Cabbage is a delicious and healthy vegetable beloved, which enjoys great popularity from gargrin. Cabbage occupies an important place in our diet, successfully applied in folk medicine. Trying powerful green cochanists on its land everybody. Experienced gardeners know how to sow cabbage to seedlings at home to get a rich harvest.

Each cabbage has its own characteristics. Make a final choice will help familiarize with varietal characteristics. Before buying seed, it is important to make a decision about which cabbage you need: for long-term winter storage, quay or just for salads.

Among the variety white cabbage Allocate early, middle-air and late. W. early grades (June, early, Gift, Ditmar, Golden Hectare, Cossack F1) Low yield, Middle density Small cochanis weighing up to 1.5 kg.

Already in the middle of the summer, you can enjoy fresh gentle salads from early cabbage. For summer consumption and soles will fit the secondary sorts of cabbage: Amaager, Glory, Belarusian, Hope, Menza F1. Late (Geneva, Turkis, Kolobok, Amaager, wintering 1474, ARO F1) well stored for a long time in a fresh form.

Buying high-quality seeds

The quality of seedlings and crop cabbage primarily depend on seeds. Therefore, it is worth acquiring only high-quality sowing material. To the process of buying seeds experienced gardeners Recommended to approach. At least an approximate list of what is going to sow, you can go to the store.

Buy seeds are only in proven specialized sales points. Only in this case can not be doubted as a sowing material that was kept in proper conditions and did not lose its germination.

Safety soil

For growing powder Cabbage is required proper preparation soils. Experienced gardeners are preparing the ground for cabbage seedlings since autumn, but it is possible to make it early in the spring.

For nutritional preparation soil mixture It is recommended to mix 1 part of the humid and the turf and add 10 tablespoons of ash for every 10 kg of soil. The ash will not only serve as a source of macro and microelements, but also an excellent antiseptic that prevents the appearance of a black leg cabbage on seedlings.

The nutrient soil mixture can be prepared on the basis of peat, mixing it in equal parts with a humid and turf and adding a small amount of sand.

Before sowing, any substrate is required to disinfect. For this, it is calcined in the oven at a temperature of 200 ° C for 15 minutes or warm 5 minutes in the microwave included on the full power. Cooking, the soil is placed in a capacity treated with a 1% solution of manganese, and a couple of days give it to stand in a warm place so that the bacteria useful for plants are multiplied in the substrate.

For the preparation of the soil mixture for cabbage seedlings, the garden land cannot be used, which previously grew cruciferous cultures: the probability of the disease of the seedlings in it is repeatedly increasing due to the presence of cellular infections.

How to choose the best sowing cabbage to seedlings?

Determine the specific date of sowing seed cabbage to seedlings is not easy, but approximate deadlines are known. Early grades can be dried from the beginning to April 25-28.

For the sowing of medium grades fits the period from March 25 to April 25. Late cabbage sow on seedlings from the beginning to the 20th of April.

The experienced gardeners give another hint: To determine the time of sowing cabbage to seedlings, it is important to know that about 10 days from time to seeding passes before the appearance of shoots and another 50-55 days after that - until the landing time. For 60-65 days before the desired landing of seedlings in the ground and it is recommended to sow cabbage to seedlings.

Prepaiming seed preparation

Before sowing, cabbage seeds sort, selecting 1.5 mm smaller. Wraping the triple layer of gauze, they are put on a thermos with water for 15 minutes (45-50 ° C), and immediately after that, for 2 minutes they are lowered in cold water.

The underwent water procedures in the wet marla are put on the saucer and are kept for a day at room temperature. Then the sowing material is stratified at a temperature of 1-2 ° C in the refrigerator. After that, the cabbage seeds are dried and sowed. Due to such simple manipulations, it is possible to increase the resistance of the cabbage to fungal and other diseases.

You should carefully examine the instructions on the packaging of the seed purchased in the store: often they are completely ready for sowing. Draised and inlaid seeds, painted in different colors, sow in a dry form without any preparation.

How to sow seed seeds?

Seeding seeds is an important stage to which it is necessary to approach correctly. For cabbage, trays or drawers depth 7-10 cm are suitable. For germination, cabbage seeds requires a lot of water, so the soil in a couple of days before sowing it is necessary to pour a specially prepared solution: 2 tablets of Apyrov-B and Gamiir can dissolve in 10 liters of water.

On the day of sowing in the box or tray at a distance of 3 cm, the grooves are made and folded in them seeds at a distance of 1-1.5 cm, sprinkling the grooves soil. Then the surface is slightly seal, crops on the windowsill and contain at 18-20 ° C at a temperature. After 4-5 days, shoots usually appear.

The emerging shoots need to be switched, leaving each plant for nutrition area of \u200b\u200bapproximately 2x2 cm. Pick seedlings in 2 weeks, when they grow up a little.

Plants are planted in the cassette according to the 3x3 cm scheme. When picking, the sebal seedlings are plugged to the seedlings. After 2 weeks, the plant from the cassette transplanted into pots of 5x5 cm (plastic, paper or peat). For the prevention of fungal diseases, cups before picking are treated with a weak solution of a light blue color.

Growing cabbage in peat tablets

So that the roots of cabbage seedlings are not injured by picking, they are grown in peat tablets that contain all nutrients and minerals. Until the landing in the bed of cabbage does not require feeding. Fungicide impregnated with fungicide ensures the protection of seedlings from fungal diseases.

The cabbage is planted for seedlings in a tablet with a diameter of at least 4 cm. Previously put them in deep container, poured with warm water and leave for swelling.

When the tablets increase in size 7-8 times, the excess water is drained, in the deepening on the surface of the tablets, seeds are laid out for 2 pieces and pampery peat. A container with tablets placed in a light place contains at a temperature of 18-20 ° C until shoots appear.

After germination of seeds, a weak sighter in each tablet is cut under the root, but do not pull out not to damage the roots stronger. If the roots of the plant begin to germinate through the pill grid, seedlings together with a tablet are recommended to transplanted into a pot.

How to get seedlings without dive?

To avoid picking, cabbage seeds planted in the cassette depth of at least 7-8 cm, the cells of which should be sizes:

• from 6x6 to 7x8 cm for early grades;
• 5x6 cm for secondary varieties;
• 5x5 cm - for later.

Filling the cell by the substrate, 2 semen are seeded into each of them. You can first sow seeds in a tablet, putting them later by cells. If through the grid of the tablet, located in the cassette cell, will start germinate the roots, the substrate simply adds to it, filling the space.

Cabbage is better to initially sow into separate pots, if there is no desire to dive it. The root system of growing plants in individual pots has a large volume, they are planted at a permanent place with a more gentle way.

Growing Cabbage Seedlings in Teplice

Good seedlings of cabbage can be ruined in a greenhouse. The sun rays penetrate through the transparent coating and do not cause harm to seedlings. In the greenhouse is not as fast as in the apartment with working heating devices, moisture evaporates from the soil. Another advantage of growing seedlings in the greenhouse - it creates a microclimate, optimal for seedlings.

For sowing in the greenhouse, seeds should be dry. From the end of March and until mid-April, the sowing of early grades, the late and the secondary sow on the whole of April comes. A few grooves make a few grooves at a distance of 15-20 cm and pour them abundantly. Seeds are scattered into the grooves at the rate of no more than 3 pieces per 1 kr. See seed closeing depth - 1-2 cm.

To protect against cross-tech flea after the appearance on the first real leaves appears, they are desirable to be processed by insecticide. To ensure the formation of a smooth stem from the seedlings, at the stage of development 4 leaves, it is recommended to plug a layer of soil 3-4 cm on the garden. The seedlings that climbed very thickly, it is recommended to swart, cutting off under the root or pulling out weak seedlings. After that, the bed is required to pour.

How to care?

Proper care - prerequisite For growing cabbage seedlings. This plant cannot be called naughty, but care errors can cause a slowdown in growth, diseases and even the death of seedlings.

Lighting

At home, cabbage is not enough ordinary daylight. To seedlings rose chorey and strong, it is necessary to freely. At an altitude of 20-25 cm above seedlings, a luminescent or lED lamp or phytolampu. They should work 12-15 hours a day. Incandescent lamps for artificial lighting Do not fit because the air is heated, and the light comes from them does not fit.

Watering

At home, cabbage seedlings are watered when the upper layer of soil dries. For seedlings, both insufficient and excessive moisturizing are dangerous. In order for the seedlings, it was not necessary to water too often, should not be neglected by the soil loan. Moisturizes soil outstanding water room temperature. After each watering, the room is recommended be sure to air.

Temperature mode

When growing cabbage seedlings, it is important to control the air temperature indoors. Before the appearance of the germs of optimal, the temperature is 18-20 ° C. When shoots appear, the temperature is reduced to 15-17 ° C during the day and 8-10 ° C at night. Such day and night temperature drops help strengthen seedlings and prevent her pulling out. For seedlings of cauliflower, you need to maintain a temperature of 5-7 ° C above.

After a week, increase temperatures up to 15-17 ° C. After 3-4 days, the seedlings are picked by separate pots or cups. Those who arrived after the dive of seedlings are recommended to establish such temperature mode: 13-14 ° F, and 10-12 ° at night. Seedlings of cabbage are first growing very slowly, but over time they type the pace and after 3 weeks after the dive form for 3 leafs.

Podkord

When growing cabbage seedlings, do not forget that for young plants in the repentance requires a balanced set nutrientscoming in the most easily accessible form. After about 7-9 days after the dive, the first feeding should be performed.

To prepare fertilizer in 1 liter of water, it is recommended to dissolve 4 g of superphosphate and 2 g of ammonia nitrates and potash fertilizers. For feeding 5-6 tens of plants, 1 liter of the nutrient solution will be enough. Initially, young seedlings need to be pouring, so as not to burn their roots, and only then feed.

After 2 weeks after the first feeding, they spend the second. For the preparation of the nutrient solution, the same fertilizers use their amount per liter of water. If the cabbage seedlings are a bit yellower, it is fed by the surviving zip.

A few days before disembarking, the cabbage to the ground is spent third (hardening) feeding. On 1 liter of water, 5 g of superphosphate, 3 g of ammonia nitrate, 8 g of potash fertilizers are added. Increased dose of potash fertilizers helps seedlings better fit in open soil. For feeding, you can use the ready-made complex liquid fertilizer "Kemira Lux".

Hardening

Charging seedlings contributes to the development of the root system and provides high survival rate. They begin to order cabbage seedlings in 10 days before landing in the ground. In the first few days in a room with a seedliness, just a couple of hours open the window.

In the next few days, seedlings are revealed for 2-3 hours on the balcony, the loggia or the veranda under the direct sunlight. So that young plants do not burn a bright spring sun, correspond to their slightly gauze.

On the sixth day of hardening, watering is beginning to cut, not allowing soil drying, and make seedlings to the balcony, where it will be until the landing in the ground. Before the disembarkation itself, the seedlings are perfectly watered.

Rechazzle seedlings cabbage in bed

By the time of planting in the garden, seedlings should be strong, chorenist, have 4-5 leaves and well-developed root. The fallout of the early cabbage is carried out at the end of April and early May, the middle-air-timed varieties are planted at the end of May or early July, Later - throughout May.

The ground on the left under the cabbage is prepared in advance: purified from plant residues and weeds, drip and contributed to each square meter Mix of 6-8 kg of overworked manure and 100-200 g wood ash.

For varieties and hybrids of white and red cabbage, such a landing scheme is recommended:

• early - 30-35 cm (the distance between plants in the row) x 40-45 cm (the width of the rod);
• the secondary - 50-60x60;
• late - 60-70x70.

To ripen the main heads, broccoli cabbage are planted according to the 20-30x50-60 scheme, and for the development of side shoots - 40-45x60. For seedlings of Brussels, the planting scheme 60-70x70 is used. Cauliflower can be planted according to the 20-30x50x60 scheme or in a checker order after 30-40 cm from each other.

Looking out cabbage recommended on a cloudy day. The beds dig up the wells and at least 1 liter of water pour into each. Along the holes, seedlings taken out of the container with an earthen room, plunge them in the first real couple of leaves and watered. The first few days will need to be protected from direct sunlight and spray with water after 17 hours.

Cabbage takes not the last place on cottage plot Each gardener. This is due to the fact that the vegetable is suitable not only for the preparation of vitamin salads, but also used in many other dishes. To grow strong seedlings, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with some rules and recommendations for landing, care and growing cabbage seedlings at home.

The main rules for planting cabbage to seedlings: how to sow at home

In order for the seedlings to be strong and healthy, it is necessary to hold sowing appropriately, and first to properly prepare seeds, containers and soil and of course it is very important to choose the best time. Only a clear compliance with the recommendations will help to avoid serious mistakes that can negatively affect the growth and development of cabbage seedlings in the future.

When sow seeds: optimal seeding

Note! The site already has a detailed article about, including those specified favorable days For landing in 2019 on the lunar calendar.

Seed preparation before sowing: pre-sowingtreatment

Before planting cabbage seeds, you need to prepare them. This procedure is intended for both sowing material collected independently and for the acquired. To do this, it is necessary to initially carry out a visual selection, sifting all damaged copies, as well as those that are much larger or less of the bulk.

Then it is recommended to carry out processing (etching) Seed cabbage from causative agents of diseases that can be stored on an outer shell. To do this, they are previously required to soak in warm water With the addition of manganese at a temperature of 40-50 degrees for 20-30 minutes.

Can be spent disinfectionusing the drug.

For stimulation of growth processes and increase the percentage of Sorrow It is recommended to make soaking with the solution "Epina" (according to the instructions) or "Zircon" (according to the instructions). After that, the seeds need to be put immediately to the ground.

And even better greater cabbage seeds on cotton disks. For 2-4 days, the seeds will turn around, and it will be possible to plant them in the ground.

Important! If the cabbage seeds are painted in different colors (it is more correct to call them dued, granulated or glazed), then this indicates that the manufacturer has already worried about them in advance and spent full presense. Therefore, no action is needed with them. Landing should be carried out in a dry form.

Video: Cabbage seed soaking

What kind of soil plant

Important! For landing it is impossible to take the ground from the site where cruciferous cultures (trouser, turnip, radishes, horseradish) grew, as they have common diseases.

Sowing cabbage seeds must be carried out in a light and nutritious substrate, which will allow plants to fully develop. The optimal option can be purchasing a finished soil for seedlings of cabbage, where the composition of the soil is fully balanced and has a neutral level of acidity in the range of 6.5-7 pH.

Also necessary soil for planting cabbage can be prepared independently, mixing the following components:

Important!Nitrogen fertilizers and humus should not be made to the soil, as this may lead to excessive growth of the above-ground part and further sprouts.

In addition, it is recommended to deframe the substrate from the pathogens of fungal diseases before planting the cabbage. For this, a few days before sowing, it is necessary to shed a soil with a working solution of the drug (according to the instructions) or a saturated pink infusion of mangartage.

And then it is desirable to sift the substrate and thoroughly disseminate to increase its air and moisture permeability.

Planting tanks

For planting cabbage to seedlings, wooden or plastic boxes and pallets can be used, but there are also other containers to pay attention to. To understand their advantages and disadvantages, you should familiarize yourself with them in advance.

Important! The most important thing is that at the bottom of the landing container were drainage holes.

• Tree or plastic containers. This type of capacity is used to plant seeds for a very long time due to simplicity. Wooden designs You can completely construct yourself, without excess costs. They are suitable for sowing and picking seedlings in the future. The disadvantage of containers is that the root system may damage. It is also impossible to get one plant, not touched by the neighboring. In addition, these designs have a fairly large weight.
• Plastic cups. Also enjoy great popularities in gloomy due to its small cost and reusable use. In addition, sowing into such containers allows plants without damage to the root, which reduces stress when transplanting. But this type of tanks has a number of shortcomings. Cups do not have drainage holes, so they should be made independently, as well as for watering plants, additional pallets are required. In addition, they do not have sustainability and need additional devices when transporting seedlings to the country area.

It is enough will be 100-200 ml cups.

• Not so long ago appeared landing capacity. It is often for sale simultaneously with a pallet and a lid, which facilitates the task of the garden. It is a combined whole individual cells, which allows planting plants immediately separately. They have drainage holes and easily cut with scissors if necessary. When transplanting the root system is not damaged. The disadvantage is that it is easy to break and uncomfortable with further transportation of seedlings.

• Peat pills. Optimal option For growing seedlings, allowing to grow strong seedlings with a well-developed root system. For landing, it is necessary to wet the tablets for 7 minutes in the water to full swelling. They are a nutritious compressed peat, placed in a special shell, which when landing into the ground is completely dissolved. This allows you to fall into the ground without damage to the root. The disadvantage is the high price and the need for frequent irrigation, since moisture from the substrate quickly evaporates. For transportation, additional devices will be required.

By the way! Cabbage can be sown to seedlings and in banksRead more about this method in the next video:

What scheme to stick when landing

The landing should be carried out with regard to the fact that the plants will further need free space for full-fledged development. Therefore, it should not be too thickened sowing.

Tip! It makes sense to sow walking only for the time to leave the strongest sprouts. And they need not to pull out, but cutting scissors.

If you are going to dive, then place the seeds in the total capacity is needed at a distance of 1.5-2 cm from each other and with a width of the range 3-4 cm.

And if you put seeds into a common container at a distance of 5-10 cm in a checkerboard order, then the seedlings can be grown and without dive.

Of course, it is perfectly sowed immediately into separate containers in order to continue not to conduct a pickup, because it does not love her cabbage, the more color.

Important! The thickening of crops is the cause of the weak and elongated cabbage seedlings, and can also cause the development of various diseases.

Video: Prepare seeds and sow cabbage to seedlings

Direct landing

When landing seed cabbage to seedlings, you must consistently perform actions. This will help prevent serious misses that can negatively affect plants in the future.

Step-by-step instruction Sowing seed cabbage seedlings:

• Pour the prepared substrate in planting containers (by 2/3).
• It is plentiful to pour it away and wait until the water is fully absorbed, and the soil will fall.
• Make rows 1 cm depth and decompose the seeds.
• Flow from above the earth.
• Moisten from above the substrate from the spray gun.
• Cover with a transparent lid or film to save inside increased humidity.
• Put the capacitance on the window and ensure the temperature of the content to + 18 ... + 22 degrees (for white-bored less, for color more).

Video: Proven way of sowing cabbage to seedlings (white)

Note! Serious differences in crops and cultivation different species No cabbage, but there are some small nuances, especially the cauliflower (it is more heat-loving).

Perhaps you will be by the way to see the following videos:

Video: especially cultivation and sowing of Beijing cabbage to seedlings

Video: Sowing and growing cauliflower seedlings - process subtleties

Features of further care and cultivation of cabbage seedlings

To grow healthy seedlings Cabbage at home, you need to create optimal conditions. Otherwise, seedlings will have an unsightly pale appearance.

Temperature mode

Remember! Cabbage is a cold-resistant plant. The exception is only cauliflower: she needs more room conditionsBut it does not tolerate too high temperatures.

As soon as cabbage seedlings proceed and friendly shoots will seem, the content temperature must be installed in such a range ( recommended for white and other types of cabbage, except for color ): Day - + 14-18 degrees, and at night - + 8-12 degrees. Such a mode will help restrain excessive growth of the above-ground part (will prevent its pulling) and will allow you to increase root system.

Therefore, it is desirable to make tanks with a seedl of a balcony or loggia. Or, if you have only a windowsill, then a slightly open the windows, putting on the winter ventilation mode.

In general, as a rule, trays with seedlings are placed in a greenhouse.

But seedlings cauliflower poorly tolerate low temperatures, so for it successful cultivation Temperature both in the day and at night should be above 4-6 degrees, i.e. In the afternoon - + 18-22 degrees, at night - + 14-18 degrees.

Interesting! Cauliflower really happens in different colors, but she got its name not because of this, but because we eat exactly flowers (tightly pressed buds) of this plant, not the leaves.

Lighting

Cabbage is a light-loving culture, so any small blackout can lead to the death of seedlings. For a full growth of seedling cabbage, a day should be within 12-15 hours.

Planting containers with seedlings should be placed on the southern windowsill or at least on the southwestern or southeast. And in the evening or morning watch whenever possible to provide backlight phytolampa.

Watering and humidity

Watering cabbage planted on seedlings must be carried out as the upper layer of soil drying is drying out, not allowing overflow, as well as drying the roots. Water should not fall on the leaves.

Note! Cabbage seedlings are categorically forbidden to water cold water, only warm or at least room temperature. Optimal water For watering is rain or melt water. It will go for watering cabbage and ordinary running water, passed through the filter and estimated within 24-48 hours at home at room temperature.

Podkord

In order to seed out the cabbage was strong and healthy, it is necessary to apply fertilizers. This will help her more actively and fully develop.

However, if you initially prepared a nutritional soil (with a humus or compost, wood ash), in principle, no additional feeding will be required. Of course, if appearance Plants will not require the opposite.

Feed cabbage seedlings in the following order:

• in the appearance stage 2 seedlines (7-10 days after germination);
• 10-14 days after the first (in phase 2 of these leaves);
• 10-14 days before landing in open sad.

By the way! If you are growing with a pickup, then the first feeding should be made 7-14 days after it.

First feederyou can do yeast infusion. 10 grams of dry yeast dissolve in 1 liter of water, adds 3-4 tbsp. Sugar spoons, let it breed 4-6 hours and watering under the root.

The second feeding must contain many nitrogen. Say, you can pour herbal Infusion (for example, from nettle) or use mineral fertilizers (for example, ammonium nitrate or urea).

You still do not want to bother, then for feeding the seedlings of cabbage is recommended to use complex mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in equal shares.Or prepare such feeding from different fertilizers, for example, by 1 liter taking 3-4 g of urea, 3-4 g of superphosphate and 3 g of potassium sulfate.

Video: How to care for cabbage shootings

Picking seedling cabbage

The dive procedure implies plant clearance into separate and more spacious containers.

Cabbage seedlings are needed only if seeds have been conducted in one common capacity and seedlings have not enough space. In general, the cabbage does not like picking, because The procedure causes the strongest stress for the root plant of the plant.

When same cabbage pickup? The main condition is the appearance of 2 real leaves in seedlings.

Cabbage seedlings when picking should be shuffled to the first pair of seedlings to form a strong root system.

Immediately after picking, for a couple of days, it is recommended to transfer seedlings to a warmer room with air temperature +18 .. + 22 degrees. This will allow seedlings easier to be mastered (more precisely, challenging) and take root in new conditions.

Video: How to dial cabbage seedlings

About picking cabbage when growing seedlings in Teplice See next video:

Problems when growing Cabbage seedlings

Sometimes the most innocuous errors in the care of the seedle lead to the appearance of diseases: overflow, lack of lighting, elevated content temperature. The most common problems in the cultivation of cabbage are:

• Cabbage seedlings yellow.There may be several reasons. Thus, the leaves can be yellowed due to the shortcomings in the soil of such elements as phosphorus (then the leaves are yellowing from the bottom and can acquire a red-purple tint), potassium (yellowing the tips of the leaves), iron (yellowing all over the base). The yellowness may appear from excessive nutrition - overdose of fertilizers. To correct such situations, shedding the land with water or transplant to the new soil at all.

• Cabbage seedlings curly leaves. As a rule, it occurs because of the bright sun on the window and from the overalling of the soil in combination of dry air in the room. With good humidity of air and moderate temperature, the co-eruption must pass. It is additionally filled with humic fertilizers, such as hums, potassium humate and TP.
• Cabbage seedlings rot.As a rule, rotting is caused due to the appearance of seedlings black leg. The affected seedlings first darkens and boils the lower part of the stem, then a hauling is formed at this place, the plant dies and falls. To prevent a similar outcome, it is necessary to pre-disinfect the soil. If this was not done or the disease still appeared, then it is worth removing all infected seedlings, and the ground is shedding with a solution of mangarteau (3-4 g per 10 liters of water), after which it does not water the seedlings during the week.

• Cabbage seedlings are pulled out.The main reasons are insufficient day and incorrect temperature. But seedlings can be pulled out even with good lighting, if the landing density is too high, which is why not all plants sufficiently have enough light. Naturally, without the recommended temperature regime of the normal development of seedlings should not be expected.

• Other diseases.In addition to the black leg, the seedlings can hit fomoz (dry rot), Kilaand many other very dangerous and destructive diseases.

To prevent the emergence of listed problems and diseases of seedlings, it suffices to comply with all the recommendations on the processing of seeds and soil before planting, as well as to properly care for landings.

Video: Prevention and treatment of Cabbage seedlings

Terms of disembarking Cabbage seedlings in Open soil and greenhouse

Tip! 10-14 weeks before falling down cabbage to open ground seedlings follow take up - At first, just open the window in the room for a couple of hours, and then it is already on a greenhouse for 3-4 hours. In the last days before planting a garden, the containers can be left directly in the garden (if the weather allows).

The fallout seedlings of cabbage to open soil or greenhouse should be carried out when the seedlings will have 3-6 real sheets. Cabbage can survive small frosts, so you should not wait until they pass, and planting as soon as it warms up to the positive values.

Video: Reference Seedlings Cabbage in Outdoor Soil

Video: Growing Secrets Strong Cabbage Seedlings

In contact with

It is quite simple to grow seedlings of white-baked cabbage in an optimal greenhouse, since it easier to carry the rapid flow drops than other plants. When growing high-quality seedlings of cabbage in the greenhouse, the main thing is not to forget, in time to deal with cruciferous flews that can cause significant damage to plants. To grow high-quality seedlings, the greenhouse is the most optimal place, since good microclumatic indicators are created. Cabbage seedlings can do any gardener. At the same time, in a good greenhouse, you can grow seedlings not only for yourself, but also for neighbors. Thus, the costs will be as minimized as possible. To do this, you need to know how to properly grow cabbage seedlings in the greenhouse.

Stages of growing seedlings Cabbage in the greenhouse

Obtaining high-quality seedlings in the greenhouse has its own characteristics to be taken into account, given the main stages of growing these plants:

Careful selection of cabbage varieties and hybrids

Not from every variety or hybrid can be obtained good seedlings in the greenhouse, so you need to choose only those varieties that are specifically derived for growing in such places. Need to select:

• high-quality seeds (for growing seedlings in the greenhouse, varieties are better suited, not hybrids);
• seeds of early, middle and late varieties.

Soil preparation in the greenhouse

For the cultivation of seedlings of cabbage in the greenhouse, the usual fertile soil is quite suitable, but it is better to mix it with peat and ashes in the calculation:

Listen to the radio:

Cabbage Chinese and Peking. (Mikhail Vorobev)

• 4 parts of fertile soil;
• 1 part of the peat;
• 1 kilogram of wood ash, on the whole plot allotted under the greenhouse.

Choosing the optimal seed seed crops

For cabbage with different dates of ripening, you need different seed seeds:

• seeds of early varieties can be heated since the end of March and until mid-April;
• seeds of medium sorts of cabbage can be started to sow from early April and until the end of the month;
• seeds of late varieties of cabbage can be heated since the beginning of April and before May.

Sowing seed cabbage

Cabbage seeds before sowing in the greenhouse, must be dry. Cabbage seeds need to be soiled in such a sequence:

1. First you need to make the necessary number of lines, the distance between which should be from 15 to 20 centimeters, and the depth of no more than 3-5 centimeters.
2. After this line, it is necessary to hide plentifully.
3. High-quality seeds need to soaring not thick (1 centimeter square should be 3-5).
4. After sowing the line, you need to sprinkle the soil, only so that the seeds are immersed on the depth of no more than 2 centimeters and at least 1 centimeter.
5. Each line with a new variety should be marked with a flank with an appropriate inscription.

Care of seedlings cabbage in a greenhouse

After seedlings, young seedlings need caring care:

1. The greenhouse needs to be tight to ensure optimum temperature and a day (16-20) and at night (10-12).
2. Seedlings need to water in a timely manner so that the soil does not drive.
3. When the first real leaves appear (if necessary, before), it is necessary to treat seedlings of cabbage insecticide against cruciferous flepes.
4. When the seedlings appear 4 of the real leaves in the greenhouse, you need to be attempted 3-5 centimeter layer: soil, sand, peat or small sawdust. This is done so that the seedlings have been formed a smooth stem.
5. If seedling in the greenhouse is too thick it is necessary to proper. For this, poorly developed seedlings are pulled out or cut off under the root. After thinning, the seedlings should be abundantly pouring.
6. If necessary, it is possible to make seedlings after 1-2 weeks with a solution of biofeements. So seedlings will be better and faster.

Hardening seedlings cabbage

Hardening is vital for seedling cabbage, which is grown in a greenhouse. It is carried out in 3 stages:

1. The first stage begins when the temperature per day will be above 15 degrees. Then, on sunny days, the seedlings need to be opened first for 15 minutes, and then from each week time to increase by 10-15 minutes, depending on the weather.
2. The second stage begins when even at night the temperature does not fall below 8 degrees. Then in the greenhouse you need to leave a small window for permanent air ventilation. In addition, seedlings are needed, for 1-2 hours, open completely.
3. The third stage begins 1-2 weeks before disembarking seedlings in open ground. Then most of the day seedlings must be fully open.

Rechazzle seedlings cabbage in open ground

The cultivation of seedlings in the greenhouse ends with its disembarking into an open ground. Do this need to follow the rules:

1. Seed out only with abundant irrigation strings.
2. Cabbage seedlings preferably preferably on a cloudy day or in the second half of the day when the sun is already close to the sunset.
3. The roots of seedlings for better survival is desirable to handle growth stimulants.
4. Pits should be abundantly pouring.
5. The land at the seedlings is desirable to mulch, so that moisture does not evaporate quickly.

As some experience of gargrin shows, in the greenhouse it is easier to get high-quality seedlings of white cabbage, even with minimal care and costs. N. oh at the same time, in no case, no need to forget about such pests as cruciferous flew. From them, it is necessary to protect the seedlings in a timely manner, so that it is not too late, and then these pests young seedlings can destroy in a few days. All other procedures for growing cabbage seedlings similar cultivation of any other seedlings.

Unique cabbage information. Read

In an old garden, the peasant was impossible to imagine without cabbage. And today, even two hundred will be sure to grow a couple of kochens of this useful and tasty vegetable. But B. modern greenhouses Today, not only a white cabbage is grown, but also do not use useful Beijing, and Chinese, and color, and Savoy, and Brussels, and even broccoli. And all because, although the cabbage in itself is a cold-resistant plant, it can still destroy long-acting low temperatures. That's why only a greenhouse can guarantee her good harvest. And the cabbage cannot do without high moisture, especially its seeds. But the overabundance, of course, can lead to the radiance of the roots. Therefore, in the cultivation of this, this vegetable is all good in moderation, and this measure is just the easiest way to be controlled in the closed soil.

In the greenhouse for the moisture-loving cabbage - the ideal conditions are simple. That is why grow in it far from one dozen goals per season is, it's not even a novice dac. The main thing is to correctly calculate the dates of planting seeds, and the cultivation of cabbage in the greenhouse will be a light and pleasant occupation.

Option # 1 - Early Cabbage

The most important thing is to choose the right cabbage grade. So, from the most well-proven you can call themselves:

• "Ditmar early." This is a raven variety, which is already 50-70 days after disembarking in the greenhouse, the seedlings will give the first collection.
• "Golden hectare 1432". This variety has a period from the seedlings to the first kochanov - 105-129 days. It is distinguished by this grade stability of kochanov to cracking, which in itself is important.
• "The first K-206 number". If you use this variety, then from the appearance of the first germs to kochanov will be used by about 100-125 days. But all the cabbage will ripen together, giving from 25 to 40 kg of harvest for every 10 m 2. It is only important to remove everything in time - otherwise the Cochanists will have time to crack.

There are no special wisdom for growing such cabbage, so moving on.

Option # 2 - Beijing Cabbage

Delicious and beautiful Beijing cabbage - rapid. Grow it most convenient ensure. Need for Beijing cabbage primarily increased humidity - 70-80%.

Also to successfully grow in a greenhouse beijing cabbageIt is important to withstand the optimal temperature mode. After all, this cabbage is a cold-resistant plant, and the temperature exceeds in the greenhouse more than + 15-20 ° C will immediately lead to the formation of a color-free stem. And in general, the violation of the temperature regime is fraught with a plant disease, because of which it may be simply not formed by Kachan.

Option # 3 - Cauliflower

Grow in greenhouse color cabbage It is not difficult, although it is considered the most demanding - it is only important to ensure the optimal temperature and humidity. So, if the temperature turns out to be too high, and the humidity is low, then the head of cauliflower will lose their density and start crumbling. That is why the soil for growing cauliflower should be well fertilized and moistened - these are immutable conditions.

You can plant cauliflower seedlings in greenhouses and greenhouses at the end of March. It is best for this purpose that portable greenhouses are suitable, because the growing season of this plant is quite large. In any case, the most important thing is to remove the crop of cauliflower in time so that the plants do not have time to crumble.

Option # 4 - White Cabbage

The most difficult thing is to correctly grow seedlings of white cabbage. This is most suitable for a special greenhouse on a biofuel that can be used from March. And finished seedlings after that - to transplant in the greenhouse.

Growing seedlings

A good alternative to such a greenhouse is steam ridges to make that you can dig a 125 cm wide and a depth of 30 cm. It should be placed on the bottom of it, and on top - sprinkle the layer of land. Finally - to cover the film. And the most simple shelters for growing seedlings is a film, frame type. You can install them right on the ridge in the spring. The main thing is only that their height is not less than 30 cm.

So, as soon as the soil in the greenhouse or under the shelter, it will be overwhelmed to 18-20 ° C, seeding itself. It is advisable to choose the darker and large seeds, to withstand them in water 50 ° C 20 minutes, quickly cool with the help of immersion in cold water for 3 minutes, and drown on the newspaper, scattering a very thin layer. It is also desirable before landing to disinfect the seeds of white-baked cabbage, treatment with a solution of nitroposki.

After that, the seeds can be sowed into a greenhouse, closing it with Ramami and sketching any insulated material on it on top of it. The first shoots will already be on the 4th day, and the shelter will need to be removed. But when the first real sheet appears, all seedlings must be subjected to picking, or at least at least to proper. After that, it is important in the greenhouse to raise the temperature by 2-3 ° C and maintain it already within 10-12 ° C.

After several leaves appear in seedlings, it is necessary to strengthen watering - but without overwhelming. It is best to water seedlings early in the morning. And after the dive, you can begin the cabbage to feed, taking 20 g nitrogen fertilizers on the water bucket, 10 g potash fertilizer And 40 g of superphosphate is all for one frame of the greenhouse. And for the second time, the seedlings will need to be contacted only by nitrogen fertilizer, taking on the water bucket of 25-20 and, finally, before the resettlement of seedlings to the greenhouse, it is desirable to feed it and for the third time - 30 g nitrogen fertilizer + 20 g potassium + 20 g phosphoric + 1 bucket of water. If, by the way, fertilizers will accidentally fall into the leaves of plants, they must be strained immediately with clean water.

Landing seedlings

And so, after a couple of days before the resettlement of the seedlings of the greenhouse should be keen, leaving the frame open for the whole day and even at night, if the weather is good. And on the sample day, the seedlings need to pour well. Ideally, it should have at least 3 leaves in the early grades, 5 leaves in the later and developed root system. It is not necessary to shake the land with the roots. And if there is an opportunity to select seedlings, then preference should be given to the one that the stalks of a purulent green color, and not a gentle-green color - this is a sign of a weak root system, which is badly accepted in greenhouse land. As a result, with one such frame you can get up to 600 seedlings.

The first watering of cabbage can only be done when the cabbage arrives in the greenhouse, but no earlier than 8 days.

Caring for greenhouse cabbage

By the way, the fertilizer of cabbage potassium and nitrogen in the greenhouse should be paid special attention - the formation of its Kochana depends on this. It does not endure a white cabbage and shading - she needs a lot of light.

Interestingly, experienced gardeners are advised to hang cabbage seeds to seed out in mid-December, having played special lighting seedlings. And the heated greenhouse is already on a permanent place only aged 55-60 days. Moreover, nitrogen food will be applied only in the first month, and then only potash and phosphoric.

But, whatever way to grow cabbage to greenhouses would be chosen - the most important thing is, this is observing technology. What is the right guarantee that the crop will delight.

In the greenhouse to the main culture, you can grow high-quality seedlings of early, medium and medium cabbage varieties. For their garden, seedlings will not need a lot, but it is possible to take a greenhouse completely to realize seedlings on the market.
Seeds of white cabbage begin to germinate at 3 ° C. This process is accelerated by increasing the temperature of the soil and reaches the optimum shoot (3-4 days from sowing) at 20 ° C. To the greenhouse, it is better to place the sawn and fitted seedlings, and before that the cultivation is carried out at home.
The standard seedling of white cabbage should have up to five real leaves (but no more) and age from shoots to two months. When landing at the end of May, sowing should be made around March 25.
Withstand freezing and give high yield Only strong, high-quality, hardened seedlings. Pledge of such seedlings - pre-sowing treatment of seeds.
First of all, conduct manual selection of seeds for size. The best will be seeds of about 2 mm in diameter. From processing techniques you can name the room of seeds into water with a temperature of 48 ... 50 ° C for 20 minutes, followed by cooling for 3 minutes in cold water, drying to flowability and excess after that. Against bacteriosis and keel during the same 20 minutes, you can simply warm the seeds at a temperature of 50 ° C. After temperature processing, it is possible to place seeds into the solution by 1.5-2 hours. boric acid and ammonium molybdate at a concentration of 0.5 g / l. Seeds with reduced germination are treated with 0.5% urea solution.
Seedlings in sowing boxes grow before the appearance of the first real sheet, after which they are shed. When picking, we rebel all the weak, late, struck by the "black leg", as well as with the obvious lack of an upper kidney of the plant. Peat flower pots 5x5 cm are suitable for dive. But the best shotguns are chamber with a diameter of 5-6 cm and a height of 10 cm. They can be made of pieces of old, well washed and disinfected by manganese or copper vitriol Films. Even tanks are suitable made of thick paper.
When picking seedlings (especially stretched) plug in almost the seeds to strengthen the seedlings due to the formation of additional roots.
Eat from the moment of seeding seeds can serve as the same thing that is intended for other vegetables.
The lighting conditions of the period of cultivation of seedlings under the film are favorable, so no special light tempered by plants will be required. It should be noted only that cabbage seedlings does not make shading from the moment of seedlings and until the disembarkation is ready.
In the greenhouse, rooted seedlings are better to put in boxes, which are under the surface of the soil to pretend the whole film. The bottom of the boxes must also be covered with a film, but with holes for the flow of excessive moisture from irrigation and sub-barker solutions.
The seedlings in the boxes are easier to move in the greenhouse in case of need, and it is also more convenient to gradually emit rendered by poor-quality seedlines.
Water seedlings are not very often, but abundantly. The water temperature may be slightly above the seaside temperature.
Even with good soil refueling by all necessary fertilizers Two mandatory feeding are useful to seedlings, and in case of particular need - the third. Flatware and nitrogen, small doses - potassium and magnesium are given in the dressings. Phosphorus promotes the active increasing root and protects against low temperatures; Nitrogen is needed for the growth of leaves; Potassium strengthens under reduced temperatures; Magnesium supports the best photosynthesis of leaves. The first feeding is given with a fully formed first sheet, the second - after 10-12 days; The first - weak concentration, the second - more. After feeding, the leaves from fertilizers are laundered with light water watering.
The recommended air temperatures for cabbage seedlings are: during the day, with the sun - 14 ... 18 ° C, without the sun - 12 ... 16 ° C, at night - 8 ... 10 ° C. The ventilation should be permanent. Although plants can withstand short-term freezes to -5 ... 7 ° C, but still in such cases, it is better to cover the seedlings with a special light film that does not float the plants, or small-sized shelters from polyethylene film. Especially undesirable to allow lifting air temperature above 20 ° C.
The correct temperature mode will provide an air hardening seedlings. A few days before the disembarkation, it is necessary to equalize the temperature regime of the greenhouse and the outer air.
When maintaining a strong, branched root system, it will not be necessary when landing is partially (as it is sometimes done) to crop developed leaf platesto prevent plant making.
According to the White method, the seedlings and other types of kernel cabbage are grown.