Supporting usually make in spring and summer, but about autumn forget, or think that there is no need for this. This article clarifies the question - whether the fertilizer of plants is needed in the fall, how to do it right and what fertilizer to choose.

Why do you need to fertilize in the fall?

1. First, it is necessary to prepare for winter, because it is such a stress for the plant. Dusting soil interferes with the roots of obtaining plants nutrients.
2. Secondly, the shrubs and trees to bear fruit, they have to give all the forces for this process.
3. Thirdly, the feeding helps the growth in the next season. Fertilizers enriches the soil as necessary for future crop substances. The main thing is not to overdo it.

Types of fertilizers

Of course, it is most environmentally used to use organic fertilizers:

The manure is diluted with water in the ratio of 1: 5, and bring into the grooves, dug around the trunk, then the grooves are burying. It has nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and other elements. It serves to reduce salt levels and acidity in the soil.

Konsky manure is the best, and pork manure is not used for fertilizer. The main thing is not to overdo it with the number of fertilizers, or the vegetative period will continue in winter. In the fall, it is better to use overwhelmed manure.

Compost

Compost is made from waste of vegetable and animal origin, bevelled grass, weeds, residues from the kitchen, dried plants, leaves, il from water bodies, feces. Raw materials are pressed, and left until completely overloaded, as needed to add water there. A large amount of compost does not harm shrubs and trees.

Peat

Peat is a compressed leveling of vegetable and animal origin, it is often used for mulching. It is necessary not to cut peat. For achievement the greatest benefit From him, it is better to mix it with other fertilizers (manure, superphosphate, potassium).

Ash

The ash regulates the soil acidity. It contains sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, manganese. If you burn young plants, then the ash from it will be the most useful. Before hard, it should be stirred with water, and just pour the resulting result.

Bird litter

Diluted with water in proportion 1: 10.

Biohumus

Biohumus is absolutely natural, it is obtained from the waste of worms. Contains nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus. It is used both to increase yields and to reduce harm from nitrates, and even as a means of combating insects. When landing under the trees, biohumus lay 5 kg., And under shrubs - 1.5 kg, stirring with the soil, and as feeding - half a kilogram per meter.

Bone flour

Bone Flour - Lamily cattle bones. It is recommended to contribute in the amount of 100-200g. per meter. Fertilizer contains phosphorus, calcium and nitrogen.

TO mineral Fertilizers based on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, as well as microfertilizers. In the fall, the most common potash and phosphate feeders are used.

Potash fertilizers Enhance the endurance of plants. Trees and shrubs calmly fall.

Phosphorus Need to divide the cells, without it will not be froning the plants.

Phosphorus-potasho Fertilizer "Ecoplant" is suitable for autumn, it can not even be dissolved with water, but simply scatter it, it will rare it wherever it is necessary.

Nitrogen fertilizers can not be made in autumn, the deadline for them is mid-July. Since they enhance vegetative growth and stimulate the growth of leaves, that is, the plant does not have time to prepare for the winter.

Complex fertilizers already contain a suitable set of mineral substances, all that are required by plants for full growth. "Autumn", "universal", " Fruit garden»Perfectly suitable for fertilizer shrubs and trees. Since the ratios of the beneficial substances are already calculated, it remains only to do everything according to the instructions.

When and what to feed fruit plants?

Autumn feeding can be made after the plants stopped fruiting: since the end of August and continuing until October. Fertilizers are entered at a peroxide, without deepening further than 10 centimeters so as not to damage the roots. The diameter must approximately correspond to the size of the crown.

Undercantry for shrubs

Smorodine bushes, blackberries, raspberries, gooseberries bring a lot of health beneficial berries. Plants are unpretentious, nevertheless require at least a small care.

Under autumn currant Feats Organic (manure, peat, compost, ash, bird litter, infusion of green herbs), Superphosphate and 15g is added. Potassium sulfate.

Malina Purchase by phosphorus-potash fertilizer (or complex) at the rate of 20-30 at 1 square meter, scatter right under the bush, not forgetting to break the soil.

You can use organic feeding. With a small yield, it is better to increase the amount of beneficial substances. If you use manure, then you must apply 6 kilograms per meter.

Under gooseberry More compost should be made. You can also use ash, superphosphate and potash fertilizers. On sandy soils increase the volume of potassium sulfate by one third, as it is easily washed away.

Under each gooseberry there is an 8 kilogram of manure and 40 g. Potash fertilizer.

Blackfold Rowan. It feels rarely about every four years. A half a kilogram of organic fertilizers and 50 g. Mineral on meter.

Like all other berry cultures blackberry It needs mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It is necessary to make 100 g. Phosphate and 30 kalia. The humus and peat can be supplemented with 5 kg.

Strawberry Very good in its essence. It must be processed, cutting off the old leaves and bursting the earth, only then the complex mineral fertilizer is used, which is preferably containing an ammonium salter. Make it better together with organic fertilizers, such as humidia and peat.

Fruit

Before making fertilizer, you must take care of the tree, process it, cut off damaged branches, removing the remaining fruits.

To prevent the eight-year-old trees, there are 30 kg under them. manure, and under nine-year and older - 50 kg. To the depth of 15 centimeters.

The humus is mixed with fertilizers containing potassium and phosphate, it is injected and pouring abundantly.

For apple and pears in the amount of - 300 g. Phosphate feeding and 200 in Potash.

For cherries and plums divorce 3 tbsp. Superphosphate and 2 tbsp. Potassium sulfate in 10 liters of water.

Rules for making fertilizers

• Before planting the soil for plants ferture, so the first year you do not need to feed.
• If the soil is mineralized and fertile, then you can fertilize once every two years.
• On dry, poor soils, the feeding is done every year and repeatedly.
• Fertilizers must be made to the zone where the roots are located, for this, 15 recesses are digging around the crown circle or make a furrow, put fertilizer, stirred from the ground and watered. But the most effective way is the use of solutions.
• Much depends on the characteristics of the soil. What the meager mineralization of the soil, the more it is necessary to fertilize it.
• Also, the amount of fertilizer made depends on how much harvest is planned and from how often plants are planted.
• The presence of a large amount of nitrates and other harmful substances in the fruits occurs due to the oversupply of mineral fertilizers, it should be limited to their use and more use organic.

Video about making fertilizers in the fall

Autumn making fertilizer is important for plants. You know what and how fertilizers now need to be made under the trees and shrubs in the fall.

Healthy and rich harvest!

It's no secret to anyone that without the correct use of fertilizers during the season it is difficult to achieve good harvest. Gardeners are used as chemical (for example, urea, superphosphate) and "natural" (manure, bird litter, humus) feeding. And at different times of the year, in different periods Plant development They need certain certain microelements: in the spring during the growth period - one, in the summer during the period of abundant fruiting - others, in the fall during the preparation for winter - third. There are several nuances, what fertilizers to make autumn.

When to spend the autumn feeding of plants

There is a golden rule regarding the application of fertilizers and the preparation of the garden and the garden for the next season: "Autumn" feeding of strawberries, fruit shrubs and trees begins immediately after the end of the fertility period. In this way, required fertilizers They are brought under the strawberries since the end of June-early July, under the currants and raspberries in July-August, under the apple tree from the end of August to the end of September.

Later feeding are inappropriate in the fall, since the plants ends the growing season, and they pass during the rest, hibernation. Therefore, most nutrients will not fall to the roots, and will destroy from the soil or waving water.

Types of mineral fertilizers

Fertilizers that use amateur gardeners on their sites can be divided into 4 groups:

• Nitrogen-containing
• Phosphorus
• Potash
• Complex

Phosphor is contained in superphosphate, bone and phosphoritic flour, as well as in Tomaschlak. It is very helpful to enrich the land with superphosphate - simple or double, as well as Tomasshlak. Tomasshlak can generally be used as the main fertilizer in the autumn period.

Potash trace elements increase the stability of garden crops to various climatic conditions, diseases and pests. The most favorite of them is all the famous wood ash, which is used everywhere throughout the season, and not only in the fall. Also in the course of the gardeners chloride and sulfurish potassium and potash salts.

Rules of autumn mineral feeding

The main nuance when making autumn feeding - they must contain a minimum of nitrogen. It is very convenient to use special complex fertilizers prepared just for the autumn period. They will be called, for example, "Strawberry-Autumn", "Autumn", etc. They are balanced by the content of phosphorus, calcium and potassium and practically no nitrogen. In addition, you can immediately pick up fertilizer in the store under a certain type of plant.

However, there are exceptions here: many perennial cultures, for example, in an apple trees, until the end of September there is a secondary formation of the root system, and in this period, nitrogen is necessary. Therefore, for such cases it is worth picking fertilizers with a small content of nitrogen.

All complex fertilizers contribute to the protection of plants in a cold period, earlier ripening of sprouts in spring, abundant flowering and fruiting. The packages contain all information about the expenditure standards of such feeding. And remember that it is better not to pectinate a plant a little than put an excess of trace elements into the soil.

It is also worth remembering that plants can absorb trace elements only in the form of a solution. Therefore, fertilizers need to be breeding in water or buy them immediately in liquid form. You can also first thoroughly shed the soil under plants, and only then proceed to feeding.

An important procedure for fruit trees is feeding. It favors the growth of the trees themselves and the growth of the harvest in the future. Shrubs and nutrient trees need much less than vegetables. This is due to the fact that roots in shrubs and trees penetrate much deeper, where it is easier to get required vitamins. For the garden feeding to spend better in autumn. For what period and what fertilizers need to be made in the fall under fruit trees - learn below.

For what you need to fertilize the fruit trees in the fall

1. First, it is necessary to prepare for winter, because it is such a stress for the plant. The damaging soil interferes with the roots of obtaining nutrients required by plants.
2. Secondly, the shrubs and trees to bear fruit, they have to give all the forces for this process.
3. Thirdly, the feeding helps the growth in the next season. Fertilizers enriches the soil as necessary for future crop substances. The main thing is not to overdo it.

Deadlines feeding fruit trees in the fall

Saving fertilizer of fruit trees for spring is a big mistake. Each feeding has its own particular importance, and for each growing period there is its own fertilizer rules. When proceeding with your trees, it is necessary, without postponing in a long box, proceed to enrich the exhausted land with the useful substances and trace elements. You can start the autumn feeding of trees from the end of August and continue until September-October.

How to feed fruit trees in autumn

Any normal gardener knows that the quality and amount of crop in a large extent depends on whether there will be a sufficient amount of nutrients in the soil. Given that garden crops grow in one place dozens of years, they are able to pull out of the soil almost all juices. Therefore, feeding fruit trees in the fall is extremely important. Of course, there are two ways to perform such events: the use of organic or mineral fertilizers. Of course, the optimal effect all these works will only be given if they are combined with agrotechnical and irrigation events.

Types of autumn fertilizers of fruit trees

• phosphate;
• potash;
• organic;
• wood ash.

Phosphoric fertilizers of fruit trees

Practically universal fertilizer containing phosphorus is superphosphate. Connections with this element are slowly dissolved quite slowly, so it is perfect for autumn trees feeding. Superphosphate contains up to 20% useful mineral. There is also its analogue with a double dose of phosphorus. Phosphoric fertilizers are needed so that the roots are strong, and sugar and protein accumulated in the juice juice (one square meter 50 g).

Potash fertilizers of fruit trees

No less an important element For successful wintering plants, potassium is. Potassian feeders allow you to survive quite cold winters with even gentle southern plants, subject to such fertilizers in the fall. Potash fertilizers contain about 50% of potassium, and there are two main species - sulfur and chloride. Chloride fertilizers are cheaper, they can be safely used on most plants, but there are nuances. Fruit shrubsFor example, currant, react poorly to chlorine. Apple trees are quite normally perceived by potassium chloride, you can also say about pears. Calici sulfate, as preferable to bring under the fermented, which also react poorly to the presence of chlorine. It is important to know the reaction of a drug, acidic it, neutral or cloth. So potassium sulfate (neutral salt) can leave some safe amount of sulfuric acid in the soil. Screwed soil is useful for some plants, such as honeysuckle and blueberries. With the help of them from the plant, excessive liquid is derived (per square meter 30g).

Organic fertilizers of fruit trees

Autumn can actively apply organic fertilizers. For the care of fruit-berry trees and shrubs most often use manure, humus, bird litter and woodwood. Often these natural feeding are complemented by mineral elements, creating optimal conditions To enrich the soil and maintaining the vitality of plants in the autumn-winter period. One of the most simple recipes Gardeners consider the fertilizer of trees by humus with the addition of potassium salts and phosphorus. In the garden, where the fruit is growing, on 1 m² it is necessary to take 5 kg of humidiation, 50 g of superphosphate and 30 g of chloride or potassium sulfate. Mixing all the components well, you need to put the mixture in the holes in the roots, pour out the earth and pour. For young trees whose age is less than 5 years old organic substances They are taken in a smaller volume, for fruit crops over 8 years old, the number of fertilizers can be increased. Bird litter And manure is often used as solutions. First take not a large number of The main component divorced in water, and insist it within a week. Then add 10 l of water and watered the trees obtained by liquid. On one adult plant leaves 2-3 liters of feeding.

Fertilizing fruit trees wood ash

Wood ash normalizes nutrition and enriches the soil with the necessary substances (per square meter 250 g). This universal fertilizer is suitable for any culture.

What else can you feed the fruit trees

What other feeders can be used in autumn? Each owner cottage plot It has its own preferences. Many believe in a rule: if we are from the garden to the garden, and from the garden to the garden surplus the harvest, it will only benefit. So, apples and pears, fallen from trees, who did not enter the owner, may well find their place on a compost pile along with grass and waste after trimming garden trees. And overwhelmed zucchini or cucumbers who reject the hostess, well can be made under the fruit trees, and the grounds of their land.

It is important in time to feed the trees in the fall - this is a pledge excellent crop In the future season.

Competent garden preparation for winter will have a positive effect on the winter hardiness.

Trees begin to feed in August-September.Mineral and organic fertilizers contribute to the attractive zone, and also spray the crown after the leaves are fed.

Send the garden in the fall, connecting the application of fertilizers with deep steering of the soil around the tree trunk in October, Not only will allow the roots to breathe, but also destroys the wintering of caterpillars.

For more prime soil irrigation, it is often combined with fertilizers, but small doses of frequent irrigation are harmful, since the soil air exchange will be disturbed.

In the zone of the near-break circle during the rescope organic fertilizer - humus (30-50 kg) at the same time with potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron.

Autumn feeding apple trees, pears

• superphosphate - 300 g;
• potassium sulfate - 200 g;
• Magnesium - 300 g

After deep sealing into the rolling circle, the plant should be hidden abundantly. Sefaceous culture Requires saturated nutrient solutions.

To feed the trees in autumn organic and mineral fertilizers must be necessary. Apple and pears have a deeper root system And annually put a large amount of nutrients from the soil.

Than to feed the autumn cherries, apricots, cherries, plums

• superphosphate - 3 tbsp. l.
• potassium sulfate - 2 tbsp. l.
• water - 10 liters (bucket).

This solution is filing the garden in the fall from the calculation of 4 buckets of such a solution on one adult tree.

Nitrogen - Spring fertilizer, contributing to the enhancement of the aspiration, which will be in no way during the Winter Tree Sleep.

Limit, according to the adopted standards, in the autumn period, feeding substances: manganese, cobalt, copper, boron.

Especially important, feeding fertilizers for seedlings and young trees in the fall under 8 years of age.

Of the light soils (sandy, sandy), the useful elements are washed faster than from more severe (clay, luggy).

This fact is taken into account by calculating the amount, when making feeding and fertilizer.

Waterproof watering trees in the fall

In the dry and warm period of leisurefall in mid-October spend abundant irrigation of garden trees across a large crown circle and a small rigorous. Saturated with water with water in order to avoid a dry period for the tree, which will save the root system, will eliminate the possibility of occurrence sun burns branches and bark.

The most vulnerable to the cold young roots are located under the crown, rather far from the plant's trunk. Watering an adult tree for 2-3 days requires up to 20 water vest, for young enough 4-6 vest.

Watering abundantly, it is necessary to take into account the type of soil, the depth of the root system and groundwater. The average tree produces water in winter from a depth of 0.5-2 m.

In the fall, gardeners and summer houses are actively prepared by land and green plantings to wintering.

For this, it is held:

• dropping Grookok.
• plant Mulching Protective Layer Foliage
• shelting grapes
• making comprehensive fertilizers

Proper and planned preparation of garden garden to frost will provide favorable conditions for flowering plants, their growth and high-quality fruiting. When spring comes, it is the introduction of complex mineral mixes in the off-season, contributes to a rich crop of fruits and vegetables.

Preparation for winter begins in the summer

Since June, you can proceed to the introduction of mineral feeding to the sprinkling strawberries. Since July, cherry, sweet curtain, other bone trees are fed. In the same way, we act with replicating: currant, raspberry, gooseberry. It is important to help plants until the end of the growing season (growth), so the latest term for this is the end of September. Such a graph is due to the fact that the introduction of complex mineral mixtures by the middle of autumn is less efficient, since the growth of green mass stops, and the plants do not take the nutrients in the required volume.

Mineral-based fertilizer

It is possible to carry out high-quality and in the desired quantity of planting plantings with mineral mixtures. Their assortment varies on the percentage of useful and soluble substances.

Preference is given to the use of material with the highest concentration of useful elements that are encoded in a conventional digital formula: at the beginning of the marking is always nitrogen, behind it phosphorus and potassium. For example, a mixture with a high concentration of minerals is contained in Formula 15:15:15: nitrogen-phosphorus-potash mixture. By purchasing mineral feeding with marking 19: 15: 9, get the composition with a low content of potassium and increased nitrogen.

How to improve yield?

We constantly write letters in which lovers of gardeners are experiencing that because of the cold summer this year, poor crops of potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, and other vegetables. Last year, we published tips on this. But unfortunately, many were not listened, but some were still applied. Here is a report from our readers, we want to advise plant growth biostimulants that will help increase the harvest to 50-70%.

Read ...

In order to find out how much the soil falls in the fall selected mineral mixtures, you need to summarize the figures contained in the marking. From 100, calculating the resulting amount by defining, thus neutral (at best) saline ballast. Useless soluble substances negatively affect the soil: bind water, make it difficult to access the roots to moisture.

On the percentage of nutrients, complex mixtures are divided:

• up to 30% - depleted;
• from 30 to 40% - medium;
• more than 40% - enriched;

By purchasing fertilizers need to take into account potassium and nitrogen content, this is due to the fact that these substances compete with each other for digestibility. With their ratio in proportion of 1: 1, more active nitrogen is involved. An excellent nitrogen ratio to potassium in proportion 3: 5. In such a mixture, potassium "successfully competes" with nitrogen and is absorbed in the right amount, thereby stimulating the healthy development of plants.

For the preparation of garden garden to the autumn-winter period, complex feeders with Formula 1:11:24 are relevant, with a minor content of nitrogen. In the fall of active growth in the garden, it is not foreseen, and the need for potassium and phosphorus is large, since these elements are drunk hard and are taken out in winter. A small percentage of nitrogen contained in the nutrient mixture provides composition with good solubility. In the fall, an active increase in the root system of perennial garden plantings is accompanied, accompanied by the reinforced development of nitrogen from the subcording, and falls on October.

What fertilizers to use in the fall

Mineral feeding, dissolved in water, is best digested by plants, since the nutrients reaches the root system faster. This is a natural method of nutrition for the green mass required during the growing season, therefore such a method of fertilizer is a priority.

Optimal water mixture of mineral fertilizers at its concentration is prepared from the calculation: 1 tablespoon of fertilizer for 10 liters of water. In such a proportion, the amount of minerals approximately corresponds to their content in the indifferent soils, under natural conditions.

Alternative method of making mineral feeding

When making mineral fertilizers, the ability of plants to receive beneficial substances through foliage, due to vessels and channels on its surface.

The advantages of this method:

• the method of spraying dissolved in water minerals is good because the rate of assimilation of the elements by the plant significantly exceeds all other well-known ways of feeding
• for extra -orn subordinate Determined by the consumption of materials due to the fact that it is possible to determine the concentration of mineral solution as accurately as possible.
• change does not occur chemical composition substances to insoluble compounds, and such changes occur when making mixes directly into the soil

By destination mineral fertilizers divide:

• lawn
• for fruit trees
• berry-decorative plants
• coniferous rocks
• perennials

In specialized nutrient mixtures, a balanced mineral composition contains optimally balanced mineral composition, so the plants are fully obtained for vital elements.

Fertilizers for the fall in the fall are selected with a reduced nitrogen content, such a material is usually packaged with an information inscription on the package:

• "fall"
• "For autumn making"

Autumn fertilizers are combined with elements rich in phosphorus, potassium, calcium - substances that ensure the development of shoots and reduce the susceptibility of plants to coolness and pests. It is possible to take a rule that excess feeding does not carry any value for plants, therefore it is necessary to start it only after a careful study of the content of the instructions for use. Material consumption standards can be found on the package.

Complex fertilizers of organic origin

A special value for summer residents and gardens is a horsepower and cow manure, as well as littering of poultry: Quail, Curia, pigeons. Dung-rampage is formed in the process of overheating in a heap, which lasts 1.5 - 3 years. Such a material is harmless to plants and can be carried under root, and fresh manure or litter is entered only under the poppopk, as it contains urea in concentrated quantities and other substances that can harm the root system. In the fall, the plot feels the manure from the calculation of 400-500 kg per hundred, once every 2-3 years.

Active action has an aqueous solution of litter, for this, the material is filled with water and left to wander during the week. The resulting infusion is diluted with water until the color is not a strong tea welding and after an abundant watering of the plantation is made under the root. The rate of consumption of solution from the floor of a liter for small plants, like tomato, and, up to 1-3 vestors for fruiting perennial trees.

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