Early varieties of tomatoes are of particular interest, since in the conditions of our agriculture, the constituency is the desired factor. In view of this, the number of hybrids issued and ultrasound seeds is growing every year. The early varieties of tomatoes give fruit after 100 days.

General

Ultra-spaceful tomatoes are good because they not only reward the gardener with a large harvest, but also surprise the variety of varieties, tastes and color. If you are at least once with cultivation, it is unlikely to refuse further from the cultivation of the presented species.

The benefits of early tomatoes are that the fruits have a complete spectrum of vitamins, including ascorbic acid and carotene.

At the same time, plants have a long period of vegetation, and from the emergence of shoots to form the first fetus runs about 97 days. In the open ground, the early species give fruit to the first autumn frosts.

Tomato species

The early types of tomatoes differ in the process of cultivation. There are three methods of cultivation of plants:

• in open soil;
• in greenhouse;
• on the windowsill, on the balcony.

For a particular method of cultivation, certain varieties of superrand tomatoes are intended. After all, each cultivation variant differs significantly from the other. So, in the greenhouse, tomatoes have to experience significant temperature differences. So that the fruits are tasty, it is necessary to pay attention to the conditions in which plants are located.

Some early varieties of tomatoes feel perfectly in the open soil others can grow only indoors. We will understand which varieties are suitable for a particular method of cultivation.

Tomatoes on the windowsill (video)

Description of varieties

Varieties for greenhouses

For greenhouses, the following varieties of tomatoes are suitable:

• "Superstar". Suitable for film greenhouses. The time of ripening is 90 days. In height, the plant reaches 140 centimeters. Fruits of impressive sizes, red, taste sweet. The variety is perfect for the preparation of salads.
• "Sweet Bunch". For early tomatoes of this type, it is characterized by ripening for 100 days. The bush in height reaches 2.5 meters, so he needs a gate. There is necessarily the formation of two stems. The fruits are sweet, rounded, red, weighing about 15 grams. On one brush, up to 50 fruits may appear.
• "Golden Brush". The most delicious fruits, ripen on the 98th day. The height of the plant is about 150 centimeters, it is necessary to conduct steaming and garter. Pear-shaped fruit shape, sweet taste, large brushes. The variety is used for different purposes.
• "Greenhouse raging F1." For an early tomato of this species, it is necessary to grow in greenhouse conditions. In height, the bush reaches 70 centimeters. Fruits have a mass equal to 120 grams, dense, red color.

Sort for open soil

For landing in the open ground, the varieties for greenhouses may not come up. Choosing this method of cultivation, it is worth staying on the following varieties.

• "Far North". Ripening fruit is already on the 93rd day. It is possible to grow with a reckless method. Plant Stambling, compact, fruit red, rounded shape. The species is distinguished by resistance to phytoophluorosis and cold resistance.
• "Alpha". Gives the most delicious fruits, juicy, small, red. Suitable for open soil and film greenhouses. Growing can be reckless. In height, the plant reaches 50 centimeters. Fruits are used for salads.
• Valentina. Maturation time - 95 days. Fruit abundant, kind of drought-resistant. In the height of the bush can reach 70 centimeters, steaming is not required. Fruits are distinguished by a high content of ascorbic acid and the fact that they are not susceptible to cracking.
• "Doll F1". The earliest time of ripening is 87-95 days. The variety is suitable for both film greenhouses and open soil. The view of the high-yielding, the height of the bush reaches 70 centimeters. The mass of fruits is about 200 grams, in good conditions It may be more - up to 400 grams. Vegetables are suitable for processing and consumption in fresh form.

Sorts for window sills and balconies

What types are considered to be the most suitable for such conditions?

• "Angelica". From the beginning of the appearance of shoots to ripening takes 80 days. The plant is low, after the appearance of the 3rd inflorescence, the growth of the culture is stopped, and then the step of step is going. Fruits have a mass equal to 60 grams. Depending on the method of generating a bush can be 2 seed chambers.
• "Butterfly". The variety has a universal purpose. The main characteristic is the presence of multiple branched inflorescences, egg-shaped smooth fruits. Mass of tomatoes up to 30 grams, painting raspberry pink. In vegetables, there is a high content of lycopene, which ensures excellent flavoring qualities.
• "F1Romantic". Is different early time Maturation. The variety has short interstices, the leaf is the average number, the inflorescence is simple. Usually, 10 fruits of a round shape are formed on the bush. The average mass of the fetus is 55 grams. While the vegetable is immature, it has a green color, when ripening becomes brownish-greenish yellow.

Features of planting and care

For early greenhouse varieties great importance It has the preservation of the 1st flower brush. It is laid at the stage of education 8 leaves. Then the kidneys are going to grow, of which side shoots appear.

Since as the bush grows, the formation of new flower brushes, slowing down the appearance of fruits in the first brushes, the number of stocks must be reduced. To do this, pinch the main escape, located above the 4th brush.

Equally important and keep the flowers of the 1st brush. They fall due to high humidity, at low temperatures, excess nitrogen and phosphorus disadvantage. Stimulants of growth should be used to preserve uncens and flowers. They significantly increase the number of fruits.

Another point is the quality of seeds. It is recommended to order them low temperatures, then you will receive the first shoots much faster. The tempered seedlings are planted for 2 weeks earlier than the usual one, it is able to withstand freezing and does not drop flowers.

The rest of the departure is exactly the same as for ordinary tomatoes. Regular watering is required, making feeding and maintaining temperature equal to 24 degrees. With too low or too high temperatures, yield decreases, and plants can stop growth.

Tomatov grade for growing in the greenhouse (video)

Early tomatoes have a number of advantages. They help get a harvest much faster, while the fruits remain helpful and tasty. However, so that the cultivation of early tomatoes gave nice results, It should competently choose the variety and provide it with the necessary care.

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Ripening in June, and sometimes at the end of May, the early grades of tomato are particularly cost-effective production (450-500%). Every year the demand for them increases, so breeders are derived newest specieswhich meet the diverse requirements of gardeners and gardeners.

1 varieties of tomatoes for landing for open ground

• resistance to diseases;
• maximum fitness for climatic changes;
• excellent flavoring qualities;
• stable and increased fruitiness;
• ripening in rapid dates;
• easy to care.

Depending on the place of its grieving, rapidly ripening tomatoes are divided into groups:

1. For unprotected soil;
2. For a greenhouse situation;
3. For apartment conditions.

The most favorable to early excavation in open locality next species: "Valentina", "Don Juan", "Aphrodite F1", "Sanka", "Parodist", "Benito F1", "Valentina", "Blast", "Gina", "Alpha", "Extreme North", " Doll F1 "," Cupid F1 "," Legionary F1 "," Maksimka "," Marisha ".

"Alpha". The earliest super-conductor appearance adapted to cultivate shoots with a reckless way (both in open soil and in film shelters). You can collect harvest already at 85-95 days. The height of the bush is 40-50 cm. It has bright red juicy fruits of small size (50-70 g). Recommended for use in a variety of salads.

"Amur Stam". Determinant early subspecies, perfectly suitable for growing seeds and does not require passing procedure. It races for 80-95 days from sowing. The height of the vegetable varies in the range of 40-50 cm. The fruits of red and rounded with an average weight in 120 g. The Amur Stam is distinguished by unpretentious in leaving, resistant to a complex weather situation, including freezers. The main purpose is to use for the preparation of salads.

"Aphrodite F1". Compact hybrid (determinant), fruiting for 70-80 day from sowing. Its length - 50-70 cm, mass - 100-150. Rounded bright fruits in structure are very elastic, thanks to which they are great for transportation. In their direction are universal.

"Valentina". This tomato, representing superrand varieties, especially hardy and persistently tolerate drought. It is characterized by an elevated content of ascorbic acid. Reaching 70 cm in height. Ripening is carried out 95-100 days after landing. In the formation of bushes does not need. Ripe tomato It has a rich red color and a plum form. He is tight and rude, which makes it resistant to cracking.

"Benito F1". A low plant (40-50 cm) with a growing season of 70 days. Ripe vegetable in structure is obtained by fleshy, and in shape - oblong. The weight is quite large (up to 150 g). Benito F1 is not inclined to verticillaous fading, resistant to fusarium and universal in use.

"Don Juan". Matures grade for 90-100 day from sowing. Its distinctive feature is considered an unusual elongated form with a pointed "nose". Radial fruits have a raspberry color with longitudinal pale yellow stripes. Tack long storage And suitable for canning.

"Doll F1". Substitution with pink color, which is popular due to high yield. Its length is at least 85-90 cm. Requires moderate in frequency of passing. The average weight ranges from 150 g to 200 g, but when compliance with careful care can reach 450 g. It is used for processing and consumption in fresh form.

Note! So that the ultrafastence varieties carry high productivity, competent primer preparation is necessary.Suppose it with overwhelming manure (8-10 kg / m²). The soil should be supported by the mineral organic complex (15 g of urea, 25 g of calmagnesia and 50 g of superphosphate per 1 m²).

2 varieties for greenhouse cultivation

The earliest varieties of tomatoes are presented in the following types: "Golden Brush", "Yarilo", "Mandarinka", "Poznan", "Greenhouse raging F1", "Sugar plum Malinovaya", "Sweet Bunch", "Blagovest", "Superstar", "Trapeza", "Present F1", "Friendly", "Cavaler", "Funtik".

"Golden brush." An inteterminant hybrid length of 1.5 m. Fruit for 96-98 days from the moment of planting in protected ground. Tomatoes of this group of fine size (25-30 g), but possess pleasant taste. Externally, a slightly resemble a pear of yellow-golden color. They must be packing and tapping.

"Mandarinka". Tall inkometerminant plant with a growing season of 90-100 days. In the brushes of this species, up to 10 saturated-orange tomatoes weighing 75-110 g. The value of them is not only in a wonderful taste, but also in invulnerability to complicated meteors.

"Sugar plum Malinovaya." Sevetermannant bush, which gives a crop on 85-97 days. Most often pulls into a height of 105-140 cm. Ripe vegetable stands out among others with their raspberry tint and a shape like a plum. The advantage of these tomatoes in a significant number of vitamins contained in them and gentle taste. Long stored and wellmented by transportation. The garter and step-down - an indispensable rule for a generous harvest.

"Sweet bunch". The most tall view (from 3 m), which must be tied up and form in 2 stems. Gives a multiple rich harvest. Brushes with rounded and sweet fruits for 20-50 pieces look like bunches of grapes.

"Trapeza". Delicious hybrid with oval fruits (15-20 g) bright red. Fixed stem length - 160-175 cm. Good for long-term conservation and canning, as well as in the latest version. Particularly popular for its viability and endurance.

"Superstar". Seventermannant, perfectly suitable for sheltered room or protected soil. Large (190-260 g), flat-rounded and sweetish vegetable applied in salads. Metering barrel steaming is always welcome.

3 for balconies and apartments

These subspecies are common: "Room Surprise", "Minibel", "Florida", "Pigmea room", "Balcony miracle", "Siberian raven", "Pinocchio", "Sadovaya Pearl", "Snegarek", "secret Tim", "Angelica", "Ballerinka".

"Room Surprise". Among the tomato crops intended for cultivation at home (on balconies or balconies), it is used to be abundant harvest that this variety is (for 80 days). This is a compact vegetable (up to 45 cm) that does not require the formation of shoots. Its mass fluctuates in the range of 60 g. The red plumbing fruit can be both canned and cut into a salad.

"Minibel". Ultra-spaced varieties for breeding under film shelter, determinants. The plant is miniature (the stem is not longer than 35-40 cm), but perfectly fruits even in the absence of proper care and insufficient lighting. Tomatoes of this species are small - 15-20 g. They taste are moderately sweet with a slight acidic note.

"Pigmea room". Pottle culture for universal use, which manifested itself in breeding on terraces, balconies, balconies, as well as in compacted landings of vegetables and colors. The low-spirited strambl trunks (25-35 cm) of the tomato cost without steaming. Pigmey brings generous yield - Ripe, sweet red tomatoes having a round shape.

"Pinocchio". After evining, the strambet low plant matures for 90-95 days. Miniature fruit weighing no more than 15-20 g, rounded and sour-sweet taste. Meeting procedure is not required. Tomatoes "Pinocchio" are in demand among the vegetable breeders due to their decorativeness and high fertility.

"Garden Pearl". Another variety that is recommended for home conditions (on the windowsill or balcony). This is one of the richest crop varieties of culture, which in one season brings about 350-400 pink fruits. Super early tomatoes appear for 82 days. The stem is flimsy, no more than 40 cm. Checking does not need to conduct. In addition to the nutritional value, the tomato has good decorative qualities, so it looks great in the flower bed.

The choice of the rapid variety of tomatoes will not present labor if you decide in advance, in what conditions do you plan to carry out cultivation.

Tomatoes are not alone in the ingredient of the good half of Itali recipes, but also a storehouse necessary vitamins in summer. Favorite among gardeners, culinary and proud owners is different not only by form, appearance, but also differ in properties, depending on the culture variety.

There are a wide variety of tomato varieties, and therefore it is important to know the main features of all kinds

There are a wide selection of tomatoes on store shelves, but not everyone knows their names and the main features in preparation and falling in the spring. Red, yellow, crimson and fiery - even a pleasant buyer is capable of appreciating the rainbow tomato. A description of the varieties will help not only choose tomatoes for canning or salads, but will also open all the wealth of tastes and the diversity of this unsurpassed vegetable.

Classification of varieties

The general description of tomatoes is their joint characteristics, and therefore the varieties are only a few varieties. In particular:

• hybrids;
• tomatoes "Biff";
• brush;
• cherry;
• fine tomatoes;
• picking tomatoes;
• tomato strambered;
• ordinary tomato;
• determinant tomatoes.

The hybrids are called tomatoes grown from seeds of mixed species. These plants distinguish several advantages and disadvantages, because on the packaging with the manufacturer's seeds obliges to indicate the name of the variety on the package, also generation of crossed different species Culture. The most suitable is the first generation of hybrids.

For large housing tomatoes (their weight exceeds one hundred and fifty grams), the name "Bift" of tomatoes is suitable, unlike classic fruits, this variety of tomato highlights 4 segments of the core, instead of the usual two.

Varieties that you can easily gather whole "branches" are kind of brush species, such a property is ensured by the fact that young and mature fruits are the same elastic, do not crack even when high humidity And do not spread to other tomatoes.

Small tomatoes - in fine-coined weight up to 60 grams, and due to increased fructose in their composition are remembered by a unique taste. Similar tomatoes are harmoniously suitable for the decoration of the first dishes and side dishes.

Tomatoes are similar to ripe cherry - Cherry, in addition to useful components, dry (in cellular juice). A rich taste is more reminiscent of berry, so misleading and gourmet, and an amateur satisfying to eat.

It is Cherry that is a favorite variety of tomatoes among large number of people

Sometimes when transplanting in cups, tomatoes pass the "Piking" procedure, which helps in the future to get selected fruits. Industrial tomatoes that do not require garters refer to the so-called stranded tomato. The crop of such plants easily transfers long-term transport and can lie long enough, keeping healthy appearance. Tomatoes with a subtle stem that carefully tied garders, tend to literally fall under the ground and rot. Such varieties are used exclusively for home disembarkation, because the bush requiring care can simply do not give a crop.

Varieties with increased yield - intederminant tomatoes with continuous growth of the stem. Such plants are suitable for growing in the greenhouses, but the stepsing should be cropped, in order to avoid the growing stalks to the sides. The complete opposite of the intederminant varieties is determined, which stop the main growth with the advent of the case of inflorescences (at the same time). The fruits of such varieties ripen simultaneously. The tomatoes of such varieties like superbermannants are the rapid. After the appearance of three inflorescences, their growth stops, and let the crop will not differ in high numbers, the rate of fruits compensates for this flaw.

Regardless of the one you choose the variety of tomatoes is suitable for a description or not, its properties are recommended to take into account first. For transportation for long distances, juicy tomatoes will not fit, and for canning lovers a low number of fruits - will become a reason for disappointment. Therefore, before planting each of the selected types of tomatoes, it is worth find out the conditions for disembarking and care for this variety.

Early tomato varieties, in addition to obvious advantages, are not whimsical and harvest with any more or less gentle weather conditions will delight even inexperienced gardens.

To grow early varieties of tomatoes for greenhouses, you will have to work pretty

Sort Eugene

Suitable for landing in open ground, and in autumn suitable for canning or diverse vegetable salads. With minimal rainy, Eugene tomatoes will give a good harvest, and short green leaves are perfectly combined with purple smooth tomatoes. Inside the pulp of vegetables of this variety is characterized by a special density and density.

Sort Aurora

Similar taste is another variety - Aurora. These are tomatoes whose seeds are obtained by crossing two different varieties. Aurora Tomatoes are suitable for planning on a regular site or ground (under the protective film), and vegetables that are optimally suitable for salting have a non-ribbed surface and gain weight up to 200t grams.

Red sun

Another hybrid is tomatoes called the Red Sun, with a pronounced juicy scarlet shade of fruits and the lack of ribbed surface. Unpretentious variety, grown either on open soil, or under tarpaulin and the most suitable for vegetable sides.

Little Prince and Fat Jack

In terms of stability, the most crops are called tomatoes of such varieties, like a small prince, in fact these are small smooth fruits with a pleasant unobtrusive taste. Thick Jack, like a grade, favorably transfers temperature differences and gives a crop of large tomatoes, weighing up three hundred grams. The fruits of this variety differ from their fellow sweet taste.

Due to regularly emerging diseases, it is worth paying attention to stable varieties of tomatoes, such as:

• Admiral;
• Hurricane;
• France (grown from hybrid seeds);
• Spring drops.

To get a good and high-quality yield of tomatoes, it is necessary not only to take care of plants, but also choose tomato-resistant varieties

All the fruits of these varieties have a unique taste, a stronger (admiral) and average branching plant of a hurricane. Optimal option For salting or for use in raw form - salads, stew and tomato paste. The last variety can be attributed to the ultrasound - Spring Drops. Small fruits are densely located on the bushes, resistant to cold air and common diseases of tomatoes.

High-yielding varieties

The high-yielding includes varieties:

• Tsarsko Seli Tomatoes;
• Lady's lady;
• Admiralty;
• Harmony.

The varieties of the similarity of Tsarsko Selic Tomatoes are high-yielding plants, with red, smooth flat fruits. An integral ingredient for salads and gas stations. Externally, similar tomatoes belong to the lady's variety, the fruits of which are highlighted with a dense core and rich red. Large fruits on the bushes are resistant to drought and capable of growing up to two hundred grams.

Salad high-yielding grade is harmony, plants with medium-sized foliage and red smooth fruits. The most common variety in vegetable stores, delicious fruits are little susceptible to diseases and resistant to unfavorable external factors. Small difficulties associated with garter and landing of bushes will arise in a glooderian, disguised Tomato Admiralty, but their appearance and excellent tastes compensate for all inconvenience.

High-yielding types of tomatoes are classified by appointment

A description of a particular early to landing the type of tomatoes will help choose the most production varieties Tomatoes, ready for landing in early spring.

The best of the best

The best varieties of tomatoes attract a number of profitable and distinctive criteria: the heights determined with the time growth, tolerance towards the temperature difference. For a short changeable summer, such varieties will bring a harvest of hundreds of fruits, which can be safely allowed to be conservation, on daily and festive dishes, including for sale. The best varieties of tomato are primarily primitive in circulation for a man of plants. Description of characteristics:

• Rapid;
• Golden stream (yield grade, fruits small);
• Golden autumn;
• Pink honey (the first of most pink tomatoes is sleeping, the fruit is juicy, fleshy);
• Rapunzel (instead of the bush long "brushes" with densely planted fruits similar to Cherry, quickly matures);
• Triumph;
• Labrador (bush up to 80 cm high, massive fruits with classic restrained taste);
• Apparently invisible;
• Watercolor (early grade, fruits - up to 100 grams);
• Zhigalo (red, tightly located to each other fruits).

The best varieties of tomatoes, in addition to obvious reasons, guarantee resistance to periodically emerging diseases of vegetables and fruits. The main pest for tomatoes is phytoofluorosis, so in recent decades, the fight against diseases has been to the forefront, which includes the selection of varieties that are not subject to phytoofluorosis. In particular, it is hybrids, like Katyusha, capable of mature to ninety days, giving a vintage of bright red fruits weighing up to 150 grams. Busts subspecies Katyusha reaches a height of up to 70 cm, but the main thing, the tomatoes of this variety are resistant to phytoophluorosis. A similar advantage guarantees a raspberry miracle (massive fruits grown in greenhouses and on an open soil, with a clearly pronounced taste) or Budenovka (fruits up to half aologram weighing).

Gardeners have long defined for themselves the best varieties of tomatoes, years of practice and experience make themselves felt, but do not forget that new universal people appear every year compared to predecessors and persistent varieties (the yield of tomatoes increases) capable of withstanding temperature differences, pests, Diseases and give a worthy harvest.

Greenhouse varieties

Not every subspecies of such plant tomatoes, loves greenhouse conditions and not every greenhouse tomato is inferior to fruits grown outdoors. The leader among the preferences of experienced gardens has been left for the decade, the subspecies of the event of the eagles - the fruits of which are unusually yellow - solar, massive and sweet. The girth of such tomatoes reaches a kilogram by weight, and every year the harvest of tremendous fruits will delight with quantities and appearance.

The main mistake of growing tomatoes in the greenhouse for beginners and inexperienced summer residents is a seed landing in ordinary soil

Auria's grade of the height of two meters achieved is not inferior to the Graph Orlov graf, the extended fruits grow in a greenhouse with sincere joy and speed. Another favorable find for greenhouses will be Tomato Pin - medium-bed variety, with a minimum number of leaves with small tomatoes, thick-seated on the bushes.

Koenisburg with elongated massive fruits will bring good yields, will supply the kitchen ripe fruits throughout summer period. Cumato's sweet fruits will provide a variety of growing beds, because pronounced dark color The fruit (black) adds a saturated taste of mysteriousness.

Not every gardener is able to afford to acquire a greenhouse, especially equipped with the latest innovations and technologies, but if a chance appeared to equip a homemade greenhouse, then the dealers are unacceptable a priori. The conditions created in a closed space, covered by harmful influences, are able to give a truly incredible harvest.

Exclusive varieties

If you cut out classic species, no surprising dozens of years, predictable favorable bushes of tomatoes and even new - economical, then unusual, rather even strange, varieties that can surprise and deliver aesthetic pleasure. We are talking about original fruits, with extraordinary taste and unique appearance, about such as:

Vintage Tomato on your site depends on the selection of the variety directly. Most of these subspecies are used in the decor of finished dishes or side dishes, although separately they bring the extraordinary taste and benefit of the body.

Complexity of choosing subspecies

In nature, there are thousands of varieties of plants, especially so useful as tomatoes. And the usual, and unpretentious, at the end of the ends are exotic.

Every gardener or entrepreneur defines the goal with which it begins a fascinating process of landing and landing of tomatoes. Lovers of domestic preservation or sellers of natural products - without exception, they all strive not to primitive quantities, but to the quality of tomatoes. Gardening should consider that the yield of tomato directly depends on the choice of species and from landing care.

Externally, the right fruits are surprised by a rich taste, even if they are used in dish, like decoration.

Solving for the winter is the land respect by the owner, and therefore natural wealth is used with the mind. Comfortable and favorable tomatoes (concern for fruits and bushes), sophisticated varieties and reverent fruits, but with certainly the necessary taste features.

Among the hometalk, tomatoes are one of the most common and beloved.

Each variety will find their own admirer and if with common varieties it is easily easily, then less successful - simply lost.

Universal on purpose Digger variety is plants from high bushes up to two meters, red massive fruits and sweet saturated taste. In conservation, it is used frequently, recipes using the tomatoes of the dig pitch - in each culinary book for the top ten.

Pleasant fruit fruits Malinovaya lamp will seem funny and 100% useful, they will also use the solo and fresh dishes. The extraordinary appearance of fruits in the form of a lamp will help to apply fantasy in decorating dishes and garnings.

The fobility of the di-guard is known for the whole world - conservation king. He is credited with the largest yield of tomato among all subspecies. Three-meter bushes and branched rhizome. The fruits of the varieties of yellow, fiery and red. Tight pulp helps to feel the fineness of taste, and therefore it is an indispensable ingredient for salads.

Among the average, the grade "Tree" is highlighted with two-meter bushes and a flat form of fruit. The name that came out of power, with the help of which a greater number of tomatoes are kept on the stem - hints at the numerous harvest of the bold gardener.

If you want to have fresh and useful (the main thing - environmentally friendly) products of the house, then without thinking, choose the varieties that you simply have attracted (externally or by the properties of the flesh), experiment and find your own (unique) approach to the cultivation of tomatoes at home. Official sources argue that the yield of tomato largely depends on the leaving of the plant.

IN summer season A frequent guest at the dinner table is tomato. This Parenic Family Vegetable has excellent taste and contains many useful substances, in connection with this, it is so popular in the dishes of many countries of the world. In today's article, we will talk about tomato varieties, their basic properties and appointment.

The ancestors of the current alignment tomatoes are wild grades growing in hot tropical areas of South America. From the native continent, this vegetable was brought to Europe in 1493, where the Spaniards and Italians were engaged in his breeding. In the kitchens of these peoples, Tomat to this day occupies a leading place. The word "tomato" itself occurred from the Italian counterpart, in the literal translation of the Golden Apple, since the first fruits migrating to Europe had a crust of golden orange. The planting of tomatoes in Russia began to be engaged in the XVIII century, when the Queen of Catherine II was in the throne. Thanks to the well-known breeder E. Grachev, as well as agricultural A. Bolotov, the cultivation of tomatoes came to the Crimea, Rostov and Saratov province, to the North Caucasus, and next covered by all other areas of the country. Useful properties of vegetable Thanks to the rich crops of fruits and their remarkable taste, the cultivation of tomatoes remains so popular in our days. In addition to gastronomic advantages, this vegetable also has a number of useful qualities: normalizes the acidity of the gastrointestinal tract; reduces the risk of developing oncological diseases; it has an antioxidant effect on the body; promotes to actively update cells. a number of vitamins: A, B, in 6, in 9, 2, K, C, RR, E; beta carotene; fructose and glucose; lemon, apple and wine-acid; salts of potassium, magnesium, sodium, iodine, phosphorus, iron, zinc and some others; antioxidant - carotenoid lycopene. The main physical characteristics of tomatoes Before deciding which tomato varieties to land on their garden, for beginnings, think about how you will use the resulting harvest: cut into a salad, preserve the whole whole, to make juice, lecture or refueling. All varieties of this vegetable can be divided into conditional categories in such characteristics: taste; the size; juit; hardness; skin thickness; ability to keep storage. Based on this data, tomatoes can be described as follows: Large fruits are most often used for salads, so for them the most important are taste. By buying tomato seeds, giving a fine-grade harvest, remember that the best of all these varieties are suitable for preservation in general. For them, such indicators as hardness and dryness are also important thanks to which they retain beautiful view in the bank. Hard types of vegetable with coarse leather have the ability to be kept for a long time - this feature is important if you are engaged in transportation and selling tomatoes. The more juicy and softer you choose the variety, the better it is to use it to extrude juice, processing on ledge, ketchup, filling for borscht. Some species are considered particularly successful for these purposes, these include: "Black Prince", "Brown Sugar", "Black Pear", "Paul Robson", "Mongolian Dwarf". Tomato varieties with description Below I would like to list some of the varieties of tomatoes, highlighting their main distinctive features and optimal use methods: "Budenovka". This vegetable reaches a height of about 70 cm and gives a ripe harvest for 110-115 days from the moment of seedlings. If you want to get fruits as large as possible, you can not do without steaming. Budenovka has a pleasant taste, medium juice and thin skin. It is not adapted to long storage. This variety is most often used in salads, as well as used for production. tomato paste, ledge or closed entirely. "Bull Heart." Refers to medieval species, caused by 110-115 days after the appearance of the first sprouts. The height of the bush directly depends on the conditions ambient. Thus, in the greenhouse, the plant size can reach 1.5 m, whereas in the open ground - only 1 m. The stem has an average thickness and forms many processes, from most of which should be getting rid of, leaving 2-3 stepsing. This variety is unstable to bacterial diseases, fungal lesions, as well as drone spot. To prevent the above-mentioned diseases, you need to process bushes with various drugs, such as phytoosporin. The fruits of the "bull heart" are characterized by soft, good juiciness, thin skin and pleasant sweet taste. From this variety are mainly prepared salads, tomato juices, lecture, refueling. "Lady finger". The growing conditions for this species, as in the previous case, affect the size of the bush. In the greenhouse, the tomato reaches a height of up to 120 cm, on open place - About 60 cm. Palencing and garters in the process of plant care is not required. Fruit shape stretched, weight - no more than 70, the surface is slightly ribbed. Because of the rude skin, "Ladies' fingers" are perfectly stored and used for conservation in solid form. "Pear". This variety is represented in three versions: black, yellow and red. The last two types belong to tall plants. The red pear has tight dry fruits with thin skin, capable of stored for a long time. A yellow variety is slightly softer, contains a small amount of juice, in the torn form begins to deter quick quickly. The black grade of this tomato, in contrast to the first two, has lower bushes and matures a little later than their analogues. Stem I. root system The black pear is quite powerful, the bush is practically not subjected to such diseases as phytoofer and colaporiosis. The processes forms late and in small quantities, almost does not need a garter. This early tomato grade 55-65 days after germination begins to give small fruits, weighing from 55 to 95. They have excellent taste, good juice and thin skin. Used for marinations in solid form along with yellow and red tomatoes. Danko. A red-bearing plant, reaching a height of 55 cm. Tomatoes of this variety have the shape of the heart, they are quite large, their weight ranges in the range of 150-300 g. This type of tomato needs steaming, but it grows perfectly and fruits in conditions of low humidity. Fruits are distinguished by a pleasant taste, suitable for both salads and processing into juices, pasta, ketchup. "Gardener". This tall variety can reach 160 cm in height. It matures 120 days after the first searches and has good yield - up to 9 kg from one plant. The fruits of the "gardener" of the round shape, large and heavy, are located on a bush in the form of a cluster of 5-6 tomatoes. This type of tomatoes are little susceptible to diseases, and also has excellent taste. "Irma". This tomato grade ripens about 100 days after landing and does not need step-in. The height of the bush is small - up to 60 cm, the fruits of medium and large size. These tomatoes have a solid flesh, a small juiciness, strong skin. The variety is kept for a long time, it is great for whole-fuel canning, marination in own juiceCooking autumn salads. "Miracle of Light." This type of tomatoes was named so because of its unusual appearance: yellow fruits, in the form of lemon resembling lemon. "Miracle of Light" refers to tall plants and reaches 3 m in height. It is distinguished by rich crops, on the lower branches of the bush can ripen up to 30-40 small tomatoes weighing up to 80 g. From one plant you can get 12 kg of fruits. The taste of this tomato is good, slightly sweet. Tomatoes are excellent for all-air canning. In the fresh form, this variety is useful to those who suffer from the increased acidity of the stomach. "Cardinal". This plant wants to allocate among other varieties of tomatoes for open soil, because it will carry out the temporary decrease in temperature without any problems. "Cardinal" is characterized by large fruits weighing from 150do 300 g. The pulp of tomatoes has an average juice and a small amount of seed. The fruits are strong with delicate skin, have excellent taste, but are stored for a short time. Most often, this variety is used in salads. For whole-fuel canning, it does not fit, but it turns out good pasta, lecture, puree. "Raspberry giant." This popular variety of tomatoes is recognized as one of the best varieties Tomatoes. The giant bush reaches 1 m in height, the plant needs moderate step-down and mandatory garter. Mature fruits appear on 105-110 day after landing, reaching weights from 200 to 600 g. The pulp of this variety is very tender, soft and juicy, thin, the taste of tomato is beautiful. This species is stored for a short time, but it is an excellent option for summer salads, suitable for canning in the form of juice, ledge, ketchup. "Cameo" refers to early varieties, matured for 98 days after germination. The bush of this species is low - 35-45 cm, the yield is high. This type of tomatoes has round smooth fruits weighing 90-120 g. The plant is resistant to the phytoofluoride, septorize and cold. Tomatoes are good for salads and canning in their own juice. The "royal gift" refers to the secondary grades and matches the day 110-120 after sowing. The height of the plant reaches 1 m, the stem is meaty, with a small number of steps. Poor tolerate cold and sharp change in temperature, subject to various diseases, in connection with this, it is necessary to carry out the processing of seeds before planting. The fruits of this variety have a weight from 200 to 500 g, slightly decomposed, ribers, pink colourDifferent with excellent taste. Tomatoes are excellent for salads or canning in the form of tomato juice. Tomatoes include K. dietary products, because 100 grams of juicy red pulp is only 23 kcal. It is due to its low calorieness, this vegetable is present in many well-known diets. Tomatoes can be used to prepare healthy fresh salads, vegetable casseroles, soups and many other things. Contraindications to the use of tomatoes There are a number of diseases in which it is not necessary to abuse this product in their diet: some violations in the work of the liver and gallbladder; urolithiasis disease; addiction to allergies; arthritis. Read more about tomato varieties for open soil can be found from the video:

Types of tomatoes are conventionally divided into two main groups on the power of growth, and the main agricultural techniques that need to be carried out for the successful production of tomatoes for a successful production of tomatoes are determined from the type of grade to one or another group. Let's figure out what the intederminant tomato or determinant means, and what kind of bushes formation schemes are more suitable.

Types of Tomatoes in Growth

Tomatoes (Solánum Lycopérsicum) are perennial herbatous plants Family families, and in nature can continuously grow like lianas. Wild-growing views in their homeland (South and Central America) are deployed by the available zones, dried on the ground. The growth force of such Lian is not limited. Through a long selection (selection), cultural forms were obtained, in which growth is limited, and this has achieved a significant arrest of fruits. Thus, tomatoes are divided into the following types:

• tall, or intederminant - plants of unlimited growth;
• white - Tomatoes with limited growth;
  • superwhercial - low, sometimes even dwarf plants;
  • determinant - bush tomatoes with an average growth force;
  • seventerminant - pretty high tomatoes over average growth.

It is on the specifics of plant growth that the technology of cultivation is selected, so we will dwell on the features of the agricultural engineering more:

What does the intederminant tomato mean in terms of growing and care

Intenerminant varieties of tomatoes are often called plenty, tall, liananoids, as well as tomatoes of unlimited growth. They are successfully grown both in the open and closed soil. In plants of the infelkerminant appearance after the formation of the first inflorescence over 9-12 sheet, the stem continues to form at the expense of the side escape, which is extended from the sinus of a sheet that is under the inflorescence.

As soon as the third sheet of this escape appears, the inflorestection is laid again. And from the sinuses of the sheet under the inflorescence, the continuation of the continuation with three leaves and inflorescence is reappeared. And so further and above continues the growth of the plant. Well, for such a continuous bookmark of inflorescences and fruits, naturally, you need good roots, so we prefer to grow tomato seedlings without dive. Determinant varieties SEEM in wide peat pots, and tall - in liter tetrapates.

SEW Lyanovoid tomatoes for two weeks earlier than the rest - this is another difference in the cultivation of inteterminant and determinant varieties of tomatoes - they usually non-earneeredBut the return of the crop is more uniform and long (in the soil - to the most frosts). And in the greenhouses, the varieties of this species are fruiting continuously for 4-5 months from the moment of laying the first brush. And so that they do not dramatically turn out the limited area, they are easy to form in one stem. For clarity, the location of the leaves and inflorescences of tomatoes of different species can be designated in the diagram:

a) intenerminant; b) superberminant; c) determinants; d) semi-penerminant types of tomatoes.

What does the determinant variety of tomatoes in terms of agrotechnology

The varieties of tomatoes with a limited growth type differ from tall in that their main stem is driven, that is, it stops his height after booking 3-5 inflorescences (the figure is approximate, varies greatly depending on the variety). Between the infloresions there is less than 1 or 2. It happens that inflorescences are laid one after another if a good sheet apparatus is formed and roots are well developed.

The return of such varieties of tomatoes is more friendly, and plants spriplodes. They are grown in order to receive early yields in a short time. Inside this group of tomatoes, 3 forms can be distinguished:

Superwatermenant varieties

Plants are developing into a small branched bush, and all shoots end with inflorescences (drip). Thus, only 2-3 brushes are formed on the main stem, and vegetative growth stops for a long time. We, for example, dwarfs in the ground almost do not sit down, but grow at home on the windowsill in winter. Only a couple of Siberian breeding a couple of Siberian selection are kept on the garden, too unprofitable to give a place for such tomatoes.

Superweetov has a second, more weakened (Hmm, wildly sounds, but it is really weakly expressed vegetation) a wave of growth. They emit sprouts after ripening almost all the fruits of first flowering. The first inflorescences are laid after 7-8 sheets, and alternate after each next leaf. Sometimes inflorescences follow one after another. Varieties of this subgroup the most early, And the return of the crop is happening quickly. That is, in 3 weeks, almost 90% of all fruits matures.

Determinant varieties

Plants cease growth after formation 4-6 brushes (sometimes more). But the second growth wave comes significantly earlier than that of superwatermen. The growth of shoots is expressed more strongly, and comes immediately after the formation of fruits in the first brushes.

The bookmark of the first inflorescence begins after the 8-9th sheet, and the subsequent - mostly through 2 leafs (less often - after 1). Detterminant varieties ripen just a week later superbates, and the recoil period of harvest is more stretched. Thus, it is more profitable to use in greenhouses than the varieties of the previous subgroup - useful area is rational.

With short term growing, the following schemes of formation of plants of determination of tomato varieties are used:

With long-term cultivation, plants form the determinant varieties of tomato in one stem (see schemes). In both cases, the arrow indicates a reserve continuation escape, but in the option b) additionally left a short continuation escape under the first inflorescence.

Seventerminant varieties

Seventerminant plants are driving after education 8-10 and more inflorescences. That is, they have almost unlimited growth. And although the tomatoes of this group are very lateVestThey often become pets of the family - the size and taste of the high quality of the highest quality. In plants, the first inflorescence is put forward over 9-10 sheet, and the subsequent - after 2-3 sheets.

Briefly we reviewed types of tomatoes and ran according to the schemes of the formation of bushes. But the formation of tomatoes requires more detailed clarification for beginner vegetables, so we will definitely return to this topic. Subscribe to the announcements of articles, then you will learn how to regulate the load of plants of determinant varieties so that they do not stop in growth, and whether to quench tall tomatoes.