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Warm water

At the end of the summer, when the nights become cold, pepper should be covered again.

Get rid of the Tly will help the following solution: on the bucket take 200-250 g wood ash and poured with water, the temperature of which is + 50 ° C.

Manure activates the growth of stems and leaves, which comes to the detriment of fruiting, therefore it is made under the previous culture.

The pepper roots are located in the surface layer, so the loosening is carried out on a small depth (up to 5 cm) simultaneously with the extracting of plants and weeping.

During the flowering period, the following solution is used as feeding. On a barrel of 100 liters take:

Next reception - stepsing. There are no more than 5 top shoots on the plant, which further harvest is formed. The remaining steps are removed.

- Room pepper, also called Mexican. Its fruits are distinguished by an incredible hardware, and the green parts of the plant are at all poisonous, so in the apartment where little children live, such a plant is better not to keep. If there is no one in your house to accidentally enjoy bright burning fruits, be sure to get capsicles on my windowsill, because it looks very impressive!

Then transplanted B. open sad.​

1. To avoid pepper diseases, provide plants with calcium and potassium when disembarking into open ground.
2. Sweet Bulgarian pepper is one of the most popular and healthy vegetables, which is used in fresh form and in stew, boiled, pickled and canned. The cultivation of sweet peppers at home is a painstaking, but quite feasible business. If you wish to get a fully natural product, peppers are grown from seeds.
3. The temperature is about 25 - 30 ° C. When watering cold water, the pepper can stop growing, and the period of fruiting will be drawn up.
4. After disembarking pepper seedlings to the ground, she needs some
5. It is possible to protect the plants from the spider tick using the infusion of crushed garlic or bow (200 g) and dandelion leaves (200 g) on \u200b\u200bthe water bucket.
6. Good pepper neighbors can be called basil, bumium, coriander, onions, velvets. The last three plants are good as protection against Tly. But a nasturtium can serve as a Tley. The bumium helps protect against wind.

And remember the mulching, which will give additional protection against the drying of the soil and keep the growth of weeds. Only the mulching of peppers is recommended after the soil warms, as this culture is thermalized.

fB.ru.

Where is the best to grow pepper - at home, in a greenhouse or in the open soil?

5-6 kg of chopped nettle leaves, coltsfoots, loft, dandelion, plantain;

Original solutions

You can do without pinching the main escape, but steaming is a mandatory event especially in a hot rainy summer.

A compact bush with thick foliage is completely covered with small wax peppers of bright red and orange. The varieties with multi-colored fruits are especially valued - yellow, red, burgundy, purple and orange pecifices grow on one bush. In addition, fruits may vary in size and form: pointed, stupid, rounded, conical, pear, cylindrical, curved, smooth short and long. Beauty and flowers of different coloring, which appear not only in May, but also throughout the summer, together with bright fruits, adding beauty to the plant.

However, further cultivation in the greenhouse is best suited for pepper, since this vegetable culture does not like ventilated areas and feels more comfortable in a windless warmth place, besides, the temperature is less than +18 degrees for peppers is undesirable.

Effective soil protection and saving it nutrients - Mulching.

• Selection seed and preparation for sowing
• After each watering the soil you need
• Time to adapt

Solutions insist at least a day. Before use, it must be mixed and strain. To increase the efficiency of the solution, it is recommended to add up to 30-40 g of liquid soap, but in this case it is better to look for an organic soap, in which the minimum of chemicals. These solutions are safe for plants and humans, so it is possible to spray pepper at any stages of growth and the development of vegetable culture. Poor neighbor pepper - beans. It is advisable to avoid their neighborhood, since they have a common disease - an anthracota (with this disease, soft black spots are formed in the fruits).

Growing pepper at home to the strengthened seedlings

Additional pollination of flowers

10 liters of overworked cow manure;

Growing pepper in the open soil requires some care. Pepper care is to create the following conditions:

What to choose: Growing pepper in a greenhouse or in beds?

Video about growing acute peppers

Video Pro Growing Pepper

Adjust the thickness of the film in the greenhouse, depending on the temperature conditions and create conditions for venting the greenhouse.

To select more viable seeds, we pour them into a slightly salted water and choose those that found themselves at the bottom of the tank. For disinfection, they should withstand them for 20 minutes in the solution of manganese, and then - 12 hours in the aloe juice. Sowing seeds produced in February in drawers with prepared soil.

Spectacular, but burning "Mexican"

Jumble. Usually pepper adapts to new habitat for 10 to 12 days. During this period, seedlings look painfully and sluggishly, practically does not grow. This is normal. The root pepper system, damaged during the transfers of seedlings, is restored and carries out in a new place. To help pepper seedlings to adapt to new conditions, it is necessary to slightly explode the earth in the well. Such a shallow (3 - 5 cm), surface loosening ensures the influx of fresh air to the roots, as a result of which the seedlings are rapidly rooted in a new place. The appearance of naked slugs will prevent regular loosening and soil treatment with dry mustard or red pepper (1 h. Spoon per 1 m2). Still helps mulch from straw, because it is tough.

Pepper can affect the same diseases as others vegetable crops Parenic families: tobacco mosaic, phytoofluorosis, muced dew, various rotches and others. The causative agents of the disease are bacteria, mushrooms, viruses. Conduct in dry windless weather by light shocking choplars with blooming plants.

10 tbsp. Spoons of ash. Temperature modeAmong Russian vegetable breeds are popular

If you decide to plant pepper seeds yourself, instead of spending on finished seedlings, grown breeders, pour bags with seeds of different varieties prepared by soil and suitable containers or boxes. The cultivation of pepper seedlings includes hardening and germination of seeds, sowing them into the soil, daily spraying with warm water from the sprayer and feeding (2-3 times before dive). Enough rapid seedlings are diverting from a common container into small pots.

orchardo.ru.

Growing pepper in open soil

Peppers, like eggplants and tomatoes, sit on a new place every year.

How to sow the pepper? Landing in the ground seedlings

To destroy soil crust. If this is not done, there is a risk of filling the root system of pepper as a result of insufficient oxygen intake.

Water seedlingsPerhaps that's all. Now, dear readers, it is time to consolidate the knowledge gained on the cultivation of peppers in the open soil in practice.

The most common pepper diseases are: sparing ("black leg") and a disease of withering.

Border

Peppers need care

Barrel is poured with water. The contents of the barrel are stirred, insist for a week and is used for irrigation (1 l per plant). The remaining solution can be filled with other cultures.

Optimal to grow pepper is the temperature +20 ... + 25 ° C.Room Pepper Ogonek

In the cold regions, seed landing should be started from the end of February-early March. Because at this time sunlight plants are not enough, you need to additionally foresee artificial lighting And to extend, thus, the light day for seedlings. After 12 weeks from the moment of sowing seed seeds, the pepper will be ready for planting to the greenhouse.

That's all the recommendations on how and when to plant peppers. Observing them, you can get a good harvest at the end of the season. Dno plastic or cardboard box It rises with a film and a crowded egg shell, falling asleep with a soil of mixed in equal parts of peat, turf and humus. Small rows are formed, the distance between which 4-5 centimeters should be, and seeds are seeded to depth 1-2 cm. Plants need freedom, so there are 1-1.5 centimeters intervals between seeds. Attachment that appeared, it is necessary to provide light and protection against direct sunlight. When the first sheet appears, the plants should be signed in the prepared container. After that, you need to pour the landing of 1% solution of manganese, to cover and put into a darkened room. After a couple of days, re-put seedlings to light, providing a moderate watering without feeding. In good weather you can start harding seedlings, making them in the afternoon on fresh air.

• Pepper In the first days after disembarking in the ground, it is necessary very carefully to not overdo it with watering. The rapid roots may not cope with plenty of water and contracted. At the same time, the soil drying cannot be allowed. The best option is daily, but gradually moisturize the soil in the stem area, pouring 100 to 150 ml of water to each plant. The first real watering of pepper seedlings is carried out no earlier than a week after landing in the ground.
• Details created: March 31, 2014

The "black leg" amazes mainly pepper seedlings. To combat it, it is usually enough to adjust the temperature and humidity. Bulgarian pepper has fragile shoots that are easily broken, so they are tied up to spickers. And there are tall cultures around the bed around the beds that create scenes and protect the landing from the wind.

• During the period of fruiting, another solution is used. On a barrel of 100 liters take:
• At + 13 ° C and below the peppers are covered with film or special material. The appearance of lilac shades in the fruits indicates a violation of the temperature regime.
• Known as its high yield. The bush can be covered with red peppers, you can often meet on kitchen windows - its fruits are used in food as burning seasonings.

In the photo Growing pepper seedlings

This earlier vegetable pepper did not require any care, calmly grown in the form of weeds in the central and South America. Perennial pepper shrubs called scientists "false berry", and to this day are found in their historical homeland. It is from them by long breeding experiments a friendly Bulgarian pepper was obtained, a very whimsical plant with delicious, fragrant fruits was obtained.

• Pepper - landing in the ground. When and how to do it?
• If in advance

Before blossom

After planting seedlings of pepper into the ground must be provided to her correct careOtherwise, all your efforts to prepare seeds to sowing

Fading disease is observed in adult plants. It happens three species: bacterial wilt, verticilla (verticilliotic) withering and fusarious wilt. Disease is manifested in changing color sheet plates, dropping leaves and taking the stem vessels, which ultimately leads to the death of the plant.

Problems when growing pepper5 liter of bird litter;

Watering

What is comfortable room pepper - the care for it is quite simple. In summer, it is enough to provide a rich watering and regular feeding with a plant, and in the winter it will need to be placed in a cool room with a temperature of about +20 degrees and reduce watering. After harvesting in the fall, the capsicum needs to be transplanted into a new land, trying not to damage the root system, with the onset of spring, the bush carefully cuts up to stimulate its further growth. Since the peppers grow well and fruit only in a soft climate in the absence of a strong wind, and also love Higher temperature and humidity than tomatoes, growing pepper in the open ground is undesirable. Larger crop and harmonious taste will rather succeed in achieving, leaving the peppers for all summer in the greenhouse. In addition, in such favorable conditions, the peppers do not necessarily assemble, just ripe it, - you can wait a little more, while the fruits get rich color and bright taste.

Growing pepper at home is the process of time consuming.The landing in the open ground is carried out at the end of May. By this time, the plant has more than 10 leaves and several flowers. If spring was cold, it was better to install a greenhouse from metal arcs and rods, securing them with twine and the film to the film with the possibility of regulation depending on the temperature - pepper spokes up on the ventilation. The landing is made in the prepared soil, compost, nitroammophosphate is introduced into it. In the holes of the size of 30x60, abundantly wounded with 1% solution of manganese, peppers are planted, which are then murached peat.

To mediatePepper should be watering 1 time per week at the rate of 10 - 12 liters of water to 1m2 soil. In hot weather, peppers need to water twice a week.

1. Prevention and control measures are primarily in the acquisition of high-quality seeds and seedlings, the fight against pests and weed plants, the observance of crop rotation, removal of patients.
2. The main problems faced by gardeners when growing pepper is:

10 l cow's rewind manure.

Watering is desirable to carry out rain or weathered warm water by sprinkling. The water temperature used for watering should be +24 ... + 26 ° C.

Hello, dear readers! So, the seedlings of peppers are grown, planted in the ground and even grown. What's next? I propose to learn more about the peculiarities of the cultivation of pepper in the open ground, as well as what care is necessary to provide peppers to obtain a rich harvest.

It is possible to grow pepper seeds in a greenhouse, if you provide suitable conditions: prepare a wet compost for planting, maintain temperature at + 21 + 24 degrees and optimal humidity, equip additional lighting to create a 14-hour day day for seedlings. Care of the seedle is carried out in the same way as at home - with a delicate watering, feeding fertilizers (desirable liquid) and picking into individual pots.

Diseases and pest pests

Beginners of vegetables will have to be patient and hardworking to achieve a good harvest from their seedlings. But where is the best to grow pepper: in the garden, in a greenhouse or house on the windowsill?

The surface of the earth with a film, peat or sawdust, which for a long time retain moisture, will not cause soil overproofing, and they will be required less often.

During flowering and fruiting

Landing seeds and growing seedlings will go to the Nammark.

Tlla, mites and slugs are a wearing stalk, foaming of leaves, flowers and wounds. Possible reasons: Increased air temperature (above + 32 ° C), moisture deficiency in the soil, as well as lack of light. The barrel is also poured with water, the contents are stirred and insisted 4-5 days. The resulting solution feed pepper (5-6 liters per 1 m2).

The watering scheme depends on the stage of plant development:

To begin with specific requirements. Pepper (and sweet and acute) is extremely light and thermal-loving culture, very demanding soil moisture. Pepper does not tolerate both dryness and soil mois.

What are the varieties of pepper for greenhouses fit best? Choose early grade 80-120 cm highs, then on one square meter it will be possible to plant from three to five compact bushes and get a lot of fruits. The lowest varieties of pepper begin to be fruit early - from mid-July, and continue to give a good harvest until mid-September. In Russian climatic conditions, the following early grades are good: Victoria, Health, Tenderness, Swallow, Winnie Pooh, Kolobok. For film greenhouses, new grades F1 are suitable for film: Snow White, chanterelle, Pinocchio, and for glazed - Ilya Muromets, Red Bull, Othello, Yellow Bull, Elephant.

In the photo Peppers

During the growth and flowering period, which falls at the end of June, it is necessary to feed peppers. Two weeks after disembarking, they should be supported with a cow, during flowering - diluted ash, and after 3 weeks, containing calcium and potassium fertilizers. After the formation of the zones, it is necessary to resolve the amount of fruits by cutting off small fruits to reduce the load on the plant. The crop of peppers are collected in July-September.

During flowering, tie and filling fruit, pepper needs additional feeding. From June to August, peppers make several root feeding every two weeks, using alternately weak solutions of organic and complex mineral fertilizers. In May and August, spraying pepper by the humate sodium effectively.

garden4u.ru.

Pepper care after disembarking seedlings in the ground and before harvesting

Peppers watered under the root 1 - 2 times a week, depending on weather conditions, at the rate of 12-14 liters of water per 1 m2 of soil. If you have the opportunity to come to the site only on the weekend, the pepper is better to water from the calculation of the water per 1 m2 of soil and divided this rate for 2 days (8 liters per day).

Usually, pepper seedlings are planted in the ground 10 - 30, when the threat of spring frosts passes. However, it is impossible to exclude the possibility of frosts and should always be on a check, because pepper seedlings are very sensitive to them. If there is a threat of a sharp decrease in temperature, it is necessary to pour soil with warm water (about 35 - 38 ° C) and The main pest pestsStop growth and flowering, no wound. Possible causes: Low air temperature (below + 13 ° C), watering cold water, lack of light.

Pepper Care in the first days after landing in the ground

During the season, 4-5 root feeders are carried out, which are carried out on wet soil. The interval between them should be at least 10 days. Before the start of flowering - 1 time for a week, in hot weather - 2 times. The irrigation rate is up to 12 liters per 1 m2. For the cultivation of pepper in the open ground, the soils of the following types are most suitable: sandy, medium divided, floodplain and chernozem, having a light mechanical composition and a weakly acidic or neutral environment. Sour soil pepper does not like.

The conditions of the Russian climate cannot be called ideal for thermal-loving vegetable plants, therefore, the cultivation of pepper is produced in three stages:

Pepper - landing in soil and care. Tips for gardeners A couple of days before the feeding, peppers are slightly watered with water, as root feeders need to be done on a damp soil. Fertilizer solutions should be warm (about 25 - 30 ° C). With insufficient watering

Slow seedlings film​.​

Watering pepper on a garden

The formation of curve fruits. Reason: incomplete pollination of flowers.In addition, in the period of flowering and fruiting, dry flickers of wood ash are carried out using 1-2 glasses of ash for 1 m2.

During flowering and fruiting - 2-3 times during the week. The irrigation rate is up to 14 liters per 1 m2.Formation of pepper

Do you want pepper on the windowsill grow round year as decorative indoor plant? Then you should choose at home seed seeds and grow seedlings,

Pepper is a rather demanding culture, and it is possible to get a harvest only with appropriate care. Gardeners with experience are achieving excellent results without problems, but newcomers often have difficulties in growing pepper. It often happens that strong healthy bushes give 2-3 fetus not the very best quality or binding is falling out without visible causes. But so I want to collect pepper buckets, so that it is juicy, big, fragrant! In fact, it is not so difficult to achieve a good harvest, you only need to carefully examine several important rules of agrotechnology of this wonderful culture.

When going to grow pepper in the open soil, first of all you need to choose the right grade. The period of vegetation in pepper is very long, and even in early grades, the first fruits ripen days after 100 after the appearance of germs. Therefore, in order to have a harvest, you need to pay attention only to early and secondary varieties. In addition, the climatic features of their region should be taken into account. For example, in the south of the country, the pepper of different maturation terms is successfully grown, since the conditions there are the most favorable, and in the northern and eastern regions top scores Show mainly cold-resistant early varieties.

The shape and size of fruits also matter. For stuffing and canning it is worth choosing varieties with cone-shaped small fruits, large thick-walled fruits of a cubic form are more suitable for fresh use.

If you are going to grow pepper for sale, take a look at the hybrids of Dutch selection: they are cold-resistant, early and friendly ripen, less often affect diseases.

The novice gardener is difficult to understand the abundance of varieties, so the most popular and reliable are below:

Preparation of place

Select and preparing a plot for pepper follows from autumn. Qualitatively prepared soil is a guarantee of normal growth and fruiting plants on next year. Perfect place - beds from the south side from home or household buildingsIn the mild shadow of the afternoon. Such a location provides protection from the wind, and from the burns of the leaves in the July heat. Do not land pepper where tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants and other grained cultures have grown over the past three years. Bean and pumpkin cultures, cabbage, fringe, siturats are considered the best predecessors of pepper.

Preparation of beds for peppers

Soil for pepper should be neutral or weakly acid. On the beds with a sour ray plant for a long time of transplanting, weakly develop, almost do not bloom and do not fruit.

Tip! Check the acidity at home is very easy: you need to take a little land and moiste with ordinary cutlery. If no reaction follows - the soil is acidic and needs lime, if bubbles appeared on the surface - this indicates neutral acidity.

So, if the earth on the selected area is acidic, the lime delivered at the peroxide (1 cup on square meter) or wood ash (1.5-3 kg). If the soil is neutral, it is necessary to make a recoverable organic (from 5 to 10 kg per m2) and switching a garden to a depth of 20-25 cm. In the spring, it is additionally introduced by 40 g per meter of potash-phosphoric fertilizers, the soil is well loose and align.

Growing seedlings

Severy pepper seeds into open soil is inappropriate, plants will not have time to enter fruiting to cold weather. That is why sweets and sharp grade pepper grown through seedlings. The secondary and average varieties are sown around in early February, early - in early March. Note that the overgrown seedlings adapts for a very long time in the open soil, especially if there are already flowering plants.

Step 1. Seeds are immersed by warm water 5-6 hours for swelling. Then lay them on a wet fabric, wrapped and leave in a warm place for 2-3 days until the sprouts will be processed.

Step 2. Mix 1 part of the garden land, 1 part of the sand and 2 parts of the revolted organic, warmed in the microwave or ordinary oven for disinfection. Then, 1 kg of the mixture add a tablespoon of wood ash and mixed thoroughly.

Step 3. Torn potatoes or disposable cups with a capacity of 0.5 l and fill them with prepared soil. You can suck seeds and into a common capacity, but as it becomes closely, the pepper does not like the pepper picking.

Step 4. The proceeding seeds lay down one in each pot, the ground is slightly poured, moisturized through the sprayer. Then the containers are covered with glass or film and put in a warm place. Temperature must be maintained within 22-24 degrees.

Sprouts appear for 2-3 days after sowing. At this time, they need to provide at least 12 hours of lighting, so prepare phytolamba in advance. Film from the pots are removed that the elevated humidity does not destroy tender sprouts. Pepper seedlings are very moderately, only when the substrate begins to push. Water is used only warm and resistant, from cold water Seedlings slow down development.

If there is too dry air in the room, seedlings should be sprayed in the morning (too warm water). After checking the room, be sure to clean the seedlings from the draft, avoid sudden temperature drops. A week after the shootings, the night temperature is recommended to reduce to 15 ° C. Thirsty and hardened seedlings should be gradually hardening. On warm days, when the temperature outside the window rises to 13 ° C, the pepper needs to be placed on an open air, providing wind protection. The first time is enough half an hour, then the time of staying in the air is increased daily. In cold days, seedlings do not endure, since already at 10 ° C plants may be damaged.

Landing in the primer

Before planting seedlings, the beds are stolen from weeds, looser and smash. The wells are made at a distance of 30 cm in the row, there are 60-70 cm. It is necessary to plant peppers in the evening or in cloudy weather, as the daily heat is an additional stress for the plant. Approximately 5-6 hours before transplanting, the seedlings are abundantly watered so that the root system is easier to adapt in new conditions. Water for watering is also prepared in advance: dial in buckets or a large container and put in the sun for heating.

Step 1. In each well, 2-3 liters of water are poured and allowed to absorb a little.

Step 2. Seedlings are neatly removed from the tanks so as not to break up the earthen com. If peat pots were used, peppers planted with them.

Step 3. Plants are lowered in the hole slightly deeper than they grow in cups, sprinkle from all sides of the earth, seal with their hands.

Tip! Pepper is easily overstated, so if you plan to collect seeds, plan different varieties as far as possible from each other. Additionally, it is possible to broadcast their tall cultures, such as corn, sunflower, Topinambury and others. Acute and sweet peppers should also be planted at the maximum distance, otherwise all the fruits will have a sharp taste.

Pepper care in open soil

Watering and feeding

2 days after disembarking, peppers watered and pour out the ground with shallow straw, dry grass or sawdust. In the future, watering plants need once a week until the ovary is formed, after which the watering is raised - 1 time for 5 days. In order not to water so often, you can increase the mulch layer to 10 cm.

Feed the landing three times:

• for the first time, fertilizer is brought 10 days after landing. Used for this bird litter, diluted in the proportion of 1:10, with the addition of 200 g of ash and 40 g of superphosphate by 10 liters of solution. The specified volume is enough about 10 bushes;
• the second time the pepper is fed at the beginning of fruiting a solution of a cow in a ratio of 1: 5 or diluted bird litter (1:10);
• the third time fertilizer is brought during the mass formation of fruits when plants need the most replenishment of nutrients.

By appearance Pepper is easy to determine which particular substances he is missing. If the leaves are dried around the edge, and then twist, it indicates a lack of potassium. The lack of nitrogen is expressed by the mattiness of the leaves, the presence of a grayish shade. In addition, the leaves become small. But when an overlapping nitrogen is beginning to fall off the wounds and flowers. A rich purple color of the back side of the leaves indicates the lack of phosphorus, the marble pattern occurs with a lack of magnesium. Fill it all helps the use of mineral fertilizers, but do not forget to accurately observe the dosage, otherwise all excess will be fruitful.

If the autumn was warm, with the help of another feeding, you can extend the fruiting early varieties. To do this, 50 g of superphosphate is divorced in 10 liters of water, 15 g of ammonia nitrate and potassium chloride.

Loosening

The soil in the aisle should be regularly loosened to a depth of up to 10 cm. The formation of soil crust slows down the development of peppers, causes oxygen fasting root system. It is best to carry out loosening on the outflow after irrigation, while the earth is still quite wet. If the mulch is not used, the loosening is carried out under the most bushes, but very carefully, since the roots are located very close to the surface. During the period of bootonization and flowering, each plant is desirable to extinate at a height of 10-12 cm.

Formation of bush

To get large overwhelmed fruits, the plant should remove unnecessary shoots (stepsing). All the processes below the first branching are completely removed, since they only pull the juices from the plant and interfere with fruiting. In addition, it is necessary to cut forward the crown so that each branch receives enough air and light. Too thick bushes form little barring, the fruits grow small and thin-walled fruits.

On average, trimming is held every two weeks, but if summer rainy, the steps will have to be removed more often - about once every 10 days. Pruning is desirable to combine with loosening soil to disturb the plant less.

The shoots from pepper are quite fragile, and any careless movement can damage the stalks. To avoid this, it is recommended to tie tall grades to supports.

Diseases and pests

This culture is subject to phytoofluorosis, white and vertex rot, tobacco mosaic and some other diseases. Best way Fighting with them is prevention and proper care. Compliance with the landing scheme, timely thinning and trimming, the right watering, the removal of patients with the beds will help you keep fitting healthy and get a crop in full.

From pests effectively acts dusting of wood ash rustic. It is necessary to do this at least 5 times per season, preferably in the morning clock while the leaves are wet. The spraying of pepper also helps garlic infusion. Slugs that do not mind to enjoy fresh leaflets are collected using traps or scare saline, lime, mustard, pepper powder, filled with rustles.

Video - Pepper: Growing and Care in Open Ground

Video - Pepper seedlings landing

Video - Formation of the Bush Pepper

Kira Tsekolova

Pepper care in the open soil provides for the implementation of certain recommendations. Their compliance helps to strengthen the plant and achieve a high harvest.

Temperature mode

Pepper is a thermal-loving culture. It will not be correctly developed and grow at low temperatures. The optimal indicators are from 20 ° C to 25 ° C.

At temperatures below 14 ° C plants suspend growth. With cool weather (13 ° C), bushes are covered with polyethylene film. Education on the fruits of sections of lilac color indicates an unsuitable temperature mode.

Watering

After planting plants, the land is moisturized every 2-3 days, bringing 1-2 liters of water. This contributes to good survival. Further irrigation produce in this way:

• before the start of flowering - once in 7 days, in the heat - 2 times;
• during flowering and fruiting - 2-3 times in 7 days.

In the first case, water consumption should be 12 liters per 1 kV. m., in the second - 14 liters per 1 square meter. m. After mass maturation of fruits make a break. When flowers appear again, watering resumes. The amount of water is adjusted, depending on the type of soil: it takes a smaller consumption for heavy land, for easy - more. Culture needs soil moisturizing when all parts of the plant are darker.

Water is made only under the root so that it does not get on the leaves and stems. The temperature of the fluid should coincide with the soil temperature. Alleged over its number. Sweet pepper does not like an excess or lack of water, so watering is reduced in rainy weather or stop at all. On hot days, the leaves of the bushes fade, but it is not a sign of the need for water.

It is impossible to allow a long drying of the Earth.

When the nights are cold, plants are watered only in the morning. If they are warm, you can make water in the morning and evening. Watering is produced from different sides of the row, alternating.

Loosening and dying

After disembarking on a permanent place, Bulgarian peppers for 2 weeks suspends growth. Culture adapts to new conditions and increases the root system. At this time, it is not necessary to produce loosening so as not to damage weakened plants.

Loosening

Swimming is recommended after 2 weeks after a transplant. The depth of ground sealing should not exceed 5-10 cm in order to avoid damage to the surface root culture system. For the soil with a heavy structure, you can loosen on a greater depth, it will help to heat well and warm the ground.

Soil loose after each watering and rain. At the same time waiting for it to dry a bit. It is impossible to form a dry crust.

Weeding

Plant care includes regular weed removal so that they do not suppress peppers. The bushes are plunged until the stem. The procedure helps to activate the growth of culture, an increase in oxygen access to the root system, prevents the development of pathologies. Such actions provide a good harvest.

Mulching

Mulching promotes moisture delay in the soil. Weeds under mulch do not develop. But this can be done only after the soil warming up.

Pasteing and formation of bush

W. bulgarian pepper Remove the bottom shoots (the exclusion is the non-relaxing varieties). The procedure is performed throughout the summer using scissors. It is better to crop steps in hot weather for rapid wound healing. You can lubricate their charcoal.

When most fruit rooted, pinpoint plants and delete inflorescences. Vegetables of them will no longer have time to mature, they will only take part of the power.

Compact coat of pepper do not require formation. It is necessary to carefully follow the growth of severe varieties. They remove unnecessary shoots and those growing inside the bush. Pruning is carried out with the purpose of additional lighting, since the thicance does not contribute high harvest. Large varieties require garters to spicks to prevent plant breakdown.

Podkord

Compliance with the rules for the care of sweet peppers when growing in the open ground involves its stimulation. Throughout the growing season, the culture is fed 3 times:

• The first making of fertilizers produce 2 weeks after planting plants into open ground. For this purpose, a solution of null-grade is used, which is prepared in a 1: 5 ratio. Instead, it is possible to use a solution of bird litter in the proportion of 1:10. This fertilizer is also used: 1 tbsp. l. Carbamide, 1 tbsp. l. Superphosphate, 10 liters of water. Under each bush poured 1 l.
• The second time is fed during mass flowering. This fertilizer is used: 40-60 g of superphosphate, 150-200 g of wood ash, 10 liters of water. Consumption - 1 l per plant.
• The third time feeding is brought during the period of mass formation of fruits. To do this, use a solution of a cowboy or bird litter. Mineral fertilizer can be prepared: 2 h. potassium salt, 2 h. Superphosphate, 10 liters of water. 1 l liquid is poured under 1 bush.

Diseases and pests

The process of care for sweet peppers includes prevention and control of diseases. Most often, culture amazed:

• blackleg;
• bacterial, verticilla, fusarious wilt.

To prevent them, it is necessary to observe the crop rotation, buy high-quality seeds, to make a weeding on time. During infection, sick plants are removed.

Each gardener seeks to get a good crop of fresh vegetables on their beds. And the main place in this list is occupied by southern plants: tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, eggplants. Pepper care in the open ground just as care for the other thermal-loving cultures is to create a specific microclimate in which it will grow comfortable.

The secrets of growing pepper in the open ground are to comply with the exhaust technology and observing the development of plants. To cover additionally beds with peppers or ventilate a greenhouse, feed the fertilizer or dip landing - the appearance of the plant unmistakably tell me what he lacks.

Biological features

To collect a good crop of sweet pepper in the Russian conditions, you need to know the features of its growth and development. It was possible to grow pepper in the open ground. It became possible only after removing stable varieties and hybrids that carry low temperature, its oscillations and an insufficient amount of heat without loss of yield.

Such varieties appeared in Russia in the early 70s. They were a bit, but they were universal, they grew well in all climatic regions: from Moldova to Siberia.

Important! The active promotion of peppers north and east contributes to the emergence of new underfloor materials, the availability of a variety of greenhouses and greenhouses, the removal of stable varieties and hybrids.

Pepper is perennial shrub with sharp or sweet fruits. In the harsh conditions of our climate, this culture is grown as annual. In terms of ripening of fruits, early, medium and late varieties have.

How to properly care for planting peppers, you can learn by studying biological features and developed by agrotechnic.

Plant heat-loving, good yields It turns out if either a bed with temporary film shelter. During the whole period of growth, peppers requires a temperature from +20 ° C to +30 ° C.

This is a short-day culture. With a decade-hour lighting day, the fruits ripen two weeks earlier than with a 14-hour illumination.

The dryness of the flowers and the umbrella affects the dryness of the air, they fall on the heat. For high humidity Fungal diseases are rapidly beginning to develop on pepper. The optimal humidity of the air for the development of the plant is 50%.

The popularity of pepper can be determined by looking at the list of varieties in the state market of plants of the Russian Federation. They are already more than 700 and about half - hybrids.

Important! All F1 hybrids differ from varieties by a shorter period before collecting fruits, accelerated harvest, highly adaptable to unfavorable climate.

Agrotechnology of growing seedlings

Before starting planting seeds, you need to decide on the variety. In addition to maturation time, they are characterized by many parameters:

• height and branchiness of the bush;
• resistance to diseases and weather changes;
• yield;
• painting fruits and their mass;
• wall thickness and juiciness.

Choosing in the open soil, it is necessary to give preference to the zoned varieties of early and medium ripening time.

Agrotechnics of the punch consists of conventional stages:

• preparation and landing of seeds in seedlings;
• care of seedlings;
• disemboding in open ground;
• watering, feeding and loosening;
• protection against pests;
• harvesting and processing.

Land

In the store you need to choose a suitable land for planting seeds. It can also be prepared independently. Mandatory condition - loose, air-permeable and moisture permeable structure.

In Earth, there must be a breakpoint presence:

• sand;
• peat;
• sawdust.

A mixture of squeezing earth is prepared, peat and sand in the ratio of 1: 2: 1.

Seeds

To obtain a strong and sustainable seedlings of the seeds before planting, it is necessary to prepare. In firmly salted water, viable seeds are selected, which are lowered to the bottom. Then they are soaked for an hour in the raspberry mortar, killing a mushroom infection, from which adult plants suffer.

In front of the seeding in the soil, the seeds are lowered into a solution of microelements and growth stimulants, for example, Epin Extra. is 60-70%.

Seeds should be planted in individual cups or in the cassette cells. Pepper roots are poorly restored after damage and do not like transfers. Seeds are planted at a depth of 1 cm, between plants - 2 cm, between rows - 3 cm.

Sit down in necessarily wet land in mid-February for greenhouses and in mid-March for greenhouses. The land is closed with a film and shoots appear after 3 days. Temperature for must be + 25-28 ° C.

Seedling

IN middle lane Russia pepper is grown only through seedlings. This is due to the long vegetation period. Even early varieties It is necessary at least 90 days to the fruit tie. In addition, the earlier the peppers begin to give the harvest, the more the fruits can be collected. Like a long-term culture, pepper fruits without stopping to frost.

Basic requirements of seedlings:

• high temperature + 20-25 ° C;
• sufficient illumination with a short day. Seedlings are closed with a lid from 19 o'clock in the evening to 7 am, creating the desired length of the day artificial day;
• timely watering when drying the soil, which must constantly be wet. Pepper is very poorly restored after the soil of the soil, is delayed in the development and fruiting;
• sufficient feeding with a weak solution of complex fertilizer with trace elements;
• hardening before landing in the ground.

Without picking seedlings is ready for transshipment into the soil in 45-50 days, with a picking - after 60 days.

Claim seedlings begin 10-14 days before disembarking in the ground, gradually catching up to the temperature outside the window. Seedlings that are grown in optimal conditions And passed the hardening, perfectly carries out in a new place. During the day before transplanting, seedlings are sprayed with epic extra or zircon to remove stress from transplantation, enhancing protective properties and increase yields.

How to grow viable, healthy and strong pepper seedlings, today, is not a secret. We grow it mostly at home, on the windowsill and loggias. The main thing is attention to the plant, its appearance and developmental speed.

Open ground care

Pereparnikov on the garden in the Greenhouse in the middle of April, under the film shelter - in mid-May.

How to care for peppers in the open soil, described in detail in many manuals, magazines and sites. In addition to standard care, there is a care that is in the procedures:

• glaze;
• feeding;
• weeding and loosening;
• protection against disease and pests;
• landing taking into account the crop rotation;
• the care of peppers in the open soil has several features.

With a large green mass of a bush, pepper has weak urine roots. Therefore, it should be located in a place, protected from strong winds, otherwise the plants are Poliagut.

Be sure to touch the pepper of high grades, to disembark it with high plants: corn, sunflower, Topinambury. We are tied up every escape by fan to a grind or peg.

Pepper is self-polished plant, he does not need insects to form barriers. However, during mass flowering in dry weather it is worth shaking bushes for better pollination.

Pepper bushes form in 1-3 stem. Paging side shoots, you can form an empty bush. We certainly remove the crown flower, which is formed first in the center of the plant. - not a prerequisite, but it gives an increase in the yield by 30%, and the number of fruits increases by 2 times. The scattered bush shall give the soil and protects it from overheating.

Self the best seeds Collected from a crown flower, he is left if they want to grow their seeds. The largest and juicy peppers grow on the four lower tiers of the bush.

Watering

The main condition of abundant harvest is sufficient watering. Under the pepper should be constantly wet and loose soil. The roots are located superficially, so it is necessary to loosen a shallow. The pepper on the dipping of wet ground speaks well. Extra roots grow out of the stem, which not only increase the area of \u200b\u200bfood, but also strengthen the bush in the ground.

After planting seedlings, it is watered daily warm water. After rooting the plant three times a week 2 liters under the bush.

The ovary on pepper grows first in length, then in width, and the walls of the fetus thicken at the end. If not sufficiently remain thin.

When rewarding the roots will not be enough oxygen. Pepper can get fungal infection or neglect. The loose land, which ensures the passage of oxygen roots, is a very important condition for normal growth for the plant. Mulching, loosening and emphasising of wet land - Mandatory techniques in agrotechnics of vegetable.

Making fertilizers

Behind watering should be a feeding. Three main feeders are carried out after rooting seedlings: during flowering and with the beginning of fruiting. If this is enough, the plant develops normally, no extra fertilizer to pour under plants. For fertilizers, the infusion of litter, manure, ash and solution of mineral fertilizers is suitable.

If the summer was cold and cloudy, pepper roots cannot provide it with sufficient food. Weak, yellow, in the spots of the leaves will be prompted that the plant lacks nutrition. In such cases it is necessary to apply extra-corner subordinate List.

Important! Sheet subordinate Can very quickly deliver food to develop a plant in an unfavorable climate.

Spray the leaves in a warm but cloudy day with microelements with a solution, boric acid, ash, superphosphate, urea.

Care does not represent difficulties. The recoil of the crop goes to the most frosts until the plant dies from low temperatures.

Conclusion

The cultivation of pepper in the open ground brings not only benefit when receiving a long-awaited crop, but also the pleasure of growing amazing Plantswhich accompanies a person on all continents. This piggy bank of vitamins, due to the efforts of breeders, has greatly changed its appearance.

Instead of red 50 gram fruits, we can collect violet, orange, yellow and chocolate giants weighing up to 400 grams. However, no one wants to change the taste and smell of vegetable. Bright sweet-spicy taste and harmonious aroma are quite suitable for pepper admirers for over 500 years.

Sweet pepper is a very popular culture among vegetables.

And this is explained to many.

It contains a lot of useful vitamins and minerals, the number of which exceeds tomatoes and eggplants, and in the content of ascorbic acid, it is generally no equal.

Pepper will decorate any dish on your festive table, give him an exquisite taste and fragrance.

This plant grow and get delicious fruits is easy if you comply with all agrotechnical events.

Features of sweet peppers that need to know when cultivation

• The peppers negatively affect the differences of night and daytime temperatures, as well as moisture drops.
• Insufficient lighting of culture, especially during the formation of buds, poorly affects its development.
• There are varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper. The best option Your choice will be a hybrid, as it is more crops, more resistant to diseases and has beautiful, smooth fruits.
• For cultivation of culture, smooth, sunny, windless sites are most suitable.
• It is necessary to prepare the land for the peppers immediately after the preceding culture is harvested.
• You also need to know what fertilizers and when to enter.

Features different species Soilto be taken into account in order to not be disappointed in the resulting crop:

• What needs to be done to improve the fertility of the Earth, if on the section of the subline soil?

  To do this, you will need the following components: swinging sawdust, peat or manure. All of the above must be made in certain quantities. The manure requires one bucket, peat two, sawdust is also one.

• What needs to be done to improve the fertility of the Earth, if on the plot of clay soil?

  To improve such lands, it is necessary to take the sand of a large fraction and the same overworked sawdust, each of them on the bucket, mix and deposit into the soil.

• What needs to be done to improve the fertility of the Earth, if on the site peat soil?

  During the predominance of such lands, it is necessary to add such components as: turf soils and humus. Each of them is taken on the bucket, mixed and entered into the soil.

• What needs to be done to improve the fertility of the Earth, if on the site of sandy soil?

  With such soils, the following substances are added: peat or clay soil, about two buckets and one bucket of sawdust are added to them.

As it should be right prepare the soil For sweet peppers, list all the steps:

• The first thing you need to know is that the land under the planting of culture is beginning to prepare immediately after harvesting the culture of the predecessor, that is, in the fall. Ideal of them are: cabbage, cucumber.
• In the autumn period of the soil preparations contribute organic fertilizers Together with minerals. But before this it is necessary to harrow or shallow soil plowing.
• But if suddenly it turned out that you did not succeed in helping the land in the fall, it can be done in the spring. In the same way and the same fertilizers.
• After making everyone required fertilizers The earth is drunk. At the same time, it is necessary to immediately make the beds on which culture will grow. The height of which should be 25-30 cm.
• And the last thing that is being done is, it is already ready-made beds watered with a solution prepared by their water of one bucket and 0.5 liters of a cow.

After the measures taken to prepare the Earth, it can be used to plant pepper.

And hybrids of sweet pepper, which you can try for landing on your site: "Agapov", "Atlant", "Barguzin", "Alesh Popovich", "Bogatyr", "Bonus", "Victoria", "Vitamin", "Dar Caspiani "," Dobrynya "," Yellow Bouquet "," Green Miracle "," Ilya Muromets "," California Miracle "," Bell "," Cornet "," Pioneer "," Gift Moldova "and many others.

When choosing any of them, you must decide for yourself, in what purpose you are going to use pepper.

Culture seedlings can be grown in three conditionsand briefly about them:

• IN room conditions. This seedlings are best spaced on the windows or balconies, if there is not enough light, you can also paint artificially. Water used for watering should go back for several hours. Feed room seedlings twice. The first time when leaves appear, and the second time two weeks after the first feeding.
• In greenhouses. In order to get high quality seedlings. It is necessary to use biofuels, that is, hot manure. This seedlings can be raised with picking and without it. The best option to grow seedlings will grow it in the pots that are installed on the greenhouse soil and water. It is necessary to feed the seedlings at least two times.
• In greenhouses. In ravage, the seedlings are easier than in the greenhouse. In such conditions, the seedlings growing in pots can be taken out to the street for the procedure for hardening. In the greenhouse, the seedlings are conducted by mineral fertilizers once or twice.

Features of planting culture

Since sweet pepper is characterized mainly by a long vegetation period, the appropriate method of the culture landing will be ease.

When landing seedlings need to take into account the distance between them. Optimal option It will be 45-55 cm.

A suitable period for the seedlings will be the last number of May or the first decade of June. Since it will be full of confidence that spring frosts will no longer come, and the culture will not get out. Optimal time The day for such a process will be evening, and you can also highlight a cloudy day. Thus, culture is better adapting to new conditions and is less injured.

In the afternoon, it is impossible to plant seedlings at all, especially if it is a very hot day.

Before boarding, you need to prepare small holes with a maximum depth of 50 cm. On the bottom of the holes pour out some ash and humus, and then install seedlings and fall asleep.

For faster adaptation of the plant to new conditions, they must hide or film or other material. After the culture takes on and rooted in the ground, the shelter can be removed.

In the first days of the life of the plant, it will look lifeless and sluggish, even if you often watered it, but it's not worth worrying, it is quite a normal phenomenon. After ten days, Culture will live in and start growing intensively. In order for seedling, it is better to make it necessary to conduct everyday soil looser.

When planting a culture, you need to install pegs immediately, then it does not injure it. It is necessary in order to tie the culture in the future and provide her normal growth without floors.

An important role in the life of the culture plays the planting plant. For the formation of a stronger and branched bush, you need to make the crest of the top. This process is carried out when the plant has reached at least 30 cm.

If you decide to plant several varieties of peppers. It is better to do it at a certain distance from each other. Because there may be resellers of cultures among themselves, that in the future it will not really affect the taste of pepper.

What must be observed when courting for sweet peppers?

There are many diseases and pests that can harm the plant. That this does not happen to carry out preventive measures. In the fight against them can help folk remediesSo and funds that are sold on the market.

Also growing in the neighboring culture can provide protection for their neighbors. For the prevention of every two weeks, the plants can be watered with a solution, but the main thing is not to overdo it.

It is also necessary to pay your attention to the timely watering of culture, on the binding of it from the extra floors, on beating and removing weed vegetation, as well as on the introduction of various kinds of frozen plants for better development.

Watering cultures is very important. With proper moisture, the plant will grow well and develop. The soil must be constantly moisturized. But it is necessary to monitor atmospheric precipitation. If they are abundant watering at all should be excluded, and if not very, then from time to time it is necessary to water the culture.

It is best to moisten the soil in the morning, with cold nights. And if not, watered fashionable and day. The water temperature should not be cold so as not to harm the plant. Before irrigating, it is necessary to carry out a small soil looser, it is carried out in order to have a crust around the culture.

Feed Plant is needed in several stages:

• The first stage must be carried out after two weeks of planting culture in an open area. For this event, you need to prepare a special solution consisting of carbamide, superphosphate and water. By connecting all these components, they are thoroughly stirred and poured 1 liter for each bush.
• The second stage must be carried out during flowering plants. For this event, it is necessary to prepare the following solution consisting of carbamide, superphosphate and potassium sulfate and water. All components are mixed and brought under each bush.
• The third stage must be carried out during the appearance of the initial fruits. For this event, it is necessary to prepare the following solution consisting of potash salt, water and superphosphate. All components are stirred and poured under each bush, in two receptions.

To loosen the land under the planted plant must be carried out with extreme caution. Root systems Sweet peppers are close to the surface. In order to not harm the roots of pepper looser, not a scalable depth is carried out.

The fruits of culture can be removed non-fermented and ripened. But when removing them, you can get a bigger harvest.

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