Animals of fresh reservoirs: Animals in the reservoir are everywhere: on the surface and in the thickness of water, at the bottom and on aquatic plants. On the surface run bugs-water meters. In the thick of water float different types Fish: Crucian, pike, perch. On the bottom there are mollusks. The mammals live in the water, Bobo, Ontatra, Otter, and others. Birds, herons, etc.

Slide 16. From the presentation "Inhabitants of fresh reservoir". The size of the archive with a presentation of 1717 KB.

World surrounding grade 4

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"Panda" - who is Panda? Panda, as well as a person loves delicacy. Puzzles. Pandas on the verge of extinction. Panda eats not only bamboo, but also some other plants, as well as rodents. It is necessary to figure out. Addresses from where I took information. Pandas eat bamboo shoots. Big Encyclopedia Animal world. Panda is called a bamboo bear because of the addiction to the spikes and bamboo roots. Answer science does not give. You will enter the zoo and see blackly white teddy bear there.

"" Ancient Egypt "grade 4" - Hoeop's pyramid in Giza. Training began with five years and lasted twelve years. Wears young egyptians white linen dresses. The most ancient pyramid. Travel to ancient Egypt. As a handle, pointed cane sticks were used. Ancient Egypt is a country of riddles. Camels. Pyramids are huge stone structures. Boys studied at school. When a schoolboy learned to write, he was given the trekking of clay dishes.

Khorezm region - Karakulovotia represents the main branch of animal husbandry. Territory 6.1 thousand square meters. km, which is 1.4 percent of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe republic. Inside there are architectural monuments that characterize the era of ancient Uzbek architecture. The local industry is mainly related to the processing of agricultural products. Koskupyr Urgench District (8) - pos. The Khorezm region is located in the north-western part of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

"The main properties of water" - cardboard. Foundation so cold water. Ordinary water. a brief description of The main properties of water. The new property of water is "Memory". Features of mixing hot and cold water. Explore some properties of water. Hot water. Properties of water. We drain the water from both cans. Cover in cardboard. Characteristics of the main properties of water. Movement of water particles. Presentation of work to your class. Molecules are moving faster.

"Lemming" - such a deadly procession is not equal in the animal world. Lemmings refer to the genus of rodents, a family of hamsters. In some lemming in winter, fur is very brightened or whites. What drives animals to a new place - still a mystery. Where are the lemmings go? But there are years when the number of lemmings increases sharply. Coloring monochrome, gray-brown or pedestrian. Food begins missing, and animal flows rush to search for the best places.

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In calf, sunny day pond Missed seems lifeless. His surface is calm, there is no waves or the slightest movement. But look around - this quiet pond is full of life. And if you are afraid among the vegetable saccus, you can fill the school living corner aquarium with dozens of living beings. Watching freshwater animals in the aquarium, you know a lot, about their lives in nature.

Freshwater hydra It is easy to find among underwater thickets in ponds, river racs, small lakes. Hydra refers to the lower multicellular seven-haired animals. In the seas and oceans, she has many relatives - jellyfish, corals, actsia. In the fresh waters of Hydra - the only representative of the intestine animals. To consider the Hypra better, you need to arm a magnifying glass. Its pinkish or brown thin body in the form of an oblong bag length of only 20-30 mm to 1 cm is attached to the plant by the lower end - sole. At the other end of the body, the Hydra is a whin of 6-8 tentacles who surround the mouth of this animal.

Inhabitants of fresh reservoir middle strip : 1 - Komar; 2 - rowers; 3 - watermark; 4 - piva; 5 - dragonfly; 6 - Larvae, dragonflies; 7 - lioninka; 8 - ordinary; 9-water scorpion; 10 - Pond Frog; 11 - Flap leeches; 12-larva mosquito; 13 - Great Triton; 14 - racing; 15 - Golovastic; 16 - Floum; 17 - Floor larva; 18 - cyclops; 19 - crucian; 20 - Verkhovna; 21 - Ranatra rod; 22 - Daphnia; 23-marsh turtle; 24 - Perlove; 25 - larva dragonfly; 26 - Dwarf Somik; 27 - Boyclav; 28 - Flock Flock; 29 - Prudovik; 30 - the larva of the water 31 - coil; 32 - Cancer.

If the hydra is hungry, its body is pulled in full length and tentacles hang down. And on the tentacles there are special spectal ( crazy) Cells. When irritating from these cells, thin cutting threads containing a caustic substance are thrown and constructed into the body of the victim. If the wrapping (cyclops or dafnia) or another small animal will chance randomly tentacles, it will get a blow to blocking threads and will be paralyzed by a poisonous liquid contained in them. When pumping production, the body of the hydra is shortened.

Hydra easy restores Lost parts of the body. Even strongly wounded, turned into rags, it survives. It fears at least a piece of torso - and the hydra will recover. The hydra is multiplied by sexual and killing. She usually kill in the summer. In grown kidney, not yet separated from the parent organism, the mouth and tentacles are already formed, and she herself catches prey. By autumn, men's and female sex cells are formed in the hydra and fertilization. For the winter, all hydra in the reservoir die, and their new generation is already developing no kidney, but from overwhelming fertilized eggs.

Under favorable conditions, the hydra is covered as pink velvet, all underwater items! Such a massive reproduction of the hydrah in fishing ponds is harmful: Hydra eat food fish and can capture with their tentacles not only raches, but also tiny, barely left the caffans of fry.

IN fresh Many diverse worms have a variety of worms among irustic water bodies and among underwater vegetation. Most of them are very small animals, only some length exceeds 20 cm. Most noticeable among water worms of leech. Leecters belong to the ringed worms.

Many are afraid, no matter how the leech did not succeed during swimming. But this fear is unreasonable. In the waters of the middle strip of the USSR, almost all leeches are harmless to humans. Their weak jaws are not capable of contacting our skin. Only a medical leech, found in the south of the European part of the USSR, can suck the blood of a person. It is easy to distinguish in greenish with red sprinkles. The length of such a leech is about 12 cm.

In the ponds and lakes of the middle strip, falcons' leeches are found: brown-colored, no more than 6 cm long, and almost black is large, up to 12 cm long. Flap leeches are a live barometer. Having placed them in a glass jar with water, you can observe how kind of weather changes the behavior of leeches. Before good weather, they are calmly lying on the bottom or leisurely. Before the strong wind, the leech is restlessly blown back and forth. If it will rain in the coming day, they or lie motionless in water, or, half leaving from the water, hanging vertically one near the other. Before the thunderstorms of leeches begin to frightenly and squeeze into the glass above the water or even to the glass cover of the can.

Interesting method movement leech. At both ends, the worm has suckers with which it is firmly embodied to underwater subjects. The mouth is placed on the front sucker. The leech moves like this: it is embarrassed to anything else, bends into the arc, brings the back end of the body to the front, is embrying with the rear end and begins to look for the front new support point. But leeching and swims well, wavely flexing its flat, like a ribbon, body.

Falco leeches most often feed on snails and worms, which they suck or swallow. Eggs do not guard their most leeches. So, a large falcons leech lays cocoons with eggs to crude land at the very edge of "OD, and small sticks them to the underside of floating leaves. The walls of cocoons with a small falconne leech so thin that through them you can see the development of unlucky tiny leeches.

Medical leech is named so because it has long been used by doctors, when the patient's body need to remove some amount of blood. Medical leech in the oral cavity is three sharp jaw plates. When the leech is embrying, these plates cut through thin wounds in the skin. In the intestine of leeches there are large, similar to the pockets of growing, which are strongly inflated when leech sucks blood. For an hour, leech sucks up to 50 g of blood. In its saliva there are substances that prevent the coaling of the suused blood. In the intestine of leeches, blood is digested gradually, and therefore, pumping, leech can remain without food for a long time. In pharmacies of therapeutic leeches are kept in clean water And do not feed at all.

Snail's sink, or, as they are called in science, brochonog mollusk, solid, with one hole below. It is usually spinning at 5-7 revolutions with a spiral expanding the book. Inside the sink is a soft, mucous body of the mollusk. Its most of it can be written out out - this is head and wide, flat bottom "foot", with which snail slides like on ski. If the snail calmly crawls, a pair of sucks and tiny dark eyes are visible on her head.

Most freshwater snails breathe atmospheric air. These include ponds with high, like a tower, sink, delicate physical, which are often held in aquariums, and coils with a sink, wrapped like a brass tube in the same plane.

Protecting on the bottom side of the surface water film using "legs", snail opens the breathing hole and gains air. Under its skin there is a so-called pulmonary cavity, where the air is stored and is consumed with a snail for breathing. There are snail in our reservoirs that breathe non-oxygen atmospheric air, but oxygen dissolved in water. Luzhanka inside the shell is a tender cebris. The little shy when she crawls, the gown is supervised out, like a tiny feather.

In the majority snails Pending eggs are enclosed in a transparent, chattering mass. At the pondovik and physical laying a long, like sausage, the coil - in the form of a cake. Luzhanka has the development of a young occurs inside the body of an adult snail and tiny snail appear on the light. Water snails feed mainly by algae, scraped their small corneum tongue with stones and vegetable stems. In the aquariums therefore even specifically send snails so that they purify the glass walls from algae.

In addition to the buchelichi mollusks - Snails in fresh reservoirs there are bivalve mollusks called seashells. Some of them are very small. Yellowish balls are not more than 8 mm in the diameter; White, similar to Crupinki Mela Makerki - 2-3 mm. The largest seashells in our rivers and lakes - toothless and pegs. On the sandy shallow water, the pelches occur sometimes in a large number.

Usually, the pellove is almost entirely immersed in the sand, and only the rear end of its shell is visible. Mollusk is immobile, only a slight movement of water from a slightly axle shell sash shows that this is a living being. If you touch the sink, the flaps will close, and the water current will stop. While the pebble is alive, it is impossible to reveal its sink: two strong muscles hold the sash closed. But the dead mollusk sash is easily spread.

Sink perchoves Outside drowned and unwashed. Often it is covered with algae, sometimes small sponges are settled on it, but inside the sink, purified from meat, casts a rainbow game of pearl and very beautiful. Between the sinks of the shell in the spacious cavity, the body of the pebble is concluded. On both sides, it is tightly leaned with the sink, two folds of the skin are lying. This is the so-called mantle. Mantle and gentle gills hanging around her and body, like lace curtains, covered with microscopic cilia. The movement of the cilia creates in the cavity, limited mantia, water current. She enters this cavity, wash his boyflock's body and her gills and leaves out again. The continuous current of water brings mollusk dissolved in it oxygen and food. It feeds on the pendant with the smallest particles of dead plants, microscopic algae and infusories.

The pellove moves little, more often at night, and very slowly, at no more than 20-30 cm at an hour. Like all mollusks, it moves with a muscular "leg" having a plow shape. That is why the peclock leaves the trail in the form of a deep wave-like groove.

Our river shells live long - up to 10-15 years. During this time, the mollusk sink increases along the edge and thickened. On the outside of the sink, the rings of growth can be distinguished, and at some skill - even to determine approximately the age of mollusk.

From crustaceans animalsliving in our fresh waters, the largest - ordinary river cancer. Its length reaches 20 cm. Cancer body is clearly divided into the front part - a fusion headband, covered with a brown-green durable shell, and a sealer belief with a wide fin at the end. On the head of cancer, two pairs of mustache. The first pair is short double mustache. These are sense of smell and touch. The second pair of mustache is more noticeable. They are longer than the first. They use cancer only for tanging. Near the mouth of cancer, several pairs are difficult to arranged jaw appendages, which he finely grinds pieces of food so that she passes through his little mouth.

To breast cancer attached Couple culley. Muscles are very strong, and dismiss them if the cancer is closed into the finger, it is not easy. Clashs serve as cancer and to protect against enemies, and in order to keep food before mouth. Claws are special legs adapted for grabbing; When walking cancer, I do not use them. For claws on Cancer Cancer 4 Pair of Walking Feet. At the ends of the first and second pair there are small tweezers. On the abdomen of cancer you can see small abdominal legs. They are continuously moving with cancer, drivening water to the gills under the chest shelter. Cancer is very sensitive to water purity and to the amount of oxygen dissolved in it. In the aquarium, if the water does not change quite often, the cancer quickly dies.

Cancer suits himself at the bottom under a stone or under a cigrier mink and spends all day in it, putting a little long mustache. By evening, he crashes from his asylum in search of food. Feeded with small laid animals, algae, often eats the corpses of fish, snails and worms.

Durable shell protects cancer from enemies, but it prevents it from developing - holds back its growth. Upony, from time to time, cancer lines - the whole drops with itself to be cramped. With great difficulty, he pulls out a claw from his shell and each of its numerous legs. It happens that at the same time they are broken. Having dropped the shell, the cancer is very helpless for some time and can easily become perch or pike mining. But soon the surface tissues of cancer are impregnated with lime, and a new shell appears on it.

Cancer's female All winter, from December to May, wears caviar on the abdominal legs. Little racages, coming out of the cheekbones, remain under the maternal abdomen more days 10-12 and only after that they begin to conduct an independent life. In addition to the ordinary river cancer in our fresh waters, there lives a lot of crustacean animals: various boilers, water wets, branchy-mustache, such as Daphnes, and wearlitic wraps are such as cyclops. These minor wraps are the best fish for fish.

In fresh waters, a lot of varied insects - Various beetles and bugs, and even more larvae of those most insects, which in an adult live in an air environment: dragonflies, swirls, pivots, mosquitoes. Even the caterpillars of some butterflies live in water and feed on aquatic plants. Thus, some insects all their lives, in all stages, spend in water, others live in an air environment, but put eggs into the water and their larvae develop in water.

The life of dragonflies is connected with the reservoir. One of the largest dragonflies in our country is a large rocker. She has blue with brown stains of abdomen and large transparent wings. On the sides of her head, large convex eyes, each of which consists of several thousand separate eyes. This allows dragonflies, like many other insects, such as flies, at the same time see in different directions, to notice prey and well focus with fast flight. His prey - small insects, including mosquitoes, - dragonfly grabbing and devours on the fly, ranging them with their strong jaws.

For masonry eggs, the dragonfly-rocker female falls along the stalk of the plant to the water itself and sticks each egg separately into the underwater part of the stem. The larva leaves the egg to the water. She likes so little on adult dragonfly, which, just saw her life in the aquarium and transformation, you can make sure that the larva and dragonfly are different stages of the development of the same insect. Usually the larva is sitting motionless, clinging to some stem, or slowly moves along the bottom on long and thin legs. Buray coloring makes it imperceptible among water vegetation.

But, seeing prey, the larva throws a jet of water from the intestines, rapidly, like a rocket, floats forward and grabs the prey with his body - a mask. Mask is a strongly developed and movable lower jaw. When the larva in a calm state, the mask is pressed against the head and closes its lower part, like a real mask. In adult dragonflies there is no mask. Dragonfly-rocker larva lives in water up to three years. During this time, she lines several times and makes more and more with each mol. Before the last line, its length reaches 6 cm. Usually in June, for the first time in the life, the larva crashes out of the water and turns into a dragonfly. Two or three months of dragonfly will be worn in a fast flight over the water, catching the prey, to postpone the testicles into the stem plant, and fall in the fall.

Dragonflies and their larvae benefit: they exterminate water insects - mosquito larvae and larvae of the predatory female trap beetles. Adult dragonflies destroy flies and mosquitoes. True, in the fishery water bodies, dragonflies can be brought some harm, as frying fish.

In fresh waters, larvae and pupae live komarov - Ordinary mosquito, malaria, etc. Eggs of an ordinary mosquito is easy to find in the ditch, in a pit with water and even just in a barrel, where they store water for watering the garden. The testicles are so small that they could not be noticed. The mosquito female glues several dozen testicles together, and they float with a tiny gray dam on the surface of the water. The larvae immediately turn out to be in the water. This is tiny, 2 mm long, dwarf creatures. The legs of them, like the larvae of all double insects, no. They swim, convulsively flexing the abdomen. It feeds the mosquito larva with the smallest algae, infusories and bacteria, which can be customized to their mouth with bristles of oral appendages. The larva is growing rapidly. For 5-6 days, she drops her skin three times and the length of it reaches 8 mm. After the fourth molting of the larva becomes a pupa. Unlike fixed dolls of butterflies and beetles, the mosquito doll is also quickly floating like a larva. On her short trouser there is floating, and with each of its impacts, the pupa moves, knitting in the water. The mosquito doll does not eat, it lives with reserves accumulated by the larva. But the pupa is breathing, as well as the larva, atmospheric air and therefore, should come from time to time to the surface of the water. After 3-4 days of the doll, the last time pops up to the surface, and the winged mosquer comes out of it. It is in a hurry to fly away from the water: the easiest blow of the breeze can lose it into the water, and the mosquito is not able to swim.

Ordinary mosquito Refers to bloodstorming mosquitoes. Female mosquito suck the blood of animals and man. Males feed on floral nectar. Among the bloodsowing mosquitoes there are Malari Komar - Anofeles. Exterminating all adult mosquitoes is much more difficult than destroying their larvae and dolls, while they did not leave the reservoir. On ponds, swamps and ditches with water, where mosquito larvae is found, oil sprayed. Its fatty film floats on the surface of the water, clogs the breathing tubes of larvae and dolls, and they die quickly.

But there are such types komarovwho do not suck blood and completely harmless. Fishermen and fans of thequariums know, for example, large red mosquito-dergun larvae - so-called bloodworms. These larvae live, swarming in the orstive bottom of the reservoir. Many in our fresh waters of various beetles. The largest of them is a femoisse beetle. This is the most dangerous enemy of fishing juveniles. The length of his body is more than 3 cm. Plavnets - predator. He attacks every living being, even on fairly large fish. Its main mining - tadpoles, insect larvae and snails. Even a full, he continues to hunt: grabbing prey, tear it with his jaws and leave.

Large empty produces a female in ponds. Under water, the float may be for a very long time: it breathes air reserves scored under the cavity under the outcrows. Floating operation does not stop in winter. Under ice he continues to swim and eat. But the payments only breeding in the summer. The female lays eggs under water in plants tissue, a sticky of each egg to the stem. The yellowish larva of the Floator is even less like an adult insect than the larva dragonfly. She has an elongated black-shaped body and a small head.

Uncontrollable predatoryness The larva resembles an adult beetle. No wonder it is called a water tig. She rushes at every living creature and lifting long sickle jaws in it. Mining - Golovastic, Meld fish or larva of another insect - soon freezes, and the larva of the Floator hangs on his victim and sucks it. Thin jaws of the larvae cannot spoke prey how strong gears of the adult beetle makes it. The larva imparts a caustic saliva into the body of his victim, which dissolves muscles and other organs caught animal, and sucks the discharged food. Adult larva eats a day to fifty headastiv.

With a larva, it is necessary contact Caution. If you take it out of a saccha with your fingers, it dips into the skin with sharp as needles, jaws. In order to turn into a beetle, the larva must pass the stage of the pupa. Before poking, the larva is restlessly crawled along the bottom of the reservoir at the coast itself, then crashes on the wet ground, it is closed in some mink. There she drops the skirt and turns into a doll. By the end of the summer, the development of the beetle ends, and he leaves the shell of the pupa. The first time the young beetle is completely bright and covers of his soft. Only a week later, when they harden, the beetle comes out of his underground cradle and falls into the water.

In our fresh waters live not only invertebrate Animals. In the ponds, lakes and rivers you can see various frogs, the toad. Their casuals are found in fresh reservoirs almost all summer. Spring frogs and toads arrange "concerts" by the water and put the caviar into the water. The warmer, those they are hiking. Golobastics frogs finish their development in water in a few weeks. But constantly live in the reservoirs only Pravanka, the frogs of the pond and lake. An ordinary herbal frog, postponing caviar in water, is removed from the reservoir. Also, only before the start of summer, you can find Triton's pond in their bright spring outfit. And then, until autumn, only Triton larva live in water. They are easily distinguished by branched gills on the sides of the head.

Of presbysey associated with water so; He hunts here behind the frogs. In the rivers and lakes of the southern regions of our country there is a marsh turtle. In nature, it is not so clumsy, as in captivity. In the water, the turtle moves with the striking speed. In fresh waters there are a lot of fish species. Some of them live and develop in the seas and oceans, and the rivers are included only in order to postpone the caviar. But most freshwater fish holds all their lives in rivers, lakes and ponds.

It would seem that a very simple question. However, it is not so easy to answer it correctly. Everyone will say ...

Where there is water - be it a small finished pond or a large reservoir, the inhabitants of the pond will appear. Hardened bees are under the flower of plating grass. Among the leaf of televisers and the pitches, flies of cruise colored colored shapes (goldfish, shubunkins, voualehvosts or telescopes), grabbing food fastened into the water. Here waters are rapidly rushing, hunting insects. And adults, and children live scenes at the Garden Pond will deliver true pleasure.

The water in the garden will quickly gather, first of all, water inhabitants from the nearest county. Already a few weeks after the new reservoir is filled with water, it will appear the smallest living beings and other inhabitants of the pond: beetles (fighters, floats, plasteps) and bugs (children and water meters) - the number of insect nurses is always great. In early spring In the pond, frogs, toads and even Tritons can be climbed to postpone caviar in the water. Frogs are laying off with large lumps, and the toads hang up the mucous cords of beads with icons on aquatic plants. The toad is ordinary, or gray is usually active at night. To the joy of gardeners, she is a big hunter to the lodge. Every year in April-May, the toads are returned to the native pond for ikrometania.

Snail The coil sometimes rises to the surface of the water to update the air in the pulmonary bags. This useful animal scrapes algae flask and picks up the remains of plants and animals.

"Magic Rings" pairing near the pond dragonfly is an impressive spectacle. Especially beautiful bright dragonflies of the rocker. Specialists like a water member cleverly move along the surface of the pond. Due to surface tension, water, like a thin film, withstands the weight of animals. They perceive the smallest shock, hunting, so behind insects.

He will lead to a pond and guests who can cause harm to other inhabitants. So, the beetles of the booms are happy to devour the headastrics and fry fish. Floating - underwater swimmers the highest class. To gain fresh air, it suits the back end of a abdomen with breathing holes.

Handbreads of stones, trees roots and not too pedantic maintenance of cleanliness in the pond will help the new seals to overweight if the pond will not freeze to the bottom.

Fish can also get into a pond independently in the form of eggs sticking to the plumage of ducks, although usually the owner of the pond leads them specially. But keep in mind: Creek in the pond of the fish, you almost do not have this variety of insects. And yet: water in such a pond requires more care.

With or without fish: "Live" pond is always a pleasure from which you should not refuse.

When building a garden pond, you should always keep in mind the following:

Your neighbors are gardening reservoir should not cause any damage.

If children play the garden, arrange special protection to avoid the worst.

The types of animals and plants protected by law cannot be transferred to the garden reservoir from natural habitats.