Velhets (Lat. Tagetes) - Flowers that are distinguished by many species and varieties, among them there are both annual and perennial species. Velhets, or Barhottsy, belong to the class Dwallennaya, ASTERANAE Outwords, AstroCracket, Astrovy Family, Astrovye Face, Barhantsevy's tribe, Barchatz's race.

International Scientific Name: Tagetes ( Linnaeus.).

Although this amazing flower was delivered to Europe in the XVI century, he received his scientific name only in the middle of the XVII century, when Naturalist Karl Linney created a classification of species. A scientist, affected by the beauty of the plant, called him in honor of the beautiful Etruscan Hedgehog of Taguez, who is the grandson of the Supreme God of Jupiter.

The Russian name "Velhets" flowers received because of their petals, the surface of which resembles velvet. This feature is most pronounced in varieties with dark color.

The British call this Plant "Marigold", which means "Mary Gold", the inhabitants of Germany know it as "studentenblume" - a student flower, and in Ukraine these beautiful flowers are called "Chornobrivі", or the Blacks. For residents of China, these flowers are a symbol of health and longevity, no wonder they are called "flowers thousands of years."

Barharians - description, structure, characteristic. What do the velvets look like?

Velhets have a developed urine root system And durable strong upright stalks. Depending on the species or varietal affiliation, the bushes can be both compact and spread-in type height from 20 cm to 2 meters.

Leaves of velvetsets, painted in all tones of green, are peristracted, half-separate or even solid with edges, rugged tooths. On the stem leaf can be placed in the next order or opposite each other (contrary).

The inflorescences of velvets are formed from tubular and tongue flowers, which are widely located horizontally. Depending on the shape and number of petals, the velvets are:

1. Simple (non-none) - inflorescences that have from 1 to 3 row of tongue petals;
2. Semi-grade - inflorescences that have no more than 50% of the tongue petals;
3. Terry - Flowers, which have more than 50% of the tongue or tubular petals. The terry velvets, in turn, are divided into the form of inflorescences for:
   • Anemonevoid (on the edges of the inflorescence there are tongue petals, and in the center of tubular);
   • Navnedic color, or carnation (in inflorescence there are only bunching petals);
   • Chrysanthemumoids (Only tubular petals are present in inflorescences).

The color of the petals of velvetsev can be:

• yellow,
• reddish brown
• orange,
• white,
• citric,
• motley.

The inflorescences themselves have a rather sharp and specific aroma, which remotely resembles the smell of ASTR. The period of flowering velvetsev begins in June and lasts before the onset of frosts. After its end, it is formed and ripens a strongly fuzzy fetus with black and brown or black color. Each such seed box contains many seeds that retain their germination for 3-4 years. 1 gram is usually present from 270 to 700 seeds.

Types and varieties of velvetsev, photo and titles.

According to the database of www.theplantlist.org, there are currently 53 types of annuals or perennial vertexesThe most famous of which are only 3 species (reprehension, rejected and thin colostal). On their basis, breeders brought a huge number of series and varieties. Below is a description of several varieties of velvetsev.

Velhets Personnection (African) (Lat. Tagetes Erecta).

This species includes annual plants with a basic root system. Compact or spreader bushes formed by these velvets have a height from 0.4 to 1.2 meters and a reverse pyramidal form. The main escape is pronounced, the side shoots are watching up. The coloring of the unpaired half-disseated leaves with the tooths along the edges varies from light green to dark green, and they are located on the stem in the next order. Large monophonic, less often two-color inflorescences of velvets of this species can be simple, semi-grade or terry. The inflorescences diameter varies from 5 to 13 centimeters. The flowering period begins at the end of June or early July and ends with the first frosts. Personal velvets are suitable for flower beds, chains, vases, balconies, cuts. The homeland of the parking lot of velvetsev is South Mexico.

Series and varieties of parking velvets: Albatross, Alaska, Antigua, Velvet season, White Moon, Snow White, Glitter, Vanilla, Hawaii, Gelber Stein, Glitters, Golden Flaffi, Gusara, Discovery, Dune, Uncle Stepa, Yellow Stone, Golden Dollar, Golden Light, Golden Prince, Golden Age, Golden Dome, Inca, Kilimanjaro, Cosmonaut, Krash, Crackerjek, Cupid, Lady, Lemon Quin, Lemon Pai, Lemon Prize, Lemon Miracle, Maximix, Marvel, Mary Helen, Beach season, Prima Gold, Spanned, sun giants, Taishan, Titan, Trulli, smile, fantasy, cracker, popsicle, amber lace.

Barchatts deviant (lat. Tagetes Patula).

Synonyms - French velets or velvets finely color. This species form perennial plants With numerous reprehensive and highly branched stems whose height ranges from 15 to 60 centimeters. Side shoots rejected. The peristracted dark green leaves of a small size with the saw blades are formed from several shares of a linear lancing form. On the stems, the leaves are located both in the next and opposite. Single, as well as the baskets of these velvets assembled into the shields, are growing up to 4-6 centimeters in diameter. The form of inflorescences can be simple, semi-level or terry. In addition to the velvetsev with a monophonic color, a variety of two-color varieties are derived. The most intense bloom is observed during July and August. Start blooming in early June. Motherland of rejected velvetsev - Mountains Mexico.

Series and varieties of rejected velvetsev: Aluminum, Bonanza, Brockade Yello, Gabi, Harmony, Hero, Gullebrand, Jolly Jolester, Disco, Durango, Carmen, Red Cherry, Cross, Fight, Bolero, Capricious (Chalking) Marietta, Little hero, Mandarin, Mercedes, Coetta, Orange Flame, Guy, Pascal, Petit Harmony, Petit Gold, Prosperity, Grow Red, Safari, Striptease, Tiger Eyes, Fireball, Chika, Playing Marietta.

Capricious maritte variety.

Velkhattsy narrow (thin-filled, Mexican) (lat. Tagetes Tenuifolia).

From these annual plants are formed low, gustany, compact bustle bushes, the height of which can be from 20 to 50 cm. Straight naked shoots have light green color. Light green small leaflets of peristracted shaped shapes, which are located in the next order, are formed by narrow shares with rare cloths. Abundant blooming flares are collected from simple five-point baskets, the diameter of which ranges from 15 to 30 mm. Coloring of inflorescences monotonous or two-color. Thanks to the strong-shooter stems, the entire plant has the appearance of an almost perfect ball. This type of velvetsev begins to bloom in early June and finishes flowering with the first frosts when the temperature drops to 1-2 ° C. Narrow velvets are used for flower beds, borders, chains, vases and arrays. The birthplace of narcotic velvets - Mountains Mexico.

Series and varieties of thin-filled velvets: Gnome, Golden Jam, Golden Ring, Golden Gem, Star Light, Star Gloss, Karina, Red Gem, Lulu, Mimimix, Fire Stars, Ornament, Paprika, Starfyer, Starfyer, Ursula.

Variety ornament.

Grade Tangerine Jam.

Grade lemon jewelry

Other names of this species: Mexican Estragon, Spanish Tarkhun, Sweet Marigold. This is a perennial recreational plant with bushes with a height of 40 to 80 centimeters. Narrow green leaflers with a length of about 7.5 centimeters are reminded in shape of a natural estragon leaves. Single-colored golden plates of velvets Simple shapes in diameter do not exceed 1.5 centimeters. The radiant velvets bloom from the beginning of June to the end of September. The leaves of this plant are collected and used in fresh and dried form as a replacement of etragona, and a beautiful food dye is obtained from dried flowers.

Decorative, pretty powerful plant, 90-120 cm high, with shutter shoots and dark green leaves. The form grows in Texas, occurs in the territory of Mexico. Velhets have a very pleasant aroma of citrus fruits with a light fruit-musky note. Flowers of this type of velvetsev are often used as a spicy supplement to fish and meat delicacies or as a fragrant accent in baking.

The second name is lemon velets. In the wild, these perennial velvets found at the end of the 19th century are growing in the mountainous areas of the United States (in the canyons of South Arizona) and in the north of Mexico. The bustle of the velvetsets reach a height of 120 cm, the leaves of the plant are length from 5 to 15 cm, the diameter of numerous yellow flowers is approximately 5 cm. The plant exudes the aroma resembling the citruses and mint with the bare notice of the camphor. Sometimes the smell of this plant is compared with the smell of mandarins. The velvets attract many butterflies that are constantly circling over the flowers.

The plant with a height of a bush from 8 to 50 cm. In the wild, this species grows in the steppes, on the slopes of rocks, in pineage and oak forests, it is rapidly feeling on corn fields, growing there as weed. Everywhere meets on the extensive territory from Mexico to Costa Rica. A bush has a pronounced anise aroma, the plant is rather unpretentious to the quality of the soil and easily transfers drought.

The type of velvetsev, with a height of a bush from 50 to 180-200 cm. The length of very fragrant dark green leaves varies from 5 to 20 cm, the diameter of rather small flowers does not exceed 15-25 mm. The leaves have deeply dissected edges and are located on the stem oppositely. Small velvets grow in the USA and Mexico, Brazil, in Southern Europe (France, Spain, Italy, Romania), in the south of Africa, in China and Japan, in India and Libya, in Thailand and Turkey, in Australia and New Zealand.

Classification of velvets in height of the bush.

Floriculture use a classification in which the separation is conducted at the height of the plant, the form of inflorescences and their coloring.

In height of the bush distinguish:

• Giant velvets (90-120 cm);
• Tall (high) velvets (60-90 cm);
• Average velvets (45-60 cm);
• Low (low) velvets (25-45 cm);
• Dwarf velvets (up to 20 cm).

Giant velvets, varieties, photos and titles.

These include plants that reach heights from 90 cm to 120 cm. Most often, the velvets giants are found among the reprehensive plants. The most famous varieties of giant velvets:

• Gold Dollar (Gold Dollar) - Early annual hybrid grade without flavored velvetsev. The variety refers to the reprehensive velvets. Bushes are dense, shoots strong and thick, 0.9-1.2 m tall, with quite large light green leaves. From the first decade of June to the appearance of frosts, they are decorated with terry baskets of medium-sized inflorescences, a diameter of from 7 to 8 cm. Inflorescences resembling their shape of the carnation consist of red and orange-red petals.

• Lemon Quen (Lemon Queen) is beautiful lemon velvets with rather high (up to 120 cm) bushes. Inflorescences of light yellow or golden color, with a diameter of up to 9-10 cm. It blooms abundantly in July-August.

• Orange - the busts of the velvetsets of this variety reach 1 meter in height. Large (up to 15-17 cm in diameter) Orange inflorescence of a terry type is pleased with the eyes from June and to the first frosts, ideal for cutting - stand in water 2 weeks.

Tall (high) velvets, varieties, photos and titles.

The height of the bushes ranges from 60 cm to 90 cm.

• "Yellow Stone" (Gelber Stein) - Sort-one-air, forms a bushes with a height of about 70-80 cm. The plant has beautiful dense yellow-colored inflorescences. Diameter of velvetsev up to 15 cm. The plant begins to bloom in early June.

• Frylz (Frills) - the bushes of this late varieties of velvetsev grow up to 80 cm in height and up to 8 cm in diameter. In the last decade of July or at the very beginning of August they appear large, terry, carnation-shaped inflorescences - baskets, which consist of tongue petals of saturated shades of orange and golden color. Flowering since the end of July to the first frost.
• "Lemon Prince" (Zitronen Prinz) - A straight plant forms high (65-80 cm), straak-shaped and rather dense bushes. On the dark green shoots of this variety is visible a pinkish flare. The terry cloves of the velvetsev are quite large - 8-10 cm in diameter. When they are completely revealed, they become similar to lemon yellow balls. Flower velets of this variety from June-July to September.

• Hawaii (Hawaii) - the reply annual plants are compact bushes growing up to 90 cm in height. From the middle of the summer (from July) to the middle of the autumn on durable light green blooms, large terry carnations are revealed in the form of a hemisphere of orange-colored with a diameter of 10 to 12 cm.

Matterular velvets, varieties, photos and titles.

The height of plants included in this group varies from 45 to 60 cm.

• Among the white reprehension velvets of medium height, perhaps one of the most beautiful is the variety Kilimanjaro (Kilimanjaro). This annual hybrid plant forms weak-tangible bushes with a height of 40 to 50-60 cm, with a clearly pronounced main escape. The attractiveness of the grade is explained by large dense-level inflorescences of 7-10 cm in diameter resembling the shape of a ball with an unusual vanilla-white color. Abundant bloom begins in June and lasts before frosts.

• Throughly velvets of this group are represented by numerous varieties, among which the Golden Ring is highlighted, or Golden Ring. Despite the subtle gussonic shoots with narrowly dissected leaves, the spherical bushes of these velvets are quite compact and reach a height of 40-50 cm. Small simple inflorescences are not exceeded in a diameter of 25-30 mm. They are composed of orange small tubular petals in the center of inflorescences and bright yellow, bent down, tongue petals. The flowering lasts from the first days of June and ends with the onset of the first frosts.

Velhets are low, varieties, photos and titles.

Presented by varieties whose height ranges from 0.25 to 0.45 m.

• This numerous group includes a series of "Bonanza", obtained as a result of selection from rejected velvets. Annual miniature bushes in this series have a height of no more than 30 cm. Terry inflorescences up to 6 cm in diameter can be painted in any colors, ranging from a saturated yellow and ending with red-orange. Variety Bonanza Dip Orange "(Bonanza Deep Orange) is one of the most beloved among the flower water. This is a beautiful grade of early flowering, with compact bushes, the height of which ranges from 0.25 to 0.3 m, and the width does not exceed 20 cm. The terry inflorescences with a diameter of 5 to 6 cm painted into a deep orange color.

• A series of dyskovery varieties is removed from the vertical velvetsev. Although small bushes do not exceed 20-25 cm heights. Inflorescences, abundantly covering them, have quite large size and bright saturated color. Many gardeners and flowerflowers grow on their verges of velvets Discovery Yellow (Discovery Yellow)or "Discovery orange" (Discovery Orange). These are annual plants with compact bushes. Soothes with numerous peristrained, sizo-green leaves are littered with large and dense maniform inflorescences of bright yellow or orange. The diameter of inflorescence is 8 cm. The flowering of velvets begins with the first days of June and lasts before the onset of frosts.

Dwarf velvets, varieties, photos and titles.

This group consists of plants, the height of which does not exceed 20 cm. It includes a variety of varieties from rejected, thincase and reprehensive velvets.

• Among the representatives of the rejected velvets are the most interesting series, the battle series (Boy), which consists of one-year varieties with compact branchy bushes with a height of 15 to 20 cm and about 20 cm wide. Parish-disseated velvette leaves growing on side shoots, painted in dark -green color. The diameter of yellow, orange or two-color terry inflorescences, which abundantly cover bushes, range from 4 to 6 cm. The most interesting of this series is the vertex grade "Harmony" (Harmony).It is distinguished by its magnificent inflorescences consisting of middle-colored golden yellow flowers, which are surrounded by brownish-brown tonguecake flowers with fine golden edging.

• Among the thin-colored velvetsers of the dwarf group, the annual Series "Mimimix" was most common (Mimimix). The varieties of this series form dense compact bushes of a spherical shape with a height of only about 20-25 cm. Leaves are narrow, half-disseated, dark green. Inflorescences are simple, with a diameter of about 20 mm, painted in various shades and tones of yellow, red or orange. The velets begin to bloom in July and finish blossoming in the last decade of September.

• Among the dwarfist renovative velvets is very popular "Lunasi Orange" (LUNACYOrange). Its compact bushes reach a height of 15-20 cm. The diameter of the bush reaches 20-25 cm. A distinctive feature of these velvets are dense chrysanthemum-shaped inflorescences of bright orange color.

Types of velvets in the form of inflorescences, photos and names.

On the form of inflorescence and the number of tongue flowers, the velvets are:

• Simple
• Semi-grade
• Terry
  • Anemovoid
  • Navivocol
  • Chrysanthemids.

Below are their more detailed description.

Simple velvets, varieties, photos and titles.

Simple inflorescences consist of not large number Central tubular flowers and one row of tube flowers.

• "Lemon Jam", or "Lemon Jam" (Lemon Jam), - An annual low grade, derived from the selection of thin velvets and reaching 0.25 m. Small simple inflorescences of 3-4 centimeters are painted in gold or yellow, and their mean consists of small bright orange tubular flower .

• The representative of a simple group of thin-filled velvetsev is the "Paprika" grade. It is distinguished by dwarf (no more than 20-25 cm) with strong balls of spherical shape. Peristo-disseated leaflets growing on thin shoots, painted in light green color. These are very beautiful velvets, the period of abundant flowering of which begins in June and ends at the end of September. Simple flat baskets with a bright yellow middle are painted in a flame-red color, and their diameter does not exceed 20-30 mm.

Polish velvets, varieties, photos and names.

For the formation of semi-world velvets, at least 2-3 row of tongue flowers are needed. This group includes:

• The full representative of the rejected velvets of the semi-world group is the Gold Bol variety, or Gold Ball (Gold Ball). Its colorful bushes with strong strong tight shoots and small green leaves can reach a height of 50-60 cm. Inflorescences are simple and semi-marked, their diameter is 4-5 cm. The tubular petals of velvetsev who are in one or two rows are in the center of the inflorescence, painted In bright yellow color with a golden tint. The tongue petals located along the edges have a reddish brown color. This is an early variety of velvetsev: the beginning of their flowering falls on the first decade of June.

• "Red Brockada" (RED BROKAD E) - An annual low-grade variety from the Brokade series (Brokade), derived from rejected velvetsev. The strongwheel, but compact bush grows only to 25 cm in height. The semi-world inflorescence of medium sizes (about 4-5 cm in diameter) consists of slightly corrugated tongue flowers, which are painted in yellowish and red-brown.

Terry velvets, varieties, photos and titles.

The terry velvets are formed by a large number of flowers, both tongue and tubular.

• An example of such a structure of inflorescences can serve grade "Eskimo" (ROPSICLE)Hybrid. it low rise plant With a height of the bush up to 40 cm. Its inflorescences, resembling the shape of the balls, and in color Vanilla-white ice cream, reach 6-10 cm in diameter and delight with its beauty, starting from the first decade of July to the most frosts.

• "Aztek Lime Green" - Very unusual salad velvets (light green) color. Gustomahrone inflorescences have a diameter of 10-12 cm. The height of the plant is 45 cm. The heat is resistant to the heat.

• "Fantastic" (Fantastic) - tall varieties of velvets growing up to 0.7 m and pleasing gardeners with their bloom from the beginning of summer to the first frosts. Large inflorescences with a diameter of 8 to 11 cm are composed of narrow tubular flowers. Coloring of the dense basket can be golden (Fantastic Gold), yellow (Fantastic Yellow) or Orange (Fantastic Orange).

• Strawberry Blonde (STRAWBERRY BLONDE) - Sorce-annual. A low-speed plant with a height of up to 25 cm high, 15-20 cm wide and the average value of inflorescences resembling a clove form. Throughout the period of flowering, baskets can change their painting, ranging from bright yellow and ending with terracotta tones. In addition, the temperature intensity affects the temperature of the air. Under the reduced temperature, the variations occur slowly, but with a high contrast between colors. The temperature rise leads to the acceleration of the process, but the contrast of colors is significantly reduced.

Angreovoid velvets, varieties, photos and titles.

Anemonovoid velvets consist of large tubular flowers located in the center, and framing their tongue colors located in 1, 2 or even 3 rows.

• To such a type of body of inflorescences include varieties of velvetsev durange series (Durango) (Durango) created on the basis of rejected velvets. These are low annual plants with a height of a bush 20-30 cm and with inflorescences of about 55-60 mm. The series includes vertex vertices with golden yellow, red-brown and bright orange color. The greatest interest in the gardeners is the variety of Durance Mix (Durango Mix), which attracts attention to its unusual inflorescences painted in a variety of tones, from yellow and burgundy to motley.

Navitic color (carnation) velvets, varieties, photos and titles.

The navigation velvets consist mainly of the tongue flowers, whose petals are dissected at the outer edge.

• A typical example of such a building of inflorescences can be called vitchants "Carmen" (CARMEN). This is an annual plant forming a bushes with a height of no more than 0.3 m, which are abundantly covered with foliage. Petals of tongue flowers slightly corrugated and painted in red-brown, and tubular central flowers have yellow-orange color. The size of the inflorescence of the velvetsev reaches 50 mm. The flowering period lasts from the beginning of the summer before the beginning of the autumn.

• "Black velvet" (black v Elvet) - annual velvets derived from small-bedroom velvets. This is a low-rise plant with a height of up to 30 cm with a compact bush, which abundantly blooms small inflorescences with a diameter of up to 6 cm, painted in dark cherry color and framed by thin orange border. Bruising terry, carnation. Flowering velvetsev lasts from the beginning of summer and ends with the onset of frosts.

Chrysanthemum-shaped velvets, varieties, photos and titles.

Chrysanthemum-shaped velvets are almost fully formed by tubular flowers. The bright representatives of this group are annual Zortseli, derived from the vertical velvetsev:

• Taishan (Taishan) - low-colored flowers with a height of about 0.25-0.3 m. From the end of spring to the beginning of autumn, the velvette bushes are covered with quite large inflorescences consisting of wide tubular flowers. The basket size reaches 70-80 mm in diameter. This series includes grades with golden (Gold), orange (Orange) and yellow (yellow) baskets.

• "Vanilla F 1" (Vanilla F 1) is an annual low-resistant hybrid with a compact bush, the height of which does not exceed 40 cm, and the width of the bush is about 25 cm. Large inflorescence is about 7 cm, resembling the shape of a ball, painted in gentle cream White color. Blossom comes to the last decade of May and ends with cooling.

Where are the velvets grow?

Today, the velvets are cultivated in almost all countries of Europe, Asia, Africa and South America. In the wild, the velvets grows in Spain and Portugal, France and Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Poland and Belarus, throughout Russia. These flowers and in India, Pakistan, China, but the largest agricultural area is celebrated in Peru, Chile, Venezuela, Paraguay and other countries of South America, as well as on the territory of Mexico. These flowers are rather unpretentious to external conditions, therefore it is easily transferred to the periodic absence of irrigation, poor soils and even clogs of the space weeds.

Therapeutic properties of velvetsev.

In addition to the beautiful view, which delivers aesthetic pleasure, as well as a pleasant aroma inherent in these colors, the velvets are widely used in cosmetology, therapeutic and culinary purposes.

Throughout the growing season, the plant accumulates essential oil in all its parts, containing several unique components. By the content of some biologically active substances, the velvets are ahead of many medicinal herbs and plants. They contain:

• ocitomen
• apnene
• sabinen
• carotene,
• lutein,
• mirzen
• citral
• pigments
• alchatoids and flavonoids.

Amber-yellow velvetse oil has a pleasant aroma to which the notes of oriental spices and fruits are mixed. The oil from the velvetsev has the following healing properties:

• antimicrobial
• antifungal
• antispasmodic,
• antiseptic
• soothing.

Vegetables petals contain potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, selenium, copper, gold and zinc, as well as vitamins C, A, E, folic acid and rutin.

SPANISH BROCADE variety. How to make oil from velvetsev?

For the preparation of healing oils from the velitans, it should be finely chopped by a green material from stems, leaves and colors, and then pour it with olive oil in a ratio of 1:10. Withstand the mixture in a dark place for 10 days, it is placed on a water bath, after which the resulting extract is drained and filtered. It is necessary to store the drug in a cool place, pre-spilling it into bottles of dark glass. The velvetsev oil is a potent tool, so it is necessary to use it with caution. It helps to reduce blood pressure, contributes to the healing of the wound and eliminates the skin infections.

Infusion of velvetsev and method of cooking.

Thanks to the antiseptic properties of this plant, inhalation with its irons are used for therapy of viral and bacterial diseases of the respiratory organs. Such a procedure can be carried out both with the help of special devices and in the old way over the kettle. For infusions, 5 buds, which are poured with boiling water (no more than 300 ml).

A decoction of velvetsev and a method of cooking.

Pain from arthrosis or other joint pathologies can be reduced if taking brazers from velvetsev. Such an aqueous extract is prepared in large volumes and has a smaller concentration. Prepare decoction of dried or fresh inflorescences. It is enough to take them about 20-30 pieces and insist within an hour. The frequency and volume of the received drug is desirable to learn from the doctor.

The use of velvetsev in cosmetology.

The aromatic and therapeutic properties of the velvetsev have long been used in cosmetology. Extracts of these flowers are part of the spirits and nutritional creams of all French perfumes. In addition, many fine-sex representatives make masks based on decoctions of these colors or nutritional balms from a mixture of olive and almond oil, filled within two weeks on one tablespoon of crushed inflorescences.

Velhets in cooking.

Dried and crushed velvette flowers are used as seasonings known as Imereti Saffron. They give food not only a special spicy taste, but also a beautiful golden color. Leaves and flowers of velvetsev are part of some salads, as well as used for canning vegetables. Marinade, in which a couple of inflorescence added, give cucumbers a special elasticity and make them crispy. The inflorescence of velvetsev is a raw material from which food dyes are produced having a saturated yellow or yellow-orange color.

Damage to the velvetsev and contraindications.

It should be remembered that people who have allergic reactions to active substances that are part of the stalks, leaves or plant colors, as well as women during pregnancy, use drugs, ointments, balms and seasonings from velvetsev is contraindicated.

Velhets: Growing and Care.

Due to the natural beauty of the velvetsev, as well as due to a long period of flowering, they are used for decorative decoration city \u200b\u200bparks, garden sites and houses. The landing site depends on the size of the bush. So gigantic, tall or average varieties of velvetsev are used to decorate the center of the flower bed or the background of the flower garden, and colorful floral curbs form from low-layer plants. Velchatts are suitable for growing in outdoor vases, big pots, balcony boxes and even porridge, and cut flowers can quite a long time in a conventional vase.

The soil.

In Russia, flowerflowers, mainly engaged in breeding inferior, reprehension and rejected velvets. Despite the fact that these plants are rather unpretentious and can grow almost on any soil, the most intensive bloom is achieved on fertile, neutral, driving soils, which are sufficiently fertilized and moistened. To enrich the soil with the necessary minerals and microelements, any of the full mineral fertilizers contribute to it, but not only manure. When creating conditions for the full supply of the root system with oxygen at the landing site, there is a good drainage, which can be used compost.

Temperature and lighting.

Flowers of velvets are thermal-loving plants, so they need to be planted at sunny areas, although the light shadow will not harm them. The best temperature that is needed for optimal vegetation and full bloom is considered to be the range from + 20 ° C to + 23 ° C. Upon cooler temperature conditions, the sprouts slow down their growth, and the leaves acquire a pale green color. The first frosts usually lead to the death of plants. On excessively shaded places, the growth of shoots is accelerated, and flowering is oppressed.

Humidity.

Long-term heavy rains can adversely affect the state of the velvetsev, causing the charges of inflorescences and fungal diseases of the root system, but the drought these plants are transferred quite easily, as they come from solar and arid regions of South America and Mexico.

Methods of landing velvetsev.

Floriculture uses 2 methods of breeding vertices:

• sowing seeds directly into the soil,
• empty method.

Flowers planted by direct sowing into the ground, begin to delight their bloom only in the middle of summer, but the landing of the prepared seedlings makes it possible to admire the beauty of plants in early June.

When to plant velvets?

Dates of landing of velvets in open ground depend on air temperature. Seeding or planting seedlings should be produced only after the night temperature will not fall below + 5 ° C. In the southern regions with a soft and warm climate, disembarking can be started from mid-April, and in areas with temperate climate it is better to postpone the second decade of May.

Greeting the seeds of the velvetsev.

So that the shoots were friendly and strong, planting material germinate. This preparation method is equally used as for sowing seeds directly into open soil and for growing velvet seedlings.

Seeding does not represent much difficulty. To do this, it is necessary to wrap the seeds of the chosen grade into the wetted cloth from the cotton fabric. Then the bundle should be put in a shallow flat saucer and put it in a transparent plastic bag. Now it remains to put a container with a wetted planting material in a warm and bright place and wait two to three days. When the seeds proceed, you can start landing.

Landing the velvetse seeds in open ground.

On a plot prepared for the sowing of the velvetsev, with the help of a chipping, a shallow (no more than 2 centimeters) grooves, in which, with an interval of about 15-20 millimeters, should be laid down the grocessed seeds of velvetsev. After that, you need to fall asleep their soil layer with a thickness of at least one centimeter. With a thicker layer, the sponsors will be difficult to break through, and they may die, and with insufficient powder - just to dry. It is necessary to water carefully and moderately, not allowing both excessive convergence and flushing of seeds from the soil. The first shoots can be observed already after 7-8 days. You can cover the landing site by agricultural or any other nonwoven material (acrylic or Loutrasil). When 2 or 3 of the present leaflet appear on the sprouts, it is possible to break and sear plants according to the varietality, height and width of the bush.

To enjoy blossoming in the last days of May or in the first decade of June, sowing velvetsev at seedlings should be carried out during the period of March and the first half of April. Those who want to grow a few different species, It should be borne in mind that in March, seeds should be seeded by the serve velvetsev, and mellular and rejected - in the first two weeks of April. In this case, flowering will come simultaneously in early June.

It is quite easy to grow a healthy and strong seedlings of these colors, but some nuances should be observed. The best substrate for the extension of velvetsev can be considered a mixture taken in an equal number of humidiation, peat, delicate earth and half of the norm of pure large river sand. To destroy pests and weed seeds that can be in soils, it is necessary to carry out its disinfection. To do this, you can use any fungicide or a dark pink potassium permanganate solution (manganese).

In order not to stagnate water in the substrate, a drainage layer with a thickness of at least 3 centimeters is poured onto the bottom of the planting drawer or container. To do this, you can use fine crushed stone, gravel, crumples or even large sand. Two thirds are added to the drainage from the desired scope of the soil, which is compacted by tamping. The rest of the substrate should be in loose state to root system Seedlings to properly supplied with oxygen.

You should not fill the seedbox or container to the top: from the top of the tank to the surface of the soil should remain 10-20 millimeters of free space. Now you need to shed a prepared substrate with water and give a container or box to stand in a warm room for a couple of days so that the soil reached the desired structure. To remove excess moisture from the soil capacity, at the bottom of which several small holes have been made, it must be equipped with a special pallet.

Before boarding the velvets to seedlings, the substrate surface is needed slightly and with an interval of about two centimeters make shallow grooves. The crumpled seeds need to be decomposed into these grooves every 10-15 millimeters, and then they should be covered with a layer of substrate with a thickness of no more than 10 mm. After that, it is very good to pour the entire surface of the planting, and the container is covered with a transparent material (polyethylene chicken, cover from the edible container, glass, etc.) and are referred to a warm room with a temperature of + 22 ° C to + 25 ° C.

It is necessary to ensure that the soil does not drive, and periodically watering. When the first velvette sprouts appear, the tank with the seedle is transferred to the lighter and cool room, in which the temperature ranges in the range of 15-18 ° C. At the same time, it is starting to "teach" seedlings to fresh air, for which the daily ventilation is carried out. In addition, it will make it possible to reduce the risk of some diseases characteristic of seedlings. If the slightest suspicions appeared that some seedling is infected with a black leg, it needs to be removed along with a lump of the substrate. After that, you should fill the resulting well of fresh soil, and then process all the soil along with the spicial solution of the fungicide.

When the friendly shoots of velvets appear, the shelter is completely removed. During this period, watering is carried out only after the land in the tanks for seedlings dried. Also, should not be allowed to accumulate water in the pallet, so after some time after irrigation, it should be merged with an extra liquid. So that the seedlings grow strong and healthy, it is recommended twice a month to feed them with special fertilizers for seedlings.

If all the planted marriage seeds are going, the sponses will be quite closely in a container or drawer. In this case, the picking will be required. This operation is carried out after a while after watering. In a separate container with the same substrate, as for the cultivation of seedlings, the wells are prepared in which the sprouts extracted with a spoon from the container are transplanted. The landing lead, blocking the plants to almost the cotyadal, which will lead to more intense and abundant root formation. The velvet seedliness readiness signal to the flooring to open ground can be considered 2 or 3 of the present leaflet.

Landing of velvetsev seedlings in open ground.

In the open ground, seedlings are planted in the middle or late May in the pre-prepared soil. For this purpose, the selected area is drunk to a depth of no more than 25 centimeters and put into it complex fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. After that, the soil is reappeared and watering. The number of mineral fertilizers made should not exceed 30 g / m 2.

Waving some time so that the water absorbed into the soil prepare the wells in which the seedlings will be planted. The distance between the wells and adjacent rows of velvette depends on their type and variety. For giant and tall plants, this indicator is equal to 40 centimeters, the average-eligible flowers should be planted after 30 centimeters, but the low-spirited and dwarf velvets are planted after 20 centimeters.

The depth of the seedlings should be such that the root neck of the plant can be in-depth in the soil by 10-20 millimeters. After the root system is neatly placed in the hole, you need to carefully fill the emptiness around the roots and slightly compact the soil. Next, it is necessary to hide the seedlings, avoiding unnecessary convergence. It is noteworthy that, unlike many plants, the velvets are not afraid of getting water on the leaves.

Care for velvets.

Further care for these flowers is rather simple.

• So that the bushes are abundantly blooming, we need to remove weeds and periodically loose the soil not only between plants, but also between the rows.
• Despite the fact that the velvets are unpretentious, making phosphorus-potash fertilizers Character will affect the appearance of bushes, making blossoms more lush. It will be enough for one or two root feeding for the entire season performed when the first buds appear and after the start of abundant flowering. Apply nitrogen fertilizers should not be applied, as this will lead to the growth of escapes and to the oppression of the development of inflorescences.
• In addition, the plant looks lush and tidy, you need periodically delete inflorescencewhich have already been blowing and carrying out the forming cutting of the velvetsev.

In the fall after the onset of frosts, the velvets die. Plants need to be removed from the ground, finely crushed and close in the ground during autumn people. Such a measure will allow the prevention of soil fungal infection.

Diseases of velvetsev, photo and titles.

Like all plants, the velvets can also hurt.

• For example, if the summer was turned cool and rainy, or if the bushes are planted too close to each other, on the leaves of plants and on their stems often appear spots of dark brown. Such a disease is called "gray rot" and leads to the death of not only infected bush, but also can cause the spread of fungal infection to other plants. To avoid this, you need to immediately dig up all the bustz kosses affected by the gray rot and destroy them.
• Excessive moisture can also lead to the appearance slizney and Snails. You can get rid of them using a manual collection or jars with chlorine that needs to be placed between the rows. The sharp smell comes from them by pests.
• In the roast dry summer, especially when watering is carried out irregularly and in insufficient quantities, the plants are exposed to invasion custom tick. You can get rid of this dangerous pest using spraying of bushes with informs special plantsSince the velvets poorly tolerate chemicals. To prepare info, you can use onions, yarrow or red burning pepper. If the infection by the paw-tick has not yet happened, it is possible as preventive measures two or three times a day to spray the bushes with simple water.

It is noteworthy that phytoncides, stalks and leaves contained in the roots, stalks and leaves prevent the development of most fungal diseases not only in the colors themselves, but also serve as excellent protection for those plants that grow close to them. Therefore, many experienced gardeners create peculiar flower borders around planting tomatoes, potatoes or berry shrubs.

Interesting facts about the velvets:

• Personal Barchatz flowers have the ability to pull heavy metals accumulated in the soil, which allows them to apply them to carry out lands in disinfecting.
• The first written mention of the velvets appeared at the end of the XVI century in the fundamental study of the Spanish missionary, historian and linguist Bernardino de Saagun.
• In India, the velets are considered sacred colors, so they sleep the foot of the statues of God Krishna.
• The aroma coming out of leaves, more resistant and sharp than the smell of inflorescences.
• In the language of flowers, which in the era of Queen Victoria was used for a hidden expression of feelings, the velvets meant fearlessness, courage, unparalleled courage and were a symbol of royal lion.
• Residents of Mexico still use plant leaves as a coating or diuretic agent, as well as in the treatment of fever. In food poisoning, the velvets is used to cause vomiting and clean the stomach.
• The aroma emanating from the velvetsev attracts bees, OS, beetles and other pollinator insects, therefore, putting such flowers near cucumbers or other crops, you can achieve a significant increase in crop.
• In the era of the origin and dissemination of Christianity, the inhabitants of the British Islands surrounded the images of the Blessed Virgin Mary wreaths who flew from the velvetsev. Flowers symbolized gold coins.
• According to Orthodox Scriptures, when Maria and Joseph were forced to flee into Egypt, the robbers rose behind them. When the pursuers overtake the fugitives, they took the wallet from them. But how were the gangsters were surprised when, by opening it, they found not silver or gold, but the inflorescence of the velvetsev.
• The indigenous Indians of South America in their tales and legends associate plants flowers with Divine Sunny Light.
• The velvets are grown not only in decorative purposes. There are species that are cultivated for use in the food industry and the production of alcoholic beverages.

Probably hard to find a person who does not know such a flower like a velvet. This bright plant can be seen everywhere - in the squares and parks, in the gardens and near the houses, on loggias and balconies, it pleases with its magnificent blossom until the onset of winter frosts.

Velhets (Tagétes) are fragrant perennials and annuals, which are distinguished by a bright color and long blossom. Petals of these colors collected in terry inflorescences or simple, and can be different shades - from brick-red to light lemon. The height of the bushes is also different - from "dwarf", which are not more than 12-16 cm, to "gigantic", which grow up to 2 meters in height. Due to this species diversity, this flower is actively used in the design of the house and garden sites.

Varying velvetsev: photo and description

Today there are about 60 varieties of velvetsev, the bulk of which is growing in South and Central America. Plants differ in the form of petals and leaves, paint and structure, size of inflorescence. As a rule, the verses are distinguished by recognizable and bright aroma, but today hybrids are already displayed, which do not have a strong fragrance, for example, Gold Dollar grade.

On the continent, Eurasia much popularity was given such varieties., as:

• Tagetes TENUIFOLIA or velvets is thin;
• Tagetes Patula L. or barchatts rejected;
• Tagetees Erecta L. or velvets reply.

Among these varieties are found both annual and perennial flowers of various shapes and heights.

Varieties of low-speed vechatsev

All varieties of this species are traditionally used to design lawns, flower, tracks. Also, they are great in the role of balcony colors and for decoration of flower compositions in pots. Among the low velvets can be found both perennial and annual plants.

Perennial verachattsy

Need to separately mention about perennial varieties of vertexes. Most gardeners think that the vehicles are an annual flower. But some species can multiply by self-sowing. The flower does not need to dig up, the plant itself will throw the seeds and in the spring they will germinate into healthy and full-fledged bushes. Perennial velets can be seen in our region not so often, these are the following low-spirited species as:

• Carmen;
• Orangeflamme;
• Bonanza.

Any perennial plants are good because the summer houses do not need to annually sow seeds and grow seedlings. If you want to avoid unnecessary trouble, then you need to pay attention to perennial plants, for example, for the next varieties.

Grade Bonanza

Refers to the variety of rejected taghetis. Color coloring of this species can be any - from bright yellow to the pestro orange-red. Small bushes grow only up to 20-35 cm. Flower terry, medium size, inflorescence size up to 7 cm. The flowering occurs approximately 3 months after the seed landing, and passes until the first frost. The variety of Bonanzes includes a large range of varieties:

• Harmony;
• Bolero;
• Flame;
• Orange.

Carmen

Just like Bonanza, is the type of rejected velvetsev. The flower as it grows forms a small bush of up to 35 cm in size. Petals have carnation-shaped lush flowers brown-orange with a pronounced yellow color in the middle. The size of each flower, as a rule, is no more than 7-8 cm.

Hybrids and annuals. Photo and description

Almost every year new hybrids and varieties of annual velvets are created, because this flower will never bother you, constantly struggling with its new shape and coloring. Here are some of the most common varieties among low annual plants.

Mandarin

As clearly from the name, this type of velvetsev is characterized by a tangerine bright color. Carnation colors, terry, size 7-8 cm. Are a variety of rejected velvets. Creates a ball and thick bush in size up to 30 cm.

Petit orange

This flower is formed into small bushes (up to 30 cm) with abundant foliage. Buds terry bright red shade up to 7 cm in diameter.

Red gem

Flowers of a spherical view that grow long no more than 35 cm, differ in the peristracted shape of the leaves and thin stems. Inflorescence is small and simple - up to 3 cm in diameter. Color - burgundy red, in the middle of the splashing of a yellow shade. Flowers quite extensive.

Antigua

It is a variety of vertical velvets. Forms small bushes with a height of up to 30 cm. Flowers are quite large, can reach about 20 cm. As a rule, no more than 5-6 inflorescences appear on the bush. Color is unique, you can meet the velvets of orange, golden, yellow shade.

Eyes of the Tiger

These velvets do not exceed 35 cm. The flower has an average size - approximately 6-7 cm in a circle. The color is pretty bright, as a rule, orange, the center of the flower most often has more dark color, rather than the edge.

Kilimanjaro

Complicity of a beautiful pure white colorthat form dense terry flowers. The size of flowers in the middle circle is approximately 6-7 cm. The size of the bushes is about 35 cm.

Varieties of tall velvetsev

High species of these flowers look great in multi-level flower beds, in which flowers are planted different heights. They can be planted in the middle of a round flower beds, along the walls of the house or along the fence. These beautiful flowers will delight your uninterrupted and abundant blossom from May and to the first frost. Among the "gigantic" velvets, such varieties are enjoyed by large love of flower water.

Hawaii

Flowers are severe-in size up to 90 cm. It has navitic color flowers, terry inflorescences and dense, as a rule, orange or yellow. The size of the circumference of one inflorescence can reach up to 18 cm.

Lemon Quune

Pretty high plants that are achieved in a height of up to 150 cm. Covenacide buds, the size of a separate inflorescence reaches 10 cm. Color, as a rule, lemon yellow.

Smile

The size of this plant is no more than 90 cm. This variety is characterized by original color of petals, which combine yellow, orange and golden colors. Directly flowers are small, navitoidal shape, no more than 9 cm.

Glitters

The velvets reach a size of about 120 cm. It has quite abundant flowering. Buds chrysanthemtene-flowered, small size - about 7 cm. Petals of yellow-golden shade.

Mary Helen

These flowers form a thick bush size up to 1 meter. Buds are quite large - up to 12 cm in circle, have a carnation look. Inflorescences of beautiful lemon color.

To decorate yours pricework No need to stop at some one form of velvetsev. Experiment, plant various varieties and types, and then your flower garden will play the brightest colors.

Most flower flowers stop their choice on the velvets, as this plant is completely unpretentious in care - it grows quickly, it is good, it is rarely subject to diseases, it does not need to create a special microclimate. But the cultivation of these colors has a certain specificity, which will also tell me.

Disembarking seeds

Most often, the manufacturers of seeds advise landing velvets in the middle of spring, deepening them approximately a few centimeters. The landing raw material can not be soaked before that, but still it is desirable to do this by taking the seeds into a wet pack or fabric. Sprouts will come up approximately one week.

Seeds of velvets are planted into fertile and light soil. If you do the soil yourself, you can prepare such a mixture:

• 1 part of the peat;
• 1 part of humus;
• 0.5 pieces of sand;
• 1 part of the turf.

Soil is necessary treat mortar manganese either a fungicide for disinfection. Also for seeding a ready-made shop flower land.

Water in boxes for seedlings of velvetsev should not be stuffed, that is, you need to do a drain drainage on the bottom of the container (if it is not) and put on the bottom of the small stone.

Seeds are planted at a distance of 1.6-2.1 cm among themselves, spending small grooves for this. From above fall asleep with a small layer of soil. A week after sowing, the first sprouts will be held. In addition to the above-described method, the seeds can be sown and directly into the ground. This should be done in early June, when the earth warmed carefully. It should be borne in mind that the plants falling into the ground will bloom much later, unlike the velvets, which are planted with a seaside way.

Requirements for light and soil

Velhets planted in open ground after completing all spring frosts. These flowers are quite sensitive to reduced temperatures, because it is advisable to not hurry with disembarking, and wait until the soil warms up.

For this plant is necessary good nutritious primer, suitable neutral and loamy. If the soil is sandy, then it is necessary to make it more dense by adding humid or black soil.

The magnificent of all these plants bloom under bright sunlight, because the place for the landing is desirable to pick a light and open, or a small half-day. When landing, it is necessary to take into account the velvetse grade: high planted at a distance of approximately 45 cm approximately 45 cm, the average - approximately 35 cm, lowered - at a distance of 10-18 cm.

During the growth of seedlings, good watering is needed. But when bloom occurs, watering must be limited so that the root system of the colors does not appear. If the soil is nutritious enough, then the flowers can not be fixed. If the soil on the flower garden is not fertile, then add bait several times for the growing season.

Care for velvets consists in the loosening of soil, weeding and timely watering. If you want to get a good bloom of planted plants, you must certainly remove the blurred buds.

Pests and diseases

These plants are very resistant to various sorts of pests and diseases. Sometimes a gray rot appears on the velets. In this case, the infected bush must be removed so that this disease does not move into healthy plants. In hot weather on the velvets, spider ticks may form. These pests can be neutralized with chemicals, or using folk ways – infusions of bitter pepper either onions.

As you already understood from the article, the velvets are universal flowers that can approach both the design of the interior of the room and for the design of the house and garden territories. For growing, which will not need a lot of time and effort.

Flowers Vitytza

Velhets are bright sunflowers, in abundance adorning many gardens and gardens. Unpretentious and varied, with a whole arsenal of useful and even healing properties, they traditionally are hardly the most popular garden flowers throughout our country. And at the same time, many novice gardeners are wondering: how to grow velvets to get lush bushes with a large number of elegant inflorescences.

Landing of velvets in open groundt.

1. Dates of landing.
As you know, from seeds in the open soil. At the same time, the timing of landing of velvets to a permanent place in both cases is approximately the same. When is it better to plant velvets?

Rechant seedlings of Chornobrvtsev, like sowing their seeds in open ground, is carried out at the end of May - early June, when the stable air temperature is established and there are no night frosts. In the southern regions, as well as with the possibility of creating a protective shelter from a film or agro-fiber, the velvets can be soldered in April.

2. Selection of land and soil preparation.
Before planting velvets, it is important to choose a suitable place for them and prepare it for plant landing. It is worth noting that despite its unpretentiousness, they are best growing on loamy soils with neutral acidity. The main thing is that the soil is loose and breathable. The most abundant bloom is obtained in areas with good lighting, although in the shadow-feast, the blacks also feel good only bloom less.

For a week - two until the time when the time comes to sit on a permanent place in the garden, they need to gradually teach to fresh air, increasing the period of staying containers with seedlings on the street or an open balcony.

Plot for landing is worth switching to the bayonet shovel. For better development of velvets, it is possible to enrich the soil with mineral fertilizers (, for example), evenly distributing them along the flowerbed at the rate of 30 g per 1 l square meter. And he embedded to the ground by re-emptying. But organic and make it undesirable, as they stimulate the growth of green mass at a loss of flowering.

3. How to plant Velhets.
The velvets perennial, landing and care for which, despite the features of individual varieties, is no longer distinguished by great difficulties, plant themselves in the prepared wells. The seedling circuit seedlings depends on the characteristics of the variety and is usually indicated on the packaging of seeds. For low-speed velvets optimal is a circuit of 20 × 20 cm, mid-diluted (for example, some varieties of thin-filled velvets) - 30 × 30 cm, high - 40 × 40 cm. Depth of planting velvets into a ground for 1-2 cm more than they were shuffled to Resetting. The space around the roots is thoroughly filled with soil. The soil is slightly compacted and watered. It is worth reminding that the velvets is not afraid of the leaves on the leaves and rain.

Chernobrring care features

Having understood how to plant velvets, should not forget about further care for them throughout the season. Although the velvets do not require special conditions of cultivation, but elementary concern for them with more than valet in the form of bright and large colors.

The main components of the care of Chernobrbors are considered to be, loosening the soil and the removal of weeds, feeding and the struggle against pests.

During the growth period, the velvets require regular irrigation. But with the beginning of bloom, the amount of irrigation is reduced to two per week, in order to avoid water stagnation and the appearance of rot. In a hot dry weather, evening watering will significantly extend the flowering and vegetation process of the velvetsev. Although the flowers are considered drought-resistant, under the influence of high temperatures and moisture deficit, they are more affected by a spider tick, and they simply flow faster and wither. In the case of cultivation of Chernobrbors in containers, watering in hot weather is carried out twice a day.

The question is "How to grow velvets and do they need a mandatory regular feeding?" Often concerns novice gardeners. In fact, TAGETES is well developing and blooming even without additional stimulation with fertilizers, especially if you press the soil with minerals before planting. But deficiency nutrients In poor soils, reduces the duration of flowering and sizes of inflorescence.

Velkhattsev filtering is usually carried out 2-3 times per season: When the plants are reached in a height of 10 cm, during the appearance of the first buds and at the very beginning of flowering. For feeding use and. It is important to avoid excess nitrogen in the soil, as this will lead to the active development of leaves and stems, but will reduce flowering. The velvets, the cultivation of which is carried out in conditions of limited soil, fertilize once every 10-14 days.

In addition to irrigation and fertilizers, the velvets flowers are demanding regular loosening of soil and removal of weeds, since oxygen access to roots is needed for the full development of the plant. Also it will not prevent remove the shockless inflorescences. It will stimulate the plant to further flowering.

The cultivation of velvetsev and, in particular, care for them usually do not make much difficulty, also because the plant practically does not suffer from pests and diseases. The reason for this is phytoncides contained in plants and manifest themselves due to a specific smell. It is this smell that, as well as substances allocated from the roots, often scare the pests not only from the velvetsev, but also protect the plants neighboring them.

However, under adverse conditions, the black-rings may be affected by gray rot, black leg and bacterial diseases. Often concomitant disease factors are excessive thickening and high soil moisture. In the event of rot, the affected parts of the plant, and then the entire bush should be removed.

Snails and slippers are considered the most frequent pests for velvets, which will fall in wet places, and a web tick. With slugs advise to fight with the help of chlorine, putting the jars with it between the bushes. The best prevention of the web tick is considered to maintain the optimal level of humidity, but if such a problem arose, then it is possible to eliminate it using the Diforary, Luke and Red acute pepper. Growing velvets, it is worth remembering that they do not like processing by chemicals.

At the end of flowering, when the seeds are already collected, and bushes dry out, plants are removed from the site. Often they are sent to the compost pit, so that pests were not divorced there.

It is important in the agrotechnology of the velvetsev to take into account the features of a particular variety. So, for example, the velvets antigua is grown on nutritional soils for the formation of borders and in containers, but they are not suitable for designing water bodies. At the same time, the Vitytsev Tishan variety is less whimsical, it is used to fill the gaps between other plants.

So, the velvets perennial: landing and care, is a question that worries many flower water, which are fans of these solar colors. Today, the most popular decorative varieties of velvetsev grown from seeds in one-year culture, but there are many years of plant species used in medicine and cooking. Velhets in the garden is not only the decoration and protection of less resistant plants from fungi and pests, but also a real find in terms of folk MedicineBecause they have a wide range of healing properties. That is why many are striving to give up and accelerate bright inflorescences, and after flowering, the velvetse seeds are collected to fill them the garden and the garden next year.

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Despite the fact that the birthplace of the velvetsev is South America, they successfully arrived in our territories. And so much that they began to grow everywhere: both in urban parks and gardens and private garden sites. These unpretentious in leaving bright flowers please the eye to deep autumn. Today you will get acquainted with the best varieties of velvetsev. Your attention is a detailed description of varieties, as well as a photo selection with the names of individual varieties.

Plant Description

Annual / Perennial Plant related to the Astera family. It is distinguished by a varied length of the stem (from 15 to 130 cm) and the presence of a basic root system. Flowers grow large enough, forming a lush bush, which can be a decent decoration of any flowerbed or garden.

The leaves in the plant are a period, one-piece, toothed form. The color of the leaves is a gentle green and even rich green shade. Budget inflorescences are found both solitary and complex. A distinctive feature of the velvets is considered to be their bright rich coloring (yellow, orange, brown and multicolored with a red motley spraying) and a peculiar delicate fragrance.

Blossomy Barhetsev

The velvets differ in generous beautiful bloom, which begins with the arrival of warm summer and ends in deep autumn (sometimes until the first frosts).

Council. If you want to add a "highlight" to your garden, but do not know how the plant is to stop your choice, you should pay attention to the velvet. Competently pick up the right grade, you not only do not spoil with it the appearance of the garden, but also enhance a pleasant impression. In addition, the velvets are mostly a perennial plant, so for 3-4 years you can carelessly enjoy their beauty.

Classification of velvetsev

Despite the fact that there are annual and perennial varieties of velvets, in gardening most often used exactly the last. Velhets are also classified in height of the bush: gigantic (about 1.5 m and above), high (about 0.6 m), medium (not higher than 0.5 m), low (up to 0.4 m), dwarf (maximum height - about 0.15-0.2 m).

Main species

Despite the diversity of varieties of velvets, only a few basic types of this plant can be distinguished:

Personal velvets

• Personal (African). For this species are characterized by sprawling bushes, covered with a dense "carpet" of terry rounded inflorescences. The diameter of flowers is, on average, about 10-12 cm. The stalks in the plant are quite large, durable, reaching 1 m in height. This variety is most often used in group compositions, in flower beds and even in small bouquets.

Council. If you choose a variety related to this species, keep in mind: a significant disadvantage of the African varieties of velvetsev is considered poor moisture tolerance. With frequent and abundant rains, bloom begins to lose its original appearance, and the plant itself rotates with time.

• Fine color (French). A low variety of plants - height does not exceed half a meter. Inflorescences are also pretty small - only about 3-5 cm in diameter. The plant pleases its bloom until the middle of the autumn. For flowers, a monophonic orange color is characteristic (sometimes there are two-color). Most often used to create a beautiful edging near borders. In the care of unpretentious.

Fine color vecittsy

• Tricarous. Thrinking velvets grow a very compact bush that does not exceed 0.4 m. Inflorescences on the form slightly resemble a chamomile, but have a rich yellow color. The size of the flowers is small - only 3 cm in diameter. Most often used to create bright compositions in small flower beds. Also used in cooking (as seasonings). Required in care: love light and warmth.

Throughly velvets

• Small (elegant). Despite its name, the velvets of this species differ truly gigantic sizes - the height of the bush sometimes exceeds 1.2 m. But the inflorescence themselves look very elegantly, carefully, differ in tiny dimensions. They are often used in cooking.

Small veracits

Hybrid species

Separately, several varieties of velvet hybrids can be distinguished:

• Antigua. This dweller hybrid (about 30 cm) is most often used to seal and decorate garden plantations. It is distinguished by the variety of color shades of their inflorescences: yellow, lemon, golden, etc.
• Aztek Lime Green. The middle height of the bushes (about 0.4 m) on its tops proudly carry lush terry inflorescences of gentle linomes with a green tint.

Aztek Lime Green.

• Lunasi. These low-spirited African velvets differ incredibly small sizes (about 15 cm) and inflorescences unusual view - Remind externally chrysanthemums. Flource unusually quickly (in just a couple of months) and also fights up.
• Vanilla. An unusual hybrid that got its name thanks to the inflorescences of the tender color of Vanilla. It is used exclusively for breeding in flower bed and porridge (after cutting).
• Amber. The hybrid is represented by low bushes with powerful stems carrying bright orange terry inflorescences. The species pleases with its early bloom and resistance to adverse climatic factors.

• Naxtric color. It is grown exclusively for further cutting. Different with medium sizes and powerful beautiful inflorescences.

Hybrid varieties presented above are just a few of the greater diversity of velvetsey plants.

Popular varieties

Consider some of the most popular varieties of velvetsev, most often used for growing in small flower beds, private gardens and for decorating urban flower. Among the large number of African varieties are the following:

• Gold dollar. The variety is compact and at the same time large sizes (small in width, but high - more than 1 m). Orange flowers with red inserts.
• Kilimanjaro. Hybrid variety designed exclusively for cutting. The size of the bush is large - in height it reaches 0.6-0.7 m. Magnificent velvets have an unusual white color for the plant.

Kilimanjaro

• Glitters. Unusual varietyrepresented by giant bushes - about 1.1 m. At the same time, inflorescences grow rather rare groups, differ in small sizes - about 5 cm in diameter.
• Smile. This Late Decoring Sort is represented by a fairly powerful developed bush with a height of about 1 m. Inflorescences Large, yellow (sometimes on one inflorescence there are several shades of yellow: light yellow, lemon, golden, etc.).

Among French varieties are the following:

• Playful Marieta. One of the most popular varieties. Unpretentious in leaving, blooms long. Bushes have a middle height - not more than 0.4 m. Flowers grow thick, outwardly resemble chamomile. The color of velvets bright yellow, with a reddish core.

Playful Marietta.

• Fighter. Variety with an unusual appearance: Velhetsy outwardly resemble daisy flowers. Growing very thick, creating a beautiful lush bush. Flower is not long - only at the beginning of summer.
• Bolero. Relative newcomer among a wide variety of velvetse varieties. Already managed to look like Russian gardeners. Bustards grow rather small - only about 0.3 m. Flowers are also small, terry. The color is unusual - rich red with small yellow splashes. Flowers long, unpretentious in care.

Among Mexican varieties are the following:

• Mimimix. Unusual grade presented by compact bushes with dense thick blossom of small velvets. In the period of active flowering, the bushes form a natural latter flower leaf. Can become a decent decoration even for a large garden.

Mimimix

• Lemon Jam. Also a low grade (bushes grow in a height of not more than 0.3 m). The velvets grow thick, but they have a very small size (outwardly resemble chamomile). Color lemon color.
• Gnome. Excellent grade for the formation of small flower. Busta dwarfs. Single, medium-sized inflorescences, have red-brown color around the edges and yellow core.

So our acquaintance with the velvets came to the end. Now you know how much the plant is different, and you can select the best variety for your garden from a large number of presented options. Good luck!

Growing velvetsev: video

Thanks to bright colors, long-lasting flowering and unpretentiousness to the cultivation conditions, the velvets are very popular with gardeners. They are used to decorate private sites, parks, urban areas and squares. Small compact bushes are able to quickly grow up, turning the flower garden into a motley carpet. Plants do not require frequent watering, resistant to drought and shading. The variety of colors and flowers forms is a real find for landscape designers.

Velhets - Plant Description

In Europe, the velets appeared in the XVI century, their historic homeland is Central and South America. Annual and perennial plants from the families of complex beds became the favorite decoration of gardens, balconies and terraces. Latin name Tagetis (Taghetis) They received from Charles Linnei. He called flowers to the name of the mythical Divine of Tagés, the grandson of Zeus. Today there are about 60 types of velvets and many hybrid varieties in the world.

Velhets in the design of the landscape

The stalks of grassy plants are strong, reprehension, depending on the species form a compact or empty bush. Height from 20 to 120 cm. The leaves of the elongated shape are painted in various shades of green. They are half-disseated or periodily-separated, edges of gear. On the stems are arranged alternately or opposite each other. The root system is well developed. Basket inflorescences consist of tongue and tubular flowers.

Information. Many varieties of velvetsev leaves are more fragrant than flowers.

The flowering period begins in June and continues to the first frosts. After the feet of petals, a fruit is formed - a dark flexible seed. There are plant seeds in it, their number 280-650 in 1 g. The positive property of seeds is a good germination that is preserved for 3-4 years. Taghetis classified by several signs:

1. Stem size:
   1. tall - from 60 cm and above;
   2. the average - 45-60 cm;
   3. low - 25-45 cm;
   4. dwarf - 20-25 cm.
2. Building of inflorescence:
   1. carnation-shaped flowers consist of dissected linguistic petals;
   2. anemonovoid - in the center there are large tubular petals, and at the edges of 1-2 rows of the branch;
   3. chrysanthemum-shaped - inflorescences in shape resemble a ball, they consist only of tubular petals.
3. By the number of petals:
   1. simple - flat inflorescences, similar to chamomile, consist of one or two row of tongue petals;
   2. semi-grade - flowers have at least 3-4 rows of petals;
   3. terry - lush inflorescences of a combined type, they include tongue and tubular petals.

Varieties and names of low-speed velvets

To make your own idea of \u200b\u200bthese interesting colors, it is worth studying the varieties and photos with the names of the velvetsev lowered:

• "Red Parch" - a compact bush tall up to 25 cm with large bright red flowers. Inflorescences of 4-6 cm in size have a velvety texture. The velets bloom abundantly from June to October. Great adjacent to primulas and cycroes.

  Red Parch

• Taghetis rejected "Kid Harmony" - the variety is highlighted by a spectacular two-color color. Stems branched from the very base. On the rejected shoots during flowering, many bright spherical colors appear, turning the bush into the fae of the paints. The edge flowers of the inflorescences are brownish-red, middle flowers - golden. Leaves are green, half-disseated. Culture height 20 cm, flower diameter - 5 cm.

  Toddler harmony

• "Petit spray" - lowered (up to 30 cm) splashing bushes retain decorative attractiveness throughout the summer, to the first autumn frosts. The inflorescence of the denominations, it is reminded by chrysanthemums. The color of the two-color - the middle is bright yellow, and the framing is dark red. Locked on the 20 × 20 scheme for the design of flower, borders, vases.

  Petit spray

• "Red Gem" - the height of the bush is 20-25 cm. The plant is distinguished by rich blossom, a plurality of simple flowers with a diameter of up to 2 cm covers an empty busty. Taghetis bright red petals, sediments - yellow. During the removing the boat buds, you can extend the flowering period.

  Red gem

• "Naughty Marietta" - among French or rejected velyts, this is the most popular variety. The second name is "Playing Marietta." The size of the bush does not exceed 30 cm. Flat, neachless inflorescences grow up to 5 cm. Two-color coloring - on a golden-yellow background red-brown strokes at the base. The leaves are peristracted, edges are covered with jar.

  Playful Marietta.

• Bonita blend - a dwarf annual up to 20 cm. The main decoration of the cookistic is multicolored star inflorescences. The mixture is characterized by the presence of flowers with different color: yellow, orange, red-brown. The variety is good in group landings and for growing in vases.

  Bonita Mix

• "Carmen" - a rejected taghetis with a spreader bud of up to 30 cm. Inflorescences of cloves, tongue petals located along the edges, red-brown. Middle of a yellow flower. Terry inflorescences grow to 5-6 cm. The distinctive characteristic of the variety is a resistant aroma resembling the smell of ASTR. Plant for decorating Rabatok and Leaves. Loads in the garden and the city to scare the pests.

  Carmen

• "Tiger's eye" - a decorative variety of rejected velvets up to 35 cm. Buds branched, carved leaves, dark green. Machirus inflorescences consisting of a variety of tubular flowers of saturated orange colors, framed by red-brown petals. The diameter of the carnation is inflorescences 5-6 cm. Often occurs when the balconies and the veranda are design. The plant has a peculiar aroma.

  Tiger's Eye

Very decorative attractiveness possesses velvets low-grade large-flowered varieties:

Rules of growing vertexes

Landing

The optimal time for planting seeds of low-speed velvets into an open ground is the last month of spring. Saplings are sensitive to low temperatures, frost can destroy them. For germination, the seeds require a temperature above 20 °. Before starting landing, the Earth must be prepared. Scale primary soil fertility and superphosphates. Under the seeds of a ripper make grooves with a depth of 4-5 cm. The soil moisturizes. Seeds evenly scatter and bury. Depending on the temperature, the sprouts will appear in 5-10 days.
Seeds Taghetis

Growing seedlings

In order to enjoy the pesting paints of the Taghetis at the beginning of the summer, it is necessary to plant seeds in March-April. For the extension of the seed material, it is recommended to prepare a loose mixture:

• peat;
• nerd land;
• humus;
• river sand.

All components are taken in equal proportions. At the bottom of the container for growing seedlings, the drainage layer is satisfied. This will prevent stagnation of water, negatively affecting the development of seedlings. The layer should be at least 3 cm. Small gravel is suitable as a drainage, crushes, crushed stone. In order to disinfect the land taken for the substrate, a solution of manganese is used.

Council. Seeds of reprehension taghetis Saw in March, and the rejected (low) - in April. In this case, they will bloom at the same time on the flower bed.

Capacity for seedlings is filled with soil, leaving 2-3 cm from the edges. Before planting seeds, the substrate is moisturized. With an interval of 3 cm, transverse grooves are made to a depth of 1.5-2 cm. Seeds are folded at a distance of 1 cm from each other. But this is not a prerequisite if shoots will be thick, they can be broken. The seed material is filled with a ground by 1 cm. The container is covered with glass or polyethylene and leave in a warm place with a temperature of 20-22 °.

Landing seeds in container

If before the appearance of the first sprouts (5-7 days) the soil dries down, it should be poured. Small seedlings gradually teach to lower temperatures, moving into the room, where 15-18 °. When careing, it is important to prevent soil overflow. The water from the pallet is immediately poured. After the emergence of two carved (real), the leaf is carried out. Saplings are selected in separate containers so that they are fully developed.

To extract seedlings from the ground, a spoon will fit. The landing of grown seedlings into the open ground occurs at the end of May, and in the cold climate - in early June. By this time, night frosts cease. The soil requirements on the landing site are a bit: it should be with a neutral pH, loose and fertile. Place of landings are drunk and contribute complex mineral fertilizers. The lowered velvets plant at a distance of 15-20 cm. In the first month, flowers need regular watering. Periodically, it is necessary to loosen the soil and giving the weeds.

Velhets can be grown in pots and pests

Thanks to the emitted phytoncides, insects bypass the velvets side. Their fungicidal properties protect itself and the plant and nearby culture from the spread of fungal infections. The only danger for taghetis is excessive moisturizing. For high damp Get the roots of colors. The drought is also harmful to plants, in hot weather they settle for a web tick.

Useful properties of low velvetsev

Unusual fragrance of taghetis not everyone accounts for moral, but he possesses useful properties. Spicy smell helps calm down and relax. In the insects, the fragrance acts as a repellent. The pests of the garden avoid places where fragrant flowers grow. This property of the velvets has long been noticed by farmers, they plant bright bushes around the perimeter of the bed. Natural protection is not worse than insecticides, while safe and environmentally friendly.

Chemicals secreted by low-spirited velvets contribute to the purification of the soil. They negatively act on fungi and bacteria. In the fall after the onset of frosts, the plants are used as sitarats - crushed and bury on the site. The composition and condition of the Earth improves. Each part of the culture benefits a person. Taghetis roots are able to drive nematodes. Small worms make tremendous harm to planting potatoes, strawberries and other cultures. For 2-3 seasons, chemical compounds from the root system of colors are eliminated from dangerous pests.

In the leaves and inflorescences of Taghetis contain essential oil. It has been applied in cosmetology, added to liqueurs and soap, is used in the food industry. Healing properties Vitytsev helps to treat colds, inflammation of the gallbladder, constipation. Dry flowers scare mole by placing them in the closet, you can not worry about the state of clothing.

Usage B. landscape design

In decorative gardening uses hybrid grades of taghetis. Low-colored flowers are organically looking at the motley flower bed and a garden vases.

Low velvets on flowerbed

The minimum requirements for care and long-lasting flowering contribute to the popularity of the velvetsev. Compact bushes are grown to decorate interior rooms, terraces and balconies. They develop perfectly in pots.

moscow, Russia, on the site from 01/11/2017

Velhets are probably known to everyone, it is one of the most unpretentious colors. Bright, sunflowers will decorate any floweruba or balcony. Velhets real workers their bloom lasts all summer up to the most frosts.

These plants can be used not only as a decoration of the garden plot, but also as a medicinal plant, seasonings in cooking and as a means for cosmetic procedures. From this article you will learn what velvets are, varieties with photos and names are described below.

See also: "When to plant velvets to seedlings"

Types of velvetsev

Tod-collar

This species includes mainly low plants. They, compact bushes, whose growth does not exceed 50 centimeters. Foliage small, dissected flowers are simple. Throughly sorts look good at the flower beds and in combination with other types of velvets, they can also be grown in balcony conditions. Now consider the most popular varieties of this species.

"Lemon Jam"

The plant grows in the height of only 35 sorts, flowers are small lemon, the bushes of minimal shape, branched with abundant blossoms.

Lemon Jem.

It grows up to 25 cm, the plant has a shape of a ball, foliage thick, openwork. This variety blooms before the rest. Flowers have a yellow middle and brown petals around the edges.

Gnome

"Golden Ring"

The plant forms shoots up to 50 cm, flowers of yellow color, small begin to blossom from June and finish at the onset of the first frosts.

Golden Ring

Mimimix

The plant forms small dense bushes up to 25 cm, small flowers, simple.

Mimimix

Very vertices

This type includes the most tall grades, they reach 100 cm. Flowers grow large to 15 cm, one color of a terry type. In addition, the velvets are divided into the following dimensions: super high -90 cm, tall - 60-90 cm, low less than 45 cm

Strengthen vertex varieties with photos and descriptions:

The means from which the plants grow like on yeast! Just water these plants ...

"Hawaii"

These plants reach 105 cm, large flowers, with a shade of orange, 12 cm in size, blooming late, at the end of summer.

Hawaii

"Gold Dollar"

The bushes look miniature, 120 cm are growing into height, the trunks are powerful, foliage of a light green shade, colors of a saturated orange color.

Gold dollar

"Eskimo"

The plant grows in a height of up to 35 cm, milk colors, flower size size up to 6 cm.

Eskimo

Plants form small bushes up to 80 cm, the flowers are large, with a yellow middle and orange edges blooms at the end of July.

Frylz

"Mandarin"

Flowers in lush orange colors, the bush itself is dense, gustatvy.

Mandarin

Barchatts rejected

In a different way, this species is called French, it is characterized by a large gamut of colors. Bushes reach lengths no higher than 60 cm. Flowers are terry and simple, they are small only 8 cm. For convenience, the variety varieties are distributed by classification: tall - 60 cm, medium-up 50 cm, low 20-40 cm, lowest 15-20 cm .

Here are the most popular varieties of rejected Barharot:

"Bolero"

Regarding a new grade, which managed to love flowers. Flowers are not large, lush, shade red with brown and slight luminous splashing. Buckets are not high about 30 cm. These velvets quickly go into growth, it blooms a lot throughout the summer season.

Bolero

Buckets are lush, grow up to 50 cm. Foliage of a saturated green color, openwork. Blossom starts from the beginning of summer.

Fighter

"Jolly Jester"

These velvets are well branched, the bush itself grows up to 30 cm, the flowers have a few shades.

Jolly Jester

"Gold Bol"

The bushes are sprawered, high up to 60 cm, the shoots of green with brown raids, the flowers are simple or semi-marched, with a diameter of about 5 cm. The variety blooms in early June, flowers can be used for cutting.

Gold Bol

The lowest grades

A variety of low-speed velvets is widely used to create flower beds and chains. Color shades are yellow, orange, reddish, and brown. Mostly dwarf varieties The velvetsets are very much wound, they reach 20-35 cm. The smell of flowers is well pronounced, but somewhat softer than in other species.

Here are the most favorite vitals in the flower breeding varieties with good photos:

"Carmen"

Refers to rejected velvets, a bush reaches up to 30 cm, brown-red flowers with a yellow middle in diameter 6 cm.

Carmen

"Petit Orange"

The bushes of this plant are very miniature, just 25 cm, bright-green foliage, thick, orange flowers are not large 6 cm in diameter, terry.

Petit orange

"Gold head"

This plant has a height of only 20 cm, the bushes are thick with durable shoots, the foliage of a dark-green shade. Flowers terry resembling chrysanthrom about 4 cm in diameter. These velvets bloom early from the beginning of June, abundant flowering lasts until the first frost. The grade is suitable for growing in pots, on balconies, flower beds and Rabata.

Golden head

"Bonanza"

The grade consists of a series of plants with a variety of color. Flowers have yellow, white, reddish brown and orange shades. All inflorescences of terry size 6 cm. The size of the bush is from 25 to 30 cm.

Bonanza

Low-color large-flowered varieties are determined by powerful stems, dark green foliage, large terry inflorescences. Color painting can be lemon, yellow, orange.

"Antigua"

The grade belongs to stand, the height of the bush does not exceed 25 cm. Inflorescences are quite large size 15 cm, terry. On one bush, 4-5 colors bloom, they have a monophonic color. Blossom begins early at the end of May and lasts two months.

Antigua

"Lunasi"

Beautiful low-grade variety with large colors of chrysanthemide form predominantly orange. Blossom starts two three months after germination.

Lunasi.

Perennials among Barharotok

Perennial velvets grow in natural conditions of hot countries. In the climatic conditions of our country, the vehicles can grow as annual flowers, because due to frosts die. But because of the abundant ejection of seeds and germination of them in the same place in the future, the effect of perennials is achieved. Perennial Sortabarters grow in Mexico, America, but here are the most resistant to climatic anomalies of the plant: "Bicolor Frenc", "Bonita", "Golden Dome", "Khokhloma", "Mexican etaragon", "Sofia".

Landing seeds in the ground

Velhets are easy to grow from seeds. Landing in flower beds start at the end of May, when the soil warms well. The place is better to choose an open solar, away from the reservoirs, it is allowed to light half. The furrows for convenience can be made with a roof, then shed them with water.

Seeds unfold by approximately 1.5-2 cm from each other, and sprinkled with a tide by 0.5-1 cm. Next, the landing is watered and covered with underfloor material so that the moisture is not so much evaporated, of course, if the rains are predicted, then it is possible not to do.

About five days later, the shoots of the vehicles will appear, the observer tissue is cleaned, if there is a strong drought, plants need watering. When the second pair of real leaves appears, the place where the velvets rose thickly, thin. Extra plants can be searched on a bed with cabbage, tomatoes, peppers, carrots. The fact is that all parts of the velvetsets allocate phytoncides that scare the pests and struggle with the pathogenic microflora, including such a common fungus as a phytoofer.

When planting these plants, depending on the variety, certain conditions are followed. So between the tall velvets you need to stick to about 40 cm, there are 30 cm between average plants, and low verses searched at a distance of 15-20 cm.

We grow seedlings of vechatsev

If there is a desire to get flowering plants early, then you need to sow seeds to seedlings. Do it at the end of March or in early April, when the light day will add so that the velvets grab the sun for full growth.

Soil can be chosen ready for colors or universal destination. If you prefer to use the Earth from your site or forest, then it is necessary to displaced it. For this, a pink solution of manganese, or spilled boiling water several times. Containers can be immediately taken deeper, it is necessary to put a drainage layer of clay or other material on the bottom.

In the wet soil make grooves depth in one centimeter, lay the seeds and fall asleep with soil. Next moisturize the crops from the pulvizer to not blur the soil. For germination, the velvetse seeds will suit the temperature of 20 degrees. Boxes with seedle cover with small cuts with small cuts so that the moisture evaporates less.

About five, seven days, depending on the variety, the velvets will go. Now the container can be transferred to well-light places, with a temperature of 15-18 degrees. Most likely, in the apartment it will be a place on the windowsill. After the plants appeared 2-3 pairs of real leaves, landing can be replant with replanting extra plants in another container.

Planting seedlings to a permanent place are produced in the middle or at the end of May. But flowers should pay attention to the weather forecast and if there is a threat to frosts, the plants are covered with high density material or polyethylene film.

Care

The velvetsev has bright and beautiful flowers, openwork foliage, but many flowerflowers decide to plant these plants due to the fact that they do not need special care. Flowers easily tolerate dry days, temperature drops, grow well, bloom abundantly and do not hurt. Plants also do not need feeding. Barharot care is a weeding, watering and removing flashing buds to provoke a longer blossom.

It's not difficult to grow and care for these flowers. And the varieties of velvetsev are a lot, so everyone will find the appropriate option.

Velchattsy are bright unpretentious flowers that can be found in many summer cottages, in parks, urban flower beds. These charming decorative flowers In juicy orange, solar colors will decorate any garden and create a cheerful, cheerful mood in it. Very popular velvets in Ukraine, they are called "blackheads" here. Velhets have been used for decorating rural courtyards and streets. They so organically fit into the rural flavor that they are considered to be a symbol of Ukraine, although the birthplace of flowers is America. National Love Velhets deserved not only due to their attractiveness, but also unpretentiousness in care, even the newcomer will be able to grow these charming flowers.

Perennial velets: Description

The velvets (lat. Tagetes) - annual or perennial plants belong to the astera or complex family. The birthplace of blooming unpretentious culture is America, where they are widespread from the southern US states to Argentina. The velvets fell into Europe thanks to the Spanish conquerors in the XVI century and soon spread throughout the continent. To date, there are up to 40 species of this plant. Latin Taguetes Tag (Tagetes) Flowers received in honor of the grandson of Jupiter - Tagés (Tagtea), which possesses the gift of the predictor.

TAGETES is a compact bush with a reprehensive, branched stem, the height of which reaches from 20 to 130 cm. Leaves of velvetsev - openwork peristile-disseated or peristra-separate, are opposed, sometimes in the next order. Leaves, depending on the variety of plants, painted in a light green or dark green shade. The velvetsev urine root system.

Plant inflorescences - baskets: terry or simple, can be collected in inflorescences. The median rolling flowers have a tubular shape, and the edge flowers are false-language, there are five stamens. Coloring flowers bright and catchy. There are velehats bright yellow, orange, red, golden, brown coloring.

Blossom of velvetsev - abundant, long, starting from June, ending with the first frosts. The fruit of the plant is a linear seed, narrowing to the base, the flowers are perfectly multiplied by self-sowing, while maintaining its germination for 3-4 years. Distinctive feature Flowers - a strong spicy little tart fragrance, illustrated not only by flowers, but also leaves of the plant. Not everyone likes the aroma of velvetsev, but it is this pronounced specific smell that scares the pests from the plant, which can harm him.

Types of velvets perennial

The species diversity of velvets a huge amount is most common in our region three types of plants:

Tagetes Rejected (Tagetes Patula), another type name - French, small-bedroom, low-speed. A low compact plant that achieves a height is no more than 60 cm. Spanish branched bush with side deflected shoots is soaked in numerous small flowers in diameter up to 8 cm. Flowers, depending on the variety can be terry or collected in simple inflorescences with a pronounced disc in the center. Color color can be yellow, orange, golden or two-color. Small-ceiling velvets are often used to decorate lawns, flower beds, flower beds, they are planted as a border or grown in vases, containers. Unpretentious type of velvetsev grows everywhere, is a cold-resistant look.

The most common varieties of rejected velvets:

• Carmen is a variety with bright terry flowers having corrugated petals. The color of the petals is a yellow-orange core framed by a red-brown edge. The height of the sprawling bush is up to 30 cm.

• Gold Bol - the height of the bush of plants up to 60 cm, the color of the flowers is a bright yellow core with a red border.
• Lemon velvets - have bright lemon painting of petals, terry flowers. They look great in the monochrome flower bed.

• Bolero Bolero velvets - a low-level plant, up to 20 cm tall with lush inflorescences, wavy petals, painted in yellow-red gamut. The most common variety of velvetsev is growing perfectly in the shade.

Tagtetes Tricultural, Mexican (Tagetes Tenuifolia) is a miniature type of velvetsev with original openwork foliage. There are about 70 hybrids of this type of plant. Kusta height is about 20-40 cm, minor inflorescences up to 2 cm in diameter. Color of petals - golden, orange, red, yellow.

Popular varieties:

• Ursula - a bush tall up to 50 cm with golden flowers.
• Paprika - the height of the bush up to 25 cm, blooms with red or orange.
• Lulu - the height of the bush to 25 cm, blooms yellow-golden floral baskets.

TAGETES PRESIDENT ENERGY or AFRICAN (Tagetes Erecta) is a kind of tall velvetsev. The height of the bush is from 30 cm to 1 meter. The peculiarity of this species is luxurious large terry flowers up to 15 cm in diameter. As a rule, the color of flowers is monophonic: yellow, cream, golden, orange.

Popular varieties:

• Vanilla - bush up to 70 cm high with creamy terry inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter.

• Kilimanjaro - bush up to 70 cm tall with charming large spherical flowers of white color.
• Antigua is a low bustard up to 30 cm high with bright floral baskets: golden, orange, lemon.

What velvets choose: annual or perennial?

Decochy country cottage area, many flowerflowers are wondering what better variety Velhets choose for cultivation. Choosing between annuals or perennial velvets, it is necessary to determine the purpose of growing colors. For a permanent place near the house, the veranda or for the decoration of flower beds will suit the lowest perennial velvets. It should be remembered that, multiplying by self-sowing, perennial species have a feature to seize new territories, and every year, bushes of plants develop better, and flowers become more magnificent. Such varieties can be attributed to: Carmen, Bonaz. Velkhattsy Perennial to buy in flower shops or assemble yourself.

Annual hybrid varieties multiply the division of the bush or by digging. Every year all new and interesting bright annual velets appear, who do not have time to bother, surprising the new coloring or flower shape. New hybrid varieties on summer period You can land in the flower beds, in suspended porridge, vases, pots, decorate window sills. They can be both short and tall. Among the famous annual varieties can be allocated: Mandarin, the eye of the Tiger, Kilimanjaro.

Velhets Perennial: Growing

Unpretentious velvets can be raised in several ways: sowing seeds immediately into the ground or grow through seedlings.

Cultivation of velvets through seedlings

Seeding seeds to seedlings of a reprehensive tagheetse is carried out in March, small-bedroom and thin colors are better to plant on seedlings in the initial numbers of April. For more early landingIn February, it will take the illumination of seedlings, since the light day in February is still short.

Stages of planting seedlings:

Prepare containers with drainage holes for growing seedlings. To plant the seeds of the velvetsev, choose a loose soil, which includes: peat, humus, hard ground and half of the sand. Ideally, a substrate is suitable for growing seedlings, bought in a flower shop. It is very important to prepare the drainage on seedlings, the ceramizite is suitable, a mixture of rubble, sand, pebbles, broken brick. The drainage layer must be 2-3 cm.

For a successful landing, land and seeds need to be disinfected. Independently prepared primer is recommended in advance, blocked in the refrigerator in winter or on the balcony. And before sowing, it is hammered by a saturated solution of marathansya. The plant seeds should also be soaked in a weak solution of manganese.

Disabled seeds before planting need to be germinated in a saucer. To do this, place them on the wet fabric and cover the film. Keep saucer with seeds warm, three days they have to germinate.

You can start planting seeds: in the rammed soil, along its entire surface, seeds are not very detached. Velhets rose well, with too thick landing, the seedlings will have to cut forward. Some flower products advise not to lay the seeds on the surface of the Earth, but stick them like sticks.

Next, you need to pour the seeds with a small layer of soil and set containers into a warm room, where the air temperature is at least 22 degrees. To cover the seeds lined in the soil with glass or film, creating "greenhouse" is not necessary, since the velvets rose quite well and without additional conditions. In case you decide to use "Greenhouse", one or twice a day, the film must be removed for ventilating to prevent the condensate accumulation on its surface and the development of mold.

Watering soil with seeds follows as drying. It should be moderately humid, but not very wet. After 10-14 days, the first shoots will appear, the containers will need to be transferred with a cooler (15-18 degrees of heat), but the bright room. Watering seedlings is carried out strictly under the sprouts, it is desirable to use a pipette or syringe for watering. If the seedlings climbed too often and densely, they should be switched, removing weaker sprouts.

In May, when night frosts leave, seedlings are ready for landing into an open ground or in vases and containers for growing on the windowsill, balconies, verandahs. To transplant seedlings, it is enough to care enough to pate and transplant to a permanent place on the site, observing the distance between the landings of 30-40 cm. The low-spirited varieties are planted according to a 20-cm scheme. Soil for planting should be nutritious, saturated minerals, neutral or drum. For colors planted in soil with low fertility, in the future, during the growing season, feeding will be required.

Watering young plants should be moderate and regular, lack of moisture in the soil affects the further growth and blossom of the velvetsev.

Sowing seeds of velvetsev perennials immediately in open ground

Plant perennial velets can be immediately in open ground. For the first planting, the seeds can be bought in the store, and then collect planting material after flowering for the dilution of velvets on the plot, also the seeds of the velvetsets abundantly multiply by self-sow. The seeds collected in the fall are stored until spring, and then planted into the ground. Optimal time sowing seeds - mid-May, when the soil warms out enough.

For landing it is necessary to prepare wide wells in advance, a depth of 5 cm, at a distance of 15 cm from each other. Seeds are sowing into moisturized wells, and then toppen with a small layer of land, about 1 cm. Watering is neat and temperate before the emergence of the first germs that will appear pretty quickly. If young velvets rose too thickly, they should be switched and transplant to another place.

Velhets Perennial: Care

Marketing for the velvets is not complicated, only compliance with simple conditions for their cultivation is sufficient:

The landing garden should be open, sunny, but not be under scoring solar rays. The velvets grow remarkably at any lighting, but with insufficient refreshment, the plant will not be abundantly and fluffy.

Special requirement is given to watering the plant. The velvets need regular, abundant watering during the period of active growth and a more moderate watering during the formation of buds and blossoms in order to prevent moisture stagnation in the ground, which can lead to fungal diseases and reinforce the root system.

Flowers need periodic jams of soil around bushes and weed removal.

Unpretentious flowers do not need feeding, although it is positively responding to it. Supporting complex fertilizers is carried out three times: during the growth of the plant, when it is reached 10 cm in height, when the first buds appear and in the beginning of flowering. Fertilizers feeding more benefits will bring plants planted in vases and containers.

It is worth paying attention to the timely removal of the blurred inflorescences, so that the formation of new buds is not delayed.

Tall grades need to form support, as the stems of velvetsev can break under their own weight or from a strong wind.

At the end of the season, during the first autumn frosts, the flowers need to be covered with observer material.

To extend the flowering in the fall, the velvets can be transplanted into the containers and put into the room.

Reproduction of perennial vertexes

Velhets can be multiplied not only by seeds, but also by rooting the stem cutting in water or soil. In addition, adults of the velvetsers greatly determine the division of the bush. It is enough to dig a maternal bush and divide it into several parts with root and foliage.

Collection and storage of seeds of perennial velvets

To collect planting material, it is necessary to wait to wait for the inflorescences on the bush completely dried. Then, in dry weather, inflorescences are broken and extracting them seeds. Keep the velvetse seeds in a paper package in a dry, dark and ventilated room. When collecting seeds of a certain variety, it should be borne in mind that only three of the four seeds inherit parental signs.

Diseases and pests Perennial velvets

Velhets are rarely subjected to diseases. Their specific aroma is a kind of plant protection from many diseases and pests. Thanks to the large content of phytoncides, the plant can protect not only itself, but also others surrounding its cultures.

But, if the summer was rainy, raw, flowers attack slugs and snails that feed on the leaves and plants stems. To combat pests, traps are used from the chlorine solution, which are packed through the perimeter of the site.

Another disease associated with the abrasiveness of moisture is gray rot. Infected bushes should be removed so that there is no infection of healthy instances.

When arid summer, flowers can attack the web tick, in the fight with it is used in the onion, which sprinkles on the bushes. To prevent the appearance of a spider tick, flowers in dry weather must be regularly sprayed, artificially increasing air humidity.

Possible problems in growing perennial velvets

• With insufficient humidity of the soil, the plant will not fully develop, also this indicator affects the dimensions of the flowers.
• Excessive humidity leads to reinforcement of the root and fungal diseases.
• In the rainy summer, there is a possibility of getting the swordless inflorescences, so they are recommended to regularly delete.
• With a decrease in air temperature to 10 degrees, the plant ceases to develop.

Velhets Perennial in Landscape Design

The velets look great in any garden plot, decorating the bright juicy and magnificent inflorescences of flowers, lawns, borders. Tall varieties harmoniously look in the center of the flower beds, and low-spirited as the decoration of borders and the side of the flower beds or lawn. Mountain velvet flowerbeds from yellow velvets or bright colorful flower beds look very impressive, with drop-off velvets of various colors.

Velhets - the perfect option for decorating even little plotIf the area for planting colors is limited. Bright, unpretentious flowers can even be grown on the beds, among potatoes or other vegetable crops.

Very beautifully, velvets lined in vases, containers on the verandas, in arbors look. Cheerful flowers will give a good mood to the autumn.

Velchattsy is an unpretentious and universal plant, which is under the power to grow newcomer. These bright flowers with fragrant aroma fill your garden with warmth, joy and happiness.

Velhets perennial, photo