At the initial stage of construction planning own house The future household is determined with its main characteristics and type. At the same time, the main issue is the choice of the main material. The latest trends show that potential homeowners are increasingly preferring a tree. The choice of individual developers in favor of wood is explained by the fact that this material has unique qualities, and in addition, the construction industry today allows you to use many innovative modern technologies. Well, those who decided to build wooden houseIt will be useful to learn about the main types of houses, their advantages and disadvantages.

Wooden houses from a log house

The log house made by hand (hand logging) involves the use of logs processed directly on the construction site using a carpentry tool. During the processing, the logs are scolded to fit the length, remove the bark from them, cut the longitudinal and transverse grooves - to collect the wints and rally them into the box. The last stage after assembling a church implies the dipping of window and doorways.

The log house is erected using rounded logs manufactured. This option implies an assembly of the house from those who have already been prepared on the construction site of the details and blocks represented by individual sections.

Monolithic and glued bar

Monolithic timber. The bar of this type is obtained after the log was cut on the machine, and the core of the tree remained holistic.

Houses built from glued timber. Such material is more expensive because it is manufactured using high-tech equipment. The processing and drying of the board - lamella - glued under the press. As a result, a qualitative multilayer material is obtained - glued bar, characterized by durability, low weight and, which is important, external aesthetic attractiveness.

Frame wooden house

Frame house - The structure, the frame of which is collected from bars and is trimmed from two sides with materials forming the walls. Performing support functions, the frame is responsible for the strength of the structure. Between the shelves, the space is filled with insulation, mainly artificial, hydro and vaporizolation. OSP walls (oriented chipboard), clapboard, plasterboard, etc.

Consumer qualities of wooden houses of various types

Of all the considered types of houses exclusively wooden walls There are only logs and buildings, for the assembly of which a monolithic timber was used. In these homes, a unique atmosphere and optimal air exchange is created.

Walling frame houses, as well as those whose material is the glued bar, involves the use of artificial materials, despite their environmentally friendly certificate. The construction of such houses is carried out in the least short timeSince there is no need to expect shrinkage of walls. As a result of the manufacture of a profiled bar on modern equipment, the joints between the bars are deprived of the gaps, which eliminates the likelihood of moisture into them. Corps and trimming of walls from purging - not required of all this frame houses.

Frame houses are least costly, compared to other wooden houses. The layout is also taken here, and the heat of the saving quality of houses. The frame house does not require a complex foundation and a large consumption of materials.

Trust the build of a wooden house should be exclusively professionals, only this guarantees the quality of the structure.

Video: Technologies and types of wooden houses

Before starting the construction of your own house, you need to think about not only all construction works Before the smallest detail, but also the material from which the house will be built. Options for the main material for the construction of the house are not so many, the most sought-after brick and wood.

To begin, it is necessary to make a list of requirements and characteristics that future accommodation must meet, for example, to be strong, resistant to fire, warm, reliable, etc. But to determine the choice of basic material, it is necessary to know the properties, the main characteristics of the brick and wooden bar. So better, brick or tree, and what to give preference? Let's figure it out.

To begin with, consider the pros and cons of building material, such as tree and brick, and only after that we will conduct a comparative analysis, which in the end will help determine the choice.

Wooden houses: pros and cons

The tree from the most ancient times was an affordable building material, and has not yet lost its popularity. It may be due to the fact that it is sufficiently available for acquisition and is easy to handle. The tree refers to an environmentally friendly building material that "breathes" and due to this at high temperature does not create a "greenhouse effect".

Pluses of houses from a tree:

1. Low thermal treatment of the tree allows you to keep heat in the room at low temperatures on the street, and in hot weather it will save the coolness, this characteristic of the tree will allow to significantly save when buying the air conditioner in the summer, and in the winter - heater.
2. For a house of wood, a massive foundation will not be required, respectively, another way to save.
3. The wooden house is easier to natopath and he, as mentioned above, is well kept warm, from this again it should be - saving on fuel raw materials.
4. Because of the natural ability of the tree "breathe", in such a house an excessive moisture comes out.
5. The cost of purchasing a tree to build a house is much lower than the same brick volume.
6. Excellent sound insulation and air exchange properties.

Cons of wood houses:

1. Low aesthetic evaluation of the appearance, additional costs for facing material are needed.
2. The flammable material, has low fire resistance, due to this, additional costs are needed for the purchase of special impregnation for wood, which will be able to increase resistance to ignition.
3. When a fire occurs, in rare cases, wooden houses are subject to recovery.
4. Due to the peculiarities of the tree as a building material during the construction of the house, architectural expressiveness is limited.
5. Wooden house is easily amenable to the process of rotting. To increase the life of housing from a tree, it is necessary to process it with a special antiseptic composition, and this is again additional costs.

As a result of the analysis of the house from the tree, it was revealed that positive moments are more. But it still does not say anything. In order to make a decision, it is necessary to determine the positive and negative sides of the brick houses.

Positive and negative characteristics of brick houses

To positive characteristics brick houses relate:

1. The high degree of resistance to fire, when a fire occurs, a brick house is subject to restoration.
2. Brick houses are resistant to biological destruction and rotting processes.
3. Brick houses differ from wooden high strength and long service life without repairing the main construction.
4. During the construction of a brick house, several options for architectural solutions can be used.
5. A brick house requires greater time spent for heating.

Negative sides of brick houses:

1. For brick houses, a strong, solid foundation is required.
2. Regular heating of a brick house in crude and cold weather is needed, otherwise it will be unsuitable for living - cold and raw.
3. The cost of building a brick house several times higher than the construction of a house of wood.
4. The effect of "breathable" walls is much lower than that of wooden, get rid of dampness in a brick house is quite difficult. About the ways of protection against damp in a brick house read.

When analyzing the positive and negative sides of the house of the brick, the situation with the result is repeated - again positive moments to paragraph more.

So what house is better, wooden or brick?

In order to answer the question, the analysis was carried out. It turns out that the wooden house has beneficial benefits more than brick, but also more than the minuses.

Next, it is necessary to consider the purpose of the planned building. If it is temporary, seasonal accommodation, for example, country house, it is possible to use wood as a material for construction. Well, when planning a building house for permanent residence, It is necessary to ensure its strength, reliability of the design, high service life and for this purpose brick optimal option.

If the house is planned to accommodate young children, then you should not forget about the thermal characteristics that will help you understand that better brick or wood. For a brick house you need constant heating of the room, and the wooden quickly heats up and will retain warmth longer. After all, if in the house it is cold and raw, then you have nothing to talk about comfort.

An important point when choosing a material for building a house is to ensure the safety of yourself and your loved ones. As mentioned above, brick houses Have a low degree of fire, it will help if the fire occurs to ensure the evacuation of people.

For high humidity The air indoors, the walls of the wooden house absorbed the excess moisture. Due to the effect of "breathable" walls, a favorable microclimate is created in a wooden house.

As for the aesthetic view of a brick house, you can buy a special one when buying a building material, choose a special facing brick, and the wooden house is lifted with clapboard or professional flooring.

The cost of building a house of brick is several times more expensive than wooden, but it is safer and will continue when a fire occurs.

It is possible to carry out a comparative analysis to infinity, because it is always for one "yes" you can find a couple of answers "No" and vice versa. And in order to finally decide which house is better, wooden or brick, you need to present the future house for a moment. After all, only from your preferences and wishes it depends on what it will be. Happiness to your home and prosperity!
If you have after reading the article still remained, this video will help you make the right choice.:

Wooden house - Excellent accommodation for a person. In general, I noticed that all people can be divided into two groups. One like stone houses, others - wooden.

Benefits wooden houses Everyone is well known and indisputable. The most important of them is probably ecology. And indeed, the microclimate in such a house guarantees comfortable accommodation. The house of wood always seems cozy and warm.

Another advantage of wooden buildings is their relative cheapness. This is justified by almost one hundred percent quantitative predominance of houses of wood over stone in rural areas. Although recently, the use of modern technologies in the construction of wooden houses is much higher than them. You probably already guessed that I was talking about glued bar.

In general, several types of wooden house-building are now distributed in our country:

- houses hand logging;

- houses from the rounded log;

Hand logging is, as they say, classic. If you decide to choose this option, it is necessary to understand that the quality of the house is very large (in the greatest compared to other options), depends on the qualifications of carpenters that it is chopped and put. Bad workers can ruin the best stuff.

The house from the rounded log is simpler. But in general, in middle lane Russia and even more so in the north, I would not advise using such a log in the construction of houses for permanent residence. This material is best suited for country option. Why is that? This is described in detail in the video that you can see below.

Houses from the usual brusie brushes, easy to assemble, they are not difficult to build with their own hands. But the walls from the bar need extra outdoor and interior decoration And often in additional insulation.

The glue bar is a modern material with excellent properties. But his price of many makes it abandon this option.

Of course, wooden houses besides wonderful advantages there are a lot of flaws. - "Live" material. It is susceptible to drier, swelling from moisture, rotting. The tree is burning, it can start a coroede. Modern construction industry is quite successfully fighting with these negative properties. Now there are a large number of different impregnations that protect the house from moisture, fire, microorganisms and insects. The main thing is to remember that the processing of the house must be carried out with a certain periodicity (no less often in five years).

About this and many other things in detail tells in a wonderful video, the head of a large construction organization engaged in wooden house-building. If you decide to build a house from a tree or if not yet decided on the choice, this little film will be very useful to you ...

Perennial observations show: By purchasing a land plot, almost all without exception are immediately looking for and hiring builders, bypassing the architect. Why this happens, it is clear: a person is led by a completely natural desire to save. But if you count, what then will the finishes, alterations and restructuring of the country housing are abolished, then the savings can not be speech. Meanwhile, the architect is exactly the person who can and should prevent possible mistakes and accosages of builders. Unlike bricklayers, finishes or roofers, he considers the problem in the complex.

Unfortunately, even understanding this, we often talk like this: "grandfathers and great-grandfathers are our own architects themselves. And nothing - stand at home. And then: I better know what I needed, and the extraneous uncle will begin to invent - and goodbye a dream. " But then let me argue: alas, too much we broke off from nature to know its laws and correctly apply them in practice. Yes, and building materials every year more and more. Look to understand what is really necessary for the incarnation of a dream.

That's who, for example, can definitely answer: what kind of house is better to build in the suburbs - stone or wooden? With this, simple at first glance, we appealed to architects Dmitry Bykov and Alexander Dolinin. And that's what they answered us.

DB: Of course, traditionally in the suburbs built wooden houses: log cabins of four or five walls. Forests in the suburbs were a lot, grabbed everything. Even in Soviet times, when it was impossible to just go to the forest with an ax, and it was necessary to get permission to build a house, all the same, the tree did cheaper than brick. Remember: Another twenty years ago, if it appeared in the village of village or the country's partnership near Moscow brick house, then there will certainly live or merger, or butcher, or an employee of the "solid" organization. And gradually there was an opinion that the stone house is a symbol of prosperity, solidity. Is it just good? In our opinion, a high-quality tree for construction is not more suitable for the construction.

• High-quality tree is what?

DB: First of all, competently processed. Previously, when the tree was handled by hand, to each log was, it can be said, an individual approach. Secrets special knew. For example, have you seen a log cabin? Remember how the annual rings are located on it? Notice that they are asymmetrical? Meanwhile, it is important to know that from that side, to whom the tree has been addressed to the north, the rings are closer to each other adjacent. This means that the density and strength of this part of the log is greater. It is this sideways and put it out. And inside the house, a more loose south side of the wood turned out.

Now everything is much simpler: they shoved the log in the machine, and no one looks at any annual rings. Easy and fast. Wood smooth and smooth turns out - what else to wish? But experience has shown that handworking Still more reliable. If the tree is inspired by an ax, then when you hit, wood pores seemed to be pressed. And the mechanical knife goes in a circle and, on the contrary, the pores open. This means that the moisture will get absorbed in the wood, and in the end, a log or a bar may crack the thickness on 2/3 of its thickness.

• You are so interested to talk about the tree. But still, really a brick house worse?

DB: It is unambiguous to answer hard. It is necessary to proceed from what kind of goals are built a house. If for permanent residence, then brick, of course, is better. And if you go there only by the departments, we recommend the tree.

• And the point here, as it turned out, not at all in the heating system. It doesn't matter what we will heat the house or cottage - AGB or the stove. It is important how to make a house. Here, for example, we left him for the winter, and then we decided to go skiing on the weekend. If the house is wooden, heats up quickly, and the brick - the clock will need six. Yes, and it warms it only inside. If on the street frost, the wall remains cold. So it turns out that in the "middle" brick wall, where heat with cold converges, moisture is formed. Water falls into the gap of the brick, dry does not have time: it will begin to evaporate. Then you left - the house cooled. Water inside brick masonry will freeze. A week later, let's say, you arrived again, again flooded the furnace or turned on AGB. We left - everything frozen again. Gradually cracks are expanding, and the brick is destroyed. So it turns out that Brick houses are "contraindicated" to the Skier Skier Skier. Or they will have to turn it all winter, without a break.

DB: But in fact, this is not the most important problem. Before you decide to build a house, you need to choose the right area for construction ...

• What should I consider choosing a plot?

HELL.: First of all, it is necessary to study our "Cus" of the Earth very well. And this should be done by experts. Deciding with the sides of the world, they will analyze soils, soils, learn the surroundings (the presence of water bodies, forests, terrain). But it is not necessary to think that it is enough to pick up the top layer of the Earth to understand the degree of cunning of groundwater, possible water lenses (emptiness in the soil, formed due to the continuous washing of soil underground water), etc. Even breathable You can define it. Here, I repeat, without a specialist can not do. However, and the usual citizen is not worn know that the best foundation for any construction is rocking soils. Slowly stable soil is considered sand. The most common soil in the Moscow region is clay and loam. And the greatest troubles and problems are waiting for developers on peat and swampy soils.

But as experience shows, on any type of soil, the wooden house "behaves" is better than the stone. Because it is easier and less pronounced deformation.

• Recently, it has become fashionable to fold the wooden log cabin brick. How justified for the Moscow region?

DB: It's all from poverty. It is often like this: the man bought or inherited an old wooden log house. Wood is already damaged, so the new owners decide to hide old wooden walls "under the brick". Sort of new house It turns out. From aesthetic point of view, it's not bad, but it will not change anything constructively: warmer will not become warmer, and the wooden walls will even relent more. Especially if there is no natural ventilation. In general, there is a good little.

What can be done if you still decided to put a wooden house with bricks? If a brick wall It is close to wooden, you need to leave the ventilation holes under the roof and at the foundation. And best of all, the distance between wooden and brick wall It was no less than three centimeters. True, there is one problem: there may be mice or wasps between the walls. Moreover, to smoke them from such a dry warm nest will be very difficult.

As for new wooden log cabins, it is absolutely no need to wait for their brick. No extra heat is, believe me, will not add. High-quality wooden house and so quite warm and reliable.

• By the way, what is better to build a wooden house - from logs or from a bar?

DB: Between the log and the bar there is a significant constructive difference. Clearly, a round log, and the bar is square or rectangular. At first glance it seems that the log is more massive, stronger. But if you remember how the logs are put - one thing is one, then it is obvious that the round on the round do not put tightly. So it turns out: the thermal insulation of the log is much worse than the bar of the same section. Yes, and from aesthetic point of view, the bar is more suitable for the construction of houses. From it immediately, the smooth wall is obtained, it does not need to be additionally separated.

But the bar has one drawback. It is known that any tree over time "leads" - it begins to move, cracking. The same thing happens with a bar, especially if it is a long length, six meters, for example. Gaps are formed between adjacent bars. But between the logs of the gap, imagine are not so significant.

True, now in construction began to use a groove-cream bar: on the one hand, the comb, on the other, the groove. The comb enables the groove, and the bars are connected, as in the children's designer. Mostly so the Finns do. And our builders could also, but the technology has not yet mastered. But our masters came up with another "technology" - shy in a log on the inside. It turns out outside - log, and inside - timber. This method is called half lights. But this, of course, dear handmade.

• Another important question: how to be unfair? That is, the part of the house, which we managed to build up to winter, but under the roof "did not fail." It is clear that the "wintering" for such a house will not pass without a trace.

So, it turned out that the wooden house "to control" is easier. If the wooden log house is left for winter without a roof, it does not bother it, because the tree is a material alive. It freezes, fatters, "play a little" (builders say so) and will fall into place. You can continue to build. But if the brick box "will play", will have to re-erect the walls. And even the foundation "under the winter" should not be left.

What to do if construction with the first snow has not ended, but continues? It turns out that in this case there is a risk that the "winter" laying will differ from the "summer". On the "winter", the so-called "sustains" can be shot: so that the solution in the winter does not freeze, salt is added to it. If the proportions are observed incorrectly, with time the salt will appear on the wall surface, changing its color. But this is a topic for a separate conversation. And we will return to the construction of the house.

Is it possible to buy a plot together with the foundation?

HELL.: Indeed, now there are many such options. But we usually do this to our customers do not advise. After all, how is it? I bought a person a plot with a foundation and rejoices - they say, already a third of the house is ready. In the spring came, and the foundation crashed, twisted or flew at all. As a last resort, something can be corrected if there is project documentation. But even if you were lucky and got a good finished foundation, as a rule, a new calculation is still required. And here it is necessary to take into account the soil, and the type of walls, and the load. In general, actually reinstate. So our advice: it is better to buy a "clean" plot.

• And if you bought a new home, how to check if everything is fine with him?

HELL.: If no one lived in the house for several years (and therefore it was not heated), then to participate in his completion still will have to. The first thing you need to pay attention is cracked. In the brick house they go along the top of the walls, and in a wooden - between the logs and the basement. If the cracks are thin (as construction workers say - hair), then may not increase. But they are worth watching them. For this, paper strips - beams stick on them: if the paper does not break, then cracks do not grow and you can easily enter and live. And if you increase - go to the architect. He, in turn, will turn to designers. And all together will decide what to do. Alone, without the participation of specialists, I assure you, it is impossible to solve this problem.

• Well, suppose, lucky, and there are no cracks. So everything is in order?

HELL.: Do not hurry. There are other problems. For example, the so-called problem of "typical houses". What does it mean? Well, take at least garages. Now many want to have a built-in garage. Why, it is clear: to save space on the plot, and that the car does not stand on the street. But, alas, for the Moscow region it is not a completely successful idea.

As a rule, at home with integrated garages is a typical European version. Garages in such houses are below the level of the ground (builders call it "bewitched"). If we remember our Moscow region climate, we can safely say that in such a garage will be full of water, and even dirt (with our roads!). To pump all this "Welcome", you need a special storm sewage, pumping system. And this, I tell you, expensive pleasure. And even if the built-in garage is on the same level with the Earth, these problems are still not avoided.

Another error: many want the garage to be with heating, they say, "as in the West." But in our climate, designers advise to keep the car at a street temperature. Then she does not rust. So it turns out that buying "typical" houses is not always reasonable. After all, the basis of typical construction lies someone ready projectAnd, as a rule, imported samples are often taken as the basis. So, the same errors (or inconsistencies to our Russian problems) will be postponed from home to the house.

• But according to the unanimous opinion of specialists - there are no impossible projects for our craftsmen. As they say, it all depends on the amount you expect to spend on construction. And since the magnitude land plot. Agree, stupid to squeeze a three-storey house on a six-weave area. But most importantly, our advice to you: Before starting any construction, consult with a professional architect. Believe me, it is he who will save you from possible troubles and errors.

For your information

Wood: from antiquity to this day

More than a thousand years in Russia were used in construction wood conifers. First of all, larch. She always grew in Russian expanses in large numbers. Even today, the Urals, Siberian and Far Eastern forests are 50% composed of larch. But not only therefore preferred her preference. Despite the fact that the needles of larch fall every fall as leaves, this tree still belongs to coniferous rocks. And first of all, because its wood highlights the resin. This, as it turned out, the main advantage of coniferous in front of other species of trees. The fact is that the resin creates a natural waterproofing of wood: droplets of the resin are inside the pore of the tree, and when it dies, the resin solidifies and does not give moisture to penetrate inside.

The larch very much respected by Peter I. It began to be exported to Europe to Europe. By the way, piles, on which Venice still stands, are made from the Russian larch. And what to say about the northern capital of Russia - St. Petersburg! All the lower crowns of houses, and sometimes whole houses were built from larch. Its unusually solid wood and exceptional moisture resistance allow us to admire the creations of Petrovsky times. Today, you will rarely see the house, fully folded from larch: its transportation is expensive, and it also grows the tree is not as fast as spruce and pine. From here and high price.

By the way, everyone coniferous breeds differ in color. The larch the shade is brownish, the pine - reddish, the ate is golden. A spruce and pine have a more loose wood structure, but at home built from these breeds are able to simultane good hundred years.

However, according to experts, the service life of the tree largely depends on its proper training - drying and processing. I want to separately say about the processing of the tree. Today in the construction of houses use:

1. Chopped log
2. Rounded log
3. Planed Bar.
4. Glued bar.

The most expensive material - glued bar. Make it in several stages and on special equipment. If there is enough ax to produce a chopped log, for the manufacture of a planed timber - a plane or machine with a mechanical knife, then a high-precision machine is needed for glued timber (often with software control), electrovenics, press, etc. The dried wood is first cutting on the bonds (lamella) with a width of 75 mm, then glued them with superproof waterproof glue. Moreover, it is not glued as it fell, and so that the fibers of the wood intersect at a certain angle and, resisting, did not allow the bruus to crack and deform. Usually one bar consists of three lamellas. So it is not surprising that one square meter Houses from a chopped log costs from $ 100, and from a glued bar - from $ 300.

1. Rounded log. Special propyl is done
To remove the internal voltage in the wood
2. Planed timber. The smaller the grooves, the smaller the probability of cracks
3. glued bar. Four lamellas allow you to do a lot of grooves

But on this tree processing does not end. There are still numerous impregnations ahead. Without them in modern construction not enough. This is protection against moisture and fire, applying antiseptics. So the preparation of the tree for construction is the long procedure.

But to collect a wooden house in one week. But working with a brick for the house of the same size will take at least three weeks.

How to distinguish a cottage from home?

Working on the material, we talked not only with architects and builders. We were interested in the opinion of the owners country houses and plots. So, in the conversations often sounded the word "cottage". And it turned out that in our country it is customary to call the word "cottage" any big brick house. In fact this is not true. Let's try to figure out the terms.

• House - Any residential structure. The house in rural areas is usually designed for one or two families and is not necessarily intended for permanent residence. The house in which they live only in the summer is customary.
• Cottage - This is also a house, but necessarily for permanent residence. Therefore, it is provided by all the necessary communications. But even if there is hot water, toilet, bathroom, or even a sauna with a swimming pool, the house will not become a cottage if the usual rustic or country houses. Another thing is, if such a house is connected to other buildings with a single system of communications. And most importantly: the work of this system should monitor a special service, and not a separate household owner. In other words, the cottage is a house on one or more owners, located in the cottage settlement.
• Mansion - This is the same cottage, but with some difference. Judging by the title, such a comfortable house with all amenities should be separately ("especially") from others and belong to one family. Home mansion may not live in it round year, and the responsibility for the state of the building and communications falls on a servant permanently residing in the house. She provides guard.
• Manor - This is also a mansion, but located not just far from other houses, but necessarily on the big plot of land with a garden, park and alleys. In such a house, except for servants and security, a gardener, chauffeur and other service personnel reside.

Another commotion: It is believed that the cottage is only stone. So, nothing like that! It's all about filling. That is, the class of the house is determined by the fact the accommodation is equipped. As for the prayer, this also does not affect the classification of houses. For example, Count Sheremetev believed that the true nobles need to have an area of \u200b\u200bat least 900 sq.m. So we are mostly falling, the maximum, in the category of middle-hand landlords.

The classification was proposed by the Director General of the Style-LMK construction firm Sergey Evgenievich Kovalovnikov.

How to choose high-quality wood

Buying materials for construction, note that the color of the tree is smooth, light, without spots. If stains have fed on wood, it means that it is amazed by fungal diseases. The tree should be easy, the annual rings should be clearly visible. The less pore, the better: it means that the tree was spinning correctly. Winter cutting tree is considered better. If you cut down in summer, with time on wood there may be a blue. The average thickness of the barrel for the construction of a warm house is 25 - 30 cm in diameter.

Types of foundations

Foundations are four types: columnar, ribbon, pile and foundation plate.

• If a foundation column, on the perimeter of the whole house, there are pillars made of bricks, stone or reinforced concrete. Such a foundation, according to experts, correct the lighter. It is most often laying under wooden houses. So if you purchased a plot with a bar foundation, there is no reason for concern.
• Ribbon foundation It passes with a solid reinforced concrete ribbon throughout the perimeter of the house. As a rule, it is calculated on a certain type of walls and a specific load. If you bought a plot on which it is already worth ribbon foundation, It is made "with the reserve" of strength and there is a necessary documentation, you can risk and build a house on it.
• Foundation plate. This is a serious thing. Make it like this: they make the pit, lay the reinforcement, then poured it with cement and leveled. It turns out the monolith, and is called the foundation plate. On such a stove you can already build a solid house.
• Concerning pile foundation It is definitely not useful. If you are inexperienced by bought a plot with a pile of five years ago, the first thing that will have to do is to pull them out of the ground. Then decide where to give them, and in the end to confess to yourself that you are overpaid. The pile foundation is not subject to no corrections.

What do you need to know by buying a closer or finished house?

1. The buyer must take project documentation from the seller (and it is obliged to provide it). If for some reason there are no such documents, require at least a certificate from the BTI.
2. Before completing the acquired home, it is necessary to call a geologist, which will take the soil samples and make a conclusion about the state of the soil.
3. The foundation survey makes the designer. It also defines the bearing ability of the foundation.
4. The conclusion of the state of the walls and floors is made, after which recommendations are issued on the results of research, written by experts.

Wooden House: Advantages and Disadvantages

You can safely attribute its durability to the indisputable advantages of a wooden house. A properly folded house made of high-quality tree will serve at least one hundred years. There are cases when not only the upper and average fragments of the walls (crowns) were replaced, but the lower part of the house is entirely. While brick masonry It is impossible to replace, without destroying the walls. The foundation under the wooden house is also easier to repair or even completely replace.

The tree has not only excellent thermal insulation, but also heat transfer. The wooden house is easier to breathe, the smell of resin is even useful for health.

The disadvantages of a wooden house include its "flammability". Although now there is a lot of refractory impregnations. It is also worth remembering that the wooden house requires constant care. Painting, impregnation, and if necessary and redecorating It should be done at least once every 5 years.

1. So that melt water did not wash the house, you need to make a break. To do this, there is a shallow trove around the foundation (approximately the depth of the bayonet shovel). It is laid out clay and tamper, and on top poured concrete. Thus, water from the roof and from the drainage pipes will fall to the breakfast, and not to accumulate under the house. If there are few seats near the house or beds are too close, make a break of at least with a leeward side of the house - where the sediments inevitably fall on the wall.
2. If you inherited an old log house and you want to give him a more presentable species, you can bind it with vinyl siding. This is a cheaper and reliable way to protect wood than brick. In this case, the house will "breathe", and the process of rotting wood will slow down. If there is no noticeable damage, then it is enough to paint the walls once every 3 to 4 years.

Tree + stone \u003d arbolit

If you can't decide on how much the house will be closer to you, a stone or tweezavoy - the material from which you can build a house, which will combine all the advantages of both a detective house and stone - is Arbolit.

The arbolit in composition is a compressed chip of a certain size, up to 90% in the total mass and high quality cement. This combination of composition components makes the arbolit first among building materials in many characteristics.
The material is not deservedly forgotten in the 90s, but known since the middle of the last century, because the Soviet GOST was approved back in 1984, at that time, not only low-rise buildings were built from this material, but also apartment houses. Evidence of this, preserved in the excellent working condition of the village in the Arkhangelsk region, residents of houses celebrate that despite the fact that houses for more than 30 years, they are also warm as in the first years of operation. This is an indisputable fact, in favor of the frost resistance of arbolit, which does not lose their heat engineering qualities with time.
As for the other characteristics of arbolit, which differs from other materials favorably, it is worth noting the following.
By heavynessarbolit is as close as possible to the tree, because in the composition, as mentioned earlier to 90% of chips. The air in the house from Arbolit is heated quite quickly, as energy is not spent on heating walls.
Foreign safety. Due to the fact that the chips in the cement container is isolated, this material refers to a group of weakly thorough and non-flames, unlike wood.
By strengtharbolita is no equal, he recordsman in work on bending. Even with exceeding the loads 4 times, it will be squeezed and then rectifies again, but does not break down, as for example, gas / foam concrete blocks. Takku Strength Arbolit received at the expense of chips, which reinforces the block as steel wire.
Ecology. In Arbolit, there is nothing superfluous, only natural chip, cement and an environmentally friendly supplement calcium chloride, due to which sucrose is pulled out of chip, and the possibility of rotting is eliminated.
Weight. Arbolite blocks are sufficiently lightweight, chips, hidden inside the block, does not give excess weight. Due to this, a lightweight foundation can be used for the construction of a house from Arbolita, the same as, for example, for home from gas / foam concrete blocks. Walls from Arbolita load the foundation 6 times less than the walls of full-scale brick.
As you can see, the arbolit took the best from the best. The ecology of the tree and the strength of stone structures, so we can say about the house from Arbolit. But it is important to remember that any material requires care - and the arbolit in this case is no exception. After all, if you don't care for the house, that is, do not follow the temperature, then the walls of the house will serve you much less than it was stated.

Each of us dreams of reliable, durable and beautiful wooden country house. When the project is ready to choose construction materialbecause It is from him that the quality of the future structure depends. Previously, when choosing a material, we referred to feedback and recommendations of our friends. Today, thanks to a large number of professional developers, you can get all the information and determine what tree to build a house. In this article we will analyze in detail from what is better to build wooden houses based on reviews of professionals and structural owners.

Advantages of wooden houses

The main advantage in the construction of wooden houses, according to their owners, is the environmental friendliness of the material. Having studied all the reviews about such buildings, you can allocate their main advantages:

• The house has an original appearance, a fabulous harmonious atmosphere filled with a pleasant smell of wood.
• The house has high characteristics of sound and thermal insulation.
• All materials used are environmentally friendly and not harmful to human health.
• A short time construction, the whole process takes from 2 to 6 months.
• Performance finishing work Does not require major difficulties and costs.
• In compliance with the rules of operation, the bar can serve over 50 years.
• Minimum exercise costs of the foundation.

Disadvantages of wooden structures

Among the owners of wooden houses, there are negative reviews. Negative experience is affected only in incorrectly and poor-quality selected material. Quite often encounters material with defects and absence of antiseptic treatment. Also when buying a tree on the market there is a chance to get a wet forest with mold elements or fungus. Build a wooden house from such a matter is categorically not recommended, it is necessary to wait until the forest will not dry, so the owners are upset and get a negative experience.

Selection of material

There are many materials that are used in the construction of houses. When the project is already ready, the question arises from what is better to build? After examining the reviews of owners wooden cottagesWe took the most widely used materials and describe them in detail below.

House from a cluster of natural humidity

House from Bruus natural humidity perfect option For giving. As a tree, these breeds are used as: spruce, cedar or pine. The constructed design requires careful insulation with clapboard or blocus. As a result of insulation, the house from a cluster of natural humidity disappears the ability to "natural breathing", i.e. After its processing, the ecological level of such a structure is reduced. As a result, the air will be able to enter only through window or doorways, from which wood will begin to choke, which will provoke the formation of fungus or mold. A lot of an important point Such a construction is complication in the process of shrinkage of the house and the absence of horizontal shifts, so the walls should be collected using wooden brazed. For high-quality work on the shrinkage of this bar, it is best to use the services of specialists. Thus, the house from a natural humidity vehicle has a beautiful appearanceBut from the point of view of the environmental material, it loses.

Glued timber

This design cannot be attributed to buildings from an environmentally friendly material. In the production of material, glue is used to which all wood is impregnated. As a result, the tree loses its useful qualities and properties, and begins to allocate dangerous substances. IN technological process Wood processing takes place of resin, which close the pores of the tree, from which it just stops breathing. With chamber drying, wood is completely dried at the time of gluing the bar and entering the construction, the material absorbs moisture, which entails the formation of cracks. It is this indicator that reduces popularity and in demand in the construction of houses from glued timber. Based on all information, it can be concluded that this processing involves the loss of all natural wood qualities, so it is not desirable to build up from this material.

From the discussions on the forum: "My personal experience showed that the house of glued bar is not the most a good option. The design is constantly wet with the presence of a fungus on the walls. I regret that I did not immediately consult about this material. "

Using a rounded log

They gain great popularity in the construction of country houses. Due to the use of modern equipment in processing, log products are smooth and the same. These characteristics make it well to build a log without leaving gaps and cracks. Another advantage of this material is that he can easily give any form. This allows you to build a house from a log of any complexity of the architectural project. Despite all positive moments, there are nuances in working with this product. In the process of processing a rounded log, its protective layer is lost, and when hand, it is saved. If you want to increase the service life of the house from the tree, we advise you to process it with high-quality antiseptics. The procedure for processing the structure must be repeated annually, this will increase the service life of the structure and give it a well-kept appearance.

Hand logging structure

Expression "my house-my fortress" is best description Houses from the hand logging, and that is why. After examining the reviews of the owners of houses from the manual logging, it became clear that the construction of such structures are an excellent value for money. The logs of manual logging are environmental and natural materialwhich is not subjected to any processing and does not carry harmful substances. To obtain a log, the tree of the required diameter is chosen, which is squeezed and coiled, such a procedure allows you to protect the material from external stimuli. Of course, choose the necessary logs task is not easy, but real. This case should approach responsibly, because From the quality of the logs will depend on the shrinkage of the house, the strength of carrier partitions, the life and the appearance of the design. At the end stage, an important point is the laying of the first crown, as well as the presence of proper propuls. This will allow the tree to preserve the integrity of the side walls of the log and protect the design from the negative impact of the external environment. And in the completion of construction, the entire structure is treated with a tinting impregnation, it will allow the house to breathe and eliminate the formation of fungus and the appearance of insects. Such a project has high characteristics of environmental friendliness, and its most importantly, its appearance is able to delight for many years.

Based on all the features obtained wooden materialsIt is best to build a house from a manual log cabin. This material is successfully used in the West, because wood is made without impurities and chemical treatments.