To date, there is a fairly wide selection of materials for the construction of the house, construction technology progresses, all new materials for houses appear. The choice of a particular material is determined by its quality, cost, durability of the material, thermal conductivity, the need for additional finishes.

It is important how the building will be operated is the whole year or seasonally. It is necessary to take into account the conditions of operation during the cold climate. That is why the developer is so important to determine the material from which the house is erected.

All wall designs possess their advantages and minuses. The developer must necessarily have an idea of \u200b\u200bthe merits and disadvantages of the material for the design of the walls, in whose favor it makes a choice.

Before starting the construction of the cottage, it should be remembered that the cost of the foundation, walls and roofs is sometimes more than 50% of the total cost of the house. And the cost of the walls in these homes is about 40% of the cost of the house. Therefore, the choice of material of walls in low-rise buildings is a strategic question.

Houses from wood

Wooden houses around the world are considered elite, they are easy to breathe in them, they are always beautiful, cozy and warm. Building a house from a tree does not require a fill of a heavy foundation, these houses are pretty easy compared to panel or bricks.

Houses from the rounded log are of increasing interest among developers. Brother for such houses are made of pine, spruce, fir, cedar. After proper drying, the log turns into a wonderful building material. Houses are durable and strong. Walls made of thick logs perfectly keep warm in winter, while no additional insulation is needed.

Currently, pinned logs are manufactured on modern equipment, carry out high temperature drying of the tree. The house of the rounded log is warm, "breathing", durable, environmentally friendly.

House built from profiled wooden barCombins good thermal insulation properties and environmental friendliness. Many architects create unique cottages and modern from this material. country houses.

The house from the profiled timber has its advantages:

1) The log house is constructed relatively quickly, because the logs are made on modern machines with sufficiently high accuracy.
2) After the sediment of the carrier structure, the log house does not necessarily, the heater consumption is minimal.
3) With the right selection of the profile, water does not pass between the logs, it warns possible rotting.
4) Additional finishes are not required, because the house from the profiled bar is immediately attractive and tidy appearance.

When building such houses, raw materials are the winter log forest. The forest is processed on modern machines on special technology. Using drying chambers, the necessary moisture of wood is achieved.

Brick is the most common material for the construction of low-rise buildings. Walls from this material are durable. Today there are a lot of structures, masonry methods, a variety of techniques that increase thermal insulation brick wallsfacilitating their weight. For the construction of a brick house, it is necessary to build the right foundation. After building a box of the house, it is recommended to let dry the walls before finishing.

According to the cost of construction, a brick house is usually more expensive of houses from other materials. But the indisputable positive properties of this material are obvious. From the brick you can create wonderful and warm low-rise buildings with a variety of architecture.

Houses from reinforced concrete panels

Such houses are quite similar. The advantage is that the construction of a box of low-rise buildings can be carried out in a few weeks. You can start finishing work immediately after installing the walls.

If necessary, quickly erecting a low-rise building reinforced concrete panels Representing great interest to developers.

The sandwich panels have the following construction: two planes of woodcrews or plywood (sometimes from the boards) are attached to wooden frameThe insulation is stacked between the outer and inner walls. Since the sandwich panels are manufactured at factories in accordance with typical projects, house projects are also somewhat monotonous. A big plus can be considered that when all the rules for installing and accuracy of sizes are met mounting work The house boxes leave at least time and not always be sure to attract qualified workers. Wherein finishing work You can start immediately after the construction of the walls. Walls made of sandwich panels undergo chemical treatment, which protects them from dampness, from pests, from ignition. The house from the sandwich panels can be built for months. Another advantage of such buildings is that by service life, they are not inferior to wooden houses.

Houses from light concrete blocks

To date, a large number of structures and materials with improved thermal insulation parameters are used in the construction practice. In low-rise construction, such materials are used particularly wide. Blocks are manufactured both individual and industrial method. The basis of lung concrete is made from Portland cement. The type of concrete is called depending on the type of aggregates. If, for example, a grazit or slag is used for aggregate, such concretes, respectively, is a ceramzite concrete, slag concrete, etc. Walls made of lung concretes are small and monolithic. The low cost and availability of the source materials, the exhaust construction technology and good qualities become often a decisive condition when choosing in favor of this type of walls.

Foam blocks are perhaps the most inexpensive from alternative species Similar material. Sometimes they allow you to reduce the cost of construction almost 3 times. The foam blocks from the cement dough mixed with whipped foam from rosin oil and a special component with a stable structure are made. Concrete with a cellular structure formed during the curing of foam has all the necessary thermal insulation qualities. The foam concrete blocks that have reached the foam concrete on the slabs of the required size.

The main purpose of the product from foam concrete is the laying of partitions, internal and outer walls, heat insulation of floors and roofs. These blocks are quite lightweight, have good sound and thermal insulation properties. Products from foam concrete are not inferior to a traditional aerated concrete in quality indicators. Thanks to the technology and applied equipment, the cost of products from foam concrete is 25% less than from a cellular aerated concrete.

Houses from Gasoblokov

Aerated concrete is made from Portland cement with the addition of silica and gas formation. Often air lime is added to this mixture. After pouring the mixture in the form, treatment is carried out in autoclaves. During construction, large aerated concrete products are cut into separate elements.
The complexity when building walls from aerated concrete is significantly less compared to the construction of brick walls.

Houses from Slagobeton

Slag concrete - light materialwhich is often used in low-rise construction. Many block and monolithic printed walls of houses are made from slag concrete. This material is manufactured using a metallurgical or fuel slag with a binding agent. Walls made of slag concrete are strong enough, non-mooring, malfunitary. The binding material for this type of concrete serves cement, gypsum lime or clay. Walls are more warm and dry, where the binders are a cementless slag concrete.

Walls made of slag concrete are made of separate blocks and printed. The walls are closed with solid, and with voids, while filling the cavity with thermal insulating material.

Polystyrene foam (foam) has remarkable thermal insulation properties. There are technologies for which in a few months it is possible to build two-storey cottage "Turnkey" with minimal material and labor costs. Such construction technologies have become possible due to the excellent properties of foam plastic, which is a porous plastic, which is obtained during foaming and thermal processing polymers.

The material has a uniform distribution of pores and is formed with intensive separation of gases that swell the polymer under the action of temperature. Polyfoam is very lung, it is enough elastic and flexible, not subject to rotting. The polystyrene foam applies to the most common type of foam. Polystyrene is a fairly harsh material, resistant to moisture, many acids and alkalis.

A large disadvantage of expanded polystyrene is its flammability, so this material is better installed in closed structures with fire-resistant outer-drying. It should be noted that when the walls are erected, only polystyrene foam panels walls will have low mechanical strength. However, together with the brick cladding, it is possible to obtain wall structures that have not only high mechanical strength, but also excellent thermal insulation properties.

Individual construction growth led to the emergence in the market different materials, Including such, about which no one had previously heard. The range is so big that even people experienced often lose, not knowing what to choose. Let's try to figure out what modern materials Attractive not only in terms of cost, but also the feasibility of use in the construction of private houses.

As a rule, individual developers are focused on the following indicators:

• price of materials (including facing);
• the ability to maximize all operations with your own hands;
• the overall weight of the structure, as the type of foundation and the cost of installation depends on this largely;
• the cost of finishing;
• durability;
• the frequency of the current (capital) repair.

Considering some types of new materials, we will dwell only on their specific features.

First, exhaustive information for each sample is not a topic for this article. Who will be interested in details, will be able to familiarize themselves with all the "pluses" and "minuses" on our website in the section " Construction Materials"Where almost all popular are described in detail.

Secondly, many disadvantages are very relative, since the manifestation of defects is often caused by non-quality of products, but violations of work technology and ignorance of elementary things (on waterproofing, temperature expansion, compatibility, and so on). So, let's start reviewing:

Wood

Cleaning ram

Of all the materials of the category "Wood" professionals, it is recommended to give preference for these products.

• Strict geometry significantly simplifies installation and cavitation.
• The finish is practically not needed.
• Excellent appearance at home.
• Good microclimate.

Experts celebrate the main lack of glued timber - will need additional insulation, otherwise the cost of heating will be significant. Details about the bar.

Log-rounded log

Possessing the above advantages, this material will require a slightly large cost of construction. Most likely, it will have to attract specialists, at least at the stage of the construction of a church. Read about the construction of a rounded log in.

Stone artificial

Gasobutton

In every way good stuff. But it absorbs moisture quite intensively. Therefore, when it is used, it will take high-quality waterproofing. And this entails the need to produce shockting, which limits the choice of the facing type.

Foam concrete

The specifics of its use is that this artificial stone is quite fragile. And this causes difficulties when attaching attachments and furnishing items (lockers, shelves, and so on). Just you do not throw a nail into it and you will not install a self-tapping screw (with a sleeve) - it will not be kept. Only anchor bolts, and this is not convenient everywhere.

From foam concrete can be built in 1, maximum 2 floors, and that, with the reinforcement of the structure. Comparison - perhaps you have not already knew.

Polystyrevbeton

Of all artificial stones It is considered the best. According to its properties (vapor permeability, environmental safety), it is largely reminiscent of wood. Its main advantage is practically zero thermal conductivity. This material itself is an excellent insulation, and the additional work in this regard will not be performed.

Another difference from the analogues - the fungus or mold will never become in the polystyrene bontoon. And given the low cost of production (approximately 1,000 rubles / m³), \u200b\u200bit is this stone that can be recommended as one of the best building materials. By the way, "bricks" can be made in place, without spending money for renting transport to deliver blocks to the site.

Frame technology

Construction from the Sandwich panels is largely profitable. In such a house, it is always cozy, and the cost of heating will be small (per year about 26,500 rubles). But the service life does not exceed 20 years (and this is the maximum). And repair of such a structure can go to the "penter". Having many advantages, such a house does not differ in durability. It is rather the option of a quick solution to a housing problem, but it is not necessary to say that many generations will live in it. Actually, they are talking about

Your house is what each of us would like. In order to have their own home, we are ready for many years to postpone money, keep savings in the bank and hard work. The house is not only a place where we will live for a while, but also what we leave our generation. After all, such a structure we are not building with the calculation of temporary residence, since we hope that the house will be highly built, and there will live a few of our generations, children or even grandchildren. What memory of myself will leave, only depends on us.

A lot of factors affect the construction of the house, such as: the amount of means for the construction, the location of the house, the climatic conditions of the region and much more. And when the construction material is selected, the head is spinning, since all new materials appear on the market, those that are more expensive and those that are cheaper, those about which we know something, and those that we can see at least for the first time. However, agree that when choosing a building material, you need to consider not only its advantages, but also all the flaws inherent in it. Let's look at modern building materials for the walls of the house.

Basic materials for building houses

Despite the fact that there are no absolutely identical homes, however, almost all of them are built from the same materials such as a stone or tree. However, all these materials are pre-processed, which gives them the necessary properties.

Take, for example, a tree: a beam glued or simple, log, boilers. At first glance, everything seems simple. However, it should be noted that such materials have very different characteristics. For example, a rounded log and a bar is two completely different materials in its characteristics. But it is not even all wooden materials.

If we talk about a stone, then we are not talking about a wild stone, but about the created artificially. Such a stone was created with all the necessary properties that are necessary when building a house. Although the varieties of such a stone are really very much, yet they can be classified into three types:

1. Brick.
2. Blocks where the binding component is cement.
3. Blocks made on the basis of clay or lime.

The largest variety of materials exists in a group of building blocks that bind components that are cement. Often, light concrete is used in construction, distinguishing the cement brand, heat-insulating components and composition of the filler.

Brick

Brick is one of the most common materials in the construction of residential premises. In such a material, you can build not only the house from scratch, but also to finish additional designs. Why is brick is so popular? Because such material is strong enough, the fungus is not afraid, it is frostable. In comparison with wooden construction materials, the brick is not subjected to rotting. He is also not afraid of fire, ultraviolet rays and does not give a strong sediment. Brick represents durable Materialwhich meets all environmental standards. The strength of the house built from the brick is explained not only by the quality of the material, but also in the way of masonry, since the upper rod to the lower row of bricks. Thus, you will not see any solid vertical seams on the wall.

Of course, learn how to make a masonry with your own hands is completely simple. It is even for those who do not have much experience in construction work. However, such work will be easier to carry out a qualified technician, as he knows many subtleties in the performance of such work. Another disadvantage in building a brick house is that the brick has a high heat transfer, which leads to a rapid cooling of the room, and for heating the house will be required for several days. In addition, you will not be able to finish all construction work quickly, since the brick is a heavy material, because of which you have to wait for a complete shrinkage of the house, that is, for several months (although the tree has a shrinkage for about a year). Well, perhaps, one of the main flaws is that the price of a brick is high enough.

I would also like to tell about silicate and ceramic brick. It is these two types of bricks often apply in construction work. Therefore, such information will be useful for you.

Ceramic brick

It has a red shade. They make it from the burned clay, which makes the material quite durable. As clay is natural material, the brick does not have harmful toxic substances. It is empty and full, it all depends on the percentage of emptiness inside the material. Such a brick has good thermal insulation properties.

Silicate brick

It has white color. It includes sand, lime and small part of the necessary additives. Like the previous version, this brick is also manufactured as solid and with holes inside. The advantage of solid silicate brick is a variety of colors. And the brick with cavities inside has the best thermal insulation properties. Both options are strong enough.

Cellular foam concrete and fuel-concrete blocks

What distinguishes these two material? Inside the foam concrete there are cells with air, and inside the aerated concrete cell with hydrogen. Both the first and second types of materials have its advantages and cons. Consider each of them separately.

Foam concrete

Laying such material is not too time-consuming, since blocks are sufficiently light and a little more brick. Foam block has good heat insulating properties. An important advantage of foam block is that it is not necessary to give it the necessary form and the amount will not be much difficulty. The thing is that it can be cut with a simple hacksaw or cut off a piece of ax. Thanks to which you can give a block of different forms, make it oval, create erkers, etc., and the foam block does not burn, and it is quite convenient to transport.

From the disadvantages, it is possible to allocate what foam block is a material that has moisture properties. Full shrinkage of the walls will be completed in about a year. Only after a complete shrinkage you can proceed to the facade and internal work His house. As for the foundation, it should be from sustainable foundation plates or monolithic concrete, thanks to this, the walls will not be allowed.

Gasobutton

Enough cheap Material To build a house, which is why it is very popular in the construction industry. The gas chamber has a small weight, it is even easier foam block, which reduces your labor costs. You can give the material the necessary size and form with the help of the same hacksaw. Such material boasts high-quality heat shield and high strength. According to some specialists, aerated concubords combines the strength of the stone and the ease of wood.

The big minus of the aerated concrete is that the wall will constantly accumulate moisture. In order to avoid this unpleasant phenomenon, the wall surface must be chopped by a high-quality waterproofing finish. The second disadvantage is that the material is rather fragile, so large cracks may form when the wall shifts. To avoid it, you need to build a quality belt foundation.

Ceramzitobeton

This material includes sufficiently light components, such as foamed and skimmed clay. Although the material has a small weight, it is used both to create partitions and for bearing walls. It is inherent in such advantages:

• compared with concrete more moisture resistant;
• resistant when exposed to aggressive medium;
• it has excellent noise insulating properties.

The minus of the ceramzite concrete is that when moisture falls into pores, it reduces its frost-resistant properties. The porosity of the material also affects its strength, since you have to constantly count whether the lower blocks will withstand the weight of the next row.

Wood construction with wooden materials

Manual log house

Such a method of building walls in the house also used our grandfathers. How did everything happen? First were determined with the size of the tree trunk, after which the grooves and locks were cut on the tree. After that, the logs were combined, laying out the outlines of the house. Next, it was necessary to wait for a complete shrinkage of the house, which will occur during the year. Only then proceeded to seal the slots and the sheat of the doors and windows. However, this method is no longer used, because it is a rather complicated and time-consuming work. A new method came to replace it, we will talk about him further.

House from Bruus

Building a house from a bar is a fairly simple and fast process. In order for the logs to be smooth and neat, they are treated in production. During the construction of the walls, you will enjoy ready-made details, collecting the house as a designer.

Such bars can be of different sizes and sections. For example, if the bar is oblique, then this is done so that excess water can drain and not stood on the surface. Such a house you can argue with your own hands.

Conclusion

These were the main modern materials for the walls of the house. Of course, you can buy a finished design, however, it remains to be content with what you have. And if you build a house from zero, you can embody your most intimate desires by creating a housing, perfect for you. If you are tuned to the construction of your home, think well what exactly you would like to see in the final result.

Bricks and concrete blocks are traditional building materials from which houses are built. These materials belong to the group "Healthy". Carefully choose the building material for the walls of the house is very important, since this choice is crucial for the future homemade utyaAlso, it is reflected in the operational cost of the building.

The requirements that building materials should correspond to the construction of walls of the house continue to grow. Today, they must have not only excellent mechanical properties, but also thermal and acoustic. An increasing number of people are looking for so-called "healthy" building materials. What is the difference between the goods available in the market and how to make right choiceWhat criteria should pay attention to when buying - we will look at this article.

Modern building materials for walls of the house - Views and Description

Most of the modern private houses are made according to traditional brick technology. Many of these buildings are built of ceramic products. It is well known that brick and concrete blocks are really considered as "Healthy" materials. But the truth lies in the fact that in terms of the degree of radioactivity, they rank late in the list of all available building materials. More radioactive only loaf and aerated concrete with ash content.

Although, of course, these materials continue to meet the guidelines contained in construction standards. Therefore, when taking the final choice, it should be borne in mind that we have also other materials that are much better on the effect on human health.

"Healthy" building materials for finishing walls at home

Building materials should be durable, high quality and harmless to health. Consider some of those that satisfy these conditions.

These are silicate building materials for walls of lime and sand, which are produced using only natural raw materials.

Their composition includes:

• 90% of sand;
• 7% of lime;
• 3% water.

Therefore, these are fully organic materials suitable, including for recycling. In addition, they are the lowest of all available building materials content of harmful radioactive elements. The use of lime in their composition, protects the walls from mold and fungus, which makes the inner part of the building of a healthy and friendly human microclimate.

• can be easily cut to the required dimensions;
• silicates resistant to pressure;
• resistant to fire;
• have good sound insulation;
• characterized by low water absorption;
• hold high frost resistance and excellent ability to accumulate heat.

This building material for walls is relatively difficult, which may make it difficult to transport. The biggest disadvantage of silicates is that they have low thermal insulation.

Aerated concrete - what is it?

Aerated concrete is a building material that is manufactured in the form of blocks with a very high dimensional accuracy. It is the same as the previous material is at the heart of the sand. Also lime, water and small amounts of cement and anhydrite add to it.

The composition determines the condition of the material. Aerated concrete has a very insignificant level of natural radiation background. In this regard, it is in second place after silicates in terms of radiation.

Using blocks from cellular concrete, you can build all types of walls. Work with it is easy and fast. Multilayer walls are usually built using the usual cement mortar, performing a gross grout. Single-layer walls can be constructed by performing thin seams with glue or thick - with a heat-resistant solution. During the subsequent layers, do not forget to preserve the principle of mutual displacement (about 8 - 10 cm).

Foam concrete has the following advantages:

• has high heat insulation;
• characterized by high fire resistance;
• easy to handle.

Nevertheless, it also has some drawbacks, namely: significant water absorption, fragility and low compressive strength. Aerated concrete does not, unfortunately, good sound insulation, in addition, the walls should be protected as soon as possible by external plaster.

Ceramzite is a building material that is produced by appropriate processing and firing clay and clay at a very high temperature. Ceramzite in this case is a substitute for sand or gravel, and due to the fact that it is light, small weight also have blocks made with its use.

From the ceramzite concrete, you can build all types of exterior and inland walls at home. The blocks are placed in the so-called "groove-crest" system (without the need for vertical seams), which makes it easier and speeds up the workflow.

The most popular products from the ceramzite concrete are bricks or blocks with polystyrene heat insulating gasket.

The main advantages of a ceramzite concrete:

• characterized by non-toxicity;
• has one of the lowest levels of natural radioactivity;
• resistant to all types of living organisms;
• does not spoil the microclimate indoors;
• it has high heat insulating properties (especially when the walls are made of polystyrene blocks);
• able to accumulate heat;
• characterized by high compressive strength;
• has high fire resistance;
• different with low water absorption.

The disadvantages of the ceramzite concrete is bad sound insulation and fragility.

Ceramic building blocks whole and porous

Traditional ceramics are currently practically not used for the construction of houses. This material is actually relatively heavy and has bad thermal insulation properties. In order to eliminate these shortcomings, manufacturers began to perform hollow ceramic profiled blocks.

In addition, clay began to mix with sawdust or wood chip, which led to a significant improvement thermal insulation properties Ceramics. At the moment, this building material is a building block of high performance, which led to its vast popularity.

But what properties has this building material for external walls of the house in the aspect of the effect on the health of people? Taking into account the most important criterion for this assessment, i.e. The natural radioactivity of building materials, these products refer to the third group of three existing groups (together with a slag block and aerated concrete, which is based on volatile ash). For comparison, the lowest level of natural radioactivity is characterized by silicates and foam concrete (Group I), in group II is a ceramzite concrete and a conventional concrete.

Choosing the best building material for the house walls, the price does not have a decisive value, are also important specifications Material and its environmental friendliness.

Attention!

Finally, it is worth a somewhat soothe future investors. All building materials available on the market (provided that the manufacturer has quality certificates, in particular, relating to the degree of radioactivity) are safe for human health.

Non-removable
opal Warm
ceramics

Comparison of various materials and their combinations of thermal conductivity:

What to build a house from?

Before starting construction, you need to decide why a country house is needed. Conditionally country houses can be divided into two large categories.

Seasonal houses. They are designed primarily on summer period Accommodation and ambient temperature 0 ... -5 ° C. The walls of such houses are performed in a frame design, from a bar with a thickness of 100 - 150 mm, from a pinned log (up to 220 mm) diameters. Due to the low level of protection of the walls of such a house from heat loss, the cost of building a low.

Some standard wallpapers for such houses:

Houses for permanent residence. The name speaks for itself and implies constant heating in the winter period. They are calculated on the outdoor temperature to -30 ° C. Such houses can be both wooden and stone.

Walls wooden houses Year-round accommodation is performed from a profiled or sawn timber from 200mm and above, with or without insulation, from a rounded or chopped log 240 - 280 mm.

Stone houses of permanent residence are also built by different technologies: monolithic houses in a non-removable formwork, stone houses from gas blocks (gas-silicate blocks), bricks, warm ceramics, ceramzite-concrete blocks.

Typical wall structures for permanent homes:

More information about the energy efficiency of various building materials can be found in the article. Thermal characteristics of wall materials.

We choose building material

Wooden houseusually choose people who are placed in the head of the corner of the building. In such a house, it is more pleasant to relax from the hard work week, sleep, get a psychological discharge. Wooden walls Supports a very comfortable atmosphere for a person - the optimal level of humidity and air exchange. Stone house, First of all, a practical choice. Minimum operating costs, small heat loss and long service life - these are the factors that are forced to think about the construction of such dwellings. Combined house- House that allows you to combine the practicality of the stone house with a lightweight wooden atmosphere. Stone Ground Floor gives space for practical solutions And designer experiments, and in the bedrooms of the wooden second floor there will be a dream and pleasant sleep. General comparative characteristics Materials are reduced into two tables. In the tables are contained general, not technical coefficients and parameters that, in the event of interest, is not difficult to find much difficult. Table 1.

Material	+	-
	A small weight (600 - 900 kg / m3) allows you to use a light small-breeding foundation. Eco-friendly material, performs the role of a natural indoor filter. The ability to leave the inner and outer surface walls without additional finishes. The possibility of year-round construction, wide architectural possibilities, an attractive appearance. Cost.	Fire hazard, susceptible to biological exposure, wood drying, cracking, lower durability compared to stone houses, lower heat transfer resistance walls.
Warm ceramics	High degree of protection against fire, low atmospheric exposure, lack of biological effects, high construction strength, durability, good permeability performance.	The desirability of the use of foundations poured to the depth of freezing of the soil. Internal wall decoration requires restrictions on the construction of walls in winter. The complexity of fastening to the hollow walls of heavy attachments. Fully large wall thickness - 51cm (without insulation). High price.
Monolithic houses (in a non-removable formwork)	Small construction dates. Savings when building foundations. Savings at the cost of wall materials. High heat engineering characteristics of walls. Polystyrene foam - environmentally friendly material, does not contain substances that feed microorganisms. Durability and reliability of monolithic walls. High sessiveness. High storage resistance to destroying on floating foundations.	Not natural environmentally friendly material. Requires wall decoration. For plaster, special nothesive materials are used - "Wet plaster".
Gasilicate blocks (Gas blocks)	Good vapor permeability, high heat capacity. Does not distinguish any harmful substances into the atmosphere. Good frost resistance and durability.	Requires more complex, compared to monolithic houses, foundations. The complexity of fastening to the brittle walls from the gas-blocks of heavy attachments. The inability to lead work in the winter.

Table 2.

Materials	Thermal conductivity	Reliability	Ecologic	Exploitation	Cost of foundation	Fire-security	Poo air-permeability
Bar and log	*	**	***	*	***	*	***
Gasilicate block	**	**	**	***	**	***	**
Foamclock	*	*	**	**	**	***	**
Monolith in non-removable formwork	***	***	**	***	**	**	*
Warm ceramics (picked brick)	**	**	***	***	*	***	**

Some additions.

To maintain a normal thermal and humidity regime in brick houseIt must be constantly drowned. If the house was not used in the winter, it will have to protrud it in the spring before it warms up and in the premises will be dry. A house from a tree or a monolithic house, built on non-removable formwork technology, does not require heating during the winter.

The construction of severe foundation and thick walls of brick is significantly more expensive compared to the construction of a cottage from a tree or the construction of a monolithic house.

In a wooden house More intensively exchange and air purification. Through a log or bar in a closed room, up to 30% of air per day, and the unique properties of these materials allow for dry weather to give the accumulated moisture, and in the crude, on the contrary, to absorb its surplus from the dwelling. That is why wooden houses are distinguished by a special microclimate and high level of comfort. Tree is a very live material. Even after the cut, it continues to breathe, emit heat energy, exhibit the aroma of the resin. Wooden houses give people a bioenergetic feed, they heal them, they have a positive effect on the nervous system of man.

Construction of a monolithic house using non-removable formworkgives creative expanses with the most bold architectural ideas. In this material, any architectural forms can be implemented - from a warm garage for an iron beloved, to the floating lines of a small country residence. And the heating of the structure can be proud of the neighbors - it is so economically.

The house of warm ceramics is a combination of durability, reliability and ecology. The walls of such a house will preserve not one hundred years, paying for their rather high cost. The house of such blocks does not need additional insulation (with a wall thickness in 51cm). The use of natural clay as a basis for ceramic blocks ensures the absence of any chemical impurities in the air. Such a house is a durable investment in which not one generation of descendants will live.

So, define !! If your choice is inclined in favor of cozy wooden house Or you attract reliability and durability of stone - contact our construction company, we will help you choose a project from the catalog, or we will develop a new one for your needs.

Wooden house-building

What tree is better?

Before many developers, the question arises from which breed of the tree to build a house. During the construction of a wooden house, Icestari was preferred by trees coniferous rocks - larch, pine and ate. No wonder the people told the saying: "Izba Elova, and the heart is great!"
The most famous material for wooden construction - pine. It has a solid, impregnated with a resin core and more loose
top. Pine from all conifers is most often used in construction. It is characterized by the greatest straight trunk, the minimum number of bitch and good technical properties. Pine has high resistance to posting, however often (especially in July-August) high humidity tends to "forming". Sinia itself does not change the physicomechanical properties of wood, but spoils the appearance. Pine is the main material for the construction of wooden houses, both in our and in Europe (in particular, in Finland).

No less popular building material - spruce. The physical characteristics of these breeds are very close. A spruce has a stronger outer shell, but a softer core. In a dry condition, wood firing is not inferior to wood pine. The fir is more susceptible to winding, but much less blue. On the global market, the fir is valued above the pine.

Another building material (almost the perfect) - larch, having a unique, only her inherent drawing. The larch is stronger, denser and practically not subject to the influence of moisture, but harder is processed than pine, and easily splits. Therefore, the larch is ideally suited as a wall material, but not used on the material for designs (beams, funds, rafters, tightening, etc.) However, this material is relative to the roads, and not everyone is available.

What can we build walls?

Our construction company offers a large selection of building materials for your home or bath. Let's consider their main types.

Technological material requiring a minimum of manual labor at construction of the house, as the house is going on the constructor's principle. All necessary operations with a rounded log are performed on the place of production, in particular the choice in the rounded log of mounting cups and the seating channel.

The advantage of the rounded log is flat, rounded form that allows you to achieve a dense connection of logs. The diameter of the cylindered logs ranges from 160 to 320 mm. And thanks to the same diameter and high quality surface treatment, rounded logs do not require trimming walls.

The advantages of building houses and baths from a rounded log:

The accuracy of the manufacture of rounded logs and their marking accelerates the assembly of buildings and reduces construction costs;

The beautiful appearance of rounded logs due to the high quality and purity of surface treatment allows you to do without additional wall decoration inside and outside;

The tightness of the wet and angular joints of the logs is ensured by the technological accuracy of the groove and "cups";

Aesthetic attractiveness of buildings built using logized logs.

2. Manually cramped logs with a diameter of up to 40 cm
For manual logging, environmentally friendly, high-quality wood (spruce, pine, larch) is applied, not contaminated by a bug and fungus, having humidity of 45-60%. It is quite easy to process and less deformed when Natural drying in the assembled form. The logs pass manual processing: removal of the bark, protest, sampling of cups and grooves, processing with a planer. With this processing, the upper solid protective layer of the log ("Collot") is preserved. Manual logs are less deformed in the aging process. Corner connections logs between themselves are performed in the "bowl" or in "paw", the crowns are sealed with wooden spikes (heating) after 1000 - 1500 mm, all logs are processed by an antiseptic. Such houses are warmer than collected from the rounded log, their walls are less susceptible to the appearance of cracks. And with high-quality processing log, the appearance of such homes is inferior to homes from the rounded log.
If you like the vintage Russian or Finnish style of houses - this is your stuff!

The house from the profiled timber is the island of comfort and comfort in the world of concrete jungle. Wooden house will delight your owner a very comfortable atmosphere indoors - after alltree is an excellent natural conditioner , supporting air exchange and humidity on a very comfortable level for a person.
In the manufacture of a profiled bar, a high purity of the treated surface is achieved, so the wood becomes almost ground, which allows not to use additional materials for the interior decoration of the wooden house, and therefore, to avoid unnecessary costs. Unlike log, walls in the cottage from the profiled bar, smooth, Thu oh facilitates possible finish, placement of furniture, the use of hinged cabinets.
Currently, many are preferred to this material. The ratio of "price-quality" is optimal here. The cottages from the profiled bar are very modern, look great, well hold the temperature differences, which is very important for the regions of the middle strip of Russia.
Construction of houses and cottages from a profiled timber - a technological process, which includes processing material on the machine, preparation of "cups" with a double lock. Possible preliminary collection of the house in the workshop, which ensures particularly high assembly accuracy. The final assembly includes the construction of a log in the construction site, drilling and fixing the bar with moles.
During the construction of cottages and country houses From the profiled bar, our company uses material manufactured by one of the departments of the company.

4. Normal sawn (unstroken) timber
This is the cheapest building material made of wood. The sawn timber used to build a well-home well, is made of equilateral sections (150x150mm, 200x200mm), or a versatile section (from 150x100 mm). The construction uses either just sawn timber or planed (from one or two sides). Basically, the usual timing segment 150x150, 200x150, 200kh200 mm is used to build country houses (optimal ratio: price / quality), and larger size - for the construction of cottages, followed by insulation and finishing with other facing materials.
However, it is not necessary to forget that a simple bar does not have a thermal castle. Because of this it is difficult to insulate, because The purge coefficient will be several times higher than that of the wall, composed of a properly manufactured log or profiled bar. In any case, after 1 - 1.5 years (after drying a cut), it is necessary to carefully cross the seams between the bars and to decide the walls of the walls both inside and outside (eurogram, sitting, etc.). All these events absorb savings obtained when purchasing the timing itself. The benefit is here in one - such a house can be built (and, therefore, invest money in it) in stages, with a stretching time.

Naturally, with any version of the construction of a wooden house, an antiseptic treatment of walls with special compositions and paints, protecting wood from the formation, putrefactive disease, mold and tree beetles, should be understood.

Technologies of the XXI century: monolithic houses in a non-removable formwork

IN modern worldWhere prices are on building materials, as well as electricity, gas and fuel grow rapidly, the issue of the economy of the construction of cottages is seriously raised, and during operation - savings on heating and air conditioning of houses.
In this regard, we offer technology of monolithic house-building "isode" (using non-removable polystyrene formwork). This technology on thermal, sound insulation, comfort, simplicity and erection rate, as well as durability refers to advanced construction technologies and is intended for the rapid construction of warm, reliable and inexpensive homes.
This technology has passed a long-term test in the United States, Canada and Western Europe, confirming the profitability and durability of this system, and in last years Begins to enjoy popular in Russia. Scope of application of the technology "Isode" - Cottage, rural houses and cottages; construction of shops, cafes; multi-storey residential buildings; Warm individual pools, garages and more.

What gives developers the technology "isode" (monolithic houses)?

Reduced construction time. When using traditional materials (such as brick), the construction of the house is stretched for a long time. If you build on the technology "Isode", the same wall area is raised several times faster.
Economy When building foundations, since the walls of the "isioda" create a significantly lower specific load on the foundation. For such a house, it is recommended to establish a small-breeding foundation.
Savings at the cost of wall materials. Cost square meter The walls of the "isioda" are significant to the cost of the wall of the brick, similar to heat saving.
Benefit From obtaining an additional useful area, since the thickness of the walls "isode" is much less than the thickness of the walls from other building materials similar to the heat-saving ability.
High heat engineering wall characteristics - This is a way to avoid high costs for the purchase of expensive heating equipment, the transportation of fuel, the cost of time and labor for its operation. The cost of heating the building "Izodom" compared to the brick will be 3-4 times less.

How cottages are erected from monolithic concrete.

The modules of the "Iodine" system are hollow polystyrene foam blocks with a density of 25-27 kg / m3, which are joined among themselves, similar to the details of the children's designer. Modules of non-removable formwork have cavities, which are reinforced and filled with concrete in the construction process, and special the design of the locks allows you to quickly and accurately connect blocks. Thus, a monolithic wall is constructed, framed from the inner and outer sides by the heat and sound insulation shell of expanded polystyrene. Thanks to such a design of walls, houses built using a fixed formwork are durable, light and very warm. The thickness of the wall is chosen depending on the purpose of the structure, as well as the temperature parameters of the construction region.
Internal partitions at home can be made from both the same blocks and from any other traditional materials. During the construction of buildings, any types of floors can be used - monolithic floors, concrete slabs or classic designs of wooden floors.
For outdoor decoration Walls can be used plaster, siding, facing brick or stone. Interior decoration can Implement with plaster or plasterboard plates. The undoubted advantage of the house built on this technology is that the walls both domestic and external, have a very flat surface, therefore, a cost-effective thin layer of plaster needs for wall decoration. In addition, electrical layout is very simply laid in such walls.
Polystyrene foam is environmentally friendly (97% air and 3% material) and is used even for packaging food. It does not contain substances that feed microorganisms, i.e. Not subject to destructive effects of rodents, mold and bacteria. In addition, it does not burn if there is no long exposure to the flame (more than 2.5 hours).

Technical parameters of walls.

Wall thickness - 25, 30 or 35 cm, where 15 cm - concrete, the rest (respectively - 10, 15 or 20 cm) is polystyrene foam.

Weight of walls without decoration - 400 kg / m2.
Concrete consumption - about 125 l per square meter wall.
The coefficient of thermal conductivity is l0 \u003d 0.036 W / MK without taking into account the outer and interior decoration.
The limit of fire resistance of the wall is 2.5 hours.
Parry permeability - 0.032 mg / (M.Ch.P.).
Water absorption in 24 hours, in volume - 0.1%.
Acoustic insulation - 46 dB.

Fireproof:

The class of fire hazard of the bearing wall - K0 (the limit of the spread of the fire is 0)
Limit of fire resistance carrier wall - at least 155 min. **

* According to the conclusion of the State Unitary Enterprise "Nimosstroy"
** According to the tests of the Center of FSU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

Whatever material for the construction of your home you have not chosen - we will be happy to help the future homeowner to decide on the project or develop an individual, discuss materials and finishing, and build Strong houseAccording to your wishes, tastes and opportunities.