Many people, whether the gardeners or customs lovers of a country rest, have seen the rot on the apple trees or its fruits. This disease is called fruit rotting apple trees, which is considered the most common disease of this fruit tree. Another name of this disease is an apple tree monilion. In its harmfulness, it exceeds even a pass.

Fruit rot or monilion is a fungal disease that can infect a wide range of plants. The causative agent of this disease is Murb-Asskomitzet Monilinia Cinerea Honey, belonging to the short. The fight against it is an important part of the care of apple tops.

For this disease, two stages are characterized:

• conidial stage. It is called Monilia Cinerea Bon. In this case, the formation of spioning on all affected areas of wood, which has a kind of small and gray pads. These pads consist of single-cell chains of colorless conidium. In the spring period, Kondiya infect flowers and, spreading to run, provoke the development of monilial burns. Over the growing season, the mushroom produces several conidium generations, leading to massive infection of the entire tree;
• sclerococial stage. This is the so-called rest stage.

In some scientific articles, two forms of this disease are distinguished:

• the rotor of fruits - primary lesions are localized on the fruits, which leads to their rapid damage and unsuitability for eating. Develops throughout the entire period of fruits;
• monylla burns or leaves burn - the disease amazes flowers, branches, branches and leaves, leading to their drilling and drying. Being a long time on the tree, they acquire an burnt look.

The greatest danger to the apple tree is infected with branches, which leads to the development of cracks and wounds on it, of which there is plenty of gum. This can lead to drying of extensive areas of wood, as well as the converting branches. In the greatest cases of damage, all wood affects. Mushroom Winters mainly in the form of mycelium on the fruits (fallen or remaining hanging on the branches) and branches. For certain areas (Moldova, Caucasus, Crimea), it can winter and in the form of conidium. With the onset of spring, the formation of conidial pads on infected areas, which leads to the spring exacerbation of the disease. The full cycle of its development mushroom is carried out for the fruitful period.

Causes of occurrence

There are a lot of factors that contribute to the tree infection. However, the main reason, which leads to the development of fruit rot - infection of the apple tree actinomycete.

To basic reasons include:

• various damage in the crust (especially cracks);
• contact of mummified infected fruits with healthy parts of the apple tree;
• damage to the peel of apples due to insect bites (mainly a barrel and fruit);
• the presence of other diseases affecting apple
• the presence of phytopathology;
• contact of various sections of a tree with already infected fruits (especially mummified) or branches;
• high susceptibility of a certain variety of an apple tree to this disease. But often even grades with stability to this disease are powerless in confrontation with it;
• not the destruction of infected apples and branches that can accumulate under the tree, thereby contributing to further infection.

Factors that create suitable conditions for infection:

• flowering period;
• past hail;
• infection is possible through a cherry hole, but subject to the preliminary moisture drop in it;
• the air temperature is about +15 degrees;
• increased air humidity (70% and higher);
• dirty packaging, which was used to collect apples;
• dirty tools, with which they were trimmed or vaccinated;
• non-indinted premises that were used to store garden inventory;
• windy weather (thus spread spores of the fungus);
• strong precipitation (fog, snow, rain);
• winter with abundant snow cover;
• cold prolonged spring.

Symptoms

For fruit rot, the incubation period is characteristic. From the moment of infection before the appearance of the first symptoms, it takes about five days, and the spioning begins after 10 days. Actually, after this tree and begins to root.

Symptoms rotting fruits:

• first, there is a formation of the first worms of the Padalitsa (summer varieties earlier, in winter later);
• the pulp of the fetus becomes soft and drow;
• apple begins to rot with a small brown spot;
• this stain is gradually increasing in size;
• it covers most of the fetus;
• on the surface of the rotting apple in large quantities pillows are formed;
• pads have grey colour and can be white against the background of the brown apple;
• they are located in the form of concentric circles and are the place of formation of conidium;
• the fruit becomes black or brown;
• in the future, there is infection of nearby apples;
• as they are ripening, the number of affected fruits increases;
• if the fruit remains hanging on a tree, then the fungus on the fruction of it falls on the fruit branch, the carriage;
• this causes infection of nearby branches in which the fungus will winter;
• in the spring there is a further spread of infection in a young march;
• withering, followed by the death of the thrifts.

Symptoms of monilla burn:

• flowers become brown or black;
• over time there are drying;
• then the disease throws on the wound, twigs and fruit branches;
• on them, the leaves begin to warm and pushing;
• the affected leaves do not disappear and gradually acquire a charred black look.

How to deal?

This disease is very harmful to wood, so the rotor requires consistent treatment.

The main ways to combat moniliosis and its prevention include:

• pruning branches on which there are dried ends, black leaves and mummified apples;
• burning of cropped branches and mummified fruits;
• timely cleaning of apples;
• preservation of fruits from various mechanical damage during their removal and transportation;
• storage of apples at a temperature of about 0 ° C;
• mandatory disinfection of repository and containers;
• During the growing season, various drugs (for example, fungicides);
• spraying should be carried out periodically;
• conduct timely treatment of other diseases;
• carry out treatment of infectious infection;
• protection of trees from mechanical damage;
• fighting insects (especially with a barrlast, fruit, peeler).

The procedures described above should be carried out throughout the whole fruit period, as well as before and after it.

Video "Prevention of fruit rotes apple trees"

Additionally, the fight against fruit rotting can be found in the video posted below.

Knowing the main reasons for the development of fruit rot, the first symptomatic manifestations, as well as measures to combat it, can be effectively resolving this dangerous disease.

From moniliosis on an apple tree, you can lose 80% of the crop. The fungal infection affects not only the fruits of seed crops, all boneflates suffer from fruit rotten: cherry, peach, plum, apricot. Timely processing of trees crown, a complex of preventive measures prevent the spread of infection in the garden.

Causes a disease of the omnipresent fungus. The pathogen Monilinia Fructigena is common everywhere. It is equally the apple trees growing in moderate and warm climates. Monilinia Fructigena fungus damages apples, pears and bone trees fruit.MONILINIA MALI MALI SPECIUMERS. He infects only one type of plants, only apple trees and pears suffer from him. This type of infection is distributed in the southern regions and gardens of the Far East. Life cycle MONILINIA FRUCTIGENA fungus consists of 2 stages, Monilinia Mali has 3.

Forms of moniliosis

The disease can proceed in different ways. His symptoms, the flow depend on the type of fungus, striking the fruit tree. Distinguish two forms of moniliosis:

• fruit rot;
• monylla burn.

Fruit

A tree infected with the Monilinia Fructigena fungus, you can recognize the symptoms of fruit rot, they appear on young apples:

• on the initial stage These are small stains of brown color;
• gradually raves the whole surface;
• the taste of the pulp is absent, its structure becomes spongy;
• on the surface of the apples, small gray-yellow pads are formed, they create a pattern in the form of circles.

Infected with fungus apples are mummified, drawn, hardened if the weather is cold and dry. Wet, warm in summer most of the apples are amazed fruit Gnili. In the phase of the pouring and at the stage of ripening. Part of the crop dies during storage and transportation.

The first signs of monilial burn may appear in spring. In May, on apple trees, you can see the leaves released by the red color sheet plate in the central vein area.

Infection affects:

• leaves;
• puffs;
• inflorescences;
• wound.

When examining the lower side of patients with leaves, you can see small white conidial pads. Infection (Monilinia Mali) causes a drying of fruitless escape (leaves, ovary). At the formed fruits of monilial burn does not happen.

Stages

Life cycles fungus fall on the period of apple tree fruction. For the Monilinia FructiGena fungus, causing fruit rot, is characterized by 2 stages: conidial, sclerocial. The Monilinia Mali causative age can have a rare third stage - a champion.

Conidial

At this stage, a mushroom is formed from unicellular colorless conidium in the form of a large number of chains. Conidias are distributed through raindrops, wind gusts, insects.

Fruits suffer from infection, the surface of which has mechanical damage. They are formed as a result of bad weather or due to pest insects. A larger percentage of apples suffers from fruit rot, if the weather is warm in summer, rainy.

Sclerocial

This stage comes in the period when the apple tree is alone. Mushroom in the form of mycelium winters in unbrid and fallen apples or in the cracks of the crust.

Optimal development conditions

The degree of infection of the apple tree depends on the intensity of the spioning. It is determined by weather conditions. Optimal moisture values, air temperature, improving the activity of the fungus, are shown in the table.

As the infection occurs

Site controversy, they penetrate the apples and tissue of wood through micro and macrothrees. The main reasons leading to the monylize apple trees:

• vital activity of pest insects;
• the presence of infected apples, their contact with healthy fruits;
• other diseases of the apple tree;
• the variety has low resistance to Monilinia Mali, Monilinia Fructigena;
• bad care for fruit trees, lack of preventive measures.

Increased infection by wind, rain, insects, dirty garden tool.Promotes the emergence of a disease. Long winter with frosts, snowfalls and a protracted spring, not pleasing warm, sunny days. In warehouses, the fungus falls along with a dirty storage package.

Description of the disease

The disease initially affects the trunks of fruit trees. Spores fungus fall into fruit, so apples are amazed by moniliosis before and after harvesting. The infection is not afraid of frost, its active distribution occurs during the flowering period and the tie of fruits.

Symptoms and first signs of infection

Determine that the tree hurts, it is possible 5 days after infection. About moniliosis speak symptoms:

• spots of brown color on apples;
• padalitsa;
• fluffy pillows of small fruits;
• twisted, dark leaves;
• thoughtful flowers.

Than dangerous fruit rot for apple

Original fungus ruins a crop. In the absence of therapeutic and preventive measures, the tree dies over time. His weakened immunity is not able to cope with causative agents of diseases and pests.

Ways to protect the apple tree from moniliosis

IN summer time Conduct measures for the prevention of the disease. Fungicides are treated in spring, autumn and when symptoms of the disease appear. Distribution fungus prevent timely removal of infected apples, making root and conducting extra -orn subcortex, cleanliness of the priority circle.

How to treat if infection occurred

Based on the duration of the ripening of fruits, the degree of infection of the tree, the gardeners determine how it is better to deal with the infection.

Mechanical destruction of affected plants

In the fall from the trees remove the remaining fruits. They are utilized out garden plot. Disputes do not die if apples buried to the ground.

Infected fruits are the main source of infection, the birds are pest (fruit, weevil), the controversies are spreading around the garden.

All dry shoots are cut and burned. When the sore branch is removed, up to 10 cm of a healthy tree tissue grabbing. Apple tree strains are covered with lime layer. For a larger effect, a solution of a fungicide is added to it. In the summer, the trees inspect the shoots affected by fungus, wound up, the fruits cut out, destroy.

Chemicals

Chemicals tested by not one generation of gardeners, burglar liquid and copper sipop are relevant in the fight against monilion apple trees. Before the dissolution of the leaves, a solution of 3%, in the fall and in summer - 1%. The prevention of the disease is the fight against pests, it is carried out with the help of insecticides: "Aktara", "Profi", "Decis".

Biological preparations

Apple tree treatment with biopreparations gives good results. "Pentafag C" is used if there is little time before cleaning. This means for a person is safe, therefore its solution of trees and fruit can be sprayed a few days before harvesting apples.

Harmless to humans and effective against fungus:

• "Phytolavin";
• "Alin";

The use of fungicides

• "Skor";
• "Horus";
• "Abiga Peak".

The solutions of these drugs spray all parts of the sore tree, process the soil of the priority circle. Fungicides are used throughout the season. Processing is carried out 1 time in 2 weeks.

Folk ways of struggle

People's recipes, destroying fungus, no. There are proven ways to combat the pests of an apple tree (fruit, weevil), they can be used to prevent fungal diseases.

Scheme and timing

The table shows the proven processing schemes against moniliosis.

For what period you can get rid of fruit rot

One, two treatments of the apple tree do not get rid of fruit rot. Spores of mushrooms spread throughout the season. Symptoms of the disease may appear at any time. Therapeutic spraying should be carried out when signs of illness appear, preventive measures - regularly.

Sustainable varieties of apple

No varieties with 100% resistant to Monilinia Fructigena, Monilinia Mali. Summer time of maturation is more suffering from them.

Consistently resistant varieties:

• Parmere Winter Golden;
• Jubilee;
• Pepin saffron;
• Welcy;
• Slav.

Choosing them, gardeners protect the garden from fruit rot.

Monylize apple and pears: Mushroom pathogen - Monilinia. fructiGena. Honey. (fruit rot), Monilinia. mali. (Monylla burn)

Class: Ascomycetes - Ascomycetes.

Maliciousness of the pathogen moniliosis

Monylize are common everywhere and cause great harm to gardening.

Symptoms of damage to moniliosis

Monylize manifests us as a rule in two forms: fruit and monylla burns of leaves, inflorescences and wounds.

First symptoms fruit rot You can find on young fruits of apple and pears. On the affected fruits, brown stains appear first, which quickly grow up on all the fruit. The pulp of such a fetus acquires the spongy texture and loses taste.

On the affected surface of the fetus, yellowish, powdering pads, which, as a rule, are placed by concentric circles appear.

With dry and cold weather, the fruits begin to mummify, black and turn into sclerotes. In such fruits, the surface becomes shiny, as if lacquered; They solidify and thus capable of keeping on the tree for a long time or falling out of it.

The most intense lesion of fruits occurs in the phase of pouring and ripening. The rot is capable of distributing during transportation and during the storage of fruits.

Monylla burns of leaves Amuses only an apple tree. In the spring, in the first decade of May, on the young foliage, the first symptoms of damage to the disease are found. Such leaves acquire a red color along the main vein. Also amazed and stuffed.

Gradually, the disease applies to inflorescences and ovary. The affected inflorescences and wounds acquire a brown color and fade. A typical sign of this disease is the formation on the affected leaves (bottom), inflorescences, small conidial pillows white color. Pillows are formed in warm wet weather. The disease leads to the drying of the entire color-point escape. Already developed fruits monilial burns are not affected.

Biology of the pathogen moniliosis

Monilinia. fructiGena.

This pathogen in its development passes through two stages: conidial and sclerocial. The short stage is rarely formed. The conidial stage is a fungouncing and many chains of colorless single-cell conidia. In this stage several generations are formed. The spread of conidium occurs with wind, rain and insects. Only fruits are affected with mechanical damage (hail, injuries insects, etc.), as well as fruits affected.

Most often, the fruits are damaged by the Camerak. The disease is actively developing in warm and wet weather. In warmer southern latitudes, Conidia continues to form in winter And in the spring, thereby being a source of resumption of the disease in the spring period.

In addition to apple and pears, this disease is striking and bone trees.

Fruit rotting photo

Monilinia. mali.

Unlike fruit rot, this pathogen develops in three stages: conidial, sclerocial and supboy. In early spring The silent stage of the mushroom is formed, which is formed on sclerosions. Starting from the second half of May and before July, the conidial stage is developing.

In July-August, on leaves, stiffs, young fruits, there is a laying of wintering sclerocytes. On the affected tissues, small black pads (sclerosy) appear. As a rule, in the fall, the affected leaves and the fruits are falling and the images are saved under the snow cover.

In April-May, a sample stage is formed (during sclerocyte germination). Fruit bodies - Apothetia. Apotheses outwardly look like a leg with a leg, inside they contain colorless single-cell disputes. On one sclerocation, about 4-5 apoteces are formed. Ascospores are spread by the wind and it is they cause primary infection.

The pathogen of monilial burn is highly specialized and is not able to infect other types of plants.

Monylla burn photo

Measures to combat moniliosis

Agrotechnical measures of struggle

Fruit rot:

• cleaning and destruction of affected fruits;
• preservation of fruits from mechanical damage, especially during transport;
• plowing of rods and dripping the october circles;
• growing resistant to fruit rotes.

Monyllation Some:

• cleaning and disposal of affected leaves, wound up.

Chemical measures of struggle

• Embrelia 140, COP (D.V. 40 g / l diphenoconazole and 100 g / l isopirasions) - 1.2-1.5 l / ha, spraying is carried out during the season of vegetation (phase of flowering and starting the ripening of fruits), multiplicity of treatments 3, waiting time 30 days; the interval between processings from 7 to 14 days;
• Malachite, KS.(D.V. 250 g / l Ditianon and 250 g / l pyrimetanyl) - 1.25-1.5 l / ha, processing during the growing season, three-time spraying; This preparation can be used at high temperatures (30 ° C), due to the co-crystal of the formulation, which reduces its evaporation;
• Moon Senseishn, KS(D.V. 250 g / l. Fluperas and 250 g / l Trifloxiderobin) - 0.3-0.35 l / ha, twice processing, waiting time 20 days; There is no occurrence of resistance; Before use in the tank mixture, it is recommended to check drugs for compatibility.

Grow an apple tree - a whole science. Young tree Fruit with beautiful and smooth fruits, but with the age of an apple tree, the harvest begins to deteriorate. First, the fruits are missing, sometimes apples are completely rotten on the tree, and only part of the crop gets the gardener.

If they do not fight with these phenomena, then after a few years, the apples will be rotten still unselfish, the yield will decrease sharply.

Why do apples rot right on the tree? How to deal with it?

The cause of the loss of the crop is becoming diseases of wood that require competent treatment.

Apples darken and rot on the tree: causes of disease and treatment methods

Fruit rot or moniliosis

Moniliosis - This is a fungal disease that affects not only an apple tree, but also other bone or sefaceous cultures. The development of the disease causes the spores of the mushroom, which fall on the fruit. As a result, the fleet is developing from a small point. Weak trees fall into the risk group, as well as the reinforced fruits whose skin has mechanical damage (cracks, scratches, wormwort).

Malicious mushroom disputes spread to wind gusts.

Finding on the apple, the disease begins to grow. At the initial stage, a small gray stain is formed, which gradually increases and rotates all the fruit. Healthy apples are infected from neighboring, already affected fruits.

Why does the disease develop?

The spores of the mushroom are winter in fallen leaves, on weeds, under the bark of the tree, on branches and in the soil. In the spring they are spreading around the garden. Therefore, from the fall, you need to carefully clean the garbage under fruit trees and shrubs. Impact on the development of the disease Gardener is unable, he remains only to apply prophylactic methods of struggle.

The development of monilipers contributes to a rainy and cold summer, when the temperature does not rise above +20 degrees. At higher temperatures, the disease is suspended, but with the arrival of the rain comes back. It is meaningless to fight the weather, so only preventive spraying remains.

Methods of combating moniliosis

If the apples have already begun to rot right on the tree, it is no longer possible to stop the process. The main task of the gardener is the prevention of the disease. It includes three processing with modern fungicides. The first processing is carried out when the ovary appeared, and the second in 2-3 weeks. The last spraying is made a month before harvesting. Spraying must be carefully so that the working solution gets to each fruit. Good result showed processing by the preparations "Sorrow", "Fundazoll". You can make a tree of the Bordeaux liquid.

It is important to remember that you need to handle the entire garden, because other fruit crops are also in the risk area. Of course, spraying does not give 100% results, but most of the crop will be saved.

Important! Two weeks after collecting all fruits, processing must be repeated. This will help destroy the winter fungus.

Useful advice In the fight against moniliosis

1. During the ripening of fruit, the gardener must carefully examine the garden, shooting the fruit relent, and make them the territory. Regular weeding and harvesting of rotten fruits under the trees will reduce the likelihood of disease development for the next year.

2. Only integrated measures helps in the fight against the disease. In addition to the prophylactic sprayings, the whitewashes of the trunk and skeletal branches of the tree helps well. It is also useful to treat the soil near the priority circle with a negro lime.

3. In the spring you need to clean the garden, cut all damaged and dry branches, treat the soil and make phosphorus-potash fertilizers.

4. If one day moniliosis appeared in the garden, the struggle with it should be carried out continuously. Otherwise, he will break up with a double strength.

Important! Most often, moniliosis is not a reason to reduce yield, and the consequence! After all, the disease begins to develop on the retarded pests. To protect the apples from rotting on a tree, you need to carry out regular struggle with pests.

Chlorosis apple trees

Apples can rot on the tree not only because of moniliosis. There are a number of other diseases that lead to the damage of the crop. One of them is chlorosis of an apple tree.

Chlorosis begins with the appearance of black dots on the leaves of the apple tree. Oddly enough, apples are a source of iron, but sometimes they themselves suffer from its shortage. With the development of the disease, the specks increase in the sizes and the shoots die away. Apple tree leaves first change their painting, and then fall. The disease is fruit, where it begins with minor black points, after which the apples rot right on the tree.

Methods of combating chlorose

Chlorosis can manifest itself in any time. For example, the disease can sink in the spring, but manifest itself in summer and autumn. Therefore, the fight against it should go constantly.

Chlorosis treatment begins with a spraying of a tree to replenish the reserves of iron in the tissues of the plant.

To do this, drugs are used based on iron chelates: Agrikola, Bracil-Fe, Fevorit. You can also use undergraduate tools and prepare a preparation for spraying yourself.

40 gr citric acid;

25 GG of iron mood.

All components are mixed in 10 liters of water. The working solution is well sprayed wood. You can store this solution about 14 days.

Enrich the soil with iron will help the next recipe, the use of which has shown quite good results.

Humus - 60 kg;

Iron sipop - 1.5 kg;

Water - 10 buckets.

The finished solution should be pouring under the trees, having done a deepening.

If the disease progresses, it is advisable to use iron injections in the barrel and tree branches. For this, the sulfate iron is used in the amount of 150 cm3. In the tree, drill holes where the funnel is inserted and poured the drug.

You can also use dry injection in the form of tablets that need to be embedded in the velocked holes on the tree and close the cement-sandy mixture.

Prevention of chlorosis on an apple tree

The lack of iron in the soil occurs in a rainy and cold summer, when the aeration of the soil is broken. Also poorly affects the tree, the presence of heavy metals in the soil, excess of phosphorus and potassium.

To correct the situation in the soil contribute organic fertilizers and iron preparations. Usually, inkstone Well replenishes iron reserves in an apple tree. The working circle is watered after the dejunction of foliage, and in the spring period, prophylactic spraying is carried out.

Flash on an apple tree

If the apple tree develops a pass, then this is an unpleasant phenomenon for gardener.

Parsha is a fungal disease that begins to develop in a humid climate. Most often, the passage is progressing in a cold and rainy summer. This disease spoils not only the freak form of fruits, but also their taste.

As in the case of moniliosis, the amount of crop suffers from the paste. With the development of the disease, apples begin to rot on the tree. But before this, the pulp of the fetus becomes hard, the skin cracks, it falls into it infection and rotting begins.

How to defeat the pass on an apple tree?

Often folk methods The fight against the pair is not enough, the disease is progressing, and it can be stopped only with the help of chemicals. How to apply fungicides? There are several rules that will help defeat the pass.

1. The fungus quickly produces resistance to the substance, so drugs must be changed more often. Some firms produce different drugs, which contains the same substance. Before choosing a drug, you need to get acquainted with its composition. Otherwise, the processing will be meaningless.

2. Processing is carried out by a sprayer with a small sprup, so that the drug gets into all parts of the plant, but the substance overdose did not happen.

3. Conduct the spraying in the evening in the windless weather, while using personal protective equipment.

4. Most effectively carry out processing before and after the rain. After all, the fungus develops only in conditions high humidity. Such spraying will allow to destroy disputes at the beginning of their growth.

5. Paste treatment includes not only spraying, but also a number of other events, such as garbage cleaning, burning damaged fruits and shoots.

6. Different varieties of apple trees need a certain number of treatments. The most stable varieties spray only during the outbreak of the disease.

Chemical preparations

On the initial stages Diseases use biological preparations that contain bacteria. She destructively acts on the fungus. You can use preparations "phytoosporin" or "gamiir". In 10 liters of water, 10 tablets of the drug, the resulting solution spend three treatments in the season. The first spraying is made during the bootonization period, then immediately after flowering and at the time of formation of fruits. The rate of consumption of the drug is up to 5 liters per tree, depending on its age.

The old and proven tool from the paste is the Bordeaux mixture. For one season, up to 7 spraying is allowed. The first time the tree is treated to the dissolution of the kidneys, during the formation of buds, at the time of flowering and the formation of fruits, after harvesting. When the disease is outbreak, the multiplicity of treatments increase. The effect of the drug is preserved for 15 days. Replace the Bordeaux mixture with copper-containing drugs.

In cases where biological preparations are powerless, without the use of chemicals can not do. Most often use the following chemicals:

Raek. Conduct up to 4 spraying in the season, the effect of the drug is preserved for 20 days. The first spraying is carried out before the kidney dissolve, then at the time of opening buds, after flowering twice with an interval of 14 days.

Soon Only two processing per season is allowed, the period before and after flowering. The effect of the drug is preserved up to 20 days.

Strobe. The preparation of systemic action fighting with various diseases. For one season spend up to three treatments. The effect of the drug is preserved up to 1.5 months.

Horus. The drug is used at low temperatures up to +10 degrees. The substance is not flushed with rain, the effect of the drug is preserved up to 25 days.

Passage treatment with mineral fertilizer

Not bad results in the fight against the passage shows the use of mineral fertilizers. Among experienced gardeners It is the opinion that this method is not inferior to the use of chemicals.

As the prevention of pasta, a spraying of fertilizers is spraying: ammonia nitrate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, potash salt.

If apples are rotting right on the tree, then in the fall is carried out with a solution of mineral fertilizers. At the same time, the spraying is done until the average daily temperature dropped below +4 degrees. Such a procedure increases the yield of the apple tree, destroys pests and illness. Along with the tree, the soil is treated under it, which increases the crop 1.5 times, and reduces the likelihood of diseases.

In the spring, the tree is treated with bordeaux liquid, which reduces the number of winter pests, which are carriers various diseases.

After flowering, it is advisable to use systemic preparations that get rid of the tree immediately from several problems.

What to do with rotten apples on a tree?

First, each gardener should remember that it is impossible to leave apples on the tree. They must be removed and carry from the site where to dispose of, joining the fruits to a depth of up to 50 cm. It is impossible to leave them simply under a strange tree, even a few meters from the garden, sick fruits serve as a source of infection. After all, the spore fungus is easily transferred by the wind, as a result next year Monylize will fall back to the site.

Secondly, diseases such as moniliosis, chlorosis, the passage are very unpleasant, but it is possible to cope with them. The health of his garden will depend on how quickly will react. It is important to remember that the fewer signs of infection, the easier it will be to defeat the disease and do not give an apple tree finally!

»Apples

Moniliosis is a disease that is striking a huge amount of fruit crops, and it is very difficult to fight him and for a long time. But if conduct special preventive and medical eventsYou can save your crop from damage. And why apples start to rot on the tree and how to make prevention, we will talk further.

The fruit rot is considered the consequence of the preliminary damage to the surface of the apple peel. It can be various pests (insects), hail or just a predisposition of this variety fruit tree to the disease. Most often these are fruits with thin skin.

With such a problem there is a huge number of gardeners. Get rid of her not so simple. And if you are talking to forget forever, it is generally unrealistic. The biological method of destruction of fruit rotting today does not exist. And the development in this direction is not conducted. It's all about the endurance dispute, destroy which is quite difficult.

Special activity is characterized by a roast and wet summer. Namely, there are seasons in recent years.

The use of a reusable spraying of fungicides, significantly facilitates the whole process of combating moniliosis. But it is impossible to talk about a full solution. The main reason for such a situation is the impossibility of simultaneous treatment with therapeutic preparations of all near the arranged trees and plants. Plus, the development of the dispute may occur even in the microcracks of the fetus or the bark of the tree. A variety of pests of another type can damage them. "Bad assistants" on this issue can be wasps, a pass, puffy dew and leaflerting, which are capable of creating characteristic damage to activate moniliosis. And after a couple of days, the tree is already amazed. It remains only to wait for the active signs and symptoms of the disease fruit rot.

If you do not disrupt everything to united infected fruits and not burn them, the situation will repeat in the next year. That's just the number of infected apples will be much more. Late in the fall, rotten fruits and infected leaves are also worth destroying.

After conducting preventive work to combat fruit rot and spraying trees with special compositions, you can be calm for your future harvest.

In one season, it is impossible to get rid of fruit rot. Therefore, measures to combat moniliosis are recommended to repeat each season until you make sure that the disease retreated.

Causes of the appearance of fruit rot

A variety of mushrooms of MONILIA genus are capable of falling on the surface of seed and bone trees, including decorative plants, cause the appearance of the disease. It referred to as moniliosis and damages fruits, shoots and leaves, actively spreading not only on the source, but also throughout the garden.

In early spring, when the weather is characterized by special dampness, the controversy of the pathogen of fruit rot, falls on the pistil of inflorescences. Actively gaining strength, the fungus moves deep into the plant, contributing to the fading of inflorescences and leaves, as well as the drying of the shoots. The affected parts of the tree seems to be burned fire. This phenomenon is called monilial burns, which is considered a spring form of manifestation.

Disputes moniliosis can spread various insects and birds, carry water with them and even spray the wind. Already hitting the apple, the place of mechanical exposure, the fruit rot causes the active development of the disease.

The mushroom can calmly overrees in the form of a mushroom in the infected parts of the tree and in mummified apples and pears.

Signs of moniliosis

Monylize apple trees is characterized by the incubation period. From the moment of infection and before the formation of the first signs of fruit, it can pass about five days. Whereas the spioning comes a little later, in ten days. It is from this time a tree and begins to hurt.

The main signs of fruit rotting on the trees are as follows:

• at the beginning, the first form chervich Padalitsa;
• flesh of apple Made by soft and brown;
• fetal rotting begins with little spot brown;
• this is the speech gradually spreads through the surface of the appleuntil it fill the rot with most of the apple;
• on rotting surface gray specks appearwhich are considered the place of education conidium;

Summer varieties are susceptible to a random infection than winter.

• apple with time begins to worn Right on the tree, in the future fall, it is from now on and the infection begins near the fruits;
• with the number of ripening fruits increases the number of infected apples;
• if you do not remove the infected fetus in time the disease will move through the fruit on other fruits;

• this mushroom will be able to fall, and in the spring again to continue to infect a tree with a new force;
• young vych will be fadedand sprigs spoil.

Warm and wet weather promotes the active development of the disease, including thickened landings.

What to do if apples rot right on the tree, how to deal with rot?

Thanks to the conduct of competent agrotechnical events, it is not always possible to avoid the dissemination of the disease. therefore most often use of fungicides necessarily.

Already before the bloom itself It is necessary to process trees again. That's just a borkoskoy liquid already 1%. And if you saw at least one Padalitsa, manipulation should be repeated again.

In the fall, in September or October, when the harvest of apples will be completely assembled, the spraying of trees should be repeated. But already mortar copper Kaper With the calculation of 0.1 kg of the drug on 10 liters of water. Moreover, each tree must be carefully processing at least three liters of therapeutic solution. Only so you can destroy the remnants of the dispute affecting the root.

To great unfortunately to date, there are no varieties of apple trees, which would distinguish resistance to moniliosis. Practice shows that Slavs are least ill, and the Winter Golden Parmers. And if for several years you can not get rid of this disease, which struck your apple trees, it is better to give preference to these varieties.

Prevention of this disease in spring and autumn: spraying and fertilizer

Most effective method The control of the monyliosis is considered to be the prevention of the disease, which is recommended from autumn, which is recommended. Do not leave a single infected leaf or fetal on the surface of the earth. Since with the arrival of spring, the remaining disputes are activated and will begin their decent effect again. To completely destroy the infected elements, it is necessary to burn everything.

With the arrival of the spring season, it is recommended to trim dry branches, whitewash lime barrel and skeletal branches. This will allow you to exterminate the disputes that could be turned on the crust. The wells of trees stand thoroughly and add some fertilizers to the soil, for example, phosphoric or potash mixtures. And from the moment of the formation of the first ovary, it is better to handle a fungicidal preparation without exception. These manipulations are recommended three times per season. Moreover, the last spraying is advised to make a couple of weeks before the collection of fruits.

Avoid the convergence of the Earth near the trees. Since it is this environment that is ideal for the further development of the disease. Plus to everything the excess of moisture can lead to the appearance of cracks in the crust. And through these vulnerable portions of pores can freely get into the tree.

In the process of collecting fruits, it is necessary to be extremely careful and attentive in order not to damage apples. Their storage is recommended in a dry place with a temperature of about 0 ° C.

Permanent compliance with such simple preventive measures will allow to protect the tree from further infection and keep the crop.

Conclusion

If your apple trees hit the fruit rot, it is important not to miss the moment, and in time take measures to save our plantations. Only constant and timely struggle with the disease will be able to guarantee the safety of the entire harvest in the subsequent. Therefore, you have strength and patience, gardeners and lovers.