Apple trees - their diseases and treatment: Pest photos and ways to fight

Becoming owner cottage plot With adult trees, gardeners see one problem: how to achieve high yields? The mass of the feeding is made, watering is carried out on schedule, and due fruption is never observed.

The cause of this may be the mass of negative factors, one of which - problems with the health of the trunk.

By creating a thorough inspection, we classify the visible signs of disease and deal as to treat the barrel of the apple tree.

Apple tree trunk damage can be result mechanical impact or painful infection. Every case we consider more details.

Frostbite or burn

Deadly sections of the bark are formed as a result of frostbite or from sunburn. In places sun burns (April - May) the bark looks slightly lighter with wide discontinuity.

Sunny burns warned timely whitewash.

Sunny barrel burn.

Apple Core with deep cracks of the trunk, without changing the color - the main sign frostbite.

Frost wounds tree heal itself During the beginning of the fracture, the cracks are tightened with the plated juice, so it is not worth handling such damage to the garden harder, it is better to make it possible to determine the cracks with wood "glue" - to clean the irregularities, lubricate the tool "Ranet".

Prevention methods: For the winter, we wind the main trunk and skeletal branches of apple trees with ribbons from natural canvases (burlap, denim fabrics, tight cotton), carefully fixing. From severe frosts, such a means does not save, but will be effective with sharp daily temperature drops.

Frost wound.

Important! The error of the gardeners - the deposition of the blots in May. For the tree it is important to protect before the appearance of leaves, with the growing activity of the Sun, which is characterized by the end of March - the beginning of April.

Physical damage to the crust

Damage to rodents, faults as a result of natural cataclysms (wind, hail) or bugs of apple trees due to improper formation of the crown.

To prevent attack rodzunov Preparing mat from branches or shrubs that are tightly wrapped the central barrel and lower branches.

Perhaps application corn "shields", fir branches, reeds. The main thing is to remove protection in time after the end of frosts.

Attention! Under the passing material, the mass of pests can winter, so when the heat occurs, we immediately remove and burn the drives of unfriendly neighbors.

Elimination of consequences: Small damage to the trunk is lubricated by the garden harr. Usually minor traces of teeth are tightened by the end of summer. Broken branches are cut under the base, apply a garden Var or a mixture of a conventional yellow clay with a cow (1/1).

Disease stem apple trees and their treatment

Cytosporosis

Brown-red ulcerswhich first manifest themselves only with a small darkening, and in the future capture large squares Core, deforming the surface and leading to the rolling branches. The fungal disease leading to the fast, 1-2 seasons, the death of an apple tree.

The reasons: Weakening of the plant due to landing on the depleted soils, non-compliance with the feeding mode and watering, the presence of mechanical damage.

Cytosporosis on an apple tree.

The earlier proceed to treatment, the greater the chance to save the plant.

1. We remove infected areas with a mechanical way, removing damaged branches as much as possible;
2. On large low-injected trunks of apple trees, we cut a knife with a knife and part of the wood with a hint of a healthy section of up to 1 cm;
3. We treat mortar copper Kaper;
4. Mind with a cowboy with clay. Such a rescue compress is better to climb a binting branch and, during the season, grease the heteroacexin aqueous solution (2 tables by 10 liters) or simply water.

For prophylaxis Distribution of the disease Using the means:

• a drug "Hom". We dissolve 40 g in 10 liters of water, spray in the period before the swelling;
• copper vigor. Before flowering spray with an apple tree with a solution of 50 g of a chemical in 10 liters of water;
• cable mixture with content Triphodermina. We process before flowering, with a uniform solution from the solution on the leaves and the bark.

Black Cancer, "Antonov Fire"

Fungal disease. Frequently affected by a strong fruiting or growing trees on poor soils. On strong and healthy apple trees, fungus can imperceptibly develop for about two years.

It is characterized by the appearance of browning spots, reborn in recesses with a black rode. At the same time, the boundary between healthy bark and a damaged disease is clearly visible.

As if the charred bark disappears with a light peeling, exposing the trunk. Wood damaged by cancer, crumbling and loose. For 3-4 years, this disease can completely destroy the garden.

Black apple tree cancer.

The best tool is to completely get rid of the sore tree. Irchaevement spend on mad weather and burn all the tree to avoid the spread of infection.

If the disease struck insistently important For wood knots or sections of small square, produce removing infected place With the subsequent treatment of the wound discovered:

• clean cut processing copper vitrios, then we apply a smelting and cowboy and clay;
• small areas after processing with copper vigorous can be painted oil paint.

Tip! Since the black cancer can infect, except for the bark, and the leaves, and the fruits, apple tree after flowering it is desirable to fully treat Bordeaux liquid.

Ordinary cancer

From black differs on the growths and influx, surrounded by dark red expressive tubercles.The rate of damage to ordinary cancer below, the chances of saving the tree is much more.

Ordinary apple tree cancer.

Amazes both young and old trees. The methods of struggle are the same as with black cancer.

Remote when processing sections of the crust, wood, leaves are subject to mandatory burning.

Instrumentswho come into contact with sick trees - disinfeced alcohol.

Preventive treatment from both types of cancer is better produced several times per season.

At the same time, monitor the size of the lesion areas. If the treatment of the apple tree trunk turned out to be ineffective, it is better to part with one tree than losing the garden.

Lichens

Gardeners are often confused by lichens on apple trees trunks with diseases. In color, they can be from silver-green to gray-black.

By themselves lichens no harm to apple trees do not bringBut due to the fact that insect pests love to winter under their cover, it is better to protect the trees from risky neighbors.

Remove lichens mechanical methodBetter than a scraper, since the metal brush can damage the bark.

Basically they are easily cleaned. If it is impossible to remove immediately, produce spraying overgrown with lichen area soapy solution And after 20 minutes they are written without the use of force.

Lichen on the trunk of an apple tree.

If the bark on the apple tree is damaged ring-shaped, to restore the cooping and rescue of the tree you need to apply grafting "bridge".

This method can only be used. in early springwhile the tree does not fully woke up, and the vaccination material is harvested before the renal disclosure.

Sample scenario:

1. In the winter garden, an apple tree was found, the bark of which in a circle is destroyed by hares;
2. Immediately prevent the drying of the apple tree - we apply to the damaged place of the smelting, or (on a strong frost) oil paint, wrap the burlap and leave until spring;
3. Cut the cuttings for the lead;
4. With the beginning of the coating with an interval of 3 cm, we slightly arcuate the bridges, carefully overlapping the lead with necessarily remote kidneys for the coincidence of Cambia;
5. If the cuttings do not fit all, the next year you can repeat the procedure to improve the nutrition of the apple tree.

Important! Our garden is our brainchild that requires constant attention. The more serious we treat his problems, noting the slightest changes in the development of an apple tree, the more abundantly our work will be rewarded.

Nuances and readers questions

Flight on the trunk

On the apple tree, raid on the trunk of greenish colors form lichens and single-celled algae. Their appearance is due thickening crown, lack of free air circulation.

It does not bring harm to the tree, but when the branches in sinuses are accumulated in the sinuses, it contributes to the reproduction under the cover of various insects. It is believed to the spatula or rigid washbasin.

How to treat the trunk of an apple with damage to the bark?

For insignificant Damage:

1. Dead areas cut out;
2. Produce a disrangement of copper vitriol (three percentage solution);
3. Deprive the garden harrine or clay with a cow;
4. Covered with cloth (rotogo) to hold the mixture on the trunk.

It is desirable to maintain the coating in a wet state during the month (spray with water).

The bark remained little

It is important to know how to save an apple tree if the bark on the trunk remains little.

Help with rings damage trunk can only grafting "bridge"which is carried out exclusively in early spring.

All other damage can be treated at any time of the year with positive temperatures.

Important: Remove all parts of the trunk with the slightest signs of lesions, close the damaged place the healing mixture for the season. In the spring, re-processing the problem space.

On an apple tree thighs

Causes of occurrence: Apple TLL, fungal diseases. Nodular thickening are formed in the reproduction places of the Tly.

In the resulting microcracks, except Tly, the fungus penetrates, and then the tree falls under a serious threat. The growths are removedThe slice location is treated with a standard way.

Before spray All tree chemicals ( Biotline, Iskra).

Causes of blackening

The reasons:

• sunburn;
• sage mushroom;
• ordinary cancer;
• black cancer.

Especially susceptible to diseases of apple trees growing on poor soils.

Prevention:

• timely balanced feeding;
• preventing crown thickening;
• pruning with cutting seats;
• mandatory periodically inspection of all parts of wood, including foliage.

Treatment:

1. Classify the disease;
2. Remove all damaged parts of the apple tree: leaves, fruits, damaged branches and burn;
3. Soloral soil is preferably removed, stubbing it under the step in another place at least 10 cm.
4. Clean the damaged place with a sharp knife with a hoping of alive fabric by 1.5-2 cm;
5. The tool after work is sterilized, better - burn. It is important to prevent the disposition of healthy branches, it is better to produce cleaning weather.
6. The trimming sites are processed with copper, and in the case of black cancer iron vitrios, the garden harium or clay solution is smeared.

How to save an apple tree with a damaged trunk?

Minor Damage is cleaned, then smeared the oil paint or clean clay. In no case It is not used to tar, various mineral solutions: it can lead to burns and the death of the plant.

More serious wounds Heal with Garden Vara.

Big Dumps Fill in cement-sandy solution to exclude the fall in the trunk of water and air.

Cracks

Longitudinal cracks on apple trees occur due to sudden temperature drops, found in spring. The bark is leaving and falls. Leave cracks on the trunk, even small, it is impossible, Since they can hit the arms of fungi or to throw pests.

Treatment:

1. The edges of the cortex adjacent to the crack are neatly cut;
2. A solution of copper mood is wiped (not sprayed) the upper part of the damaged barrel;
3. A clay solution is applied with a cowboy or garden var.

Such damage for the faster healing from above is closed with a cellophane film, but in a month, when replacing the healing application to fresh, it is better to bite the usual cargo to avoid overheating.

You can also watch videos with tips on how to treat stem diseases apple trees:

Source: http://sadsezon.com/sad/plodovie/yabloni/Bolezni/Bolstvola/lechenie.html.

To reduce the time costs of getting rid of weeds and keep moisture, you can climb the foot of the seedling with a thick layer of peat or other mulch of organic origin.

A mandatory care for the young tree is the correct formation of the crown. The central conductor must remain above the side branches throughout the life of the tree.

Annual Spring Works in Apple Britain

The rooting of the seedling during the first five years is due to the fertilizers entered into the pit when landing.

Regular feeding of plants will accelerate the beginning of fruiting and increase the rate of extension of the vegetative and root mass.

To thirty years old, an apple tree will take the necessary area by forming root system Optimal size.

In the spring it is important to produce a sanitary crown trimming, removing patients and dry branches. Sections of sections are necessarily lubricated to the garden Warr.

Fruit trees always react to negligent attitude towards them. In case of insufficient care, apple trees are progressing especially quickly, and at the last stages of the development of the disease are sometimes not amenable to treatment.

So that your garden has always been healthy, and the harvest pleased the abundance of the season in the season, it is important to keep track of health fruit trees And hold regular gardening events, starting with planting seedlings.

Apple tree diseases: methods of struggle and prevention

Each second fruit tree without proper care and spring preventive treatment suffers from fungal diseases.

The infection at an early stage does not particularly attract the attention of the gardener and can only be seen when a focused inspection of plants.

If you lose the moment and do not cure an apple tree in the initial period of the development of the disease, you can lose the whole crop. Some illnesses and lead to the death of the fruit tree.

Information on how or a different disease is manifested, as well as ways to combat them will facilitate the work of the gardeners and will help in the shortest possible time to get rid of the attack, comprehended fruit trees.

Spelitsa (powdery dew)

The fungal disease covers not only the bark of the apple tree, but also branches, leaves and kidney plants. Disputes fall from other plants during windy weather and rain.

Symptoms: In all parts of the tree, a whitish flare appears, which over time acquires a brown shade; Subsequently affected areas are covered with small black dots. A tree, a sick ashole, ceases to give an increase, the leaves are deformed and dry. A fungal infection also negatively affects yield.

Treatment methods:

• Colloidal sulfur: Dilute 80g in water bucket;
• Preparative fungicides: "Topaz", "Sorrow".

For the treatment of ashes on the apple tree spraying, gray produce in three stages throughout the season:

• During the swelling period;
• With the beginning of the formation of zinc;
• After 14 days.

In preventive purposes, an identical set of drugs against the ashitsa is used.

Black cancer

The disease is preferably affecting the trunk of weakened plants after receiving Morozoboin, any wounds, cracks or solar burns.

Signs: The pathogenic fungus is visually detected on the leaves in the form of numerous gray-brown spots; Small soft sections of a gray shade are noticeable on the crust, which are later darkened.

How to deal:

• Cut the affected areas with a sharp knife, process sections of sections with a disinfecting solution of copper sulphate.
• Lubricate the bare parts of the garden harness (as an alternative, a mixture of clay and a cowboy in equal parts is suitable).
• Spray on the sheet of bordeaux liquid.

Black Cancer leads to the formation of large cracks on the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe cortex and the debris. To significantly reduce the risks of the disease of the apple tree, it is always important to always process the wounds of the crust of the Garden Warrier.

Cytosporosis

Infectious fungal lesion of the bark occurs on trees that lack phosphorus and potassium.

There are several types of fungi that choose a plant with reduced immunity as a habitat.

Disputes penetrate the tree deep into the frost, burns and other wounds on the crust.

Symptoms: Ground brown ulcers on the surface of the bark, which will dry later and disappear, shaking the vulnerable part of the apple tree trunk.

Treatment:

• With the arrival of warm spring pores before the start of the sludge, the first processing of copper chloroks or other chemical fungicide is carried out.
• A solution of copper sulfate (50g for 10 l water) is used for the second spraying of the apple to the flowering phase.
• Copper chloroks can also be treated with an apple tree for the third time, but after flowering, before the fruits begin to ripe.

If, before the proper flow of processing the trunks of fruit crops, the garden ward, another alternative to the attendant, regularly bleach the bark and make phosphorus fertilizer in the fall, you can minimize the risk of apple tree infections cytosposis.

Buying seedlings from third parties and intermediaries often leads to depressing consequences. Bacteriosis The plant is most often infected at the age of seedlings.

Signs: Watery spots of dark color are striking fruits, foliage and bark; Apples with traces of bacteriosis do not fall, but become unsuitable.

How to deal:

• Having found signs of bacteriosis should immediately remove shoots (make a cut below 25 cm), after complete elimination of infected parts, all the wounds applied to the gardens of the garden.
• Abundant spraying the sore tree with preparations containing sulfur (5% solution of the Bordeaux fluid will become an excellent alternative to the bacteriosis). Popular chemical preparations: "VDS", "Cumulus DF", "Tiovit Jet".
• After working strictly be sure to disinfect the tools.

The soil around the sick apple trees and the rich circles of the neighboring trees should shed a copper sulfate solution for prophylaxis (60g on the water bucket).

Parsha (phytopathology)

The passage becomes a frequent guest in the apple orchard garden, and since the fungal disease applies through water, then an abnormally rainy and hot spring exists 90% of the probability of developing this phyopathology.

Symptoms: The appearance of yellow-brown spots on the leaves, their subsequent yellowing and extinguishing; Apples stop growing, covered with small rough spots of brown color, then crack.

How to cure:

Fungal disputes germinate on the leaves and the crust because of the high humidity and the crown thickening, so to prevent the crown to the crown annually before the start of the deploration.

Milky glitter

In some cases, when the fungal disease amazes skeletal branches, the Milky Glitter leads the death of a tree.

Symptoms: On the branches, milk brilliance with a pearl effect is formed, which quickly moves to neighboring healthy branches; The tree ceases to bear fruit, the affected areas will dry, apples fall.

How to deal:

• Cut all branches with external signs of the disease (5 cm below).
• Slices spray 1% copper vitriol, dense gardening garden.

If not one apple tree grows in the garden, it is necessary to process all landings with lime: 2kg for 10 liters of water.

An efficient and universal method for the prevention of most fungal diseases, including Milky Gloss - Processing of a trunk of 5% copper vitriol and subsequent whitewashes.

Monilion apple

The fungal form of rotes often accompanies the pass and makes the fruits unsuitable for eating.

Signs: The fruits are covered with brown rotten stains with white clips.

How to deal:

• After harvesting, it is imperative that the fallen sore apples are assembled, the branches are selected and burned.
• In order for the disease not to be manifested next year, the trees spray in the fall and spring drugs "VDS" or "Horus".

Prevent fungal diseases much easier than fighting them. Therefore, the owners of an apple or other fruit trees should not be neglected by preventive activities.

Effective apple tree feeding scheme;

The best preparations for treating an apple tree and prevent diseases of the tree;

Fertilize the soil using boron correctly.

Preventive measures against pests and diseases of apple

There are many different chemical preparations for the preventive treatment of fruit trees, the most well-known fungicidal mixtures "Horus" and "Sorrow".

To prevent the appearance and distribution of fungal diseases, it is important to spray the apple tree at least twice the season:

• The first processing of the crust and leaves is produced during the growing season. Spraying is aimed at the destruction of pests and inhibiting the dispute;
• The second spraying should be organized in the formation phase of the string.

Attracting birds in the apple orchard is a very effective alternative method of prophylaxis from lubricating insects. Install the benchmarks and feeders for the cinexes on the trees and focus the birds, subsequently they will significantly reduce the population of pests.

To reduce the risk of apple trees, it is impossible to:

• The congument of the crown - in a non-resistant crown, a comfortable arrest is created for germination of fungal dispute;
• Unprocessed wounds, spiles, foes, frostsobyins or sunburns of bark;
• Departure of the soil in the rolling collar (especially potassium deficiency and phosphorus);
• Trees trees with dirty tools.

From year to year with the onset of autumn, it is necessary to protect the bark of the apple tree from frost and the sun in a burlap or a sweetheart. And in the spring carefully examine and, if necessary, to process the emerging wounds and cracks on the crust.

• 1 Pod. Tomato
• 2 Leek fertilizer
• 3 Iodine for seedlings
• 4 Weed struggles

Recently, professional gardeners and kennel owners note that cases of the occurrence and spread of fungal diseases among fruit and berry cultures have become frequent.

This fact is confirmed by numerous complaints of gardeners of lovers throughout the country and beyond.

In such unfavorable conditions, it should be especially attentive to their landings and in time begin to treat diseases. Experienced gardeners will share proven methods to combat some diseases of the apple tree:

Karina:

"A few adult apple trees grow on my garden plot. For the long period of cultivation faced various diseases and bark, and leaves, and fruits. But since most of the disease belongs to the fungi, each time I got out the universal solution of Xom.

For the treatment of bacterial burn, I used a concentrated solution - 80g by 10l; against cytospose helps a solution with a calculation 40g by 10l; And O. muced dew The complex composition helped - at first (40g by 10l), after 2 weeks, the Bordeaux mixture, and another two - the copper sulphate (50g to 10l). "

Vsevolod:

"There is a unique recipe for an apple tree whitewash, which will save you from almost all problems with trees. So that the apple trees do not hurt, try in the spring to treat the trunk of a tree, capturing the first branches of the following composition:

All ingredients are mixed alternately in 10 liters of water. Ready Must reminding the consistency with a spinning sour cream.

Turn all the fruit trees on the site twice with an interval at two o'clock, it is advisable to make clear weather.

This simple procedure will be excellent prophylaxis against pests and diseases to be treated with trees. "

diseases of plants, apple tree

Source: http://plodorod.net/zashhita-rastenij/bolezni-yablon/

Fruit trees are subject to diseases and apple trees - no exception.

And if you are a responsible gardener, follow your garden and want to get a decent harvest, you should be aware of the diseases of the apple trees and the methods of their treatment.

The article will help you successfully diagnose the most dangerous of them and tell you how to do in each case.

The pest is developing in the spring and striking the kidneys, leaves, shoots and bark both young and adult apple trees.

The main reason that contributes to the development and distribution of the disease is excessive soil and air humidity.

On the leaves, shoots and sometimes on the fruits is formed mucuded flaw gray or dirty white color. Over time, this hoist becomes brown and multiple black splashes appear. In the initial stage, the flight can be easily removed, but over time it becomes more dense.

Under its action, the foliage begins to twist, turn yellow, gradually falling, and young leaves stop in their development. If you managed to form a ovary, they can crumble. The disease leads to a decrease in yield, in severe cases - up to 50%.

Even low temperatures ambient In winter, they do not affect the causative agent of the disease. He calmly falls in the kidneys of infected shoots. Even in the most severe and cold winters, the fungus only slightly decreases, but still remains viable.

The fungus is able to reduce the winter hardiness of the apple tree.

In the fall and in the spring, delete and be sure to burn the shoots affected by mildew. Use agrotechnical events that are able to prevent excessive soil moisture.

In the prevention of this disease, Fungicide "Topaz" is successfully used.

It is advisable to process the whole garden, especially if there are seven varieties, boycaken, rosemary white.

To suppress the primary treatment infection with this drug, they begin at the beginning of the growing season. Usually spend 4 spraying season.

After the harvest is assembled, the treatment continues by spraying 1% burglar liquid. Perfect for this procedure and a solution of copper mood. For cooking in a bucket of water, add 2 tbsp. Spoons of copper mood and 1 tbsp. Spoon of liquid soap.

To combat the causative agent for spraying, use the colloidal sulfur solution. It is recommended to use it at least 3 times. The first - when buds begin to advance. The second is after the phase of flowering and the third - 2 weeks after the second spraying.

Know that the fight against mildewing dew is quite prolonged - the mushroom is very cunning and often gives relapses.

"Prevention and treatment of pulse dew on an apple tree"

Apple Fungus - Parsh

This fungus is striking mainly apple trees and pears. The disease is spreading with disputes using water droplets. Ideal conditions for distribution - rainy tightening spring.

The main signs of the disease are an olive-brown raid on the leaves. Later on the fruits appear dark gray spots and many cracks.

It is through them that all sorts of infection can penetrate, which will cause the fetus rotation.

Fighting diseases of apple trees, including a pair, first of all begins with preventive Mer Autumn - cleaning foliage, dried fruit and branches. In the spring, before the start of flowering, it is desirable to apply bioforgicide "phytosporin M" or burglar liquid.

For the fight against a pair, fungicides "Gamair", "Chorus", "Phytolavin" are used. Spraying is carried out both before flowering and after.

For treatment, 15% of potassium salt, 10% ammonium nitrate, 15% of potash salt, 10% high concentration ammonium sulfate are used.

Also, they can also be used for preventive work, but in this case the concentration must be reduced.

Fruit rot or moniliosis

This disease is traditionally manifested during the ripening of fruits, at the end of August. Especially if there is a wet weather.

If the apple tree is amazed with a pair or fruit, it will be enough for moniliosis to get its development: rotting develops on an infected fungus fruit and with contacts applies to healthy fruits (an example of infection in the photo).

First, a small speck appears on the apple, which is very quickly progressing and occupies the entire surface of the fruit. The apple acquires a brown color and becomes very soft. Such an apple can not be eaten.

Monyliosis is much cunning than mildew or a pair, since the symptoms do not appear immediately, but gradually. Also dangerous after harvest - infection can safely spread to healthy fruits through contact.

The offensive of the coldness of the rot is calmly tolerate on patients, mummified fruits.

First of all, as soon as you notice the patient affected by the frost, immediately remove it from the tree. Do not forget about Padalice, it should be collected and bought.

Do not leave mummified fruits for the winter, they also need to get rid of them.

After gathering a harvest, places on the crown, where the main foci of rot, it is necessary to make a 5% urea solution.

Do not propagate fruzcory, peeling, barrlas in the garden. These pests contribute to the development of moniliosis.

Cut the prophylactic spring spraying 0.3% solution of copper chlorocation suspension or 1% burglar liquid.

The first spray - during the ripening period of the kidneys, the second - immediately after flowering and the third - 2 weeks after the growing season.

To combat rot, use the drug "Hom". The drug is bred in cold water according to the instructions and conduct two spraying: during the appearance of new foliage and after flowering.

Remember that pledge effective struggle With this ailment - not periodic, but regular sputtering and permanent care for the garden.

Cytospose - Corn Disease

The main symptom of the lesion is the appearance of dark ulcers on branches and trunk.

Ozzles progress over time, become deeper and striking the increasing area of \u200b\u200bthe crust. Bark, and then affected branches, begin to die and fall.

If you do not provide operational assistance - a patient instance, as a rule, does not survive.

Make sure that there are no mechanical damage to the crust. After trimming, handle the wounds with clean olifa or garden preparation.

Successful treatment of cytospose can be achieved if you start it in the early stages of development until wood and Cambier suffered from the deep penetration of the fungus.

First spend a spraying with the drug "Hom". It is advisable to do this as soon as the kidney swell. Solution: 40 g of drug dilute in 10 liters of cold water.

Then use copper vigor. For its preparation it is necessary in 10 liters of cold water to dilute 50 g of the drug. The resulting solution is treated with a garden to flowering. After flowering, the drug "Hom" should be treated again.

Required on the eve of winter colds, make feeding with potash and phosphorus-containing fertilizers.

Bacterial burn (bacteriosis)

The causative agent of the disease is the bacteria gram-negative sticks. They are able to affect not only young, but also mature fruiting trees. The spread of bacteriosis is downward.

Basically, this disease penetrates the garden with newly acquired cuttings or young seedlings. The main development factors are high ambient temperature and warm rains.

In most cases, bacterial burn is the main reason that the apple tree loses its flowers.

The main signs of bacterial burn - the presence of black spots on the whole fruit tree. If branches and shoots are affected, they are covered with dark watery spots.

The affected foliage has a charred, burnt look. Over time, it will begin to be specifically bent.

But, despite its unvisability, it does not fall, and it holds on the branches.

If the bacterial burn strikes flowers, then they change their color with white on dark brown and fall from the tree. In the event that fruit suffer, they also become unhealthy dark color, stop in growth, but remain on branches before the arrival of late autumn.

When buying a new seedling, carefully inspect the entire planting material so that it is healthy.

Conduct soil disinfection with the help of copper sulfate (60 g of vitriol on the bucket of cold water).

Thanks to preventive measures, it is possible to successfully deal with this disease. Use agrotechnical techniques in the fight. To start, delete (cut) affected branches. It is better to carry out the procedure at the end of the autumn or with the onset of winter.

The crop location should pass 20 cm below the necrosis. The tool that you will use, be sure to disinfect, do not forget to do it and sleep with places. Spinned sick branches should be burned in obligatory.

To increase the general immunity, plants spend repeated spraying with a burglar fluid. It is advisable to do this at the very beginning of the vegetative process.

These events will help increase resistance to all kinds of fungal diseases.

Milky glitter

The disease amazes leaves and twigs. The causative agent is basidial mushroom. Infected wood, if you do not take action, will die slowly.

The main symptom - the affected area becomes milk, silver color with a characteristic pearlescent gloss. Patients with milky glitter branches stop fruit.

Fruits are poorly developing, crept on, and branches in a few seasons dried and dismissed. This disease is manifested in the midst of summer, in mid-July.

It begins with a lesion of several branches, but quickly applies to the trunk and leads to the unvisability of skeletal branches, and sometimes it can lead to the death of the whole apple tree.

The main reasons contributing to the emergence and development of the disease are a lack of minerals in leaves and new shoots, irregular watering, frozen of the bark. It is not necessary to land the seedlings on wet, located in lowlands of land.

First of all, preventive actions are aimed at improving the winter hardiness of the apple tree. Conduct timely applying fertilizers. Sick branches must be cut and be sure to burn.

When circumcised cuts, they make 5 cm below the change (time) of wood. The resulting sections are disinfected with 1% copper vigorous.

On the day of the trimming of the wound, it is necessary to smell with oil paint or garden boraner.

If in your garden is very affected and drying apple trees, they need to dig and burn them.

With diseases of the cortex, an apple tree helps the whitewashing branches and strabs, which is carried out twice during the season - at the end of winter and in the fall. To do this, use 20% limescale milk (on 10 liters of water to dilute 2 kg of lime milk). 500 g of 5% copper sulfate are added to the prepared mixture.

If you are the owner of a large garden and trees in it are located very tightly, the site is treated with a 2% solution of lime milk using hose sprayers.

In the arid and hot summer, make sure that watering is regular and sufficient. Do not forget to make potash and phosphorus-containing fertilizers in sufficient quantities. Watch out for the state of the soil, apply lime and drainage.

Perhaps this material will help you in the fight against apple trees. After all, timely, and the most importantly qualified assistance can save your green fruit plantings. Diseases and treatment of apple trees Gardener should know, otherwise he risks remain not only without harvest, but without his garden.

Becoming the owner of the country area with adult trees, gardeners see one problem: how to achieve high yields? The mass of the feeding is made, watering is carried out on schedule, and due fruption is never observed.

The cause of this may be the mass of negative factors, one of which - problems with the health of the trunk.

By creating a thorough inspection, we classify the visible signs of disease and deal as to treat the barrel of the apple tree.

Apple tree trunk damage can be result mechanical impact or painful infection. Every case we consider more details.

Deadly sections of the bark are formed as a result of frostbite or from sunburn. In places sun burns (April - May) the bark looks slightly lighter with wide discontinuity.

Sunny burns warned timely whitewash.

Sunny barrel burn.

Apple Core with deep cracks of the trunk, without changing the color - the main sign frostbite. Frost wounds tree heal itself During the beginning of the fracture, the cracks are tightened with the plated juice, so it is not worth handling such damage to the garden harder, it is better to make it possible to determine the cracks with wood "glue" - to clean the irregularities, lubricate the tool "Ranet".

For the winter, we wind the main trunk and skeletal branches of apple trees with ribbons from natural canvases (burlap, denim fabrics, tight cotton), carefully fixing. From severe frosts, such a means does not save, but will be effective with sharp daily temperature drops.

Frost wound.

Important! The error of the gardeners - the deposition of the blots in May. For wood it is important to get protection before the appearance of leaves with the growing activity of the Sun, which is characterized by the end of March - the beginning of April.

Physical damage to the crust

These include damage to rodents, faults as a result of natural cataclysms (wind, hail) or bugs of apple trees due to improper formation of the crown.

To prevent attack rodzunov Preparing mat from branches or shrubs that are tightly wrapped the central barrel and lower branches.

Perhaps application corn "shields", fir branches, reeds. The main thing is to remove protection in time after the end of frosts.

Attention! Under the passing material, the mass of pests can winter, so when the heat occurs, we immediately remove and burn the drives of unfriendly neighbors.

Elimination of consequences: Small damage to the trunk is lubricated by the garden harr. Usually minor traces of teeth are tightened by the end of summer. Broken branches are cut under the base, apply a garden Var or a mixture of a conventional yellow clay with a cow (1/1).

Disease stem apple trees and their treatment

Cytosporosis

Brown-red ulcers, which first manifest themselves only with a small darkening, and further capture large areas of the cortex, deforming the surface and leading to the rolling branch. The fungal disease leading to the fast, 1-2 seasons, the death of an apple tree.

The reasons: Weakening of the plant due to landing on depleted soils, non-compliance with the feeding mode and the presence of mechanical damage.

Cytosporosis on an apple tree.

The earlier proceed to treatment, the greater the chance to save the plant.

1. We remove infected areas with a mechanical way, removing damaged branches as much as possible;
2. On large low-injected trunks of apple trees, we cut a knife with a knife and part of the wood with a hint of a healthy section of up to 1 cm;
3. We are processed by a solution of copper sulphate;
4. Mind with a cowboy with clay. Such a rescue compress is better to climb a binting branch and, during the season, grease the heteroacexin aqueous solution (2 tables by 10 liters) or simply water.

For prophylaxis Distribution of the disease Using the means:

• A drug "Hom". We dissolve 40 g in 10 liters of water, spray in the period before the swelling;
• Copper vigor. Before flowering spray with an apple tree with a solution of 50 g of a chemical in 10 liters of water;
• Cable mixture with content Triphodermina. We process before flowering, with a uniform solution from the solution on the leaves and the bark.

Black Cancer, "Antonov Fire"

Fungal disease. Frequently affected by a strong fruiting or growing trees on poor soils. On strong and healthy apple trees, fungus can imperceptibly develop for about two years.

It is characterized by the appearance of browning spots, reborn in the deepening with. At the same time, the boundary between healthy bark and a damaged disease is clearly visible. As if the charred bark disappears with a light peeling, exposing the trunk. Wood damaged by cancer, crumbling and loose. For 3-4 years, this disease can completely destroy the garden.

Black apple tree cancer.

The best tool is to completely get rid of the sore tree. Irchaevement spend on mad weather and burn all the tree to avoid the spread of infection.

If the disease struck insistently important For wood knots or sections of small square, produce removing infected place With the subsequent treatment of the wound discovered:

• Clean cut processing copper vitrios, then we apply a smelting and cowboy and clay;
• Small areas after processing with copper vigorous can be painted with oil paint.

Tip! Since in addition to the bark, the black cancer can infect the leaves, and the fruits, apple tree after flowering it is desirable to completely treat the bordeaux liquid.

Ordinary cancer

From black differs on the growths and influx, surrounded by dark red expressive tubercles.The rate of damage to ordinary cancer below, the chances of saving the tree is much more.

Ordinary apple tree cancer.

Amazes both young and old trees. The methods of struggle are the same as with black cancer. Remote when processing sections of the crust, wood, leaves are subject to mandatory burning. Instrumentswho come into contact with sick trees - disinfeced alcohol.

Preventive treatment from both types of cancer is better produced several times per season.

At the same time, monitor the size of the lesion areas. If the treatment of the apple tree trunk turned out to be ineffective, it is better to part with one tree than losing the garden.

Lichens

Gardeners are often confused by lichens on apple trees trunks with diseases. In color, they can be from silver-green to gray-black. By themselves lichens no harm to apple trees do not bringBut due to the fact that they love to winter under their cover, it is better to protect the trees from risky neighbors.

Remove lichens mechanical methodBetter than a scraper, since the metal brush can damage the bark.

Basically they are easily cleaned. If it is impossible to remove immediately, produce spraying overgrown with lichen area soapy solution And after 20 minutes they are written without the use of force.

Lichen on the trunk of an apple tree.

If the bark on the apple tree is damaged ring-shaped, to restore the cooping and rescue of the tree you need to apply grafting "bridge".This method can only be used. in early springwhile the tree does not fully woke up, and the vaccination material is harvested before the renal disclosure.

Sample scenario:

1. In the winter garden, an apple tree was found, the bark of which in a circle is destroyed by hares;
2. Immediately prevent the apple tree drying - we apply to the damaged place of the smelter or (on a strong frost) oil paint, we bump and leave until spring;
3. Cut the cuttings for the lead;
4. With the beginning of the coating with an interval of 3 cm, we slightly arcuate the bridges, carefully overlapping the lead with necessarily remote kidneys for the coincidence of Cambia;
5. If the cuttings do not fit all, the next year you can repeat the procedure to improve the nutrition of the apple tree.

Important! Our garden is our brainchild that requires constant attention. The more serious we treat his problems, noting the slightest changes in the development of an apple tree, the more abundantly our work will be rewarded.

Nuances and readers questions

Flight on the trunk

On the apple tree, raid on the trunk of greenish colors form lichens and single-celled algae. Their appearance is due thickening crown, lack of free air circulation.

It does not bring harm to the tree, but when the branches in sinuses are accumulated in the sinuses, it contributes to the reproduction under the cover of various insects. It is believed to the spatula or rigid washbasin.

How to treat the trunk of an apple with damage to the bark?

For insignificant Damage:

1. Dead areas cut out;
2. Produce a disrangement of copper vitriol (three percentage solution);
3. Deprive the garden harrine or clay with a cow;
4. Covered with cloth (rotogo) to hold the mixture on the trunk.

It is desirable to maintain the coating in a wet state during the month (spray with water).

The bark remained little

It is important to know how to save an apple tree if the bark on the trunk remains little. Help with rings damage trunk can only grafting "bridge"which is carried out exclusively in early spring. All other damage can be treated at any time of the year with positive temperatures.

Important Remove all parts of the trunk with the slightest signs of lesions, close the damaged place the healing mixture for the season. In the spring, re-processing the problem space.

On an apple tree thighs

Causes of occurrence: Apple TLL, fungal diseases. Nodular thickening are formed in the reproduction places of the Tly. In the resulting microcracks, except Tly, the fungus penetrates, and then the tree falls under a serious threat. The growths are removedThe slice location is treated with a standard way. Before spray All tree chemicals ( Biotline, Iskra).

Causes of blackening

The reasons:

• Sunburn;
• Sage mushroom;
• Ordinary cancer;
• Black cancer.

Especially susceptible to diseases of apple trees growing on poor soils.

Prevention:

• Timely balanced;
• Preventing crown;
• Pruning with cutting seats;
• Mandatory periodically inspection of all parts of wood, including foliage.

Treatment:

1. Classify the disease;
2. Remove all damaged parts of the apple tree: leaves, fruits, damaged branches and burn;
3. Soloral soil is preferably removed, stubbing it under the people elsewhere at least by 10 cm.
4. Clean the damaged place with a sharp knife with a hoping of alive fabric by 1.5-2 cm;
5. The tool after work is sterilized, better - burn. It is important to prevent the disposition of healthy branches, it is better to produce cleaning weather.
6. The trimming sites are treated with copper, and in the case of black cancer - iron vitrios, the garden harness or clay solution is smeared.

How to save an apple tree with a damaged trunk?

Minor Damage is cleaned, then smeared the oil paint or clean clay. In no case It does not apply to tar, various mineral solutions - this can lead to burns and death of the plant.

More serious wounds Heal with Garden Vara.

Big Dumps Fill in cement-sandy solution to exclude the fall in the trunk of water and air.

Cracks

Longitudinal cracks on apple trees occur due to sudden temperature drops, found in spring. The bark is leaving and falls. Leave cracks on the trunk, even small, it is impossible, Since they can hit the arms of fungi or to throw pests.

Treatment:

1. The edges of the cortex adjacent to the crack are neatly cut;
2. A solution of copper mood is wiped (not sprayed) the upper part of the damaged barrel;
3. A clay solution is applied with a cowboy or garden var.

Such damage for the faster healing on top is closed with cellophane film, but in a month, when replacing the healing applique, it is better to bite the usual cargo to avoid overheating.

You can also watch videos with tips on how to treat stem diseases apple trees:

In contact with

Any disease of the fruit tree affects the number of apples, their taste and appearance. The problem can be solved by resorting to one of the treatment methods. To pick up effective tool, you need to know which diseases of the apple trees are, how they manifest themselves and what causes them. Competent and timely diagnosis allows you to improve the tree and return the yield. This will help us with photos and a description of the characteristic signs of trees lesion.

One of the most numerous categories of diseases of the apple trees. Disputes are very viable, not even dying in frost and drought. Start actively multiply in a wet medium at a plus temperature. Winter in false foliage, unlocked fruits, easily move through the air, fall on a tree with infected garden tools. External signs are different depending on the specific illness.

Factors promoting the development of fungal diseases in an apple orchard garden:

• high humidity and soil;
• unbrid last year's foliage in which disputes are wintering;
• a thick crown that makes it difficult to uniform lighting and venting the leaves;
• landing infected seedlings, patients growing near apple trees.

Most diseases are treatable. The main thing to know the "enemy" in the face and take action on time. Consider frequently encountered apple trees.

Scab

The first symptoms of the defeat are the stains of the marsh color that appear on the leaves. Over time, patients are darker, covered by cracks. The leaves retain the form and color of healthy fabrics, as the passage practically does not violate photosynthesis. In the future, disputes throw on the bark and the fruits of the tree. Apples are formed similar stains with a dense structure. Yield is reduced due to underdeveloped, deformed fruits.

Methods of treatment and measures of prevention:

• Spraying by fungicides for an apple tree during the bootonization, re-processing after flowering. Recommended drugs - chorus and strobe. They are not flushed with rains and retain protection even at low air temperatures.
• Alternation of fungicides with biopreparations - Gamiir (1 tablet per liter of water) and phytolavin (20 ml per bucket). For the season it is advisable to spend 2-3 spraying of trees.
• Removal of patients leaves, fruits and branches after harvest. Stripping damaged sections of the cortex to a healthy fabric.
• Conducting autumn processing with copper vigor.
• Undercantling fertilizers containing boron during fruit tying.

Apples ripening on a sore tree can be eaten without fears. Just clean the damaged areas of the peel.

Rust

A common disease of the foliage of the apple tree is manifested after the dissolution of the shoots. On the surface of the sheet, small spots of yellow are found. With the development of the disease, the painting of the affected fabrics becomes brightly red, with black dots in the center. From the back of the leaves, highlights resembling hairs are formed.

The disease is mainly striking apple and pears. The source of infection can be the growing nearby juniper, whose crust lives pathogenic mycelium. In warm weather, the disputes spread over the surface of the leaves with an abundance of moisture, reduce the immunity of the fruit tree and negatively affect yields.

The struggle against rust lies in preventive and therapeutic treatments for culture. It is recommended to use the fungicides of contact and system action (strides, topaz, polyamarms) of them among themselves to avoid addiction of fungal dispute. Effective measure of struggle - spraying apple trees based on copper. It helps to get rid of rust burglar liquid, kids, Blo Bordeaux.

Puffy dew

Recognitive fungal disease can be recognized by a characteristic fall on the surface of the leaves and young twigs. The disease has several stages with different manifestations:

• on the initial stage On young shoots, a sticky plaque of white color is formed, which is easily erased from the surface;
• with the course of the disease, the fallow is becoming more dense, changes the color to the ash with dark dots inside;
• sick leaves twisted into the boat, dry and fall ahead of time;
• reduced the number of oblasts due to the deformation of petals and stamens;
• on the affected fruits, the fungus leaves a rusty mesh trail.

The yield of the sore tree is reduced every year. Spores winter in the crust and kidney apple and continue life cycle With the onset of heat. It is possible to cure torrential dew by treating trees with colloid gray, burgundy liquid and Topaz preparation.

Cytosporosis

The disease of the bark of an apple tree, which manifests itself in the early summer. The fungus violates the movement of juices, shoots stop receiving food from the roots and dry out. External signs to determine the disease can be described as follows:

1. On the surface of the crust, small tuberculk are formed, in which disputes ripen.
2. Flowers and leaves dry, but do not appear.
3. The tubercles swell, crack up, acquire red-brown color.
4. These borders of a healthy and sick fabric appear cracks from which gums are allocated.
5. In the launched stage, the fungus penetrates wood.

Damaged sections of the cortex are not restored, they must be cleaned and burned. You can remove the growths with the help of a brush, overlooking a healthy fabric 2-3 cm. The place of stripping must be treated with iron vitrios (50 g per liter of water) and wound wound with woven material.

Black cancer

On the early stages Apple tree stem can only be seen when carefully examining the bark surface, sometimes it takes a magnifying glass. Separations with mechanical damage to the barrel should be studied. If there are small black dots around the circuit around the circuit - the apple tree is infected with cancer. Gradually, skeletal branches are covered with expanding spots with a purple tint resembling a charred burn.

On the leaves of clusters, the dispute form brown circles that apply to the entire surface and lead to a premature leaffold. The symptoms of black cancer on the fruits are manifested in the form of dark color peat spots. On one apple, only one focus of the defeat, which captures all the fruit is growing.

It is possible to cure the disease at the first stages when the foci was touched by no more than 30% of the barrel:

• at the beginning, all patients of the bark are cleaned;
• branches, fully disguised with cancer, scheduling;
• wounds are treated with antiseptic and covered with garden borants;
• apple tree and the soil around the tree spray with fungicide.

Therapeutic and sanitary activities are conducted in early spring or late fall, when the apple tree is at rest.

Fruit

Moniliosis or fruit - Common ailment of apple trees and pears. The active stage of the disease falls on the second half of the season. High humidity and temperature above 25 ° C provoke mass reproduction dispute. Most often, the fungus penetrates fruit through mechanical damage to the peel.

In wounds left by birds or pests, disputes fall, and after a week, the marking completely rotates right on the branch. Disease is one of the reasons why apples are early satisfied with the apple tree.

Chemical fungicides effectively prevent the reproduction of the fungus, but it is possible to apply drugs only if no less than 4 weeks remained before harvesting. A more sparing way to destroy the disease is to treat the tree by biological products that are safe for humans. It is recommended to clean the apple tree with a solution of pentafag-s and liposham preparations.

Senior fungus

An apple tree disease that affects the entire ground part of the culture. The fungus is activated as a result of mechanical damage to the trunk and attacks of the Tly. Juice allocated from wounds, sticky vital products of sucking insects, become a nutrient medium for dispute. On the shoots, a coal raid is formed in the form of small enclosures of various shapes and values.

A sage fungus on an apple tree leads to a rapid drying of the leaves, the loss of the commercial type of apples covered with dark stains. The crop does not have time to grow, the fruits stop in development. Treatment of fungal disease is carried out by chemical preparations of Fufanon, Spark-D and Decis. For prevention, it is important to process trees from pests and put an antiseptic on the wounds in time.

Bacterial and viral diseases

Apple tree infection occurs through mechanical damage to the root or ground part of the culture. Bacteria and viruses fall into plant tissues and with the onset of favorable conditions begin to reproduce actively. For protection fruit garden From such aids, it is important to comply with a number of mandatory conditions:

• before boarding seedlings, rebel copies with signs of diseases;
• spend timely antiseptic processing damaged sections of the bark and trunk;
• destroy malicious insects that contribute to the spread of infections;
• use clean garden tools, disinfect the surface after contact with patients with plants;
• form a crown, not allowing excessive foliage thickening;
• provide full-fledged apple domestic on the entire life cycle.

The description of the symptoms of various bacterial and viral diseases will help to recognize the problem on time and take measures to eliminate it.

Bacterial burn

At the initial stage, the disease is diagnosed by appearance Inflorescence. Petals become brown and quickly fall. Young leaflets are covered with dark stains, which instantly grow up from the tips to the base. Sick shoots twist, bend down. Fruits in B. short term black and dry out.

The bark on the trunk and branches softened, covered by bubbles, of which the sticky liquid of the dirty milk color is distinguished. Insects on the paws deal with infection from exudate throughout the tree. In dry weather with a high air temperature, the selection is stopped.

Treatment of bacterial burn involves spraying the apple crown with preparations of Gamair and Phytolavin. The soil around the trees is treated with copper vigor.

Root cancer

The disease of the plant seedlings, which can be detected when examining the root system. The main signs are the emergence of growths on the root cervical and process. Soft formations gradually harden and begin to rot. At this time, many pathogenic bacteria are falling into the soil, which inhibit the development of fruit trees.

Bacterial roak cancer is one of the most difficult apple trees for the treatment of diseases. It is possible to improve them only at an early stage. For this, the soil around the barrel is disinfected with formalin (100 ml of the preparation on 10 liters of water). The procedure is carried out in autumn, 20 liters of solution are used for 1 m 2.

Mosaic

The main danger of viral diseases of the apple tree is that the pathogen is not amenable to complete destruction. As a rule, the affected trees are uprooted and replaced with new ones. The mosaic virus manifests itself on the foliage of the apple tree. The surfaces appear characteristic stains of pale color.

Disease disease feeding insects feeding with infected juice. The virus gets into a plot together with sick seedlings or at the time of vaccination. The growth of infected trees slows down sharply, the leaves fall out ahead of time. The most vulnerable to mosaic variety is a white pouring, autumn striped and rhusted gold.

Blackboard processing schedule

The prevention of disease is carried out in several stages per season. Apple tree processing time is not determined by the calendar, but in the vegetative period of fruit culture:

• before the appearance flower kidney (the destruction of the resulting disputes, larvae of pests and bacteria by chemicals);
• after the fallout of the colors (prevention of rot, insect routing by biopreparations);
• during the ripening of fruits (extra-root feeders to increase immunity);
• after the leaf fall (the destruction of fungal diseases, pests with the help of fungicides and insecticides).

Apple trees that get proper carehave high immunity. For the prevention of viral, fungal and bacterial diseases, it is desirable to plant stable varieties on the site, delete and burn sick branches and shoots, struggling with malicious insects.

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Andrey Skvortsov 03/17/2015 | 14582.

Apple tree, without exaggeration, one of the most favorite and popular fruit trees in the gardens of our country. Get the ignarious harvest dreams every gardener, but how to protect the plant from a variety of diseases to not only grow, but also keep it up to spring healthy, tasty apples?

When growing a fruit garden, it is important to learn how to recognize trees diseases in the early stages to take adequate measures.

Loading dirty white color on the leaves

Noticing a raid on the leaves of the apple tree, novice gardeners often do not give this sign any meaning, and in vain. Soon the raid becomes brown, the leaves are yellowing, fall out, young shoots do not grow. it symptoms of torment dewBecause of this fungal disease, you can lose the entire harvest of apples. If you do not protect the tree, the disease will amaze not only the kidneys and shoots, but also a bark. Moreover, even in the harsh winter, the fungita survives in the spring with the new force to affect trees in the garden.

Noticing the first signs, the tree sprayed with drugs Soon or Topaz (2 ml on 10 liters of water), processing is better spent in spring. After flowering, the trees are sprayed with a solution of copper chloroksi. Ideal well suits Homwhich is divorced in the proportion of 40 g per 10 liters of water. In the fall, after harvesting, it is not necessary to ignore the garden treatment with 1% burgundy liquid or copper vitriol (20 g of soap and 50 g of copper vitriol are dissolved in the water bucket).

Brown spots on leaves, fruits

No less common apple trees, as scab. A characteristic brown raid appears first on the leaves, then flowers are affected, frozen. The leaves dry out, fall apart, and the fruits grow small, with stains, cracks, ugly form.

Noticing the first signs, the trees spray Horus, Dellant, Rusurl, Kuroskat, Sorrow, Abiga Peak (according to the instructions), repeating the processing after flowering by the drug Hom (on water bucket 40 g). You can use a colloidal sulfur (on the water bucket of 80 g of the drug).

Core ulcers, motion of individual sites

As gardeners notice, young healthy apple trees seedlings in a few years begin to root: their trunks are covered with ulcers that grow up, getting deeper, purchasing brown-red color. Soon, if you do not take action, large sections of the cortex are rejected, and with them and branches, as a result, the plant will die. No wonder disease cytosporosis also called infectious drying. If the caring behind the trees is defective or the soil is too heavy and poor, the disease progresses and the tree quickly dies.

First of all, it is worth taking care of the tree: make organic and mineral fertilizers, organize sufficient watering. In the spring, when the kidney is started, the trees spray the trees into a clear warm day HomBy adding 40 g per 10 liters of water. Before the blossom, the second time is treated copper vitriol (on the water bucket 50 g), the spraying is repeated for the third time HomomUsing about 2 liters per young plant and about 5 liters per adult.

It is important to take care of the gardening of the garden: late autumn feed potash and phosphorian fertilizers And thoroughly whiten the strains of trees.

Spots rotted on ripening fruits

In the summer-autumn months, the fruits pour out, and it would seem, all the problems behind, it remains only to wait until the harvest rises, but spots begin to appear on apples brown colorwhich quickly grow up, hitting all new and new fruits, and they rot, creep. All this signs of fruit rot.

Spring trees need to be treated with solution Khoma. By the usual scheme, repeating spraying after flowering, using on adult tree 5-6 liters of the solution of the drug.

Changing the shape of leaves, damage and rotting of young fruits

Young apple trees are subject to such a disease as bacterial burn. It penetrates the garden, as a rule, with new seedlings acquired from untested suppliers. The shape of the leaves, the shoots change, they black, dry, begin to rot the young fruits. These symptoms are manifested in the middle of the summer and threaten with infection with all apple trees.

Save the garden from such a danger, by organizing the disinfection of the soil (on 10 liters of water 60 g of copper sulfate), it is also worth handling the soil Homom (on water bucket 80 g. The affected tree can be helped, embedded the foci of the sorcery of the Garden Varier, having disinfected before this 1% solution of copper sulphate.

Whiteworn leaves, dark spots on the trunk and cortex

Noticing that silver raid appeared on the leaves of the apple tree, experienced gardeners understand that this is the first sign milky gloss. It is because of a pearl flooring on the leaves the disease received such a name. She affects not only the leaves, but also the trunk, and the bark of the tree. Gradually, the plant weakens. The leaves hang out, dark spots appear on the crust.

It is necessary to take care of the timely watering of the sore tree, remove the damaged bark, to disinfect the sections with 1-3% solution copper Kaper, then smear the garden harr. Sick trees are hardly tolerated winter, so it is better to take care of their preparation: to whiten the strains, feed the phosphorus-potash fertilizers.

Brown spots on the leaves, black rot on the fruits, cracks on the crust

All these signs indicate that the tree is ill black cancer. This disease belongs to the most dangerous, since it strikes all parts of the tree and quickly progresses. In most cases, it is not easy to identify this terrible birth, the tree is dying, so you need to carefully monitor the state of the leaves, trunk, bark, the development of fruits.

At the beginning, spots appear on the leaves, which gradually increase and multiply, and the fruits are amazed by rot. The cort is cracking and as it turns out, plant tissues are deformed. It is believed that pests are dealt with this disease or it is the consequence of suffering from diseases and improper care.

It is necessary to take care of the diseased tree more: the correct soil content and regular watering, trimming branches and whitewashes of skeletal branches and a strain will help him to recover. All branches affected by the disease, bark, the fruits need to burn away from the garden.

Treatment can be started in the spring when the air warms up to 15 ° C. Ulcers on the crust and cracks are cleaned with an ideally clean and sharp tool to healthy areas, treated with 1-2% solution copper Kaper, then smear sadovy Vary..

Also spend spraying with drugs that are used when monilize, passat (HOW, Topaz), according to the instructions. It is recommended to treat the trunk and skeletal branches. bordeaux solution liquid Immediately after the completion of flowering, it is also worth disinfection and the soil, shed it Homom (on water bucket 80 g drug).

To defeat the diseases that hit the apple tree is quite real, but it is necessary to do it comprehensively, regularly spraying trees with special drugs, observing the agrotechnik and paying attention to the preparation for the winter.

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To protect the apple tree in a timely manner from various diseases and pests, you should know what kind of symptoms to recognize the "enemy", as well as what measures to apply in order to save the tree. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure proper care. The article discusses the diseases of the apple trees and ways to deal with them.

Fungal diseases

Fungal diseases in an apple tree occur when the plants are damaged by dispute pathogens or phytopathogenic microorganisms. Because of them, the body sprouts mycelium and disputes of conidia. Several of the most common fungal diseases.

The disease leads to the fact that the bark, leaves, kidneys, shoots are affected. On the sites, dark white raids are manifested, further acquiring a brown shade. The leaves become yellow, dry, then fall. New shoots do not appear, fruiting stops.

In the spring, conduct medical and preventive measures. Before flowering, spray the plant with a solution of fungicides at the rate of 2 ml per 10 liter of water. It is recommended to use topaz or speed. After flowering, perform treatment with a solution of copper chlorocycy (40 g per 10 liters of water) or a drug of HOW in the same ratio. In the fall, spray with an apple tree burglar liquid 1%. No less effectively such a means for spraying: 10 liters of water, 50 g of copper mood, 20 g of liquid soap.

Scab

The main symptom of the paste is the presence of an olive-brown plaque on the leaves of the plant - they begin to crumble. Then the fruits appear cracks, the stains of the dark gray shade.

For treatment, spend a spraying of biofungicides (Gamiir, Phytosporin-M, Chorus, Phytomolavin). The first processing is carried out to the dissolution of the kidneys. For the whole season, spend 2-4 spraying with a period of 2 weeks. The efficient method for dealing with a pair is a spraying of burgundy liquid. Conduct 2 processing:

1. Before the blooming of the kidneys. Use 3% solution.
2. After the appearance of the leaves. For processing, use a solution with a concentration of 1%.

The interval between spraying is 2 weeks. For the season, spend up to seven treatments.

Rust

With rust on the leaves, strips are formed, the spots of the brown shade are formed, they can see black splashes - the collapse of the dispute. In the future, the fungus begins to spread on the branches, fruits, bark. Most of the young shoots die. In places of lesion, the bark is cracking, unworthy fruits fall out.

Treatment Start early in the spring, to the dissolution of the kidneys. Get rid of the affected leaves. Shorten branches by 10 cm below the fallen areas. Drop the sections of 5% copper sulfate solution, then treat plants using a burglar liquid 1%. Spend three spraying with a break in three weeks.

Brown spotty (philostose)

The manifestation of philostotosis is accompanied by small brown stains with a dark brown rim on the leaves. The center shows the disputes of mushrooms - black dots. Spots can cover the entire surface of the sheet plate.

For the prevention (spring to flowering), spray the trees with burgundy liquid 3-4%. After flowering, perform treatment with the same solution with a concentration of 1%. I spend the third processing for 3 weeks before the collection of fruits. Treatment Start in the fall: Get rid of fallen foliage, dig up the priority circles, cut the crown, spray the plants with a solution of urea 5%, and the soil is treated with a 7% drug.

With cytospose, the bark is affected - dark ulcers are manifested on it. In the future, they penetrate the trunk, get more, acquire a brown-red shade. Gradually, the bark and branches die away.

Treatment consists of three treatments in the spring:

1. During the swelling period, use Fungicide Xome from the calculation of 40 g per 10 liters of water.
2. Before flowering, spray a tree with a solution of copper mood - on 10 liters of water 50 g.
3. After the end of flowering, repeat the first processing.

Under the end of the autumn, remove the amazed branches and burn them. Clean the wounds, removing up to 2 cm healthy fabrics. Dentifying the sections of 3% copper vitriol, trees strains treat lime. Make feeding, preferably mineral fertilizers (potash or phosphate).

Black Cancer

Black Cancer is a serious fungal disease, during which black spots are formed on the leaves, and a black rot appears on the fruits. In addition, there are darkening of the bark, cracks appear on its surface, which is why it begins to turn inside out.

To the treatment, proceed in the spring when the air temperature reaches up to +15 degrees and more. Use a sharp knife to remove the affected areas, capture about 1.5-2 cm of a healthy cortex. Wounds disinfected with copper vitrios 1-2%, lubricate the garden harr. After flowering, spray the plant with burglar liquid 1%. If after 1-2 years the disease will appear again, spilitate and burn wood.

The fruit rot is dangerous in that the ripening fruits suffer from brown spots located on the surface. In the future, the stains become larger, because of what the taste of fruit is lost. There is a rapid spread of the disease, from which the entire harvest is spoiled. It is almost impossible to identify the disease at the initial stage.

If the tree is sick for a long time, it will not be able to cure. You can warn the disease, applying prevention measures: early spring process the plant by burgundy liquid 3%, fungicides. Conduct the second processing before flowering using a burglar liquid 1%. After harvesting, spray a tree with a solution of copper mosquito at the rate of 100 g per 10 liters of water. For each plant leaves about 3 liters of solution. Get rid of the amazed fruits.

Milky glitter

This is a disease, because of which the plants suffer. The first symptoms are manifested in foliage. The leaves begin to turn yellow, the bands of white-silver color can be seen on their surface. This leads to a shower of foliage. The disease continues to progress - dark spots appear on the cortex.

For treatment, remove the sick sections of the tree of the tree, then treat the sections with a solution of copper sulfate with 1% and garden boraner. Spray the tree burglar liquid 1%. In the spring before and after flowering, spend two treatments.

Bacterial diseases

The causative agent of bacterial diseases is a unicellular microorganism. All lesions of bacteria are referred to as bacterios. Apple trees are often subjected to such diseases.

Bacterial burn (bacteriosis, necrosis)

Bacterial burns arises due to special gram-negative sticks affecting both young and adult plants. Often the infection is applied with the newly purchased planting material. Favorable conditions for the development of the disease is heat and warm rains. Due to bacteriosis, the tree loses the main shade, dark spots appear on the plant, the leaves are darker and begin to roll, the fruits look dark and unnatural.

The cause of the development of bacterial root cancer is the AgroBacterium Tumefaciens Stevens bacterium, penetrating the roots of the tree through the wounds. After a couple of months, a lot of growths appear on the roots, beginning to rot, highlighting a large number of bacteria. In the development of the disease, the plant usually dies.

Bacterial roak cancer is almost incurable, but in the early stages there is an opportunity to get rid of the disease. Spend soil disinfection using a weak solution of formalin at the rate of 1 l per 100 liters of water. Make a solution into the soil in the fall in warm dry days. Per quarter. M leaves about 20 liters of solution. Instead, you can use chlorine lime - per 1 square meter. M Square contribute to 200 g, then crush the soil with robbles.

Apple tree virus diseases

Mosaic

Mosaic is a common disease to which an apple tree is exposed. In one tree, the disease can manifest itself less and accompanied by a weak yellow-green mosaic, on another plant on the leaves there is a bright yellow mosaic pattern. In the summer, it is almost impossible to determine the mosaic. In case of disease, the leaves are flexible, as if they lack nutrition, the fruits also become small, losing taste, the plant itself looks weakened, depleted.

For treatment, try to provide spatial isolation between new seedlings and old, sick gardens. Use a healthy planting material. It is effective to limit the disease by the thermotherapy of plants at a temperature of 37-38 degrees for a month, followed by the regeneration of the top. In case of illness in the late stage, dig a tree and burn.

Star crawling fruits

It is still unknown which pathogen affects the dissemination of the disease. The harmfulness of the virus is high, the yield is strongly reduced in plants, the fruits lose their attractiveness, their mass is significantly reduced. Typically, the disease is manifested in young, not yet matured fruits - formless spots are formed on them, and there are cracks in their center, which is inherent in the stars. Peeling near cracks becomes dark brown, almost black. Leaves on the upper branches become lighter.

Drop and destroy the plant to combat the disease. As preventive measures, it is advisable to use a healthy planting material, to process a plant from pests - they can be carriers of the disease. Delete weeds in a timely manner, process every spring with apple trees with special drugs.

Whiteliness (proliferation)

This plant disease suffer in the second half of summer - subjected to thin side shoots and even the root piglet from sleeping kidney. Ground-ups become large, young shoots acquire a red shade, the leaves are premature and falling and falling out, the fruits seem unselfish. The root system is not able to cope with excessive growing, because of which the life cycle of the plant ends to the phase of the formation of the seed.

Breadlessness is not subject to treatment. You need to correct plants as soon as possible and burn them. For prevention, experienced gardeners recommend spraying plants to protect them from sucking pests, they are carriers of viruses.

The rosette is a viral disease, during which the leaves are smaller, become hard, acquire a yellow-green shade, they are deformed. The edges of the leaves are tightened, and the plates themselves acquire a bowl form. The sick apple tree is fruit, but the fruits become small, losing apple taste. The intercourse of shoots is widely shortened, the rosettes of leaves appear on the tops - healthy and deformed.

For treatment, it is necessary to remove and destroy parts of the plant in a timely manner, on which there are signs of the disease. Treat oil paint sections, mixing it with a sulk cinc. If the disease passed to the last stage of development, take advantage of the same solution at a concentration of 5%, with medium lesions - 8% solution. If a plurality of plants are affected, use a 12% solution. For prevention, it is desirable in the spring to make feeding and delete weeds in a timely manner.

The causative agent of the disease is the Apple Stem Grooving Virus virus. In the place of the captivity of the lead with a trip, wide strips of furrows, dish, separate brown necrotic stains or necrotic lines are formed. The stammer bark begins to swear, scars and dark spots or brown lines with a dark tint appear on it. Infected plants prematurely bring fruits painted in red bright color. Elegants grow slowly. Usually the tree is dying.

There are no treatment methods. Gardeners recommend not to spend time and do not wait until other plants are sick. Just need to emerge a tree and burn it.

Other diseases

Often, apple trees suffer from poor care, mechanical and thermal damage. The plant can be subjected to insect attacks. It is important to know what to do in such situations to keep the plant and get a good harvest.

Damage to a tree

The tree may be damaged by rodents, burst out as a result of natural cataclysms or branches will begin to break due to improper formation of the crown.

To prevent rodent attacks prepare a mat from branches or shrubs, wrap them with a central trunk and lower branches. Permissible to use corn "shields", reassembly, fir branches. The main thing to remove the protection after the end of frosts.

Since pests can be wrapped under the passing material, with the occurrence of heat and burn their clusters. Small damage to the trunk. Lach the garden harr. Usually, small traces of teeth disappear by the end of summer. Broken branches do trust under the base, apply Garden Var or a mixture of a conventional yellow clay with a coward in a 1: 1 ratio.

Surplus or lack of moisture

If you can easily organize watering, the tree will grow normally and develop. Apple trees do not like both the lack and oversupply of moisture. The main part of the water "comes" from the soil through the root system. But at the same time in dry and hot weather, it is necessary to regularly water the plant. The lack of moisture can lead to the fact that the tree will begin to age, which will negatively affect the yield indicator. Fruption will be irregular, and ripe fruits will not only lose their freight look, but also taste.

Excess moisture is able to adversely affect the immunity of the tree, the plant may be subjected to various diseases. If the moisture is not absorbed into the soil and the water is stirred, there is a risk of reloading the root system.

Thermal Damage

Thermal damage is often caused by the exposure to low temperatures. Strong frosts can harm branches, crust and even root system. No less dangerous for the plant is not only sunny, but also frosty days. The bark warms up, it begins in it, but when the twilight occurs, the temperature is lowered low, Cambier freezes. This leads to the formation of cracks on the crust of the fruit tree.

If the frosts occur in spring when the formation of kidneys and leaves occurs, the plant may stop fruit or and will die. To avoid it to cover the apple tree for the winter using a spruce sweetheck or underfloor material. If summer is hot, and temperatures are high, it can be negatively displayed on the leaves and the crust. Be sure to water the tree, especially effective in this case, sprinkling the crown and trunk.

An apple tree is extremely often becoming "delicacy" for various pest insects. They can cause strong harm to the leaves, colors and fruits of the tree. The most dangerous insects is an apple tree bloom, ticks, a chamber, aphid, a koroed, fruit moth, apple-tree fruzen.

Bad care

If the plant is bad to care, it can suffer greatly. Not only hardwood a tree, but also provide it with the correct power mode. Fruit plant requires trace elements. With a shortage of such trace elements, the following disadvantages are manifested:

• Manganese. The leaves become pins, their streaks are clearly visible.
• Nitrogen. The tree grows slowly, the leaves acquire a pale shade.
• Copper. On the leaves manifest brown stains.
• Phosphorus. Shoots and cutters blush.
• Boron The fruit ovary cannot fully develop.
• Potassium. Leaves become brown.

With excess nitrogen, branches and crown are actively growing, but fruiting weakens. For this reason, limit the application of nitrogen during the ripening period of fruits. In this case, it is recommended to increase the introduction of phosphate and potash fertilizers.

Apple tree is a fruit plant that can be subjected to various diseases. To prevent the disease or cure the tree on time, you need to know the symptoms and methods of treatment. Only due care, regular watering, making feeding and prevention measures will help protect the tree from the disease.