To date, trichomoniasis occupies a leading place in the world from all sexually transmitted diseases. Trichomoniasis (Trichomonosis) is a urogenital inflammatory infection. The disease is very serious, capable of developing heavy complications without timely and adequate treatment.

According to statistics, in most cases, trichomoniasis is diagnosed in women reproductive age. In particular, because in the female body trichomoniasis causes pronounced symptoms. He imposes his mark on the amount of diagnosis of signs of trichomoniasis in women also the fact that the check is carried out at each visit to the gynecologist. Careless attitude towards the disease, non-compliance with the prescribed treatment or complete disregard is such leads to a rapid transition of trichomoniasis in a chronic form.

Ways of infection by trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis is one of the most frequent sexually transmitted diseases. The causative agent is a single-cell microbe living in an airless medium. Every year in the world of people infected with trichomonodas becomes 170 million more.

The main way to transfer trichomonad - sexual contact. It is infected with a household, or in some other way it is almost impossible, as trichomonas quickly die in the air. So that they retain their capacity, need a wet environment, comfortable temperature and lack of direct sunlight.

Rare cases of infection with trichomoniasis are recorded when wearing someone else's underwear and visiting public toilets. But they are so rare that they do not cost. The ideal environment for habitat Trichomonad with a pH is 5.5 - 5.6.

Factors contributing to human infection and disease development

Most likely infection by trichomonas in the following cases:

• Days of menstrual bleeding and the first days after his end. At this time, women change the acidity of the vagina microflora, which allows trichomonas quickly and comfortably there.
• Birth and. In the process, natural protection is disturbed, since the cervix is \u200b\u200bsignificantly expanding.
• Orgasm during sexual intercourse. The nature of the orgasm is such that Trichomonads are absorbed by the most uteros.

According to the features of the flow, duration and severity of symptoms of trichomoniasis, three forms of flow distinguish:

• Fresh (initial) trichomonosis. During the first two months from the date of infection, the disease passes acute, subacute and sluggish (trapid) stage. Symptoms of the disease appear on the 5-7th day after infection, but can also not manifest itself at all. By the expiration of a 2-month period, in the absence of proper treatment, all the symptoms subspect themselves, but this is not curable. The disease passes to a new more dangerous stage of flow.
• Chronic trichomonosis. Developing in the body of more than 2 months, trichomoniasis passes into a chronic shape that can proceed for a long time. Flashes During this period, symptoms are replaced by long periods of remission.
• Carrying. Asymptomatic course of the disease, in which the patient remains contagious for others. Infection by trichomoniasis from the carrier can develop both both the carrier and the primary phase of the disease.

Trichomoniasis "does not like" loneliness and as a separate disease proceeds very rarely, in just 10% of cases. In the overwhelming majority, Trichomonas collect a group of such diseases like:

• gonorrhea,
• ureaplasmosis.

Diagnosis of trichomoniasis

Put an accurate diagnosis and determine the type of causative agent to the doctor help such types of analyzes as:

• study of native unpainted smear;
• microscopic study of the painted smear - by gram, the method of Romanovsky-Gymzea and methylene blue.
• sowing on nutrient media;
• Reef.

• Abundant blessed discharge from the vagina.
• The nature of the selection can vary in color from light yellow to greenish. Sometimes there are foam discharge with a sharp smell (see).
• Possible (disparse).
• Discomfort, expressed in the rubbish,. This is accompanied by frequent urinary urinary, most of the false (see).
• Women have redness and edema of the tissues of vulva, while they complain on.
• Perhaps the appearance.

In the gynecological examination, the doctor marks a strong redness of the mucous membrane, which covers a large number of foam. The cervical surface is so sensitive that it begins to bleed at the slightest touch. White hitting on the crotch area and the inner part of the hips causes skin irritation on which ulcers appear.

Be sure to refrain from sexual life for the entire period of treatment before receiving satisfactory results. And also refusal to consume alcohol and acute food.

The course of therapy and the choice of drugs is carried out only by a doctor. Self-recognition of treatment on information from the Internet can lead to sad consequences. How to treat trichomoniasis The doctor solves individually, based on the state of the patient, the characteristics of the course of the disease and the concomitant diseases.

In the fight against trichomonades, such drugs are effective as:

• Metronidazole and derivatives (Ornidozol, Trichopol, Tinidazole, Flagil, Terenidazole).
• Antitriomonade oral preparations are effective in comprehensive use with local, for example, the metrogil gel. Also prescribe Terezhinan candles, Betadine or Clion-D intravaginal once a day for 7-10 days
• If the use of oral medicines is impossible, a osarkd or oosarbon is prescribed as candles. Their composition includes OSARSOL, a trichomonade enzyme affecting the enzyme system, and streptocid is an effective antimicrobial preparation.

When diagnosing a chronic form in the therapy scheme, immunomodulators, adaptogens and vitamins are included. Upon completion of the treatment, a troped surrender of analyzes with an interval of 1 month after each menstruation is required.

Preventive trichomoniasis

The basic measure of the prevention of trichomoniasis is the refusal of an indiscriminate sex life and the availability of only one sexual partner in which there is complete confidence. Also, the following must also be attributed to the prevention measures:

• Mandatory use of condoms during sexual relations.
• Strict observance of personal hygiene standards. Under any circumstances, it is impossible to use someone else's linen, and in the baths or public toilets it sits on untreated surfaces without protection.
• Regular surrender tests and examination of the gynecologist once every six months.

In the case of random sexual intercourse without the use of the condom, you can use Mirismine or betadine to process the cavity of the vagina and the external genital organs. If processing is done no later than 2 hours after sexual intercourse, the risk of infection will decrease by 70%.

The milmistine solution, in a volume of 5 ml, is introduced into the vagina using a medical scratch. Betadine is used in the same volume. In addition, a weak solution of potassium permanganate (manganese) helps. Dry substance must be carefully stirred and strain through the gauze layer to avoid burning burns.

The external genital organs are better to disinfect any antiseptics, for example, such as chloruessidin or Miramistin.

All these measures are not a guaranteed protection method, so it is possible to use them only in the most extreme cases. Preferably after 1.5-2 weeks after a random connection to pass appropriate analyzes.

Most Frequently Asked Questions

After a person got over trichomoniasis, is immunity made against this infection?

No, the human immune system does not produce persistent immunity to trichomonas. And infection can occur repeatedly, even during treatment in non-compliance with the ban on sexual bonds.

After taking the smears, it turned out that I have trichomonas, and my partner does not have them, and there are no symptoms of the disease. Does he need to undergo a course of treatment?

Necessarily. The absence of trichomonas in the smear and signs of trichomonosis does not guarantee that there is no infection. Treatment should take both partners.

How to apply vaginal candles during menstruation?

At the time of menstruation, treatment is better to interrupt or not start the course before it is completed. Mandatory vaginal suppositories to be administered simultaneously with the reception of oral preparations.

Why is the admission of alcohol for the entire treatment period for?

The main means of treating trichomoniasis are counter-eating drugs. All of them have an antabussic effect (substance used when encoding). The reception in conjunction with these alcohol preparations will cause a sharp deterioration in the overall state, strong nausea and vomiting, it is possible to loss of consciousness and violation of the liver function.

Perhaps whether treatment of trichomoniasis during pregnancy or is it necessary to interrupt it?

In the interruption of pregnancy there is no need. A sufficient number of effective methods of treating trichomoniasis are developed at different times, which will not harm the growth and development of the fetus. Get rid of trichomonads, it is necessary in obligatory in any period of life.

The prevention of trichomoniasis is simple and for the most part coincides with the prevention of any sexually transmitted infections. Conditionally, the three main "lines" of this preventive activity can be distinguished.

First, the rejection of random sexual relations, especially with representatives of the risk group for sexual infections: they include prostitutes, drug addicts, as well as people of non-traditional sexual orientation. Sometimes, unfortunately, representatives of the opposite pole are also in the risk group and other people who, due to professional necessity, have close contact with blood venereal patients.

Secondly, in the case of sexual contact with a new or random partner, it is necessary to use a condom. Trichomoniaz refers to those diseases that are almost 100% excluded when using barrier contraception: the size of trichomonade exceeds the sizes of the condom.

In general, the most correct way to protect against all venereal diseases, including Trichomonomosis, has always been considered mutual loyalty to the permanent partner. And even in our time, when many so actively defends "right to left", this recommendation remains in force. In matters of venereal diseases, it is better not to risk and not hope for Russian. And before you decide on a random connection, among other things, it is worth thinking - and whether you need to risk to spoil life and yourself, and a permanent partner, and children.

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Of course, at the very first symptoms that are suspicious of sex infection, it is necessary to warn the permanent partner and consult a doctor with it. It should be remembered that in this case you can not be afraid to say the truth - firstly, the earlier measures will be taken to treat sex infection, the easier and better it will be held, and secondly, honesty in this situation indicates primarily about that a person takes care of his partner's health. And it does not speak to treason at all - we have already seen that let it rather rarely, but trichomoniasis can be transmitted and everyday. In addition, a long-standing infection can also manifest itself at any time. So, in turn, do not hurry to accuse the partner sick with trichomonosis in treason, but to its honest warning, which will help preserve the health of families and children, should be given with gratitude.

Urogenital trichomonosis, or trichomoniasis causes vaginal trichomonada (Trichomonas Vaginalis). In most cases, the causative agent penetrates a person by sexually, especially with random sexual contacts. There are cases of infection through personal accessories that have already used a previously infected person.

Trichomonada is a microorganism related to the type of simplest, capable of all major vitality of the organization: movement, reproduction, metabolism, nutrition, etc. The form of a microbe reminds its kind of pear, but constantly changing due to the movement and meeting obstacles. The usual dimensions of the vaginal trichomonases up to 20 microns, sometimes there are individuals up to 35 microns.

Note: Larger forms are characteristic of the chronic stage of the disease.

The causative agent of the disease by phagocytosis is powered. The reproduction goes through longitudinal or multiple division. Trichomonada is able to move to a fixed stage, steady to unfavorable conditions The external environment, since the active form is very sensitive to changes in the temperature parameters of habitat. Also destroyed for microbes sunlight.

The chemical composition of the medium (sour, neutral, low-alkaline) is transferred by the pathogenic causative agent.

Vaginal trichomonade dwells in the human genitourinary system. During penetration, it does not always cause clinical manifestations of the disease, as it successfully opposes immunity. In this case, we deal with trichomonasia.

The inflammation of the urethra - trichomonous, occurs with increased activity (virulence) and weakening the body. The latter includes supercooling, severe diseases, nutritional disorders.

Note: In an isolated version, Trichomonosis is not as often. Typically combined at the same time several infections (,).

Where in the body inhabit trichomonas

The clinical picture of trichomonous lesions is nonspecific. Urethritis manifestations are the same when different types pathogen (gonococci, chlamydia, trichomonas).

Immunity to trichomonosis does not develop.

The incubation period (from infection to manifestations) on average lasts 10 days, sometimes - up to a month.

Symptoms of trichomoniasis in men

The patient makes complaints about the symptoms of urethritis:

• pain in urination;
• the increase in urinary urges;
• the appearance of the discharge (mucous, watery, foam, purulent) from the urethra;

Trichomonous process can spread to:

• prostate gland;
• seed bubbles;
• appendages eggs;
• bulgoburetral glands;
• parauretral ducts;
• gland extreme flesh;
• bladder;
• renal lochs;
• head of the head of the penis (Balantostitis);
• extreme flesh.

SAME frequent complications Trichomonosa are inflammation of the prostate gland (prostatitis) and inflammation of the appendages of eggs (epididimitis).

In the development of trichomonosis, characteristic complaints appear in women:

Often, there are pointed condylomas.

The pathological process is developing in:

• urethra;
• cervical neck;
• glands of the vagina's runstray;
• uterine cavity;
• uterine pipesoh.

In the glands of the eve of the vagina due to the edema, output flows overlap, and "false" abscess is formed.

If the disease affects the neck of the uterus (), then there is a swelling of the cervix, accompanied by abundant discharge. Frequently formed erosion.

Note: The chronic version of the disease passes asymptomatic, or with a "lubricated" picture.

Methods for determining the disease, laboratory diagnostics

The diagnosis of trichomoniasis is based on a comprehensive patient examination, including:

• collecting patient complaints;
• inspection data;
• laboratory diagnostics.

Trichomonosis does not give any specific manifestations. Symptoms are equally characteristic for the majority. Therefore, laboratory research data is mainly important in diagnostics.

Laboratory diagnosis of trichomonosis

Native drugs are investigated to determine the alive trichomonov. A drop of human discharge is placed on a microscope slide with two drops of saline. The mixing glass is superimposed on the mixture and an analysis is performed under the microscope.

Trichomonad detection must be carried out as soon as possible after the fence of the material, prevent the effect on it high or low temperatures, drying, since in these conditions microorganisms die quickly.

Important: Specific feature Trichomonad - their movement. At the same time, you can observe swing, trusted jerks,

In the absence of a patient of pathogens in the analysis, but with pronounced clinical symptoms, an additional version of microscopy is carried out: the first stream of urine is subjected to centrifugation, and after the filaments, cereal, crumbs appear in it, these elements are taken. They often manage to detect and identify the pathogen.

Must be observed temperature mode Research:

• test tube with material to keep in a glass of warm water;
• use a warm glass.

The detection of pathogenic Trichomonad facilitates the use of biomaterial coloring methods.

In cases of asymptomatic flow, a culture method can be applied.

It is necessary to be treated as in the case of complaints, and without them, but when the pathogen is detected, since the asymptomatic carrier can be a source of infection.

Preventive carriage therapy is also necessary to avoid recurrence of the disease in treated patients without clinical manifestations.

Antibiotics and sulfoniamide drugs used for the treatment of most urogenital infections are ineffective against trichomonosis.

The therapy uses metronidazole (Flagil, Trichopol). Development schemes of the drug depending on the form of the disease.

Note: In 90-98% of cases, it is possible to achieve recovery after a trichomonosis treatment course.

To facilitate inflammatory processes, the local exposure to washing the urethra canal with solutions of silver nitrate, mercury oxycianide, ethanidine. Then the canal is administered to Orsol with Boric acid and glucose.

Hexamethylenetetramine, leftomycetin with boric acid, effectively manifests itself. These compositions are entered into urethra And in the vagina.

Trichomonosis treatment is complemented by the use of tinidase, nitazole.

The criterion of cruciate is considered negative laboratory tests with repeated repetitions within 2 months.

Physiotherapeutic procedures can be applied to complete disappearance of unpleasant sensations.

It is important to remember that trichomonosis is transmitted by sexual way, so best way Protection against infection is to preserve the purity of the relationship. Random, indiscriminate sex communication is never good for health.

Trichomoniasis is considered one of the common diseases that is transmitted by sexually. Every year we grow the number of people who collided with such pathology. Trichomoniasis prevention allows you to prevent the development of such an infection in the human body and thereby avoid many unpleasant consequences.

Features of pathology in women

When trichomonads penetrate into the urinary system through the genital paths, after 3-28 days, an inflammatory disease is developing - trichomoniasis. With the duration of the pathology of 1-2 months, it is classified as acute trichomoniasis, which is accompanied by the appearance of pronounced symptoms. The chronic course of illness is insidiously in that it may not cause characteristic signs of the disease in a person. Partners may not suspect the presence of infection in one of them, and are able to transfer it during sexual intercourse. Avoid hitting the human body Trichomonas helps prevention. It includes compliance with some rules and events in everyday life.

The acute period of trichomoniasis causes women the appearance of an unpleasant feeling of burning in the field of sexual lips. In addition to the symptom, the abundant release of liquid consistency, having yellow and color and nasty smell. The process of urination in women is accompanied by the advent of burning, which can signal the development of urethritis. With the further progression of trichomoniasis, the mucous membrane of the elementar body is strongly inflamed, and endometrite uterus develops. At this stage, the patient's disease may be disturbed by pain, localized by the abdomen. There is a violation of the menstrual cycle, and the number of selections from the genital organs increases.

The further spread of the inflammatory process causes the defeat of uterine pipes and ovaries. Such a stage of pathology is called adnexite and becomes the main cause of infertility. In rare cases, trichomoniasis is detected from girls in childhood.

Features of the disease in men

Many men have trichomoniasis proceeds completely asymptomatic, so they become the main pedestal of the disease. When treating such patients for medical care, prostatites, epididimitis and cystitis are diagnosed. The main symptom of trichomoniasis in men become painful sensations during the act of urination. In addition to the symptom, whitish foamy discharge appear, which are considered a sign of trichomonaceous urethritis.

The painful syndrome in urination is particularly intensified when drinking alcoholic beverages and consuming too sharp dishes. The lack of effective treatment leads to the development of complications and infertility in the man.

Important! For men, the prevention of trichomoniasis plays an important role, because such pathology often proceeds in combination with chlamydia and ureaplasm. The pathological process is striking the prostate and appendages of the testicles, and this leads to infertility, a decrease in the potency and development of prostate adenoma.

If the men's symptoms appear, a careful examination of the doctor and laboratory tests is carried out. With a hidden course of trichomoniasis, negative results of the assays of the secret of the urethra are possible. In such a situation, provocative test and re-bacteriological research is prescribed. Timely diagnosis allows you to prevent further infection of sexual partners.

Public Prevention Measures

Approval "Trichomoniaz almost always causes human body negative consequences Even with timely treatment, "quite faithful. Each person needs to take care of prevention in advance to avoid problems in the future. Prevention of venereal diseases at the state level includes the following activities:

• carrying out among the population of educational and explanatory work on the issues of safe sexual intercourse;
• ensuring available medical services to those sections of the population, which are included in the risk group;
• organization of activities aimed at the formation of safe intimate behavior;
• timely detection of hidden forms of sexually transmitted infections.

Read also on the topic

What way trichomonas is transmitted

The main way to infection by trichomoniasis is the sexual path. In some cases, the child can infect intrauterine or in the process of generic activity. There is a probability of human infection by contactless way, that is, trichomonas can fall into the body when using other people's washcloths, towels or dishes.

The risk group includes tramps, teenagers and medical personnelContacting blood when conducting various studies. One of the steps to the prevention of trichomoniasis is a survey of prostitutes, drug addicts and people of non-traditional orientation for the timely diagnosis of venereal diseases.

Prevention of pathology

Statistics show that each year more than 170 million new cases of infection with trichomonas are recorded. Trichomyoniasis prophylaxis can be divided into primary and secondary. Primary preventive measures are aimed at preventing infection by trichomonas, and secondary - help prevent recurrence.

It is important to abandon any random connections and especially people who fall into the risk area. Avoid infection is possible with the help of a special medical drug - Miramistina. With it, the genitals are processed immediately after the end of the intercourse. With oral and anal sexual contact, it is recommended to resort to additional preventive measures.

Prevention of pathology in men includes the following procedures:

• it is necessary to preoccupy and it is advisable to do it no later than 2 hours after intimate proximity;
• the cooked milkstone solution should be entered directly in the urethra and hold it there for at least 5 minutes.

Early prevention of venereal disease in women is needed to survive no later than 2 hours after sexual intercourse. Avoid pecifiaries into the body, it is also possible to avoid mirograms, but it is necessary to introduce it to an intimate organ in a much larger volume than in men. In order to prevent prevention, you should additionally process drug Region area, outdoor germ lips and inner thigh surfaces.

Important! If there was an oral contact, then the treatment with a solution of moss of the pharynx is carried out. In anal - genital contact, it is necessary to use a condom, which is considered the best way to prevent trichomoniasis.

Such barrier contraception, as a condom, helps to avoid hitting trichomonas into the organs of the urogenital system. This is due to the fact that its size is much less than the condom, which helps to prevent infection. Dangerous source of infection is considered sperm and female allocations, as well as used during sexual contact.

Avoid infection by trichomoniasis is possible in the presence of one sexual partner, and when storing loyalty to your family. With the appearance of the first signs of a venereal disease, it should seem likely as soon as possible, and it is necessary to do this with both spouses. The body does not produce immunity to trichomoniasis, so repeated infection is possible.

Preventive prevention

One of the ways to hit Trichomonas to the child's body is considered to infect the mother or passing by the generic paths. It is for this reason that it is important to carry out preventive measures before the onset of generic activity. When planning a child, parents are recommended to undergo a survey for the presence of trichomoniasis. With a positive result, the spouses are assigned treatment, and it is possible to prevent the transfer of infection with a newborn child.

The site provides reference information Exceptionally for familiarization. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation of a specialist is obligatory!

2. Using a condom with random contacts.

3. With dangerous intercourse, timely appeal to the personally consultation to the doctor of the venereologist. Timely detection of infection will allow the most efficient to destroy the infection.

4. The appointed treatment requires control of cure. This will avoid infection of family members and sexual partner.

5. It is necessary to comply with the prescribed treatment regimen. Any changes in treatment can be made only with the knowledge of the attending physician. Inadequate treatment can contribute to the transition of the disease into an atypical asymptomatic form. Error with the elimination of symptoms for complete recovery, the patient may terminate the treatment and continue to infect sexual partners.

In the event that it was not possible to avoid infection yet, a personal consultation of a venereologist's doctor is required, carrying out full-fledged diagnostics to identify the causative agent of infection and carry out a full-fledged course of treatment. However, it is necessary to understand that the treatment of this infection is a difficult task and this is due to the fact that a trichomonaceous infection today has acquired a number of features.

Features of trichomoniasis today

1. Many trichomonade strains have resistant to antibiotics of the main medical group. This is due to the inadequate practice of treating this disease, self-medication, unauthorized interruption of treatment by the patient himself. As a result of the inadequate use of antibiotics, a group of survivable trichomonodes are formed, which are resistant to the antibacterial drugs used.

2. Usually ( in 80-85% of cases), trichomonaceous infection does not come alone:

• In 40% of cases, it is associated with mycoplasma infection
• 30% - with a gonococcus
• 15-20% with chlamydia

Therefore, when identifying trichomonas, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive diagnosis of venereal diseases.
When identifying concomitant infections, the treatment must be effective in relation to all identified infections.

3. Quite often occurs as a asymptomatic course of the disease, which requires a responsible patient's attitude to his health. The absence of symptoms of the disease does not mean that treatment is not required.

Principles of drug treatment trichomoniasis

1. The use of antibacterial drugs is the basis for the treatment of this disease. Antibiotics from the group exhibit the greatest effectiveness in relation to infection. nitromidazole.

2. Immunostimulating drugs contribute to an increase in the resistance of the body of infection. In this case, the formation of persistent immunity to this infection temporarily can reduce the likelihood of re-infection.

3. When applying antibacterial drugs, along with the destruction of harmful bacteria, a change in normal microflora occurs. In order to eliminate the dysbacteriosis of the intestine, mucous sex tract, it is necessary to use drugs from the group of probiotics. These drugs contain in its composition living bacteria that replenish the normal microflora composition.

4. It is not convincingly recommended to use any analogues or drugs similar in action, and not those that appointed the attending physician. The fact is that all drugs, even those that contain identical according to the structure ( how to make manufacturers) Substance, possess different efficiency. And the antibacterial effect of some drugs is only in placebo effect. Therefore, if the prescribed drug cannot be found in pharmacies, consult a doctor for changing the treatment regimen.

5. Interrupt treatment, irregularly taking the drug, or taking not all drugs from the appointed - unacceptable. In this case, the effectiveness of the treatment can decrease sharply.

6. During the period of treatment of a venereal disease, all sexual relations must be discontinued. This is due to the threat of reinfection, and due to the fact that the affected mucosa of the genital organs ( most often, these lesions accompany venereal diseases.) react with inflammation on mechanical irritation.

conclusions

Based on the above information, the following conclusions can be drawn.
1. Trichomoniasis is venereal disease, the main means of the prevention of which are safe sexual intercourse.

2. In case of suspicion of infection, it is necessary to immediately consult a venereologist to a full-fledged diagnosis.

3. In the treatment, it is necessary to respond with the regime of reception of drugs and comply with all the prescriptions of the attending physician of the specialist.

4. After the treatment, it is mandatory necessary to conduct a re-diagnosis to control crushing. Only laboratory confirmation of the lack of infection can be a reliable criterion.

5. Never perform self-medication - inadequate therapy may be the cause of the formation of stability to the applied antibiotic, which requires changing the treatment regimen and lengthens the course of treatment.