Today the market is overflowing with various dressings for any crops, of which the main ones are nitrogen-containing, phosphorus and potash. The most popular nitrogenous substance for tomatoes is saltpeter, urea, carbamide and others. Those that contain ammonium acidify the soil, therefore, additional lime should be added to the soil.

Among the phosphoric ones, superphosphate or double superphosphate is distinguished, with different concentrations of the element. Potassium salt, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate are most often used to fertilize the soil with potassium. It should be borne in mind that substances containing chlorine impair the palatability of the fruit and can damage the root system.

Many people use complex fertilizers to feed plants, which contain many different nutrients. For example, nitrophoska, potassium nitrate, ammophos, diammophos and much more. The latest innovations are solution and several types of Kemira.

Universal Kemira

This substance is used during spring soil preparation. For tomatoes, one hundred and fifty grams of fertilizer per one square meter is enough with a one-time application. You can use it in several stages, then at the first introduction one hundred grams should be applied, and then two more dressings during the growth of tomatoes, thirty grams each. It is best to apply food directly to the wells before planting the plants. For after planting top dressing, it is necessary to mix the fertilizer with the ground and scatter it over the surface, then it is necessary to thoroughly water the area. It is impossible to pour more than forty grams of substance per square meter. Universal kemira contains a lot nutrients for the active growth of crops.

"Kemira Lux"

Its composition is identical to the previous one, only the concentration of substances is greater. This fertilizer is completely soluble and is used as a fertilizer during growth. It should be diluted in water for irrigation and applied to tomatoes and open conditions and in greenhouses. For a bucket of water, one tablespoon of the substance is needed for adult plants, and for seedlings, the same amount is diluted in twenty liters of water. In closed conditions, feeding should be applied every two weeks, and in open conditions, once every seven days.

"Calcium nitrate"

This substance contains calcium and nitrogen in sufficient quantity for active growth. It is well absorbed by plants, enhancing their vegetative growth and visibly greening the crown. The product is completely soluble and twenty grams of the substance is enough for a bucket of water. Applied in different conditions growing several times before flowering and fruit emergence. Can be applied by spraying, only making a 1% solution.

"Universal"

In addition to many trace elements and the complete absence of chlorine, the fertilizer contains many humic substances. It can be applied not only for tomatoes, but also for all other garden and garden plants... It does not acidify the soil and is completely absorbed by plants. If it is applied systematically, the result will be an increase in humus in the soil, and not just in plants. Fertilizer is used for general digging and topically, but always dry. The composition of the substance is very rich and varied.

"Solution"

This is a complex fertilizer that contains all the necessary substances and trace elements. "Solution" is completely diluted in water and is used for feeding almost all crops. It can be applied under the roots or by spraying, dissolving it at different concentrations. It is very important that this substance begins to act very quickly and the results are visible almost immediately. Therefore, for urgent fertilization, this option is the most optimal.

"Magnesium sulfate"

The composition contains magnesium and sulfur. This combination is explained by the fact that on acidic soils ah, there is usually a lack of magnesium, and both of these problems can be reformed with this substance, which not only enriches the soil with magnesium, but also controls the increased acidity. This substance improves the palatability of products by enriching the fruit with vitamins and starch. The yield also increases markedly. It can be used both independently and in tandem with other fertilizers. Good work results will be noticeable with regular feeding.

"Potassium monophosphate"

The substance is completely soluble in water and contains phosphorus and potassium. It can be used both in solution and in dry form, it is also possible to use it as foliar feeding. Fertilizer improves plant metabolism during root application, it is better used during the generative phase of development. Spraying is carried out in a shaded time of the day or in cloudy weather, but without the possibility of rain. Root applications are carried out with a solution of fifteen grams per bucket of water or by distributing dry matter over the soil surface at a distance of ten centimeters from the stem.

How to feed tomato seedlings should be decided by looking at the seedlings themselves. If it is green and stocky, then everything is enough for it and you can wait with additional fertilizing until the seedlings are planted in the ground.

If you see that the leaves turn yellow and fall off, or the seedlings look frail (although there is enough light), they grow poorly, then it's time to feed. Most likely the seedling soil was poor in nutrients.

But you should know that overfeeding is also destructive for tomatoes, as well as underfeeding, there is no need to feed tomatoes "just in case."

Top dressing of tomato seedlings

With obvious signs of "starvation" of tomato seedlings, we give her Agricola for seedlings (according to the instructions), this is a complex fertilizer, except for it, you can not add anything. During the entire time of growing seedlings on the windowsill, many gardeners only occasionally water it with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and that's all, they don't add anything else and bring the seedlings to planting in the ground in good shape... The type of seedlings largely depends on whether they have enough light and how good the soil was taken for growing.

Often gardeners ask how to feed tomato seedlings after picking? We know that often after picking for better root formation, many amateurs water the seedlings with Kornevin. But this is not a top dressing, but a biostimulating preparation for plants, which causes increased root growth. It is not necessary to apply any fertilizers immediately after the pick.

Fertilizing tomato seedlings with yeast

Let us clarify that it is better to feed tomatoes with yeast after planting them in a permanent place in a greenhouse or open ground.

Such feeding is carried out only 2 times per season, otherwise there will be solid greenery, to the detriment of fruit formation. Tomatoes are fed with yeast in June, when it is necessary for the plant to gain strength and grow thick stems and good roots.

To prepare a working solution, you need to take 1 kg of baker's yeast in a briquette, dilute in 5 liters of warm water and let it brew for a day. To feed the tomatoes, 0.5 liters of this solution is added to a bucket of water and watered under the bushes. Half a liter of solution is consumed per plant. This feeding is just yeast. Many gardeners add infusions of herbs, chicken droppings to this top dressing to enrich its composition. Any top dressing is applied to wet soil, so the tomatoes must be watered first.

The result of such feeding will be visible within a week. The saying "grows by leaps and bounds" is confirmed in practice.

Another recipe for yeast feeding: put 100 g of live yeast and half a glass of sugar in a 3-liter jar. Fill warm water almost to the top and put in a warm place for fermentation. Before the end of fermentation, the jar sometimes needs to be shaken. Use the resulting "mash" for feeding tomatoes at the rate of 1 glass per 10 liters of water. They feed this fertilizer once at the rate of 1 liter under a bush.

How to feed tomatoes after planting in the ground

After planting tomatoes in a permanent place in open ground or a greenhouse, refrain from any additional fertilizing for 2 weeks, let the plants adapt to the new conditions. Further, it is up to you to decide what top dressing to use to obtain the maximum yield. We will give only small tips.

Nitrogen fertilizers strongly stimulate the growth of green mass, to the detriment of fruit formation. Therefore, zealous with them in the first feeding is not a good decision. It is better to give preference to phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. Most the best way for tomatoes - ash or potassium sulfate. It is better not to take potassium chloride - chlorine has a depressing effect on tomatoes.

Of the micronutrients, the most necessary for tomatoes are boron and magnesium. Boron is necessary during flowering so that flowers and ovaries do not fall off. To do this, it is enough to spray the leaves and flowers with a solution 1-2 times. boric acid in a concentration of 1 g per 1 liter of water and the problem will be solved (unless, of course, the temperature of 40 degrees is not in the greenhouse every day). Boron also helps to increase sugar in fruits.

Well, organic fertilizers. Infusion of mullein, bird droppings, weeds (better than nettles) are only beneficial, but also in moderate quantities and only before fruit setting, after that, organic matter does not need to be introduced in any form, active growth of the vegetative mass at this time is no longer needed.

After setting the fruits, we use the following top dressing for our tomatoes:

Pour 2 liters of ash with 5 liters of boiling water, stir well, then after cooling, bring the volume to 10 liters and add 10 g of boric acid powder + 10 ml of iodine (bottle) to it. Infuse this solution for a day. Then dilute the resulting infusion 10 times. Feed 1 liter under the bush.

It is best to use all the same for feeding tomatoes at all stages of growth. folk remedies, not chemistry. Feed your plants with herbal infusions, ash, mulch with compost and humus. Maybe a little less fruits will grow, but they will be much tastier and sweeter than the "chemical" ones. Although the results of the work of natural gardeners are sometimes very impressive, their yields are amazing!

Let's share in the comments the recipes for our dressings, after which we get good harvests... If you have a photo, upload it via the "Attach photo" button. Good harvests to you!

Not every gardener knows what is the best fertilizer for tomatoes. Tomatoes grow in almost every vegetable garden. This is a favorite crop of all summer residents and gardeners. In order for the harvest to be large, tomatoes need to be fertilized for a month. This is especially important if the land on the site is sandy and infertile.

How and what tomatoes are fertilized

Those who have been growing tomatoes for years in a greenhouse, outdoors or in a greenhouse know how to fertilize tomatoes. These plants do not like excess fertilizer. It is better to use a small amount of fertilizer than to overdo it. Fertilization should be phased, starting from the moment of preparation land plot for tomato seedlings.

You need to fertilize tomatoes from the very beginning of their growth. If tomatoes are grown from seeds, then special agents are used to stimulate their germination (Kornevin, Zircon). When planting germinated seeds in a pot, ash and potash fertilizers should not be used, as they negatively affect the growth of young tomatoes. All fertilizers for tomatoes in the greenhouse or in the open field are divided into organic and mineral.

There are complex fertilizers on sale that contain all the necessary substances. Tomatoes in the greenhouse and in the garden cannot grow normally without the following compounds:

• potassium;
• magnesium;
• phosphorus;
• nitrogen;
• copper;
• manganese;
• boron;
• iodine.

Phosphorus is especially important for seedlings. This element influences the development of the root system of plants. With a lack of phosphorus, plants acquire a purple hue. Fertilizers based on phosphorus include "Superphosphate". It is produced in the form of granules and powder. Another valuable substance is nitrogen. Nitrogen-based fertilizers are required during the soil adaptation phase of tomatoes after transplanting.

With a large amount of such fertilizers, the process of flowering and ripening of fruits is disrupted, therefore, nitrogen fertilizers should be used in small quantities. Such fertilizers include urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate.

Potassium is required for fruit ripening. Potash fertilizers increase the number of ovaries. Potash fertilizers are applied in advance.

Currently, the following fertilizers are used for tomato seedlings planted in the ground:

• ammonium nitrate;
• "Superphosphate";
• urea;
• ammonium sulfate;
• manure;
• slurry;
• bird droppings;
• iodine solution;
• weak boric acid solution;
• complex fertilizers (Nitrofoska, Nitroammophos, Ammophos).

With optimal fertilization, tomatoes will grow quickly and produce high yields.

How to fertilize tomatoes (video)

When feeding is carried out

When growing tomatoes in a greenhouse, the soil must be prepared in the fall. It is required to apply organic fertilizers (mullein solution or humus). Instead, mulch left over from last year can be used. Mulch can be straw, rotted grass. Sawdust is often used. In the period from autumn to spring, the mulch will rot and improve the quality of the soil.

With high soil acidity, dolomite flour or lime can be added. In addition, organic fertilizers are introduced (compost, bird droppings, manure).

When growing tomatoes in a greenhouse in the spring, you need to dig up the ground and add humus, sawdust or manure. Such fertilization is organized if the soil is enriched with mineral and organic substances. For 1 m² you need 3 kg of organic fertilizers.

If the soil is poor, then you need 7 kg of humus and a glass of ash per 1 m² of land. If in previous years other vegetable crops grew in place of tomatoes, which were sufficiently fertilized, then humus is not introduced. Before planting young plants in a greenhouse, it is recommended to irrigate the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate or potassium permanganate. For clay soil, a mixture of potassium sulfate, nitrogen fertilizers and ash (flour) is suitable.

After the seedlings take root (after 20 days from the moment of planting in the ground), the first feeding is carried out.

Used "Nitrofoska". For 10 liters of water, 1 tbsp is taken. l. The second feeding is carried out after 10 days. Potassium sulfate solution is used. After another 12 days, a solution of ash and "Superphosphate" is used as fertilizer. A liter of solution is required for 1 plant.

Mineral fertilizers for tomatoes can be replaced with organic ones. In this situation, a manure-based solution is used. The ratio of manure to water is 1:10. An alternative way is to use poultry droppings. During the fruiting of tomatoes, it is better to use "Superphosphate". Along with traditional fertilization methods, non-traditional ones are used.

Other ways to enrich the soil for tomatoes

Green plants are used to improve the quality of the land in the garden. They are otherwise called siderates. Most often planted next siderates for tomatoes:

• mustard;
• radish;
• phacelia;
• alfalfa;
• lupine;
• buckwheat.

It is preferable to use cold-resistant green manure. Sow the seeds of the plants in early spring... Plants are often covered with plastic wrap. Siderata must be harvested and buried in the ground before they bloom and give seeds. Siderata contribute to the enrichment of the soil with nitrogen, increase the yield of tomatoes, and suppress the growth of weeds.

A plant like phacelia changes the pH of the soil. It makes the soil neutral, which is most favorable. The radish loosens the soil and protects tomato seedlings from pests. Mustard increases the content in the soil organic matter, prevents soil erosion and disease.

Tomatoes, like many other plants, need the right fertilizers, they are less (in comparison with late cabbage) respond to the application of organic fertilizers directly. It is best if you place the tomatoes in areas where the same fertilizer was applied to the previous crop. So, how to fertilize tomatoes?

What is the best fertilizer for tomatoes?

Phosphorus for fertilizing tomatoes

As you know, tomatoes are the most demanding vegetable crop to phosphorus nutrition, although it takes out phosphorus from the soil several times less than potassium and nitrogen.

From the moment the seeds germinate, the seeds - phosphorus begins to contribute to increased root growth, an increase in yield, as well as earlier flowering and accelerated ripening of fruits, an increase in sugar content and dry matter in fruits. What fertilizers can you still feed tomatoes?

The better to fertilize tomatoes - potassium and nitrogen

A fertilizer such as potassium has a very great importance for tomatoes, it is he who is of great importance for normal fruiting, the fruits ripen sooner. Tomatoes need an adequate supply of nitrogen, preferably in ammonia form.

Potassium-nitrogen nutrition is necessary for these plants, especially during the period of budding, as well as flowering and fruit formation. Due to the lack of nitrogen and potassium fertilization, plant growth is weakened, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in fruit, as well as a decrease in yield. As for the excess of nitrogen, this is also not a positive phenomenon for tomatoes, for example, during vegetative growth, a large number of nitrogen contributes to the so-called "fattening" of plants and a significant delay in the onset of fruiting, as well as an increase in the incidence of plants.

How can tomatoes be fertilized - boric acid

Fertilization of a tomato can be different, contain a variable amount of nutrients. But boric acid is the most beneficial and rational of all fertilizers.

Tomatoes without boric acid can give a poor harvest - some of the fruits die off and rots right on the stem from a lack of nutrients! However, experienced gardeners use boric acid competently so as not to harm the plants. It is important to feed at the right time. The bushes should be fertilized on early stage development, and then give the plant to grow up to the flowering period. Otherwise, boric acid will not be beneficial for tomatoes, it will only slow down the growth and development of the bushes. When the ovary is formed and begins to develop, you can safely "help" the plants and fertilize them. Special attention should be given to those plants that are not grown in open areas, but, for example, on the balconies of multi-storey buildings, because such tomatoes are weaker than their garden "counterparts".

How boric acid is used for tomatoes

There are several stages of using boric acid for tomatoes. The first one starts long before landing. Soak tomato seeds with boric acid for a day, it is important to adjust the proportion according to the instructions of the microfertilizer manufacturer. The second stage - pre-sowing - duplicates the first, but it should be carried out on the eve of sowing. Boric acid for tomatoes is also added to the seed or seedling wells. The most important stage of fertilization occurs during the flowering period, when the plant is ready to set the ovary. Boric acid for tomatoes will be useful both at the flowering stage and later in the fruiting stage.

It is also important to take into account the proportions of the use of fertilizer so as not to harm the plants and, ultimately, yourself. It is not for nothing that the people say: "too much does not mean good." However, if you are careful, you can get a crop of 40, or even 50 kilograms per square meter of planted tomatoes. At the same time, you will not spend a lot of time caring for the plants, because boric acid for tomatoes will make it possible to get the first fruits at the end of June. The main thing is not just to fill the bushes with fertilizer, but also to plant them correctly, tie them up, and huddle them up.

It's no secret that ninety-four percent of the phosphorus absorbed by tomatoes goes to the formation of their fruits. From the introduced kilogram of powdered superphosphate, which contains one hundred and eighty grams of phosphoric acid, the plant takes about thirty to fifty grams. If you add granular superphosphate, then phosphorus will be absorbed better, and less fertilizers will be spent (two to four times). In contrast to adults, due to insufficient development of the root system, young plants are characterized by poor digestibility of hardly soluble phosphorus compounds. As for the use of superphosphate when planting seedlings in granules in holes (ten to twelve grams), it should be noted that it accelerates fruiting, and also increases the yield by ten percent.

How to fertilize tomatoes after picking?

First of all, it should be noted that it is necessary to water and fertilize the grown tomato seedlings only in the evening when the sun goes down.

The second point is the water you need to float the tomatoes. When watering, you need to use warm water, which you collect in advance so that it warms up and to exclude a temperature drop in the root system - for a plant, a temperature drop looks like for a person when he drank hot tea, and then immediately ate ice cream. Thus, it is advisable to use a large watering container. Then we take a separate bucket, pick up a matchbox of urea, pour it into the bucket, it is important to pay attention that we pour the urea into an empty bucket when there is still no water in it, and then this bucket is filled with water and when the water is poured, the urea dissolves very well. For complete confidence in the dissolution of the poured urea, you can stir the liquid with a stick. After that, we proceed to watering the tomato bushes, we try to water so that the fertilizer does not fall on the leaves, one liter of liquid is poured under each tomato bush. In the morning, if you have time to weed the soil, nothing bad will happen if you weed in the evening.

After ten days, fertilize the tomatoes with mullein (cow dung, to be precise). Remember that manure needs to be diluted so that it looks like liquid sour cream, but if this fertilizer is not diluted well enough, then you will not be able to fully fertilize the tomatoes. When the time comes to fertilize the plants with a mullein, this is done as follows. A bucket is taken, which is not a pity to get dirty, five hundred grams of a mullein is poured into an empty bucket, after which warm water is poured into it, it is important to mix the manure very well. The proportions per ten-liter bucket, if the bucket is larger or, on the contrary, smaller, respectively, the amount of mullein will be more or less.

How can you fertilize tomatoes in a greenhouse

What fertilizer is better to use when planting a tomato? The first fertilization for tomatoes in the greenhouse is carried out only seven to eight days after their direct planting - the bushes are watered under the root with a saturated solution of mullein, one part of which is dissolved in ten parts of water. The consumption of the solution depends on the ratio - one liter per one bush. Watering is carried out at the root, remember that it is important to take precautions, the soil around the root collar should not erode, its exposure will lead to problems with the development of tomatoes.In the future, it is necessary to grow tomatoes with dressings, the regularity of which is once every twenty days.

In addition to the mullein solution described above, a solution of the biostimulator "Ovyaz" is used as a fertilizer for tomatoes, it is prepared according to the instructions on the package.

In addition, tomatoes are well stimulated thanks to the solution of one glass wood ash in ten liters of water, and if you add one more tablespoon of table salt to this solution, the fruits will get an additional taste, they will grow more tender and sugary.

Tomatoes respond very well to fertilization with nitroammophos (one matchbox, which is diluted in ten liters of water). Nitroammophosk can be replaced double superphosphate, however, remember that in this case it is necessary to halve the dose - half a matchbox.

As you know, in the case of prolonged rains or simply cloudy damp weather, the risk of infection of tomatoes with late blight increases, so the plants must be sprayed additionally with a solution of "Fitosporin". And also to use for fertilization for tomatoes a solution of half a gram of potassium permanganate and thirty-five grams of boric acid per ten liters of water - as an additional measure of fertilization.

How to fertilize tomatoes in a greenhouse? This issue is very important for the normal development and growth of the plant and the appearance of tasty fruits. The next time to fertilize tomatoes in the greenhouse - half a liter - a liter of mullein (diluted chicken droppings), one tablespoon of potassium sulfate, one teaspoon of magnesium sulfate, one and a half teaspoon of boric acid. During the period of mass tomato ovary, it definitely makes sense to spray them with such a solution: a bucket of water, half a liter of milk, five grams of boric acid, fifteen drops of iodine, fifty grams of soda ash.

How to fertilize tomatoes during flowering

For each plant, it is necessary to spend about 10 ml for young plants and increase the dose by 1.5 times as it grows. Foliar dressing are carried out using superphosphate. It is necessary to spray the plants at the very beginning of flowering by diluting superphosphate in a proportion of 50 grams of fertilizer per 10 liters of water. To prepare the mixture, fertilizer is poured hot water and mix thoroughly several times. It is necessary to insist for a day, after which the solution is filtered. Boric acid solution is also a fertilizer to stimulate fruit set. To prepare a solution, it is necessary to dilute 1 gram of acid per 1 liter of very hot water... During mass flowering, it is necessary to spray the bushes with a cooled solution.

How tomatoes are fertilized during flowering

At the height of the season, two types of tomato fertilization are carried out. The first time is 20 days after planting, and the second time is 20 days after the first mass ripening of fruits. As a liquid fertilizer, use a solution of 25 grams of nitrogen fertilizers, 40 grams of phosphate fertilizers and 15 grams potash fertilizers for 10 liters of water. Liquid top dressing is consumed for the first time for 15 bushes, and for the second time for 7 bushes. Dry tomatoes are also used to fertilize tomatoes. mineral fertilizers, which are laid between the rows. To do this, use 5 grams of nitrogen and 10 grams of phosphate and potassium fertilizers per 1 square meter. Good results can be achieved by using liquid fertilizers from organic fertilizers.

Why do you need fertilizer for tomatoes

If you don't fertilize the tomatoes at all, the leaves will not look pretty at all. They will begin to curl at a young age, and if you wish to unfold them by hand, they can easily fall off. This is what is a sign of excess nitrogen. Lack of nitrogen manifests itself in the form of stuntedness of the plant, yellowing of the lower leaves and their dropping. It is very important not to confuse such characteristics with excess watering and low temperatures. Fertilizing a tomato in a greenhouse should also be accompanied by the presence of phosphorus. If it is lacking, the plant can turn purple. With a normal growth rate of leaves, this kind of starvation can be considered normal and not interfere with the natural process.

With a lack of iron, you should think about the fact that you should not fertilize the plant around the clock. Tomatoes, like humans, take a certain amount of time to rest. At night, active cell division occurs, and the nutrients accumulated during the day are processed. Chlorosis is usually treated with the addition of iron through a digestible bivalent form. It is necessary to spray the leaves with a hypotonic solution. Any seedlings for normal growth must be provided with all the necessary set of trace elements, as well as a normal "sleep" at night. Calcium deficiency is rare. It is this phenomenon that manifests itself a little later during growth in greenhouses, when apical rot forms on the bushes. It is necessary to feed the seedlings little by little, but regularly. It is better to select complex fertilizers.