When planning to conduct an autonomous water supply, as a source, a person often uses a well: it can be pulled out on any plot, and simply and inexpensive.

The solution to the issue in this way is relevant both for the cottage and for a country cottage, in which people are yearly living.

Well with a "house" in the country area

Naturally, the water supply scheme has many nuances - and all of them require attention when planning and laying, especially if you are going to spend it with your own hands.

1 Water Supplies Scheme

To begin with, we'll figure it out how in general terms the water supply with such a source will look.

1.1 Pump selection

Pumping station in "Domik" for a well

The water supply device must comply with the pump - installation pumping water. It can be submersible (when the unit itself is in water) or (when the pump is on the surface, and the water hose or pipe drops into the water).

In addition to the difference in the location, the pump itself can differ in the principle of action. It can be vibrating (when the work performs the piston and, creating oscillations) or by the centrifugal (when the water moves the wheel with the blades).

The first option is less convenient - because it has less productivity, and is mainly suitable for work in the country. The second is more suitable in cases where you need to create a full-fledged water supply for country house Due to the fact that with the same sizes can provide greater performance.

By the way, about performance - when choosing a device, it is necessary to pay attention to its quality characteristics - otherwise the system will not fully function. In particular, attention is required to pay the following parameters:

1. The depth with which the pump can lift water - is usually up to 10 meters.
2. Performance - water volume (calculated in liters per minute or "cubes" per hour), which the device can be tightened into the system.
3. The pressure is the power that the device can be capped water and how far.

If everything is clear with the first item - it is necessary to simply immerse the pump (or hose) not lower than a certain depth (the only nuance - about 50-60 cm should remain to the bottom) - then the two remaining require the use of certain formulas.

To calculate performance, you need to know how much about water consumes the system in peak clock:

• shower cabin (or bathroom) - about 9 liters per minute;
• water tap, open completely - about 5 liters per minute;
• toilet (when washed and filling the tank) - about 5 liters per minute.

In addition, there may be other consumers:

• the irrigation system (for 1 "square" of the surface takes about 4 liters of water per day - on average, of course);
• washing machine - about 40-50 liters on 1 wash cycle;
• the dishwasher is about 8-14 liters (depending on the size) on 1 cycle of washing.

This should also add calculations and by watering - in case the autonomous country water supply is designed. Using the above-mentioned data, each wishes can easily calculate the required parameter without any problems, guided by its features (the number of baths, cranes, the presence / absence of watering system and so on).

In step, the device should be chosen through another principle. For this it is considered the length of the place of water intake and to the very far end consumer. In this case, the vertical length is considered to be 1: 1 (1 meter of real length \u003d 1 meter of pressure), and horizontal - 10: 1 (10 meters of real length \u003d 1 meter of pressure). Moreover, the choice should be with a reserve - since any pipe bending, any valve, any crane - reduce the pressure.

1.2 Choosing a hydroaccumulator

Another one an important element is - each water supply should have it for several reasons:

1. To quenulate sharp pressure jumps (occurring at the time of turning on the pump).
2. To reduce the amount of switching on the pump.
3. For the storage of water supply (due to which it is possible that the autonomous functioning of the system - the water supply can be obtained by water, even if the pump fails / disappears electricity).

It is selected by volume - popular models are usually designed for 24, 50 or 80 liters, but there are devices both more and less.

For the cottage you can restrict ourselves to the minimum volume, but for a country house it is better to have a stock. The principle of calculation is the same as mentioned above (that is, the maximum possible consumption is summed up - and an approximate minimum volume value is obtained).

1.3 Choosing material for the well

The well itself may also differ - by what it is made from. Now the most popular solutions are plastic or reinforced concrete structures.

The first option is most convenient - due to the ease of plastic, such a design can be created with their own hands without resorting to payable services of specialists. But products from - are more difficult, so require special equipment for delivery and installation.

In this case, it will not work out in this case. Key differences between these two options, in fact, no - both materials are durable, reliable.

Is that concrete, due to the porous and not too smooth surface, is more located to the development of microorganisms, so plastic, rather, more suitable for the well device. Moreover, it is equally relevant for both cottages and a huge cottage.

1.4 Choosing a pipeline material and circuit drawing up

Now the most popular for the creation of dacha and cottage water supply systems is used by polymer materials. Plastic - light, smooth (and hence it is less predisposed to clouds), biologically neutral, cheap.

It is not surprising that the water supply for the cottage (and for the country house too) is often mounted precisely from polymeric materials - Steel and copper is an order of magnitude more expensive, and more difficult in installation. But with plastic you can work with your own hands.

As for the size - the circuit is usually created from pipes with a diameter of 25 or 32 mm.

At the selection and purchases of the pipes, the network detail is also performed. This is a diagram for which the location of the lines is applied in detail, as well as reinforcements and connecting elements. Detailing is important and needed in order to accurately design the future system.

The stage this is sufficiently responsible, and is usually carried out by experts - because it requires a certain experience. However, with due attention, the procedure can be performed with your own hands (especially if the scheme is intended for a small country house or dacha).

1.5 Selection of thermal insulation for pipes

In order for the water supply (or more precisely - its part running outside the house, along the street) does not froze in winter, it is required to be properly insulated. Moreover, in addition to injection into the ground, it is advisable to use also heat insulation material - To sure to prevent the probability of freezing the line.

For this purpose, it is best to use the shell - segments (solid or prefabricular type) that wear on the pipe. These segments are performed from heat-insulating materials:

• minvata;
• styrofoam;
• polyurethan.

Having different thickness (usually from 4 to 10 cm), they are quite high qualityly insulate the plumbing both from cold and from possible mechanical damage. In addition, they can be used and with their own hands - which is also important.

If you manage the question of which heat-insulators to use - here we should consider at least brief features of the aforementioned materials. Minvata does not tolerate moisture too well - so it requires additional protection.

Polyfoam is not too durable, and also needs a protective casing. Polyurethane Foolder - the most good option Due to the fact that it is the most efficient (from the list of materials - has the least thermal conductivity coefficient), and rather hard, so as not to succumb to the pressure of the soil, and moisture is not afraid.

Separately, it should be noted that the segments of the collection type are less reliable - since in this case an additional seam is created between two parts of the insulation. However, they can be used even on the finished water supply. If the scheme is only planned - it is better to hold the pipes to which in the process of laying it is not allowed to wear the shell.

2 stages and nuances of the water supply

Water supply of a private house from a well begins with a trench from the source and to the cottage (at home). The depth of the RVA should be about 120-150 cm - below the depth of the ground freezing (the value varies depending on the region).

After digging on the bottom, the sand "pillow" is embanked, by about 10-20 cm. All this can be done with your own hands, although there are quite a lot of time on earthworks.

After that, you can connect the pump itself. Depending on the type (submersible or superficial), it is either lowered into water, tieting for the cable, or they are installed on a flat site next to the well (and better - in, pre-insulated), and the hose is lowered in water.

Then the water supply itself is paired - from the pump to the house. It should be laid on the bottom of the dug in the trench, insulating the aforementioned method. After installing the heat insulation, over the shell, it is possible to wind up the design with polyethylene in several layers, after which it can be filled with its land.

In the very dacha, the scheme initially should lead to the hydroaccumulator, and already from it - to diverge to consumers. At the same time, consider that it is desirable to do as few turns and bends as possible - since each of them reduces the pressure.

With regard to how to perform a layout - it is best to apply a collector method: when there is a single collector, and separate lines are diverged to all consumers (bathroom, cranes, shower).

After the scheme is collected - it is required to perform its test inclusion in operation and carefully evaluate the quality and reliability of the compounds, as well as the functioning of the system itself as a whole (inclusion of the station, pressure stability).

2.1 Stages and nuances of the water supply (video)

Since the connection of a country house to centralized water supply is not possible, the owners of private houses and dachensons have to independently solve the issue of autonomous water supply. There are three options for the implementation of this task: to use water from natural reservoirs, organize water supply from the well or from the well. The pond or river near the house happens infrequently, so it remains to decide what is better to equip - well or well. Of the existing options, experts consider preferred water supply of a country house from the well and in favor of this method there are a number of arguments.

Advantages of well water supply

Water supply from the well is widely used for country private houses and cottages and this is why:

• drain of the well is much cheaper than the drilling of the well;
• to divert the well personally able to any person who has due skills;
• the correct well, the well will provide water for many years, and completely free (not counting, of course, the cost of supplying water to the house);
• drain the well can be without official permission.

It should be noted, however, that, compared with water from the well, well water due to the close occurrence to the surface of the Earth may contain quite a lot of impurities. It is quite suitable for technical needs and irrigation, but that it can be used for drinking, it is desirable to clean the water using the filter system setting. In addition, the well needs periodic cleaning (experts recommend to conduct it at least once a year).

Technology Device Clean System

The whole process consists of:

• develop a specific water supply scheme;
• copmers trenches for pipeline, caissons;
• selection of pumping equipment and its installation;
• water purification - filter installations;
• laying the pipeline from the well to the house;
• installations of water heating equipment, dishwashers, washing machines.

As a rule, a pump or pumping station for water intake is included in the autonomous diagram. They are installed in the house, in a special utility room or directly above the well - in the caisson. Pump join the pipe with a well. With it, water is pumped into the hydroaccumulator, and the pipes are diverted to all consumers in the house.

If water is consumed in the house, for example, in the bathroom or in a sink in the kitchen, the pressure in the system begins to gradually fall. When the pressure level reaches 2.2 bar, the pressure switch is triggered and includes the pump. He again begins to pump water into the hydroaccumulator, until the pressure reaches 3 bar. It works, and the pump is turned off again.

Water supply scheme from a well for any private house is performed individually, depending on the use of the water supply - exclusively for drinking water or also for watering the garden, washing machine, for livestock, birds, etc.

Read also our material about other options for autonomous water supply of the private home :.

Choose a place for the future well

The initial stage of the water supply device is. Works are recommended from June to September: On the hot season of the year, the level of groundwater is minimal. You can with old Dedov's methods (for example, using a vine), or find out all the information about the location of the water reservoir in neighbors having their own wells.

Some restrictions should be taken into account: within a radius of 50 m from the well, cesspools, toilets, compost piles, septics and other sources of pollution should not be located. The well should not be located very close to the house so that the washing of sand does not lead to the foundation shift. Once the place for the well is chosen, you can begin to design water supply.

Water supply project of a country house from a well, drafting a pipeline wiring scheme, selection and installation of pumping equipment, as well as the launch of the water supply system better to trust professionals, since this is a serious matter that requires special knowledge. In the meantime, the project is developing, you can begin to dig a well.

Rules of the device well made of concrete rings

The easiest and most reliable option is a well. Rings will prevent soil collapse, will prevent surface water flowing inside. On a flat pad, the shovel dig up a hole with a diameter of 10-20 centimeters larger than the ring diameter. Copy to a depth of 10 cm less than the height of the ring (it is usually a height of 90-100 cm). We put the first ring into the pit, install at least 3 connecting brackets at its end.

Further on the depth of one ring, I will scare the ground and ship up. Updated down the first ring, install the second in the brackets. It make a hole for a tap pipe. According to the rules, the hole diameter should be larger than the diameter of the pipe 1.5 times.

Well made from special reinforced concrete rings - the most convenient and simple version of providing water of a country private house or cottage

We continue to dig and install new rings until the water starts to arrive intensively. This happens in about the installation of 6-8 rings. The number of spring should be at least three. I deeper down half the meter, pumping the pump arriving water.

After the soil garbage, we close the well mine and leave for a day to find out the water level. Well, if it is more than 1-1.5 m. Pump all the water and put small stones on the bottom, then the crushed stone layer at 30-50 cm, which will play the role of the filter. The slots between the concrete rings close in cement-sandy solution. The well should be filled with 1.5 rings.

Features of connecting pump equipment

Water supply from the well implies the production of water from it using a pumping station, and its subsequent distribution throughout the house. Pumping equipment is conveniently placed in the house, and even better in the utility room. The temperature in it in winter should not be below +2 degrees.

The pumping station can be positioned in the utility room, but with the condition that in the winter the temperature in it does not fall below +2 degrees with

Read also the article on how to make a plumbing in a private house :.

From the well to the house to the house, the trench of the depth is below the level of the fruit of the soil, put on the bottom of the pipe.

From the well to the house there is a trench on the depth below the level of the fruit of the soil, the pipe is placed on the bottom

Pipes are out different materials - Of the steel, metalplastic, copper, etc. It is necessary to choose on the necessary characteristics and, of course, in accordance with the budget. Metal-plastic pipes are convenient what bends. We remove the pipe through the hole in the well ring and, bending it, omit in the water, not reaching 30-40 cm to the bottom of the well. Inside it insert a mesh filter.

The pipe is displayed through the hole in the concrete ring, bend and lowered into the water, not reaching 30-40 cm to the bottom of the well

Pump all the water again, drive the pin in the bottom of the well, to which we attach the pipe. Now we can close the hole in the pipe for the pipe with cement mortar. Trench drunk and make a clay castle around 40 centimeters with a thickness of 50 centimeters with a radius of 150 cm. This measure is needed to eliminate the hitting of the soil and rainwater.

The clay castle is arranged in order to prevent ingress of the soil and rainwater

To competently choose pump station, you need to know what characteristics from our well. Conventional pumps raise water from a depth of 9 meters to 40 meters. But if the well is removed from the house, it is better to buy a self-priming centrifugal pump equipped with an external ejector - it raises water from a well to 45 meters deep.

Selection and installation of pumping equipment, its connection, as well as the launch of the water supply system better to trust the specialists to prevent errors

Before entering the pump, install the check valve and filter rough Cleaning water and filter thin cleaning - After the pumping station. We connect the pressure gauge, then the pressure relay and all other appliances. We make an inner wiring to water consumption points - bath, sinks, toilet, washing machine. At the end we connect the pumping station to the control panel.

You will also use material about the device and the principle of operation of the hydroaccumulator:

That's all: a little labor, patience and material costs, as well as a huge desire, and the water supply of cottages or a private country house from the well-dyed well provided for many years ahead.

To spend work on reducing groundwater pod outsideIt is more convenient to immediately build a well "open" way, when the rings are lowered in the open Schurf rings. If the well is built by the traditional "closed" way, then the rings for work can be wiping 0.5 meters around to provide access to seams between rings outside.
Waterproofing of the seams and the wells themselves(Concrete - a moisture-permeable structure) is performed as follows: the seams are sweeping with a cement waterproofing mixture of the Avkvastop pledonite or its analogues. In the absence of the possibility of buying such a mixture, we use frost-resistant cement glue for the outer work, mixed with a small amount of liquid glass. Tile glue has greater adhesion, frost and plastic compared to the usual cement.
After the seams are dried, an EPDM waterproofing membrane (butyl rubber film) is pasted on top of the seams (butyl rubber film), which is used for waterproofing ponds or pools. In the case of savings, only seams + 20-30 cm up / down are punctured. But it is much better to salary as much as possible. large square All the available surface of the rings. For stickers of the membrane, suppliers have special adhesives for surface treatment, glue and sealants for processing the edges of the membrane.
There is I. more economical option of the outer waterproofing of the well: Placement on the seams and rings of bitumen-polymer waterproofing. This method is somewhat worse, because it does not exclude bitumen in water. For waterproofing of drinking wells, you cannot use bitumen coating tools for waterproofing. If you make waterproofing concrete rings for the septica, you can use bitumen waterproofing materials freely.
An even simpler and cheapest method of outer waterproofing of a concrete well (but also less reliable): Wrap the well of two and three layers of P / E films, which can be consolidated with a plumbing (gray reinforced) tape or adhesive pistol.

Outdoor drainage well It will reduce the submarine of groundwater and reduce the degree of frosty powder of the soil. With such a scheme, it is satisfied with the sprinkle of the knee rings "the sleeve" from the sand layer 30-50 cm. Such a drainage layer will divert water from the walls of the well and significantly reduce the frosty powder (less water in the ground - less expansion during freezing). The need for traditional clay castle and concrete break around the well with such a scheme of waterproofing, insulation and drainage is not. The insulation laid in the ground, covered with a film, the edges of which are glued with an adhesive gun to the concrete ring, plays the role of an underground soft challenge, reducing the sediment aside from the wellblock.

Mobility of the knee rings relative to each other Provided by a mechanical connection of the rings among themselves according to the following scheme: from the inside the ring is drilled by a perforator to ½ - ¾ of the thickness of the ring, a nylon dowel and plumbing studs are inserted. Two adjacent studs are connected using an overlap steel painted galvanized plate with holes, and fastened with nuts. You can mount the plate with bolts. Some are just clogged into the holes steel brackets. The fastening of the rings is done, by itself, after performing seams sealing.

The scheme of combating sand drift into the well.

Most often, when digging wells are found false floats: layers of small aquifers. It is often the water for the well often and get water. True floating contains not only sand, but also small clay particles, and other colloidal particles. True floating badly gives water.
False aquifer is capable of quickly connecting a certain height of the well ring at the opening of the aquifer when digging the well. The massive supply of sand stops only when the pressure in the floating is balanced with atmospheric pressure. But such an equilibrium does not mean that the well will not gradually be compared and further. Drinking from false floating keys carry with fine sandstops of sand. And over time, you will find several fair sandy "Vulcans" at the bottom of the well.
To combat false (aquifer) floating (the flow of sand through the bottom of the well) is a bottom filter. It should be noted that the device of the bottom filter in the well is not on a false float without the need can reduce water flow In the Well: Colloidal particles of true floating or clay soil quickly score a bottom filter.

A diagram of a bottom filter for a well.

A well-permeable geotextile or Dornith is placed on the bottom of the well (like a flieslinic lining). It is impossible to use geotextiles similar to black isesan. Such geotextiles misses water well.
The edges of geotextiles wrapped on the walls of the well. Geotextile presses the bottom of the well with a lattice of Ospen or larch boards. There are several large stones on a wooden grille, and a layer of rubble is 10-20 cm. For additional water purification and improving its quality, one more layer of geotextiles can be paved over granite rubble And fall asleep fine shungite or silicon crushed stone. Free edges of geotextiles with such a scheme are attached in a circle inside the well ring with a steel galvanized mounting ribbon on a dowel and self-tapping screw. Self-tape for mounting the mounting tape, which will be under water, it is better to use galvanized or brass.

Comfortable dwelling is unthinkable without the presence of constant water supply. It is not rare, it is impossible to connect to the central highway, therefore it is necessary to solve the problem of autonomous water supply. The widespread option is the water supply of a private house from the well.

Water supply from the well. Pros and cons

Water can be reached using a bucket

Well drilling is a popular solution to the issue of supplying water of private houses, but the use of well water is preferable in many cases. For example, in unforeseen circumstances, water can be removed without much difficulty using a bucket.

The cost of the works of digging the well is much cheaper than the production of drilling work. At the same time, for the organization of the well, special skills and specific knowledge are required, such work can be done on their own.

If the well is constructed correctly, it is able to supply high-quality water for many years absolutely free.

In addition, permits from relevant state organizations are not required.

It should be understood that the water fence in the well occurs from the close soil horizons, if compared with the well. In this regard, there is the likelihood of an increased content of impurities in water from the well. To increase its quality, it is desirable to expose filtering. In addition, the well is required to clean annually.

Water supply schemes from the well: a variety of choice

Water selection from the well is carried out in the following schemes:

• The pumping station is installed in the house.
• Used submersible pump.

When organizing water supply according to the scheme, which includes a pumping station, a hydroaccumulator must have and the control system. The positive side of the implementation of such a scheme is the placement of equipment in the immediate vicinity of the supply line of electricity.

Variants of pumping stations

To the comparative advantages of the supply device with water using submersible pump relate:

• it is possible to deliver water from considerable depths when using less powerful devices;
• the noise level is reduced in the houses of the house, since its source is removed beyond its limits;
• the operating conditions of the pump immersed in water are better due to the presence of constant cooling, which causes the possibility of its work in more difficult conditions;
• when applying screw models, the best efficiency is achieved and the risk of stops during clogging is reduced;
• much less cost, even taking into account the acquisition of additional equipment and instruments.

Submersible pump can be installed:

• vertically. At the same time, the distance between the bottom of the well and the lower part of the well should be 500 mm;
• horizontally or at an angle. It is allowed at a low water level or its insignificant arrival. In this case, the water intake hole should be located at a distance of 150 mm from the bottom of the well.

Digging the well

For the device well with concrete rings, it is necessary to prepare a construction site. To this end, it is smoothed and outlined the circle, which should have a radius by 100-200 mm more than the sizes of the rings.
The shovel occurs the garment of the soil, as a result of which the cylindrical pit is obtained. Its digging is stopped at the moment when when installing the ring it will perform 100 mm. As a rule, such rings have a height of 900 mm, in some cases - 1000 mm.

Next, they make the installation of a reinforced concrete ring. To the pit, the ring is delivered in a vertical position. Then it is turned over and immersed in the pocket cavity. At the end, at least three connecting brackets are mounted.

After that, the digging process continues until the depth reaches the corresponding ring height. The seized ground in tanks rises to the surface. Then the first ring is lowered with the installation of the following brackets. At the same time, we must not forget that for the organization of autonomous water supply it is necessary to open the hole in the second ring. Its diameter must exceed 1.5 times the diameter of the water pipeline.

Setting the rings

Next, the digita follows the installation of the rings continues until the moment of intensive water flow into the well. Practice shows that this moment occurs when installing 6-8 rings. At this stage, water pumping and removing wash sand produce. Then increase the depth of the well at 400-500 mm when the pump is running.

Upon completion of the soil recess, the resulting mine is left for a time (as a rule, per day) to fill with water. After the expiration rate estimates the number of arriving water. A good indicator is an increase in its level by 1000-1500 mm. Next, water pumping.

For the organization of the filter to the bottom of the mine, the well is placed by small stones that cover the layer of rubble about 300-500 mm.

After that with cement mortar All the gaps that are between rings are carefully close. Such an event will exclude the penetration of the rigor into the well. With the right execution of work, the filling of the well will be within the size of the one and a half rings.

How to pave a water pipe from the well to the house for ease of use

Somewhat easier to hold mounting work When using a submersible pump, but repairing equipment repair is more convenient if the pumping station is installed. Regardless of the water supply scheme, a certain place in the house or in a separate room for placing the electrical panel, a hydroaccumulator and a plumbing unit is required.

Immersion pump

Installation of autonomous water supply starts with immersion of the pump to the well using a steel cable with a braid of polymers. The device must be at a distance of at least one meter from the bottom of the well. It is categorically not allowed to fasten the pump on the cable, which brings electricity. The feed wire is supplied in the ground or by air.

On the suction hole, it is recommended to install a filter, and the outlet connects with the pipe. The plumbing pipe cools the tank or hydroaccumulator. At the entrance before this container, a slash filter and check valve are desirable. At the outlet of it, the filter is mounted, after which the inner water supply and shock fittings are conducted.

To the pumping station from the well, it is necessary to pull out the trench, the depth of which will not allow the water to freeze. The trench is stacked and, if necessary, an electrical cable. When choosing a pipe material, it should be understood that it will work in an aggressive environment, so the metal will not be the best option.

Digging trench

The use of pipes from metal plastic is the optimal choiceSince they are high-tech and practical. Through the previously prepared hole in the ring, the pipe rolls into the well and lowered almost to the bottom. To prevent clogging at the end, the filter is inserted.

Trench closed

After that, the trench is buried, and around the well make a clay castle.

The laying of the water supply can be carried out through the foundation and underground or on the surface through the wall. In any case, the insulation of pipes must be organized.

Plumbing highways are performed at some angle to be able to remove water from the system. The gasket is carried out from the lower level up, while gradually branched and acquiring the tree structure. The communications device should be such that the possibility of removing water from pipes and water consuming devices.

Layout water pipes Must ensure the minimum distance to all water consumer instruments.

How to connect to the well Pumping station: Details

Prior to starting equipment, it is required to organize a base that can be wooden, brick or concrete. To reduce vibrations, they create a rubber pillow. Fastening the base is better to produce anchors, which will increase the stability of the design.

Option design of the well

After that, the pipe leading from the well is connected to the station. This requires a crane-American, coupling with a desired diameter, a corner having an outer thread and check valve. Through the coupling the pipe is connected, and the crane is using a threaded connection.

At the output of the station, the details are assembled as follows: the yield is connected to the crane, in which the polypropylene coupling is installed, the pipeline pipe is fixed by the spike in it. It is important to ensure the tightness of all joints with seals from flax, special tape or pasta.

After installing the elements of the station to the water intake and water supply, the system performance is needed. Before starting to the device, it is necessary to fill with water through the bay hole. At the same time, all parts of the system should be filled with water: hydroaccumulator, pump and highway.

By completing all the preparatory activities, the crane is discovered and the electricity connection is made, which will lead to the pump and the circulation of water will begin. On the initial stage The station will displace air residues along with water. Gradually there will be pressure in the system to grow to a specified level and, when achieving it, the station will automatically turn off.

Illustrates the process of organizing water supply from well video

Accommodation in the countryside without a centralized water supply should not mean the absence of comfort. Having certain knowledge and a great desire to create elementary amenities for your family, you can not get worse than in an urban apartment.

And even much better - the flow of water into the house from the well is not interrupted by the whims of utilities, and its quality is incomparably with the quality of water from the city water pipeline. There is nothing particularly difficult in the autonomous water supply device, any man can cope with it, who knows how to keep not only the pen and telephone in his hands.

What you need to know about well water supply

Having decided to spend water into the house, first of all you need to think about its source. They can be the nearest reservoir, well or well.

Well - very optimal option: Does not require such a serious cleaning, like from an open source, and its arrangement will cost cheaper than the drilling of the well.

Principles of arrangement of the well

Consider the most time-consuming option of the water supply device when the well on the site is not yet, and the work has to be started from scratch.

Council. Many rural residents know well how to find water at the cottage for the well. But observations of fog, animals and insects, as well as others folk remedies Search, often turn out to be untenable, as they indicate the presence of an unsuitable ridder to drink. To find a clean and powerful aquifer, it is better to resort to trial drilling.

When choosing a place for a well, you must remember the following rules:

• It should be located at a distance of at least 30-50 meters from, cesspool, dumps and other objects that are the source of groundwater pollution;
• The distance to the foundation of the house should be at least 5 meters. At the same time, it is desirable not to do it too far to minimize the cost of laying pipes and an electrical cable;

• Access to the well must be free at any time of the year.

The hydrotechnical structure itself can be made of any materials - reinforced concrete rings, stone or brick masonry, ready-made plastic products. The main thing is that water in it is reliably protected from the flow of surface water and soil collaps.

Detailed construction instructions and given in another article, we will not stop here on this.

Power supply and equipment

Automatic water supply from the well to the house is carried out using a pump - submersible or superficial, depending on the selected water supply scheme. It pumps water from the source and serves it into the distribution pipeline.

For his work, it is necessary to develop a power supply scheme from the well, which in the absence of special knowledge it is better to trust professionals.

But you can choose a pump yourself, given the following data:

• Power aggregate. It should be sufficient for water pressure throughout the pipeline maintained in the area of \u200b\u200bthe atmosphere;
• Pump performance Must exceed the maximum possible water consumption by 20-30%;

Note! Performance must be linked to the debit of the well. If it is not able to provide the required amount of water per unit of time, the air can enter the unit, which will lead to its breakdown. In this case, the accumulative container in the house where water is pumped during periods of lack of water consumption.

• Water lifting height and pipeline length. In the characteristics of the pump, the height of the water column is always indicated on which it is designed.
  But for pumping pipes, additional pressure is required - approximately 1 meter of water column for every 10 meters of the pipeline.

If the water level in the well is high, and its creep is good and stable, you can purchase a surface pump, the price of which is usually quite acceptable. For deep wells, located far enough away from home, it is better to acquire powerful submersible units.

In addition, before choosing the equipment, it is necessary to determine the water quality, the presence of mechanical impurities in it to know in what conditions the pump will have to work, and choose the unit with the corresponding characteristics. A chemical water analysis will show whether the installation of the filter, softening and other cleaning equipment on the water supply system is required.

Advantages of well water supply

There is no doubt that autonomous water supply from the well has a lot of advantages. You will not depend on the whims of municipal services, while at the same time at its disposal an unlimited amount of high-quality water, not poisoned by chemical reagents.

The advantages of such a system also include:

• Easy mounting - to build a well and spend water from it to the house with your own hands, without resorting to third-party help and not receiving any permissive documents;
• Minimum financial costs - digging and arrangement of the well will not require large material costs. They, of course, are needed to buy pipes, pump and other equipment, but the provision of water over the years will be free;
• Access to water under any circumstances - Even if the electricity is turned off, the water from the well can always be mined manually.

Installation of the system

When the well is built, the equipment and materials are purchased, and the power supply scheme is selected, it is possible to start directly to the installation of the entire water supply system. Start best with a wiring inside the house, combining all watershed points into a single network and withdrawing the overall highway in the direction, a basement or other room in which the equipment will be placed.

Laying pipelines

In order for water supply from the well to the house in winter and summer, the pipes must be laid under the ground below the level of the primer of the soil. For summer water supply, they can not be very shuffled or laid at the surface.

Consider a more complex first option. To implement it from the point of entry into the house to the well, a trench is reaping, on the bottom of which the connected pipes are stacked. It is better to use plastic or metal-plastic products that are not subject to corrosion and more durable.

Council. If you put in the same trench warming cable, the depth of the embedding can be reduced by reducing the labor costs.

One end of the pipe is cooked into the house, the second through the hole in the wall of the mines is removed into the well, after which it should be thorough sealing of the inlet.

The pipe in the well when using the surface pumping system is lowered deep into water so that no more than half a meter remains to the bottom. Its end is closed with a mesh filter, which prevents from entering the system of coarse impurities.

Equipment installation

When using the submersible pump, it is lowered to the same depth - 35-50 cm from the bottom of the well, also protecting the suction pipe with a mesh filter. It is fixed using a solid cable.

If the water supply system from the well is carried out using surface pumpAnd because of the high level of noise you do not want to put it in the house, it is placed in a specially equipped caisson or another closed room, in which the air temperature is always supported above +2 degrees.

Next, the system is collected in the following order:

• After the pump on the pipe, the check valve is installed, necessary to prevent drain of water from the system back to the well.

Council. If the water contains mechanical impurities skipped by a mesh filter, it is desirable to additionally install a coarse filter in front of the check valve.

• Next (already in the utility room), a full-fledged water purification system recommended by experts conducted by its analysis is mounted. If there is no need for such a system, the pipe is simply placed on the pipe.

• To maintain in a constant pressure system, it is recommended to install a hydroaccumulator - an intermediate water container equipped with a float switch that turns off the pump when the specified level is reached.
• After the hydroaccumulator, the pressure switch and pressure gauge are mounted, after which the distribution node is connected to the power grid.

It remains only to connect it with the domestic wiring, and the system can be used. If you need cold hot water At the cottage from the well, it is easy to implement, including in the system electric water heaterAs shown in the diagram.

Conclusion

As you can see, the only difficulty in the process of autonomous water supply device may occur when the equipment is selected and the development of the power supply scheme. If you are not strong in this matter, see the educational video in this article, contact your experts or use ready solutionsBy adapting them to their conditions.

Otherwise, everything is simple and quite understandable. In any case, for their own comfort, it is possible to spend a little time to deal with more in this matter.