Wood-polymer composite materials (DPK) intended for processing by extrusion by the method of extrusion consist of three main components:

• ground wood particles
• synthetic or organic thermoplastic polymers or mixtures thereof,
• a set of special chemical additives (modifiers), which improve technological and other properties of the composition and product obtained, often referred to as additives.

From traditional wood-filled plastics (DNP), composite materials are distinguished by high (more than 50 percent) of wood content by weight in the composition of the overall composition and its effect on the properties of the finished product. In the DNP of the wood filler, there are not many properties of such plastic, mainly the properties of the polymer. And when the wood becomes more, the properties of the composite are determined already:

• properties of the matrix,
• properties of wood particles,
• the nature of the ties between the wood particles and the matrix,
• the structure of the resulting composite.

The figures below show three schematic structures of the filled material:

Calabo-filled plastic, medium-filled composite and high-filled composite.

The content of wood as part of wood polymer composite Based on thermoplastic resins, it may vary widely. Most American manufacturers work with the compositions containing 50 - 70% of wood. European Extrusion Extrusion Developers are striving to obtain compositions containing higher wood filling - up to 80% or more.

Wood is grinding on special milling plants of various types and turns into wood flour or wood fiber. Currently, wood flour is most widely used for the manufacture of DPK. Wood flour production has long been mastered by the domestic industry. It is used as a filler of plastics, raw materials for explosives, for microbioprom, etc.). Along with specially crushed wood, solid sawdust and grinding dust can be included in the DPT.

Perspective is to use in the DPT and wood fibers by type used in the production of fiberboard, MDF and paper. Wood fibers are obtained by defibration, i.e. Wood cleavage to fibers. In some cases, use ready-made fiber from cardboard and paper waste (waste paper). For example, the Chinese company has experience in industrial utilization in the manufacture of paper dairy packages, containing simultaneously polyethylene, paper and even aluminum foil.

Fig.1. Fuel granules

Finnish specialists have been tested the possibility of using standard wood fuel granules as raw materials (on CONEX type extruder).

Granules easier to transport and store than flour

The appearance of fuel granules, see Figure 1.

Wood flour (Eng. Wood Flour, Wood Meal, Holzmehl) - It is manufactured mainly of soft, non-resinous, wood breeds, such as pines. Almost the use of solid hardwood, only they are somewhat more complicated to grind them. In our country, the flour is produced according to GOST 16361-87 "Woody flour. Technical conditions".

Abroad is successfully manufactured by wood flour for use in thermoplastic DPDs from the shells of plant grains (rice husk, nut shell). American Heartland Biocomposites LLC recently mastered the use of wheat straw as raw materials.

In most cases, the size of wood particles in the composite is ranging from 500 to 50 microns. Particles of wood flour can take a variety of forms. The ratio of flour particles to their widths is in the range of 1: 1 to 4: 1.

In the millstones during grinding, the release of the desired flour fraction is carried out using the system of the SIT or centrifugal methods. Abroad, it is customary to designate the flour fraction with the number of Mesh. According to the Russian standard, the division of wood flour is carried out in several brands.

Wood fiber (Wood Fiber) The length depends on the wood breed: in hardwood, 1 - 1, 5 mm, at coniferous 3 - 3, 5 mm. The ratio of length to the thickness of the wood fiber is from 1: 10 to 1: 20.

Wood is traditionally used in the mechanical processing of metals as a grinding and polishing material, as it has noticeable abrasive properties. These properties are preserved in wood flour. However, wood abrasion is lower than in fiberglass and some other mineral fillers used in the production of filled plastics and composites. Therefore, it is considered a relatively "soft" filler.

The speed of the abrasive wear of the equipment is proportional to the pressure in the extruder cylinder (and the filler), temperature and speed of the working mixture relative to the surface of the working bodies and naturally depends on the composition of the working mixture (the ratio of the number of flour and resin, the type of resin, species and the number of lubricants and others. Factors ). Depending on the resistance of workers cylinders and screws extruders can be operated 1-2 years before replacement or repair.

The bulk density of wood flour and fibers can vary within 100 - 300 kg / m3. The moisture of flour in delivery is desirable to have no more than 8%. In the finished composite, the moisture of wood particles should, as a rule, less than 1%. The smaller the moisture in the structure of the material, the more it is resistant to external influences.

There are various and sometimes conflicting opinions regarding the use of various wood species and particle sizes.

We note obvious things:

• the studies studied the effect of particle sizes on the mechanical properties of composites, but it is not very large;
• the muffle of small (dust) and too large particles worsen the strength of the composite, but it is not always critical for the finished product;
• large particles reduce the performance of the preparatory equipment due to their small bulk density;
• at the density of the composite approaching 1.4 g / cc. CM, i.e. To the true density of the wood, the breed of wood no longer has a fundamental importance.

A composite made of large particles will have a more grainy surface, a similar surface of a chipboard and this may require grinding, applying thickened cladding and (or) surface finishes. For example, from the experience of the furniture industry, the grain of profiles made by milling from a chipboard is not always possible to be hidden when lining with expensive decorative films based on paper-soaked paper with a total weight of up to 130 g per 1 sq. Meter. And for facing profiles from MDF, which has a shallow uniform structure, cheaper decorative films weigh less than 80 g can be successfully used per 1 sq.m. In addition, large particles of wood, especially those near the surface of the product are more exposed to moisture and damage under the influence of adverse environmental factors.

Very small dust particles (less than 50 microns) have a large specific surface area and, by virtue of this, require the use of more resin to form a full-fledged polymer matrix.

Note. Currently, research is carried out on the use of microcellulose in composite materials. But it will rather be another class of materials, so-called. nanocomposites.

Final transformation of the working mixture in composite material It happens gradually on the extruder zones and in the movie. The polymer should cover the entire surface of the particle particle, to be embedded in its pores and thereby ensure dense molecular interaction between wood and polymer. This significantly distinguishes the process of extrusion of the DPK from the extrusion process of ordinary plastics, because Wood is poorly wetting the polymer melt. Intensify the wetting process by increasing the temperature in the extruder, it is difficult due to the risk of thermal destruction of wood, polymer and fire combustion (at a temperature of more than 200 degrees. C).

Therefore, in terms of the quality of the products received and the productivity of the process, the technological level of the equipment used and the composition of the mixture formulation is very important (the quality of the base resin, the view and the amount of additives introduced into the formulation).

Notes:

1. The technological and physical and mechanical properties close to the wood-polymeric composites are composite materials obtained on the basis of other plant fibers, for example: hemp (HEMP), flax (Flax), sisal (SISAL), Kenaf (Kenaf), etc. Fibrous plants.

Vegetable fibers can be introduced into the DPK and simultaneously with wood fibers. The use of non-timber fibers of plant origin is particularly being developed now in the countries of Southeast Asia, in particular in China. For more information about fibers, see a special application and biocomposites library.

2. With the external simplicity of the idea of \u200b\u200bthe production of DPK, the structure of the substance of the wood-polymer composite itself has a very complex structure. No less difficult to describe and chemical, physical and mechanical processes of the production of extrusion DPK. These difficulties are determined by the complexity and heterogeneity of the wood itself.

With great or less successful, any thermoplastic polymers can be used in the production of DPK, but in practice are now used, mostly four types of thermoplastic resins: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and, in smaller quantity, polystyrene (PS). The diagram (Fig. 4.2.) The existing relationships of the use of various resins and fillers and the forecast for the coming years are reflected.

Fig.2. State and forecast of the applicability of basic resins and fillers in the production of composites

Thus, in the first place according to the applicability is polyethylene (high and low densities), then PVC and polypropylene follows. However, polypropylene is considered more promising in Europe. In particular, the German company ADVANCED EXTRUDER TECHNOLOGIES AG (manufacturer of equipment for the Extrusion of DPK) indicates the following optimal ratios Filling the wood composite for various types of basic resins:

• based on PVC - 60%
• based on polyethylene - 70%
• based on polypropylene - 80% or more.

Significant growth is assumed in all types of composites, but since 2003, the use of composite as the basis of the composite, and other (non-wood) vegetable fibers is particularly rapidly increasing.

Along with the resins of the factory manufacturer supplied in the form of a suspension or granules, a number of American companies are used in the production of PCD plastic industrial and household waste (packaging film, bottles, etc.) subjected to washing, drying and grinding.

Experiments and on the use of other industrial thermoplastics in thermoplastic DPK are carried out - ABS plastic, polyamides (caperon, nylon), polycarbonates, polyethylene terptalat, etc. in primary forms and waste.

The estimated ratios of world prices for raw materials (in English pounds per ton, March 2003), used in the production of DPK, is given in Table. 4.1.

This table illustrates the economic being of interest in the problems of the production of wood-polymer composites and objective trends in the development and improvement of their production technology. It should be borne in mind that the current prices for basic resins on the world market are highly dependent on oil prices and are subject to significant fluctuations.

In the production of wood and polymer composites apply next species Additives - modifiers: binding agents, lubricants, antimicrobial additives, antioxidants, foaming agents, pigments, flame retardants, shockproof modifiers, light stabilizers, temperature stabilizers, etc.

These additives are used in extrusion and casting of ordinary filled and unfilled plastic profiles and approximately with the same targets, but the ratio of them in a combination with wood changes somewhat. First of all, this refers to binding agents, lubricant materials, and, if necessary, to shockproof modifiers. Supplements are supplied separately, or in the form of complexes (as multivitamins, everything is in one granule).

Wood, unlike mineral fillers for plastics, has not very high adhesion to basic resins, especially to polyolefin. This can be explained by a very complex form of surfaces of its particles, which makes it difficult to make the process of wetting it with a molten polymer, as well as it chemical composition. This circumstance imposes to the selection of additives and to the design of the extruder increased requirements. The photographs below show 2 samples of the wood-poly mixture (electron microscope, 200-fold increase, the ratio of 60% polypropylene, 40% of wood flour).

On the left photograph clearly visible numerous emptiness polymer. On the right sample, the structure of the material is solid. This is what makes the material - a composite in which the polymer matrix and wood works. Improving the structure is provided with the inclusion in the material of the special binder agent, providing a good connection between wood particles and resin.

Schematically characteristic defects of the structure of the composite are shown in two figures below

On the left scheme in blue, separate emptiness is highlighted with a resin. The right-hand scheme shows the formation of agglomerates compiled from several non-glued wood particles. The presence of such defects, especially on the surface of the products, leads to a decrease in the strength and durability of the material.

Specific formulations of wood-polymeric composites are developed in relation to specified products used by basic resins and technological processes. They are often the production secret of the manufacturer of concrete products or the subject of the license of the technology or equipment supplier.

An important direction in the development of modern extrusion recipes for extrusion DPK are searches in the field of use in their composition of natural, i.e. Biological polymers. A successful achievement in this area was the use of starchy substances, such as corn flour (materials like Fasal - Fasalex). Studies on the use of lignin (cellulose waste), leather and meat and dairy industries, etc. are being actively held. There are information on research of Russian specialists about the possibility of using coniferous resin - zhivitsa as one of the components of extrusion DPK.

The appearance of wood-polymer composites.

In the natural form of the DPK with a high content of wood, MDF resembles MDF and or solid DVP, see Fig.3. It can be painted in mass or exposed to paint finishes by conventional paints and enamels, or veneered with synthetic films or natural veneer. To the touch composite warm, sometimes slightly oily.

Fig.3. Cuts DPK profiles

There is a technology for coating a DPK with a thin facing layer of plastic, or even several plastics directly during its extrusion in the extruder. This technology is widespread in the plastic industry called co-extrusion or co-extrusion.

However, if in the manufacture of a compound, wood particles of large fractions were used, the surface of the product will be closer in appearance to the surface chipboard. Such profiles are available, for example, by the Dutch company Tech-Wood.

Thermoplastic DPKs have a weak smell of wood (sawdust).

Physical and mechanical properties of composites

The density of extrusion composites may be within 1000 - 1400 kg / m3. The density of products can be reduced using special foaming agents up to 700-900 kg / m3, but only a polymer matrix can be interference.

Notes:

1. The density of the composite depends on the density of the used base resin and the additives applied and the amounts of wood and the density of the wood particles. In the course of compounding and extrusion, under the influence of high pressure and heat meter, wood particles are compacted, - up to a value of 1400 kg / m3, i.e. Achievements of the true density of wood free from pores and other voids.
2. The true density of the wood is practically independent of its breed.
3. We study issues of use in the PCP hollow microfillers (plastic and glass microspheres).

The strength properties of the DPK are largely dependent on the type of base resin, see Table. 2.

However, the control of the composition of the composite and the technological process can be largely improved its strength and other properties.

Consider the properties of the DPK using the example of three specific modifications under the brand name "FASAL" developed using the Austral Research and Development GmbH as a basic resin of the Austrian company "FASALEX", Austria, see Table. 3.

Table 3. Properties of the DPK.

Properties	Dimension	FASAL F134.	FASAL F 386.	FASAL F 465
Density	kg / dm 3	1,4	1,35	1,2
Strength tensile (temporary resistance)	MPa	25	17	23
Module of elasticity when tensile (mod. Jung)	GPa	8	4	5,1
Bending resistance	MPa	41	30	52
Bending elastic module	GPa	5,8	3,8	5
Relative extension when tensile	%	0,5	0,6	1
Sharpy's shock viscosity	KJ / M2.	3,2	3,3	4
The term of biological decomposition	weeks	months	independent
Reducing the resistance of bending in water at 23 deg.c:
- After 30 minutes. Exposure	%	65	14	0
- After 120 minutes. Exposure	%	90	35	0

In the composition offered by Strandex, USA, polyethylene and waste is used as a base resin. Solid and soft wood species are considered acceptable, as well as other cellulose fibers, such as straw, flax, rice husk, peanut husk, bamboo, Kenaf, etc. Particle size 425 microns (40 mesh) and less. A large content of smaller particles is allowed (200 mesh and smaller), including grinding dust. The composite density is 0.98 - 1, 2 kg / dm3. Composite and technology are patented and sold under a license along with the die. The cost of one filler is more than 20,000 US dollars, the cost of the license (according to some data) is more than 1 million dollars.

However, there is a serious problem in the use of waste removal and MDF. It is associated with the sublimation of vapor formaldehyde from phenolic resins, which are contained in these plates.

Note. Although the strength of thermoplastic DPK during tests is at the level of natural wood materialsTheir real operational strength in many cases is essentially higher, because Products made of DPK do not have natural defects inherent in wood (bitch, cracks, switches, etc.), do not change its strength with increasing humidity and are not amazed by fungi and bacteria.

At the beginning of the development of DPK production, technologists tried to ensure maximum bioscistance products. And this task was solved. In particular, a number of DPK manufacturers provide warranties for 10, 25 and 50 years of operation of finished products on the street, i.e. The highest resistance to moisture, light, fungi and insects without special protection. Most of the DPK produced can take into themselves a small amount (0.1 - 4%) moisture without losing the shape and strength and restore the previous properties during drying.

The new direction in the production of DPK is the creation of recipes of easily utilized biodegradable DPK with reduced biostability. They are offered, for example, Fasalex, - as environmentally friendly throughout vitality cycle (The above compositions FASAL F 134 and F 386).

It should be noted that in spite of the already solid production experience and numerous studies already conducted, in the field of wood-polymer compositions there is still a huge number of unexplored areas. On the one hand, this is due to the infinite possibilities of the chemistry of polymers, and on the other, it is explained by the youth of the most new industry.

Capacity for processing

Products from DPK are processed by the same tools as wood. DPK is easily saw, they are plane, drilled, polished, etc. Very well holds nails, brackets, screws, see fig. four.

Many composite formulations are gone. Some recipes can be welded, like plastic. The practice of bending products of profile products has already been mastered after heating, like plastic profiles, etc.

Fig.4. Treatment of wood-polymer composites

The DPK is not very easily flammable, especially - if they are based on a polyvinyl chloride resin.

An interesting direction in the use of extrusion DPK is the joint use of the DPK of the profile and metal rolled products. In this case, steel tube, strip, and the like inserted into the profile cavity. The metal takes on a fully or partially power load, and the profile performs decorative, protective and other functions.

While there is no adopted standardized classification of thermoplastic DPK.

It is no secret that natural wood has a fairly limited service life and is very exposed to all sorts of aggressive natural factors. This is exactly what the desire of people is explained to find a substitute for wood, similar to properties, but superior it in quality. The result of one of the attempts to create artificial wood was the so-called "Liquid Tree", which will be discussed in this article, in which, along with the site, we will study all its advantages and disadvantages in detail, we will deal with properties and determine the area of \u200b\u200bapplication of this material.

What is a wood polymer composite

Wood-polymer composite: what it is and for what is needed

DPK or, as elsewhere called this material, "Liquid Tree" is the latest development of the chemical industry, which combines all the best quality wood and polymers. If we understand with the composition of this material, it contains wood, grinding into dust and natural or artificial polymer, which is a binding element.

In some cases, chemical additives, which improve these or other properties of this material are included in the tree of the polymer composite. If we deal with the composition in more detail, then the wood component in " liquid trees"Contacts up to 80% - this material is, in essence, is made of waste of the wood processing industry. Everything goes into the course - and sawdust, and knots, and non-thendition.

Terraced board from the historian photo

The most interesting thing in this material is that in processing it is completely identical to natural wood - it is sawing, plasted, grind, holes in it are drilled, they are clogged with nails, screw the screws and they can even chop the ax. In general, according to its basic qualities, the ancillast approaches the tree, though with some reservations, expressing in the advantages that composite materials give it.

Arbor from the Polymer Composite Photo

As for the field of applying wood polymer composite, it is used instead of a tree in almost all areas where it is applied. List the entire scope of use of this material is not the meaning, as it is quite extensive. As for construction, high-quality floors are made of it and are used as a material for plating walls.

In addition, along with the already finished products (boards, rails and other products), the "Liquid Tree" paint is also made from this material, which not only imitates the wood structure, but also makes any surface inaccessible to exposure to external factors.

Boards from the Polymer Composite Tree Photo

Advantages and disadvantages of wood-polymer composite

Let us go right away to the case immediately, and we will analyze all the advantages that we get when using ancientistry. They are not so little:

• First, moisture resistance, which is several times the same indicator in natural wood.
• Second, strength and wear resistance. The surface of the wood-polymer composite is not what is not erased, it does not even leave any traces of thin female heels with metal knobs. In addition, the DPK is a non-slip material, unlike the lacquered board.

Application sphere Woodoplasty: Terraced board

• Thirdly, it is the stability of temperature drops. Manufacturers claim that the liquid tree can withstand the temperature from -50 ° C to + 180 ° C - it is not necessary to test, it is better to believe them for word. In addition, the polymer components, which are part of the anodol, are perfectly opposed to fungus, mold and are not food or housing for countless insects.
• Fourth, the ease of installation, which is practically no different from working with wood.
• Fifth, unpretentious care. Unlike natural wood, DPK does not require periodic painting or varnishing and even more so does not need to be squared and grinding.
• Sixth, durability. If, again, talking about floor coverings from this material, then according to the assertions of the manufacturers, the high-quality wood-polymer composite is capable of listening, without losing its original view, for half a century. As a rule, the floor of natural wood after 3-5 years requires re-painting and minor repairs.

In general, it seems that the ideal material that has no shortcomings is found for humanity. In addition to one - value, which, as a rule, does not fall below $ 80 per one square meter. Although, if you compare it with wood and take into account all the above advantages, it is not very expensive.

Practical coating "under the tree" from the woods of the polymer composite photo

How to make a liquid tree with your own hands: features technology

Another important advantage of the wood-polymer composite is that it is enough to make it enough at home. Of course, this will not be the material that is produced at the factory, but its most simple analogue makes it quite real. Ask why you need it? Well, at least in order to repair the door of the locker, from which the root broke the canopy. It's just that in the dilapidated chipboard, do not spin self-sufficiency, and the liquid tree is completely able to restore its former strength.

How to make a liquid tree do it yourself photo

It makes a liquid tree with their own hands just enough - everything that will be needed for this, these are sawdust and pva. Yes, yes, almost all the masters are familiar with this material, the work of which, one way or another, is related to the tree. Saws are interrupted into dust using an ordinary coffee grinder and mixed with PVA to obtain a thick paste.

Subsequently, this paste is superimposed on the damaged area of \u200b\u200bwood and after it is frozen (3-4 hours) is inspired by sandpaper. In addition, if it is necessary to give a color to this material, the dye is added to the paste. If you choose the right color, then with the help of such homemade putty, it can easily be eliminated by defects even in or.

How to close the hole in the furniture using a liquid tree

Wood-polymer composite, no matter how approved manufacturers, is not a panacea and completely replace natural wood. In some cases, its qualitative characteristics, of course, will be indispensable, but in others, alas will not help. For example, for the manufacture, this material is suitable for the least.

What is a wood-polymer composite (DPK), and what is its advantages?

Wood-polymer composite (DPK) - modern materialwhich is actively used in construction and finishing works. The DPK material is the optimal alternative to the PVC tree and plastic, since it combines the advantages of the tree and polymer, namely, environmental friendliness, tactile sensations, natural view on the one hand, on the other hand, and resistance to aggressive impacts of the external environment. The service life of the DPK boards reaches 25 years.

What is the difference between the DPK from the fiberboard, chipboard or MDF

DPK materials, chipboard, fiberboard, MDF - a combination of wood and polymer, only wood-polymer composite in composition and production technology differs from the rest. For the manufacture of DPK, the tree is crushed into powder. The percentage of wood flour is 30-80% of the total mass. The remaining components of the DPK is a low-rich and safe polymer (polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride), as well as chemical additives that improve the technological properties of the material (color, strength).

1. The first feature (and the main advantage) of the wood-polymer composite is the possibility of producing the method of extrusion, which has given "inheritance" from the plastic component. What does it mean? This means that, firstly, the material in the preheated state is very plastic and allows you to get products of almost any form and configuration. Secondly, most of the waste generated during the processing of such products is suitable for recycling.
2. The second feature of the DPK is that due to the wood component, it can not only look like a natural tree, but also to have the smell of wood, the intensity of which depends on the rock used for the preparation of flour and the percentage of the material. In other words, with almost the same cost, the board or tile made of wood-polymer composite can simulate both the smell of oak or pine and the scent of Merbau or Kumaru.
3. The third feature is that with the entire visual, tactile and aromatic similarity with the DPK tree, it is absolutely not subject to the usual defeats (rot, mold, bugs, fading, etc.). So it does not need additional processing.

Products made of wood-polymer composite

1. Terraced DPK covers - optimal solution For country terraces, veranda, for restaurants and various outdoor venues. By quality, the material successfully competes with coatings from larch, "Brazilian walnut" and other breeds, while the cost of terraced DPK systems is 30-70% cheaper than natural analogues, and service life is over 20 years. A wide range of terrace systems from Terradek allows you to implement any design solutions.
2. Fences and DPK fences perfectly fit into landscape design. Such products are beautiful, durable and durable, which is especially important for designs installed in the open air. They are even more resistant to atmospheric influences than their analogues of wood or metal. The service life of such products from the wood-polymer composite is 25 years and more.
3. Ventilated facades from wood-polymer composite allow not only to protect outer walls From exposure ambient And give the appearance of the building a more aesthetic appearance, but also have excellent soundproofing and heat-saving properties. Such facades are used for interior decoration of the lower floors of any structures, low-rise office buildings, private houses.

Advantages of Decing DPK.

Are you looking for a terraced coating for many years? Choose a terrace of wood-polymer composite (DPK). The DPK is reliable and practical, will last for many years, without requiring special care, painting and antiseptics. The DPK board is suitable for any design, as it has a pleasant natural tree texture and a rich color palette.

Modern building materials should be not only aesthetic, but also practical, simple in circulation and care, but most importantly - economical. Many enterprises operate in the field of the invention of new materials, directing research mainly on combinations of various substances, and among them you can allocate such a promising novelty as wood-polymer composite (DPK).

DPK is often called Liquid tree , or topoplastic , and lovers to the knowledge of English call him polwood . From these names it is clear that it is a compound of plastic and wood in the molten state, followed by solidification of the final product. Liquid wood is an alternative wood of expensive varieties, and, moreover, has significantly improved operation characteristics compared with any tree or plastic. In the light of modern fashion on environmental materials polymer composite - This is the necessary improvement of materials used for cladding, flooring, manufacturing panels and "boards" and many other construction and finishing materials. The widest use of the wood-polymer composite received in the field of manufacture Terraced boards (Decing).

The most popular use of DPK - Terraced Board or Decing

Properties and characteristics of wood-polymer composite

The DPK consists mainly of wood fibers whose role is successfully carried out by woodworking and plastics, as a binder substrate. As a result, the resulting material combines all beneficial features modern polymers and natural wood.

Wood qualities of liquid wood are manifested in:

• authentic wooden drawing, texture and color;
• similar thermal conductivity;
• characteristic aroma;
• security for the environment and for the consumer.

The polymer part of the DPK gives it such properties as:

• high moisture resistance, because of what you should forget the problem of booting boards;
• strength and wear resistance, thanks to which the DPK products are not afraid of loads, shocks and constant abrasion. Shoes, claws of animals, falling items do not leave on the surface of visible traces. In addition, even being moistened, the terrace board of the DPK does not slide, which is so important when used on the floor, as steps and, naturally, terraces, veranda, open areas and even (garden parquet);
• heat resistance and ability to withstand extreme weather conditions;
• inedistence for insects, fungi, as well as concurrent bacteria;
• ease of processing and installation (an example of the construction of a terrace of DPK);

As a result, a liquid tree is unlike all well-known building materials, at the same time:

• Reliably, durable and beautiful;
• Does not require any care, except for wiping dust. Cyclumin, lacquer treatment, paint coating and other manipulations are whims of a tree, the wood-polymer composite in them simply does not need;
• Economically. Compare DPK with natural wood at a cost simply no sense, and plastic is becoming more expensive over time due to the fact that it requires frequent repairs and replacements. That is, a wood-polymer composite, which will easily serve you a quarter of a century, will survive a few shifts of plastics and wood, because of which its cost in the total account decreases several times.

The variety of products from DPK is truly limitless

Scope of wood-polymer composite

Such undoubted advantages led to the use of DPK in the field of construction and even the internal finishing of cars and yachts, and due to the excellent water resistance, it is used to build structures of frequently injecting water or constantly in it: Basins, Person and Persons, Small bridges, some details Shipbuilding and even sea piles (!).

Garden parquet of DPK is great for paving outdoor sites and terraces, as well as garden tracks.	Modern siding or lining from DPK, successfully replaced vinyl, metallic and cement siding.
Flower beds and DPK flower beds are becoming increasingly popular thanks to durability and ease of installation.	Fences and fences from DPKs are no externally different from wooden, but do not require regular processing and replacing the rotten boards

In a private house-building, a wood-polymer composite becomes material No. 1 when installing various flooring, garages, a dance flooring, a veranda, terraces and fences. In addition to all of the liquid wood, excellent garden structures are obtained: gazebos, terraces, tracks, fences, wickets - and all due to resistance to a wide range of temperatures, ultraviolet sunlight and the influence of living organisms. And what facade cladding can be done with the help of DPK!

Easy, thermo- and moisture-resistant, easy to install and, moreover, an environmentally friendly wood-polymer composite becomes an excellent substitute for Eurovantia and. It also produces excellent window sills and countertops, furniture and doors of any type (both input and).

Most common in the world building materials from DPK - DeconAlso called a terraced board. From Decing create floor coverings In the interiors, also in rooms, where the humidity is often elevated: a bath, a sauna, a bathroom. All the positive qualities of the DPK work when using it for outdoor decoration Constructions: already mentioned balconies, terraces, operated roofs, veranda, piers, marins and decks of ships.

The terrace board is a traditionally profile product with variable configurations. Also manufacturers recommend using a hollow or solid decoing profile for different species The intended load on the coating.

It is also very common with a DPK product called garden parquet. Externally, it looks like a tile coating with segments of about 30 to 30 cm. But the parquet itself is made up of a plastic substrate to which the slats of the wood-polymer composite are attached. Special substrate attachments make it easy and easy to install and collect back the flooring, which causes its use in seasonal buildings, sites or on private suburban areas.

Tiles from DPK - Garden Parquets are able to two layers: substrate base and facial	Garden track paved with DPK tiles - Garden parquet
Tiles of Garden Parquet from DPK great solution For open veranda	Garden parquet tiles from DPK Great option and for open area in the forest

Where did this amazing material come from?

Created a wood-polymer composite (DPK) in Italy. Back in 1974, the ICMA San Giorgio concern received a patent for the authorship of this building material for which Wood-Stock brand was created. Now you can clearly see all the prerequisites for such an idea - after all, the company before it was engaged simultaneously with the traditional woodworking and the manufacture of polymer plastic products. The cost utilization of waste of both industries has become a problem that was economically solved by the association of both directions. But then the new building material was not just a novelty, but standing on the verge of fiction, so he had to deserve consumer confidence for a long time.

DPK production technology requires careful compliance technological process and high quality raw materials. The processes of improvements and improvements of manufacturing technology, and then the material itself dragged up to the eighties. And the remission of the consumer is not a liquid tree not in Italy, but on the largest auto plants in the world. Now practically everyone is dealing with DPK, but it may not even guess about it, because most car salons are made precisely from it - a wood-polymer composite.

Wood-polymer composite - production in production

Composition and manufacture of wood-polymer composite

If we consider the composition of the DPK more, its changes are traced from the beginning of production to modernity, and now approximately: the crushed wooden filler, which gives the main volume of the product, is associated with a polymer of one of three species. The purpose of the finished product determines the choice: polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or classic polyethylene. Plastic with filler binds and turn into a single monolith.

Actively used in the manufacture of liquid wood additives - various additives necessary to give the composure of the necessary operational properties. Their role in the liquid trees are played by the products of the chemical industry:

• kolorals to give color;
• modifiers for strength and hardness;
• lubricants for better moisture resistance and fast extrusion;
• foaming reagents to impart the lightness and smoothness of the surface;
• biocides for maximum resistance to the effects of biological nature factors.

Disadvantages of the Polymer Composite

The disadvantages of the materials made of wood-polymer composite include poor tolerability with constant simultaneous impact of combinations of two negative effects - high humidity and high temperature, which leads to a rapid wear of the Coverage of the DPK.

The appearance of mold with insufficient ventilation of the room with which only specific and expensive additives allow them to fight. Its value compared to the budget tree still remains the main disadvantage.

The nearest natural competitor to the DPK can be a larch or more rare Bankeirai tree (Bangkirai), which is sometimes even twice as cheaper, and properties have almost identical. The difference is manifested only in those places where the use of one material is impossible and it is replaced by another.

Technical and operational characteristics of the wood-polymer composite (DPK) and larch

The larch will manifest itself much better in the bath or sauna (high temperatures in combination with humidity - remember?), But the wood-polymer composite will last much longer last the open sky, as the wooden building materials in the air always need regular additional processing and replacement.

The materials for the floor covering on the terrace, the veranda or pier are improved. On the one hand, they must be moisture and frost-resistant, resistant to abrasion and mechanical damage. On the other hand, beautiful, safe and pleasant to the touch. But even in those materials that comply with these requirements, there are devices.

So, the stone is expensive, it is cold and heavy. The tree is short-lived and requires regular and careful care. Bulk floors under the influence of ultraviolet are yellow. And what can be said about the advantages and minuses of the DPK terrace board? Let's figure it out!

What is Doping DPK?

The terrace board (Döking) of the DPK is made from a wood-polymer composite. It is merged best properties natural wood and polymeric materials. Thanks to the latter, the board is durable, practical, resistant to moisture and frosts and does not require special care. The presence of wood flour DPK (up to 70%) attached beautiful view Wooden coating, pleasant feeling of heat and ecology.

Döking is used on terraces and verandas, tracks and porch, pier and flat roof - Everywhere, where you need to equip the floor outdoors.

The advantages of the DPK terraced board:

1. 1. Moisture resistance

1. 2. Resistance to moisture and temperature fluctuations

With significant fluctuations in humidity and temperature, natural wood dries and cracks. The terraced board of DPK is deprived of this shortage. It does not absorb moisture, therefore, even with sharp drops of temperatures, it does not lose its original appearance.

1. 3. Frost resistance

Doping DPK is resistant to low temperatures and can be used even in the northern regions of the country.

1. 4. High mechanical strength

Children playing on the terrace, standing and moving heavy furniture, girls walk on heels. All this will not affect appearance Outdoor coating.

1. 5. Resistance to mold, fungi and pests

Thanks to the polymer component, the terrace board is not infected with mold and fungi, and also does not attract pests.

1. 6. Resistance to aggressive environment

Increased content in the air of salts (in seaside regions) or aggressive substances (if large-scale production is located nearby), strong winds and other environmental factors do not affect the characteristics and service life of the DPK terrace board.

1. 7. Non-slip surface

Thanks to the corrugated surface "Antislip", Döking remains non-slip even after rain or washing. In addition, the wood-polymer composite does not absorb moisture, so in winter during periods of thaw and frosts, it does not appear on it.

1. 8. Safe surface

On the terrace board it is very pleasant to walk barefoot. The corrugated surface creates a light massage effect. In addition, the chips and hooks are not formed on its surface. Therefore, such a coating is completely safe, including for games of small children.

1. 9. Sustainable color

High-quality DPK terrace board (for example, "from" Alta Profile ") does not fade in the sun and retains saturated color for many years.

1. 10. Simple care

Wash the DPK terraced board using household detergents (non-requesting) or running water. Dyuking does not need a protective coating, in contrast to wood products.

1. 11. Providing drainage

The board is installed with small gaps for removing water and ensuring high-quality drainage. So, there will be no puddle on the terrace.

1. 12. Durability

With proper installation and operation, the service life of a terrace board of DPK is up to 50 years and more.

1. 13. Attractive appearance

The color and texture of Dyuking from the DPK is almost indistinguishable from natural wood. Such a coating looks respectable throughout the service life.

Disadvantages of terrace board DPK

The terrace board of wood-composite polymer is not devoid of several flaws.

1. 1. Availability of non-carrying components

Depending on the manufacturer in the terraced DPK board from 50 to 80% of polymers. They are entered to improve the operational characteristics of the coating. However, fans of natural materials often prefer a wood board (for example, larch). At the same time, they are ready to spend annually time and money on care and protection of flooring, as well as update it twice as much. As an argument in defense of the DPK, it can be said that Dyuking passes all the necessary testing and has a certificate of environmental safety. Little children can play without fear.

1. 2. Cost

At first glance, it may seem that the presence of polymers should reduce the cost of products. But it is not so. High-quality raw materials and additives are expensive. For example, in the absence of special additives, Doping will burn out in the sun. Therefore, its initial cost is comparable to a terraced natural wood board. But after all, Doping DPK is more economical - because it does not require costs for protective varnishes and coatings, and will last, on average, twice as long.

Terraced board "Alta-Profile"

The pluses and disadvantages of the DPK terrace board are described above - averaged data. The coating characteristics may differ depending on the selected material and manufacturers. We recommend the Alta Profile terrace board. She is:

• resistant to UV radiation;
• has an attractive view of natural wood;
• easy mounted;
• it has a special non-slip coating.

In the range of companies - 2 collections of a terrace board:

• Carpinus: double-sided board with a corrugated surface.
• Fagus: repeats the structure of a natural tree. The collection includes 4 colors.

View the offer "Alta Profile" and choose the appropriate option for your terrace, a gazebo or a porch in our