Facrifical houses are a method for the construction of residential buildings and mini-hotels, which was invented by Europeans in the XV century. Today, the popularity of this method of construction began to return again. Initially, when such houses only began to appear, they became a new trend in architectural construction. The place between the beam structures was filled with clay and a mixture of various plants. Facrifical houses modern looks much elegant. The designs of such houses are very practical, but at the same time lung. These houses are usually erected without a attic. But there are options with the construction of a attic.

Features of half-timbered houses

Appeared half-timbered homes in Scandinavia

Today, architects use one favorite reception - the removal of the walls of the half-timbered houses. This is possible due to the fact that the load on them is practically absent. On the site of the walls can be mounted windows of any length. This allows you to create a sense of unity with the external environment. Basically such houses are built outside the city.

High-timbered homoette houses are facilities from a bar. The main feature of such houses is that wooden beams Do not hide under the trim. On the contrary, they become the main visible difference of such structures.

The main features of such houses are as follows:

Stages of building house in the style of Fakhverk

Stages of building a house in a similar style:

1. Before starting construction, you need to develop a project, make a drawing. There are both classic and exclusive projects of houses. The speed of creating the project will depend on how difficult it is. If you want to speed up the process, you can take a ready-made project and upgrade it in your wishes. At the same time, great attention should be paid to the laying of the necessary communications;
2. Installing the foundation. It is desirable that it be monolithic.
3. Creating a set of home. The production creates a full-fledged set of details for the house in the style of the Former. The frame of this house consists of a glue bar. It uses natural wood that has environmental purity. The thickness of the bar is chosen depending on the climate conditions in which the house will be located;
4. Assembling house in the style of the Facrow. After the kit with the details is obtained, you can start assembling. It is important to determine whether the first row of strapping is horizontally. After all, if there is at least the slightest bias, the integrity of the design can be broken. The beams are fixed to each other by writing. They are fixed using studs. If you have a drawing, collect such a house from the bar you will not be difficult. The assembly technology is the same here as when working with the designer. As a rule, you will need 2 weeks for construction;
5. Installation work roofing. At this stage, the roof is insulation, the attic, the roof is mounted. The rafters are made from the bar, which makes it possible to achieve greater strength. First, insulate the place between the rafters. After that, waterproofing is made and the dohkel is attached;
6. Glazing of the house in the style of the Facrow. A distinctive feature that the style has a step, is high glazing. Window window types are not only very aesthetic, but also reliable. The length of the windows can be any. Glazed space can fill over more than half of the entire wall area. You should not fear that you will need to spend a lot of means for heating. Homes in the style of Fakhverk suggest the installation of special heat-saving double-glazed windows. In such a house you will feel comfortable even in a strong frost;
7. Installing walls outside. Here uses technology using OSB plates. It is possible to draw up the walls outside with any material. It all depends on the preferences of the customer;
8. Installing engineering communications. As already mentioned, this moment is worth solving even before construction has begun. After all, the installation of communications is associated with a multitude of nuances;
9. Finish inside. This is the final stage of work. Homes in the style of Facrow have a special design, thanks to which you can use within a large number of different partitions. So, indoor premises in such a house can be quite spacious.

   
   Example of the first floor of the half-timbered house

The frame of the half-timbered house always consists only of glue bar.

Terms of construction

Facrifical houses look very beautiful

The duration of the work will depend on certain characteristics of the project. They include building size, originality and others. In general, construction is carried out in very short time. Let's say prefab houses in this style of 300 squares can be commissioned for 10 months.

On the assembly of the house leaves literally a couple of weeks. Approximately 2 months will need to design. As long as the time for finishing at home inside and outside. A couple of months will take and laying communications. Three months - additional filling.

If you need to install a bath or pool, then construction can be stretched for a longer period. By typical project, you can build a house for seven months. Less will not work. After all, dryer is required for a bar. And the foundation will have to be broken.

An example of the layout of the second floor of the half-timbered house

Construction features

Features of the construction of houses in such projects are as follows:

In Russia, half-timbered houses are also becoming increasingly popular

1. Due to the fact that such frame houses have a small weight, the foundation can be made by monolithic belt;
2. Strict requirements for the choice of timber are presented. It must be made of coniferous rocks. Boards are worth cleaning from the bark and trim from all sides. For each edge there must be chamdes. On the tree should not be mold, other damage;
3. The technology of half-timbered houses has its own minuses. This is fragile floors between floors. So, it is better to build frame houses of no more than three floors. From the attic it is better to refuse. As a rule, such projects of houses from the logs suggest one floor;
4. Behind the facade of the house made of wood requires care. About once every three years it is worth painting;
5. The half-timbered house is very modern. Due to the fact that it allows you to use various finish options;
6. Prefab houses made according to this technology are very environmentally friendly, fireproof.

All the above indicators that have prefab houses are high enough, but only under certain conditions. So, for example, the environmental friendliness of the house will depend on how eco-friendly all its components.

Overlapping in half-timbered homes. With a strong fire or earthquake, they will collapse.

If toxic paint will be used for painting a bar, then it will be possible to argue with environmentally friendly. The same applies to fire safety. All elements should be non-combustible. They can be treated with refractory compositions.

Make a project of the half-timbered house quite difficult

The characteristics of thermal insulation will be high only provided that thermal insulation materials are chosen correctly.
Production frame houses This technology carries both certain advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages and disadvantages of houses in the style of Facro

Among the advantages can be distinguished such as:

Facrifical houses harmoniously look especially on the background of nature

1. Ease of construction. Due to this, the construction of a solid foundation is not required. Accordingly, the construction time is reduced as a whole;
2. Huge glazing opportunities. Prefabricated houses built in half-timbered technology are strong enough. So, there is an opportunity to implement solid glazing without the use of frame structures;
3. Large areas of the room. Any window length. All this is possible due to the use of glue bar, which is capable of overlapping huge spills;
4. Short construction time. Modern half-timbered home does not require the use of powerful technology. Collect it can very quickly brigade out of six people;
5. Unique and modern design;
6. The use of environmentally friendly material - timber;
7. Prefab houses built on such technology will not be exposed to shrinkage.

Among the disadvantages, you can allocate the following

1. High cost of materials;
2. Frame materials require constant care;
3. High risk of fire;
4. The probability of mold and fungus;
5. Small wall thickness.

Thanks to the special lighting technology in such a house there will be a record number of light. So, such a modern house can be a real dream. The construction of the half-timbered house is quite complicated, so it will be not easy to build it yourself.

Need to have certain skills frame construction. The construction technology of such houses was widely used in Germany and in Europe. People who have never seen from the inside such a modern house, believe that from the inside it looks the same as outside. In some cases, they are right.

The wall of the half-timbered house in the context

It is drawn up from the inside such a house in the style of "Faxer" or in Scandinavian, which involves the use of white tones, a large amount of free space.

Also permissible is the style of High-tech. It is characterized by a large amount of metal, minimalism. If the construction of such a house does not imply the use of metal parts, then in the interior they can successfully apply.

The half-timbered houses have one significant disadvantage that consists in the high risk of fire.

Some owners of such houses prefer to draw up their home in classic style. Home beams can be actively used as an interior element. The roof of such houses by tradition is made with a duplex without a attic. Although if the presence of a attic is important for you, then this option can also be thought out.

Video

You can watch the video where experts will talk about the features of half-timbered homes.

In our edges, the half-timbered houses appeared and received distribution relatively recently. Nevertheless, this construction technology has already managed to conquer a mass of supporters - and not surprisingly, thanks to a well-thought-out design, simplicity of construction using natural environmentally friendly materials, as well as the convenience of exploitation of the house in the style of the Facrow, are becoming increasingly distributed, including in our latitudes.

The history of the emergence of half-timbered houses has several centuries. The first facilities of this type appeared in the twelfth century. By the middle of the sixteenth century, the construction of half-timbered houses in Western Europe was recognized as quite suitable and received further mass distribution in many countries. House in the style of Fakhverk traditionally belong to low-rise construction - such buildings may include up to 3-4 floors. Currently, there is a growing popularity of the construction of single-storey half-timbered homes using modern technologies, including for the middle class. Currently, there are about two million buildings in this style in Germany - there can even be visited special excursions called "Fahverkaya Street".

Translated from the German "Famverk" - cellular (lattice) design. The technology of building houses in this style is different from other construction methods. The half-timbered house is a structure based on a wooden frame of carrier vertical racks, horizontal beams and diagonal squeezes. Processed with special compositions The glued bar of solid rocks is based on the basis of the building. The space between the elements of the frame of the 8-timed house is filled with panels or masonry from various material (bricks, stone, building blocks). During construction, cement-chipsticks are widely used - this material made by pressing portland cement with the addition of wood chips and stabilizers, differs by high density, excellent sound and thermal insulation properties, resistance to weather effects, as well as low cost and ease of processing.

In addition, modern technologies allow us to build the walls of half-timbered houses from special heat-saving glass panels (consisting of single-layer or two-layer glass, as well as triplex). This method allows the glazing of 75-95% of the walls. Thanks to modern technologies, three-layer glazing with filling of glass windows with argon provides the ability to get the equivalent of walls with brickwork thick of about 80 cm - heat insulating properties This home is very impressive.

Traditionally, the half-timbered houses grows a two-tie or four-tight roof that rushed low enough so that in its shadows it can be hidden from the scorching sun. The tribute of the historical tradition and the main distinguishing feature of the construction of houses of houses Fakhverk is located in paragraph view of the wooden frame, which is collected from durable woods - oak, beech, grab, as well as wood coniferous rocks. This mortgage solution allows you to easily distinguish the facade of the house in the style of the headfront from the buildings in other styles.

Advantages and disadvantages of half-timbered houses

The half-timbered houses are nicely impressive with a neat view, ease and grace of design, and it is distinguished by ease of construction - such a building can be erected with minor labor costs in a short time, gathering a house of parts components like a constructor. Despite this, at home in the style of Fakhverk are characterized by a significant margin of strength and durability - this is evidenced by the built about three centuries ago the construction, still preserved in excellent condition.

In addition, it is possible to note the following benefits of the style in the style of the Facrow:

• the axial design characteristic of half-timbered buildings allows to plan in them the premises of any sizes without the need to build internal bearing walls;
• in the house in the style of the front, the main load carry vertical wooden frame racks. This design is quite strong and at the same time light - due to this, the pressure on the foundation of the house is reduced. The half-timbered houses do not give shrinkage and can be erected on any foundation, in contrast to monolithic buildings, including lightweight species. This circumstance significantly reduces the cost of construction;
• the technology of the construction of half-timbered houses, in fact, representing the assembly of structures on the frame like the details of the designer, allows "turnkey" construction work (from pre-prepared material) in a short time - several times faster than traditional buildings from bricks, stone or bar .

The perfect construction style without any drawbacks, perhaps, does not exist. But most of the problems in the several centuries of the construction of the houses in the style of Fakhverk still managed to decide. The half-timbered houses with walls embedded on the basis of a wooden frame filled with clay saman, significantly inferior in the ability to save heat - compared to brick buildings. Using modern heat-saving materials, the situation has changed. It is worth noting that most insulation require replacement - in about 25-30 years. In the same time, square meter The resulting residential area will cost relatively inexpensively - therefore, the constructive solution of the half-timbered house allows you to save a significant amount during construction, which is more than enough for several cycles of heat insulation materials. With the use of modern construction technologies, heat transfer results were almost equally equal, modern houses in the style of Fakhverk are quite energy efficient - perhaps, in addition to the conditions of the Far North.

Glass buildings placed on the lap of nature look very harmonious and allow you to admire the surrounding landscape from anywhere at home.

Finishing house in the style of Fax

As the basis of the house in the style of Fakhverk, it acts a specially designed and located visor framework, which is made of glued timber, reinforced concrete or steel. In such houses, elements of the power frame in the form of racks, beams and squeaks are traditionally located in sight (outside and inside the building), emphasizing the structural features of the construction and giving it a special expressiveness.

Previously, the space between the carrier elements was filled with the saman, in modern conditions For this purpose, various building materials are used - bricks (in the form of ordinary or decorative masonry), natural stone, gas and foam blocks with the addition of various insulation. For the construction of walls and the subsequent finishing of houses in the style of the Fakverk, you can also use:

• plate materials - for example, cement-chipsticks (CSP). Due to high wear resistance and durability, this material is widely used to finish the buildings in the style of the flash. The slabs are sliced \u200b\u200bby the grinder or the plates are stained into suitable tones with the help of water-mounted or oil paint, and then fixed with screws on the walls between the frame elements. Other slab materials are widely applied in these purposes - moisture-resistant gypsum fiber sheets, lining;
• wall plastered - this, quite laborious type of finish is suitable for brick and block buildings. For this, waterproof building mixtures will be suitable, the final layer of plaster can reach several centimeters;
• in the countryside with a harsh climate, the construction of a half-timbered house with glass walls may not be profitable. Thus, various adapted construction options have appeared with borrowing recognizable features of the Facrokch, including the facade finish in this style. In this case, an ordinary house from a wooden bar, bricks or building blocks can be used as the basis, and it is possible to pick up a very realistic looking decor made of polyurethane panels and a bar (with a cross section of at least 150x150 mm), simulating the half-timbered design. They are glued to the facade with the help of construction glue (plant on liquid nails, ceresit, etc.). The advantages of such imitation of the Facrokch can be attributed to the presentable appearance At low cost, resistance to various atmospheric influences, mold and insect, durability and durability.

Half-timbered houses do it yourself

If you have familiarized yourself with the available information and examples of projects presented on the Internet, and then thought about the construction of the half-timbered house with your own hands, it is worth considering that it is not easy at all. Construction companies argue that it will take some time to build such a building - it should be noted that it is understood that the house assembly of the kit previously prepared by specialists according to the developed project of the half-timer house, in which all parts and elements of the design are carefully planned and are calculated using computer programs. The connection of the beams is carried out with the help of special connecting seams that guarantee the strength of the structure - with independent execution of such works from zero, the presence of joinery skills will be required.

In the case of using a finished kit, wooden bars prepared by the factory method (usually oak or pine) with cut-off grooves are taken from the factory method (usually painted and treated with special impregnation, as well as the front panels prepared for installation. In this case, it remains to collect the house from the parts according to the plan - like a wooden constructor.

When building a house in the style of Fakhverk should take into account the following features of construction technology:

• for the construction of the construction, it will be necessary to prepare a lightweight foundation - it is recommended to use a finely blurred belt wide up to 0.5 m. The half-timbered house will not create a large load on the foundation, since it is largely distributed to the elements of the wooden frame. In addition, the walls of such a design are sufficiently rigid and no significant weight;
• the foundation is laid by a layer of waterproofing, on top set the strapping from the bar, fastening it with metal anchors;
• next, it is necessary to build a frame of glued timber, connecting it elements (vertical racks and horizontal beams) in advancely planned manner, fixing the design using the sinks;
• for the construction of internal partitions, bars are used with a smaller cross section - they are fixed to the floor using frame dowels;
• the frame of the frame is connected to the roof rafters;
• it is necessary that the walls of the half-timbered home filled the frame from the inside, leaving the elements of its design in sight;
• internal partitions in such a house can be arranged randomly from any building material;
• as a heater use various materials - For example, basalt cotton wool or cellulose fiber mats. In the case of glazing walls for heating at home, the "Warm floor" system or convection heat supply near double-glazed windows;
• communications are placed under the floor, as well as in the frame;
• the roof of the houses in the style of the Fakvert is most often covered with ceramic tiles or metal tile, sometimes leaf iron;
• after the work done, you will need to start exterior decoration. Wutching opaque walls and having stuck them into bright colors, you can give the house characteristic flavor of the half-timber.

Facrifical houses - Photo

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What is "Fux" and how to build with the use of this technology and in this style

Fig. 1. The wooden frame of the half-timed house consists of racks, beams, riggers, ducts, struts, upper and lower strapping.

After the construction of the house at the next stage, the walls are filled with fascine panels (in Europe, fascines are flying or knit from IV rods, and in East Asia - bamboo), decepted clay, saman raw bricks or, as well as from natural stone.

Brick inserts are attached to the frame on the pins inserted with one edge in the beams or racks. Another ancient way Fastening brick inserts to the frame is to use triangular rails, which are fixed around the perimeter of the rumble to the inner surfaces of the frame. At the same time, the triangular grooves under these rails are cut into extreme bricks.

Fig. 2. The strength and rigidity of the frame gives the use of various types of thickening compounds and wrinkles, fixed to increase the strength of wooden brazers.

Inevitably generated between the inserts and parts of the frame houses of the gap in the older caught wool mixed with lime, and then attached to the limestone.

In modern conditions, the sealing of the slots perform approximately the same way, but the more technological industrialized sealing and finishing materials are used.

In addition, to turn the half-timbered building into the house corresponding to modern requirements For comfortable accommodation, the walls need to be insulated and arrange additional sound insulation.

However, it is suitable for additional heat and sound insulation, as a rule, from the inside of the walls, trying not to violate the traditional, historically established architectural style of the half-timbling building.

According to the established tradition, wooden beams frame paint in dark red, brown or even black. On the plaster, the wooden frame also by tradition, they will drag the "fatty" black line so that the framework details seem thicker, massive and durable. Moreover, this reception is used both in Germany and in China. Very often, the plastered panels are decorated with various vegetable ornaments, coat of arms, inscriptions or other images. If the filling is brick, then different geometrically correct, repeating patterns are laid out of the brick.

Most often, the source material for the main element of the first grade - filling is clay, as it is not true, it is widely distributed everywhere and it is possible to get it without causing any damage to the surrounding environment. Clay is an fine-grained sedimentary breed, dusty in a dry state and plastic during moisture. The diameter of its particles does not exceed 0.005 mm, but when compliance with the traditional technology of the construction of half-timbered buildings, dust is not formed during the subsequent operation.

Another common filling material is a ceramic brick. The main raw material for its production is the clay described above, and therefore at the stage of operation a brick is safe for people's health. However, when evaluating the degree of influence of ceramic materials on the environment, high energy consumption and industrial emissions at the stage of their production should be taken into account.

Occasionally, natural stone is used as filling. In most cases, the natural stone is friendly to a person, besides, in its natural state, it has the necessary construction properties, most importantly of which is durability. In the half-timbered construction, the natural stone is applied without any additional processing, so there are no waste, and when using local stone materials, loads and the environment associated with its extraction and transportation are reduced.

The roof of the half-timbered houses, as a rule, makes from traditional materials: tiles, cane and plates of natural or industrial slate. In wet climatic conditions, they cover the walls of buildings. Currently, the slate has already ceased to produce asbestos, replacing it with other safe fibrous materials to human health.

However, when choosing modern building materials and technologies, it is necessary to exhibit certain caution and diligence, since not all of them are combined with the historically established and peculiar architectural style of half-timbered buildings.

So, for external window sills and external naschalnki, it is not necessary to use wood of coniferous rocks. Even with the processing of its modern protective equipment, it has a limited service life.

For these purposes, it is better to use traditional oak, although it is more difficult in processing, and it is much more expensive.

It is also not necessary to get involved in wide care for entrance doors and an entry gate, since heavy hints will inevitably lead to the deformations of wooden racks and beams of the frame. The distance between adjacent wooden racks should not exceed 120 cm, or, if it is still necessary to increase, steel structures should be used.

Fig.3. The project of the modern house in the style of Fakhverk with all the elements of this traditional architecture and technology.

It should also be carefully approaching the use of modern insulating and sealing materials when filling the half-timbered framework. The fact is that historically the walls of the half-timbered houses have always had a gap. This allowed for many decades to avoid rotting wooden framework details due to effective natural ventilation. When using modern sealing materials, it is necessary to provide special ventilation gaps and channels, which is not always possible to do without disturbing the traditional style of the half-timbered home.

Among the parts that are poorly combined with traditional directions in the flash architecture, metal doors can be distinguished with a large glazing area, especially if they have many decorative elements of a rounded form. Absolutely not suitable for the graded house modern plastic windows With wide overwhelms, devoid of small details of the binding. Such windows can completely destroy the architectural style and nature of the building. The similar effect is achieved and then when the windows are set up with a "step" in relation to nearby horizontal beams or bars of strapping. We should not forget that the intersecting beams and racks must divide the walls of the wall on even rectangles of the correct form. Clear rectangles and squares are completely inappropriate on the facade of the house.

Unlike the design elements of the house when choosing a way to finish, decorative parts and color shades, the possibility is significantly wider. The frame and its filling can be both contrasting colors and painted in two close shade of one color, and even in the same color.

According to the old German tradition at the end construction work The half-timbered house decorate the branches of deciduous trees and arrange a festival of the newly skid.

Fakhverk is not only construction technology, but also architectural style

Despite the centuries-old history and more than a solid age, the Fakhverk retains popularity in modern home-building.

The half-timber is a frame design of a wooden bar, consisting of a system of racks, beams, riglels, squeaks and strapping. It is the presence of separations, as well as a wide variety of compounds, fixed by wooden bellows and a rigging rigidity, distinguishes the half-timber from other types of frame house-building. Another difference lies in the fact that the elements of the frame are not hidden under the trim, and protruding from the flat surface of the walls, visually dismembering the walls on the geometric sections and giving the building texture clarity and expressiveness. The space between the wooden bars of the frame is filled with a variety building materialAnd the walls themselves are covered with plaster.

On a note

In antiquity, almost any rebunny material was used in the old-fach houses as a placeholder of the walls: clay, sinters, saman (mixture of clay with reed or straw), broken stone and even construction trash. The rich townspeople filled the intercrowl space with wooden carved panels.

To do not drink from above

Very often in half-timbered structures, floor ledges are used: the upper floors hang over the lower, forming a kind of step ledges. You might think that the goal is to increase the area of \u200b\u200beach subsequent floor. Partly this is. But this is only a consequence, and most importantly consisted in the other. Such ingenious way, medieval architects protected unreleased saman walls with wooden carcass From the destructive moisture, from which the facades of buildings with high frontons and a large number of windows suffered from the first place.

Modern option

Today, instead of an ordinary bar, glued, more durable and minimal exposed to deformations and cracking is most often used instead of an ordinary timber. The glued bars and beams made in the factory conditions may have a different cross section and non-standard length (up to 18 m), which allows you to implement any architectural ideas. In addition to the glued timber in modern half-timbered homes, the carrier frame of metal thermopropil can be used. It can be embedded in the half-timbered frame of a modern fiber insulation, although due to the presence of the separation, this procedure becomes notably complicated, because in the thickness of the insulation, in no case should remain empty "pockets".

Tradition and innovation

More expensive but very effective option "Warming" - energy-saving glass windows. The facades can be glazed almost 100%, while the house creates a unique spirit, which could be called the kingdom of space and light. The use of a large amount of glass does not affect the strength of the building. Custom glass windows with low-emission glass (I-glass, K-glass) make it possible to achieve a low level of heat loss that corresponds to modern standards in heat supporting residential buildings. That, in combination with modern heating systems, it provides heat and comfort with very modest energy consumption. Well, in order to burn out from immodest eyes, it is enough just to delay the curtains.

Facrokrock on "Simplified"

Supervises a simplified version - outdoor and interior decoration Houses in the style of the Facrow. It lies in the fact that wooden decorative elements, imitating racks, beams and half-timbered frames are pasted on plastered walls. These wooden parts are painted, as a rule, in a dark contrasting color. Such a solution applies to houses built in different styles from different materials. Under the elegant half-timbered "skin" any constructive "skeleton" can be hidden: a frame, an unrestogulous timber, a brick or foam blocks.

Facrous frame house with their own hands - an example of a project and construction

The reputation of houses of a frame type, including half-timbered, undermined in our country.

Maybe not hopelessly, but seriously enough. There are a lot of reasons for this. After all, we all dreamed of the cheapest and affordable houses. And when at the end of the last century, in the domestic market, they finally appeared relatively inexpensive and energy-efficient frame structures (for some reason they were immediately called Canadian, although they often had no relation to Canada), everyone was delighted.

Here it is! It happened! Simple I. warm house! But instead of adopting the western experience in the construction and operation of such houses and creatively process it in order to adapt to the Russian conditions, customers and builders rushed to save on everything and all.

The ideology of the customer, however, is quite understandable: to pay smaller, but get bigger. As a result, the "Canadian" houses first lost air heating and cooling systems. Followed in the fly and the system of forced supply-exhaust ventilation.

Builders also contributed both to the "economy" of building materials and to simplify structures, which was often fraught with very unpleasant consequences. "The combined efforts" in a matter of years led to the fact that most customers still do not want to hear about skew houses.

As a result, builders who know how to build good frame structures, for 15 years they have been trying to restore their Renomes and prove that the frame house was, there is and, perhaps, for a long time will remain the most inexpensive, technological, energy efficient and economical in operation.

They have to in practice to prove their right thing to be implemented by each customer, demonstrating the objects delivered. And advanced builders even develop new framework technologies, profitable ... (Do not be surprised!) For the customer.

However, unfortunately, the distrust was rooted somewhere very deeply, and, probably, that is why the volumes of frame construction grow extremely slowly. But, fortunately, they grow up.

How to return Prestige carcass?

It was above this issue in 2007, designers and builders of Zaoksky expanses and landscapes thought. They developed a fairly simple and clear modular design and construction system of half-timbered homes, the essence of which is reduced to the following. The house frame is assembled from glue racks and beams with a cross section of 200 x 180 mm.

At the same time, the racks are mounted with a strictly defined step - approximately 2.5 m (from where it follows that the system is modular), which corresponds to the double width of sheet cabarton sheets, CSP and OSP-plates used to cover the framework, and, therefore, reduces Minimum amount of waste.

In addition, such a powerful frame, which remains visible outside and from the inside, as is customary in the front, ensures the strength and reliability of the collected design. It is curious that at the same time it does not have all sorts of pumps and the like elements peculiar to the classic step.

Instead of them, the stiffness of the design gives the sheets of OSP or CSP, mounted by the verses in the frames of the frame (the technology of filling out the openings is Know-how).

For connecting wooden framework elements, original unified nodes were developed among themselves (about ten), which is convenient for designers - now they immediately create not only the project of the house, but also a special file that allows you to control the automated line that manufactures the necessary racks and beams.

No less convenient for the new system and builders. After all, ready-made details with connecting cups and spikes come to the construction site and even with grooves for the installation of metal connecting elements (they are also used in the design).

At the same time, nothing is required to be customized - choose the desired fragment of the brought packs (the assembly is carried out in a strictly defined order, which cannot be broken), mount into place and fix the compound of the metal part specified in the accompanying documentation (tugar screws, metal perforated elements, etc. are used. P. - The need to use each of them defines the designer).

If some part is not suitable, the collector (it is more correct to call it this way), not trying to fit on its own, as it is usually accepted at the construction site, stops and causes the Proba.

However, the advantages of the new system are not exhausted. Since the design being created is not exposed to shrinkage, it is permissible to install large-sized double glazing windows directly to the perfumes formed by a frame, saving thus on their expensive frame framing. But it is not all.

The created design can be insulated to the degree of energy efficiency required by the customer. Wants a client to build a passive house - no problem.

Facrow house on the slope

On the construction of a graded house with a total area of \u200b\u200b302 m 2 by the company "Zaokskiy and landscapes" on its own technology, it is quite detailed in the photo report from the construction site. We will add only some comments.

Location of development is located near the Museum-Reserve "Polenovo". The terrain there is quite hilly, the height difference from one edge of the site acquired by customers to another was about 6 m.

The height difference in the "Stain of the Development" is 1.5 m, which forced the builders to make a stepped pile-painted foundation and the ground overlap. The steps inside the house helped not conditionally, and actually divide the internal space of the first floor to the residential and public zone with the ceilings of different heights. Residential premises of the second floor are located at one level.

Add a few words about saving money ... customer.

If you build a similar house in modern, but, for example, standard half-timbered technology, then due to an increase in the material consideration and elongation of the construction time it will cost about 500 thousand rubles. more expensive. And if extensive window openings are filling in glass packages inserted into the frame, admitting warm aluminum, the cost of construction will increase by about 800 thousand rubles. And, as it seems to us, the customer, moving in a new home, will be happy to spend the saved funds, for example, to furnishings.

Facrow House - Project and Construction: Photo

One who is confident that frame houses are a technological tribute to modern savings and protection ambientAnd our distant ancestors were built exclusively from wood or stone - mistaken. In Europe, the construction of skew housing has been massively practiced 500 years ago, and before that, a few more centuries were reached. The technology was named "Fakverk", which has been translated from German - frame construction.

Externally, the half-timbered home learn is very easy. The business card of this technology is protruding from the walls of the beams that form a drawing from direct and inclined lines. Such a solution is beneficial for at least because of the ease of installation and ease of operation.

Ancient house built by Fakhverk technology, Germany

Evolution of technology

Wooden frame is one of the most pressing inventions. He was known to builders of ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, the Roman Empire and their colleagues in ancient China. Being one of the oldest ways Construction, Fakhverk was distributed in those places where she had to take care of wood savings. Easy first, with time the technology has undergone changes, developing and becoming more complicated. The basis of the first buildings were beams (logs or thrills), covered in the ground or clay, which served ash. The filling of the walls is most often also clay, the roof was crowned with a straw roof.

Such a design could not serve for a long time - the covered pillars were gradually soaked in moisture, rotted and destroyed. Later they guessed to install the framework of the frame on the stone pillow, deepened in the ground, and the clay for the walls to strengthen (reinforce) straw, branches or reed. Over time, the development of crafts (especially shipbuilding) made it possible to produce new structural parts, beams and a progressive rectangular rack. The experience of generations of builders showed that the inclined parts of the framework - struts and the soot - significantly improve the stability of the structure.

The construction of half-timbered houses is very popular in Scandinavia, for example in Sweden

The half-timbered houses spread throughout Europe, including the states of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Holland, Switzerland and France. In each country, the technology was modified, adapting to the local conditions (in England, for example, the walls were additionally insulated sheep wool). Stone foundation and lags appeared only in the 15th century.

The half-timbered houses were the usual admission of the city landscape of 15-16 centuries, especially in Northern Europe - in Britain, Germany and Poland. In the 18th century, the style of Fakhverk began to be crowded out by other architectural finds and ways of construction. He was remembered in the 70s of the last century, in a wave of interest in the environmental friendliness and practicality of medieval technology.

The visiting card of the front remains his decorativeness. The frame of the beams, darkening over time, remains in sight, the walls are covered with light plaster, and the house acquires an elegant, festive look. IN different countries The carcass beams were installed in their own way (in England and France vertically, in Switzerland and Germany - at angles), which made it possible to create infinitely various picturesque facades.

Modern house in the style of Fakhverk

Modern technology

Fakhverk is still common in Europe type of structure with recognizable carrier base from beams, reliefly speaking for the plane of the facade. Modern construction techniques have retained a classic half-timber, expanding the list of materials used. Houses on the technology of Fakhverk are still a combination of carrying design and wall panels.

As a basis, a rigid spatial framework of brusade elements is made (often from wood of coniferous rocks). The frame forms cells, which are then filled with materials selected for walls - from traditional natural to innovative.

The use of frame-frame construction solves several tasks:

Allows you to build a solid design with stable parameters.

Reduce housing rates.

Minimize wood consumption (and, it means a budget).

The construction of a modern house runs quickly and technologically

Features of the construction of the house on technology Fakhverk

With the advent of new materials and tools, the construction of houses according to the technology of Fakhverk has undergone many changes over the past few decades, while retaining the main principle of style - frame. Changes touched almost all design elements:

Foundation. Since the framework of the house is light and hard, in most cases a small-breeding foundation is placed, whose parameters are calculated taking into account the properties of the soil and the characteristics of the project. It is then waterproofing and insulation of the base of polystyrene foam or mineral Vata.. The foundation and lower part of the frame are connected by anchor bolts.

Frame. A technological glovenant or polished bar came to replace the traditional material (logs and thrills). Details of the design (fragments of walls, roofs, terraces) are securely joined with wooden elements (brazers, spikes, ducts). The compounds are performed by special ways (half-man, mann, Wilderman, Andreevsky Cross), which must be correctly designing and positioned. Many projects use metal fasteners. Wooden elements are protected from damage by complex drugs (antiseptic, antipiren) and varnished.

Bearing walls. Feature technology - Filling between beams - is not a bearing basis, the walls only share the space. This opens up almost unlimited refreshments.

Filling the cells of the walls. To fill the cells, any material is suitable. Internal partitions are filled with high heat and vapor insulation properties. The surface of the walls is putty and decorated without special restrictions.

On our site you can familiarize yourself with the most popular projects of houses on the technology of Famvert from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-rise Country".

Facrow-style house: wall material

The aggregate can serve as a brick, stone and blocks from cellular concrete (foam and aerated concrete), but in the last decade there has been a tendency to use slab materials (OSP, cement-chip, plasterboard). It is preferable to use materials possessing such characteristics:

ease and strength;

moisture resistance;

high heat saving properties;

ecology.

Fragment of construction in the context (wall filling features)

The traditional feature of the style is the filling method - the frame from the facade is not hidden, and serves as a spectacular architectural part. The inner surfaces are made in accordance with the selected style. For finish finish Select facing materials (for example, with a brickwork imitation) or not losing the popularity of plastering (often decorative compositions).

House-Fakhverk refers to a wooden housekeeping, but the trend of modern design becomes completely glass walls when the area of \u200b\u200bglazing at home takes at least 60% of the walls of the walls. This option is not designed for mass construction, since it is composed in execution, silence and disposable in regions with long-term harsh winters (even if installing energy-saving double-glazed windows). The design will be advantageous next to the reservoir or the slope when the illusion of the fusion of the landscape and the interior arises.

Modern style interpretation - elite half-timbered house with a flat roof

Roof for Fakhverka

Classic European half-timbered buildings were often raised with a storey protrusion (when the upper floor performs above the bottom). The purpose of such an architectural reception was to protect the house from atmospheric precipitation - water during the rain was not on the foundation, but to the Earth. IN modern houses In the style of the header, the protective function performs the roof with wide skes borrowed from the style of the chalet.

The architectural style of the house perfectly fits the duct roof in which, except for soles, there is another characteristic feature - the lack of a attic and attic. The roof by tradition can serve natural tile; Although more common metal tile, ondulin and soft roof.

On our site you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of the construction of the houses of Fakhverk. Directly to communicate with representatives, you can visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-rise country".

Advantages and disadvantages of houses

The advantages of the first:

Durability. The Germans are difficult to reproach in the absence of a rational approach and practicality. German builders know a lot in strength, and they don't have to go far for evidence - many houses in Germany stand in 200-300 years. Of course, the proper operation of the structure plays his role here, but this does not detract from the skills of the builders to choose and use qualitative materials and methods for processing.

Aesthetic attractiveness. If you want to highlight your accommodation, house-head-one is one of the most suitable options.

The house designed on the slope

Multivariate. The house adapts to any climatic conditions. Technology allows you to design large rooms (60-70 m²) without support.

Terms of construction. Make up about 3 months.

Saving. It consists in reducing the cost of the foundation.

Minimum shrinkage. The frame of the adhesive chamber of chamber drying is practically no shrinkage, which allows you to delay in the interior.

Openness design. Allows you to maximize the solar lighting, which is so lacking in autumn and winter. At the same time, design features do not cause difficulties with the placement of engineering communications (for them there are technological niches in the walls and sex).

Video Description

About the advantages and minuses of half-timbered houses in the following video:

The disadvantages of half-timbered structures are considered:

Cost. The development and implementation of such a project on technology Fakhverk will cost more than a similar skeleton house equal to area. The budget affects the price of energy-saving double-glazed windows and glued timber.

Treatment. Wooden details need regular processing capable of extending their service life.

House with a large number of wooden elements in need of protection

Additional expenses. It may be necessary if the Housing in the style of the Facrower is built in the region with low winter temperatures. The effective layer of thermal insulation will increase the thickness of the walls and, therefore, the cross section of the wall beams. Additional cash infusion will require a warm floor and modern heating system.

Fragility. A large number of Glass calls for caution. Triplex and armored glass will help secure life.

When designing, attention will focus on such aspects:

Timing. Construction company, for example "Ecocomplect", Capably build a half-timbered house as quickly as the frame-panel. Domocomplekt is manufactured at the factory, according to the drawings provided. The rate of assembly is determined mostly by the qualifications of builders.

High-quality glued bar - the base of the durable structure

Building materials. The service life of the half-timbered home depends on the quality of carrier beams. For a durable frame, beams are needed from more dense and resinous wood (for example, larch). High-quality parts have a certificate, which serves as a guarantee of good drying and lack of defects (cracks and exploration) on the surface of the bar.

Design of ventilation and heating systems. The house, most of whose walls is occupied by glass, needs a well-thought-out heating and ventilation system. For houses created by an individual project, an energy-saving triplex (tempered multilayer glass) is selected, which does not increase the heating accounts and preventing the formation of moisture on the windows.

Subtleties

Emphasize and strengthen the originality of the dwelling built in German technology, different ways. Such solutions will serve as an addition to the recognizable architecture:

Using decorative stone . The base, decorated with a stone or brick (or modern finishing material) is an important element of the external design of the half-timbered house.

The contrast facade is noticeable in any weather.

Use arched windows. Arched shape windows with wooden shutters emphasize the identity of the architectural solution.

Strengthening color contrast. It can be considered a traditional style of style. Role decorative element Houses in the style of Fakhverk plays the roof under red tiles and doors painted in a contrast facade color.

Imitation style Fakhverk

Sometimes standard frame houses stylize under german style. To give the facade of a spectacular noble view, not heavy and expensive wooden beams, but decorative prototypes from polyurethane. Such details have a small weight (raise both the child), easy to install and are represented by a rich color palette. Artificial beams are reliably in the interior, as a ceiling construction.

Classic style half-timbered house

Interior features of the house in the style of Fakhverk

The inner type of the half-timbered house does not have to match the external. The feature of technology (the ability to control the volume, in different ways to zonate space) provides unlimited possibilities for interior design. Using beams and rafters, you can create both traditional and modern style:

Style Fakhverk (German, Scandinavian, Country). The focus is on the color of walls and beams: light walls Require a dark frame, and vice versa. The floor is made from wood or stone (intentionally made tiles), the walls are covered with plaster or paint. The fireplace, forged and wicker elements, natural fabric fits perfectly into the style. On the beams it is convenient to fix the shelves, mount the backlight or homework.

Minimalism (or high-tech). Modern style It is easier to beat in spacious and bright rooms with large-scale glazing, it is enough to paint the walls in white (cream) color and decorate the space with laconic furniture. Easy and organic in such an environment will look metallic (especially forged) details.

Classic. No one hinders to separate partitions with wallpaper and decorate the house of good furniture, elegant lamps and expensive textiles, changing the housing beyond recognition.

Video Description

About the construction of the house of Fakhverk Shale and the technology itself, see the following video:

In what cases it is advisable to choose a house in the style of the head

Experts converge on the fact that the share of such houses in Russia is though increasing, but continues to be small. Interest in the technology of building half-timbered houses is manifested in different ways:

In economy segment. When the price and energy efficiency, the price and energy efficiency have a paramount value, strongly with arrangement of glued timber and frame-panel houses. Unclaimed turned out to be the main advantage - panoramic glazinginappropriate on small land plot In the ring of curious neighbors.

In business class. The area of \u200b\u200bthe site often does not allow to build housing with window openings in the entire wall. The budget of the representatives of this category makes it possible to pay attention not only to the cost, but also for the beauty that suddenly turns on the construction of the imitation of the half-timbered house with fake beams.

Facade of the modern house in the style of Fakhverk

Projects and prices

Stylish and respectable houses in the style of Fakhverk, the construction of which is most practical to trust a construction organization with solid work experience, takes about 3 months. In order for the house to be comfortable and durable, the project's binding to the site is trusted by a qualified specialist who can take into account the relax features. The price of the construction affects:

Architecture and design. What they are intricate (layout, fireplace location), the harder in performance and more expensive. Modern designs are often designed with balconies and terraces.

The degree of glazing. Building S. big windows It is difficult to warm up, and energy-efficient double-glazed windows - option not for each budget.

The quality of the elements of the house complex. We are talking about wooden details and method of insulation.

The project of the house of Famverk with a large glazing area

The average price of the house on the technology of the Facrow in the Moscow region:

no further finish and engineering communications begins from 29-34 thousand rubles / m²;

in business class (turnkey) - 40-45 thousand rubles / m²;

elite housing - from 65-70 thousand rubles / m².

Projects of classical and modern half-timbered houses are cost:

In economy segment. Up to 100 m² - 1,100-1,600 thousand rubles, up to 200 m² - 1,800-2,400 thousand rubles, up to 300 m² - 2,700-4,500 thousand rubles.

In a business segment (2 floors). Up to 100 m² - 4,300-5,900 thousand rubles, up to 200 m² - 6,400-8,900 thousand rubles, up to 300 m² - from 9 million RUB over 2011

On our site you can familiarize yourself with the most popular projects. facrigous houses From construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses a low-rise country.

Video Description

About how not to build a half-timbered house in the following video:

Conclusion

Modern houses built in the architectural style Fakhverk - unusual detail in the Russian countryside landscape. Such buildings attract those who like to experiment with the inner space; Modern technologies make such structures with environmentally friendly, energy-saving and adapted to the continental climate. Among all wooden houses It is half-timbered structures with panoramic windows allow you to feel the presence of nature and harmony with it.