The insulation of the room allows not only to reduce the cost of heating in the cold season, but also helps to keep the coolness of the hot summer. To get from thermal insulation maximum benefit, It is important not to make mistakes when choosing a heater and its installation.

Choosing the material, it is necessary to focus on the basic requirements for insulation:

Externally, insulation can be represented as:

1. Bulk materials - clamzit, granules from the foamed substance.
2. Wool - materials from fibers. Wool is released in rolls or plates. Rolled insulation is prone to slip, it should not be used for walls.
3. Mates are a semed wool glued with a synthetic basis or one-layer.
4. Plates of organic material.
5. Cotton plates formed from plates with different characteristics.
6. Wall blocks or panels made of foam material.

Chemical composition and method of manufacturing insulation determines its properties and quality.

Mineral wool

Minvata is a fibrous material from melts of metallurgical slags or silicate mountain breeds. Mineral wool is a non-combustible material, has low thermal conductivity and high sound absorbing indicators.

The disadvantage of Minvati is its high water absorption, it reduces the service life of the material. With such a disadvantage, it would be possible to put up if not to take into account that Minvat is one of the most harmful building materials for the health.

Formaldehydes that are part of the Ministry of Service are highly toxic materials and are able to make serious harm to health. Do not use mineral wool for internal housing insulation.

Heater Ekwata

Eco-friendly is an environmentally friendly material, for the manufacture of which is used cellulose. It is used for the outer insulation of walls, gender, roof. For applying, special deposition settings are needed.

Application is convenient because the special cutting of the material is not required. The sprayed material fills all the recesses and seams on the surface. For horizontal and inclined surfaces, dry spraying is used for vertical - wet. After drying, the EcoWat creates a reliable protective layer that does not settle and cracks.

Fiberglass, glass gamble

The insulation of fiberglass, or glass gamble, is produced in rolls or plates with sufficient rigidity. It is used for the insulation of any surfaces and floors - walls, roof, floor, slopes. The disadvantage of such a insulation can be called the complexity of the work - requires protective clothing. The glass gamble absorbs moisture well using it for insulation take care of vapor barrier.

Basalt mining

Basalt mineral plates are characterized by fire safety and have low water absorption. They have a different degree of rigidity - soft, semi-rigid, hard and super-sung mineral basalt plates.

Are good insulation For sandwich panels.

After mounting on the plates, you can apply a plaster layer and produce further finish finish.

Ceramzit

Ceramzite is obtained by firing clay rocks. Ceramzite gravel has dimensions from 5 to 40 mm. Use for heat insulation of the floor, overlaps and roofs. It is not subjected to rotting, resistant to temperature difference, does not burn. Ceramzite is also used to join the foundation, which warns the freezing of the soil.

Foamed granules

Granulated foamed polystyrene is used for the heat insulation of the floor and the foundation, roof, as well as as a filler with the device cement tie.. Light Heating Granules are 3-4 mm. The use of such granules to fill the space between the main wall and the drywall lifting allows you to fill the entire space and avoid the appearance of cold bridges.

Polystyrene foam plates and blocks

The polystyrene insulation is most often used foamed polystyrene or foam.

Benefits:

1. Low weight.
2. High strength.
3. Low cost.
4. Easy installation.
5. Low hygroscopicity.

Disadvantages:

1. It has insufficient sound insulation.
2. It has low vapor permeability.
3. Polystyrene foam, made with compliance with the rules of technology is a self-tapping material and does not support combustion. If it is burning, the technology of manufacturing material is impaired. However, one should not forget that in the fire, the foam begins melting, highlighting the caustic smoke, which contains phosgene. Phosgen causes paralysis of the upper respiratory tract.
4. Polyfoam does not breathe. The likelihood of fungus is very large. The saddest thing is that you do not see it, because The fungus breeds between the main wall and insulation. Indoors.
5. It is not recommended to warm the walls of the wall and the ceiling indoors. Violation of technology when the facade insulation reduces the service life of the foam to 7 years.
6. The price of the insulation of foam plastic is much lower than other materials. It is easy to work with it. Using the foam for insulation, think about what is more important - low cost, or safety.

Features of the insulation of apartments in high-rise buildings

When insulation, the apartment in high-rise buildings pay attention to the outer walls, the floor, window slopes.

On the last floors, ceilings are insulated, the residents of the first floors often have to engage in the insulation of the floor.

Works on the insulation of walls inside the premises do not bring the expected results, and sometimes they give an undesirable effect - the wall begins to freeze. The moisture is assembled under the insulation layer, which creates favorable conditions for the development of fungus and mold and increases the thermal conductivity of the wall.

Independently cope with the insulation of the wall outside is difficult due to lack necessary equipment and work experience at height. In such cases, refer to the services of industrial climbers. The high cost of work will eventually be justified by the high efficiency of insulation.

With the outer insulation of the walls, the dew point moves to the surface of the wall and the possibility of evaporation of moisture into the atmosphere appears. The probability of the appearance of harmful microorganisms is minimized.

If there is no possibility to insulate the walls outside the building, the choice of insulation for walls must be approached especially carefully. When internal decoration requires vaporizolation. It is important to exclude the possibility for thermal insulation to absorb moisture. Otherwise, thermal insulating materials lose their properties.

When the walls are insulated, the following order must be observed:

1. Wall.
2. Insulation
3. Parobarrier.
4. Plasterboard.
5. Finish finish.

System forced ventilation will help avoid high humidity in room.

Features of insulation at home

When insulating the house, all sources of heat loss are taken into account. Walls, roof, foundation, floor, window and doorways - everything needs to be paid attention.

When choosing a heater for home, it should be considered from what material the walls of the house are made.

For insulation wooden house It is better to use glass gamble or basalt insulation. Required the use of a layer of vaporizolation.

Before buying a heater, consult with experts. Prefer products famous manufacturers - Knauf, Urs, Eau. Combine and combine different types of insulation.

Observe the technology when performing thermal insulation. This will extend the service life of materials and securely maintain heat in your home.

Characteristics of the insulation escape.

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Heater for the walls of the house: 3 options winter clothes For housing

September 7, 2016
Specialization: Capital construction work (bookmark the foundation, construction of walls, roof design, etc.). Domestic construction work (laying internal communications, roughing and finishing). Hobbies: Mobile communications, high technology, computer equipment, programming.

So that your dwelling is energy efficient and answering all construction standards, you need to know which thermal insulation materials can be used. Especially if it comes to internal insulation, because in this case the insulation is almost in direct contact with the inhabitants of the house.

So today I will tell you how to choose the most best insulation For walls inside the house. More precisely, I will describe everything specifications, advantages and disadvantages, and the final decision about buying a particular material you can already take on your own.

Features of using insulation inside the house

Immediately I want to note that I prefer to carry out insulation in a private house with my own hands on the facades of the building, that is, on the outer surfaces of the walls. Mount the thermal insulation outside is better than inside for many reasons, the discussion of which is beyond the scope of this article.

But sometimes you have to resort to internal insulation. For example:

1. if there is no possibility of using forests and lifting equipment;
2. no desire to spoil the original appearance of your country cottage.

In this case, the priority acquires what to insulate the walls from the inside of the house. I compiled a small table on this:

Characteristic	Description
Low thermal conductivity	The smaller there is a thermal conductivity coefficient, the less thickness the insulated layer must be used. So, the larger useful area in the room will remain.
Foreign safety	The material should not be ignited under the influence of open fire and contribute to the spread of the flame, facilitating the extinguishing of the fire. With ignition, the insulation should not be distinguished by a poisonous smoke, which can interfere with the evacuation of people from the building.
Gigroscopic	The insulation should not absorb water or accumulate water vapors resulting from the vital activity of people. This significantly reduces its thermal insulation properties and reduces the service life of the insulation layer.
Antiseptic	Various microorganisms, insects and rodents, which disturb the integrity of the material and sometimes and the enclosing structures should not appear on the surface and inside the heat insulation.
Heat resistance	The insulation must maintain its original specifications and operational properties regardless of ambient temperature. The geometric dimensions are especially important, because the shrinkage of thermal insulation leads to the formation of cold bridges.
Ecology	The materials used inside the house and outside the building should not harm the human health and environment. Especially if the thermal insulation is produced inside, because in this case the insulation will be almost in direct contact with the residential premises.
Easy mounting	Technology installation of the insulation must be simple in implementation. Ideally, you should be able to consolidate the material inside and outside the walls.

These requirements in one degree or another correspond to all modern insulationHowever, allocate I want only some of them.

Characteristics of individual thermal insulation materials

So, what can inside and outside insulate the enclosing walls? I highlighted several insulation, which are listed in the diagram below:

Now I will describe the technical characteristics of each of them in more detail.

Polystyrene foam: 1 option

Building polystyrene foam for insulation - it is foamed polymeric materialexternal representing sheets white colorhaving a cellular structure. Thermal insulator granules have a closed structure and contain atmospheric gas, which is more than 98% of the total material.

For construction needs, polystyrene foams of different density and with different operational properties are used. The thickness of the finished plates varies from 2 to 100 cm, and the dimensions from 50 to 200 cm.

Thermal conductivity

According to this indicator, the material is hardly the leader among popular thermal insulating materials. For middle strip Russia is enough to use a layer of insulation with a thickness of 5-10 cm to effectively protect the room from unproductive heat loss.

Such high indicators material is obliged to prevent atmospheric gas in granules, which is known is an excellent heat insulator.

The final value of λ depends on the density of the material. I will give a small table, which perfectly illustrates this dependence:

Some companies, for example, TEHNONICOL, in the production of polystyrene foaming, add to the raw material mass of nanographite and nanocarbon additives, due to which the dependence of the thermal conductivity of the material from density is reduced. The coefficient of such a heater is 0.033 W / (M * K).

Sound insulation properties

The polystyrene foam is well suited for soundproofing from drum noise. Although this property is more used in the arrangement of roofs, and in the case of the walls you can achieve a high result.

But the material described poorly absorbs air noises, so if you want to achieve maximum silence indoors, I recommend using a more efficient sound insulator with polystyrene foam. For example, mineral wool, we are talking about below.

Water absorption

The described insulation material is characterized by low hygroscopicity. The closed structure of the cells and the minimum number of capillaries leads to the fact that:

• even with direct contact with liquid, expanded polystyrene absorbs not more than 4% of its own volume;
• and the more dense extruded polystyrene foam absorbs about 0.4% water.

Moreover, it is not only about rain or snow, but also about water vapor dissolved in the air of the living room. When internal use, the material does not require the use of waterproof films. However, this does not mean that the insulation layer cannot be damaged by other external factors.

Strength and service life

In compliance with the installation technology and proper operation of the insulation layer, expanded polystyrene maintains its operational properties for at least 30 years. What is important, while in no way the initial geometric parameters do not change.

The final value of strength depends on the density of plates of polystyrene foam. However, the thermal conductivity coefficient increases with the increase in the last parameter:

• therefore, use too dense slabs is irrational;
• i advise you to pick up the insulation brand depending on the upcoming tasks.

Biological and chemical resistance

Polystyetilol I very much appreciate that it has excellent resistance to the effects of all aggressive substances and compounds contained in building solutions and other materials.

In particular, the polystyrene foam does not harm:

• salts
• alkalis,
• acids
• lime,
• gypsum,
• cement;
• bitumen and substances based on it;
• water paints.

But in this rule there are exceptions. Polystyrene granules destroy:

• organic solvents;
• turpentine;
• acetone;
• esters and others.

You should also avoid contact of the described insulation with:

• refining products (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel);
• alcohol solutions.

As for biocorrosion, this phenomenon can not be afraid. Repeated studies have been proven that the development of microorganisms is impossible on the surface and inside the polystyrene foam plates.

Easy installation and safety

The polystyrene foam, as you know, almost completely consists of air, so weighs very little and has only a minimal extra load on the walls, and even then due to the need to use the crate or external cement plaster.

If you decide what is better insulated walls, then you need to pay attention to the environmental friendliness of thermal insulation. Polystyetyrol under normal conditions does not represent danger to humans, so it is possible to mount it without the use of protective equipment.

The only factor that should be feared - ultraviolet irradiation. The insulation is destroyed under the action of direct sunlight, so it is necessary to protect it with an external decorative trim or thin-layer cement plaster.

Fire properties

Described heat insulation material It is very flammable. And the danger of its use is that during the fire it contributes to the further spread of fire and highlights a large number of Poisonous smoke, which causes harm to people and makes them difficult to evacuation.

To reduce the fire hazard into the original polystyrene mass, anti-epires are added, thanks to which the insulation at ignition is self-filled. However, the smoke formation coefficient is increasing, which makes it difficult to eliminate the focus of fire.

Therefore, when insulation of walls, especially wooden houses (from a bar, rounded logs or built by frame technology), I recommend moving a layer of insulation by fire belts from non-flammable basalt wool.

Use of use

Relying on the table presented below, you will independently determine which material is more suitable for the insulation of the walls.

Density	Usal scope
10	warming of the walls of temporary structures - cabinets for builders, trailers, sea containers etc.
15	insulation and sound insulation of enclosing walls on the inner surface; thermal insulation of balconies, loggias and other auxiliary premises; external and internal insulation of urban apartments and private houses; warming of surfaces not experiencing large operational loads.
20	thermal insulation of facades of residential, commercial and industrial buildings on the technology of the hinged facade.
25	insulation and sound insulation of enclosing walls inside and outside; insulation of walls of basement floors and foundations of buildings; arrangement mansard roofs, including thermal insulation of attic floors; thermal insulation of facades of buildings, loggias and balconies using thin-layer cement.
35	thermal insulation of walls and other surfaces that may experience an increased external mechanical load.

But before you choose than from the inside or outside the walls, you need to decide with other letter notation present in the marking of foam.

Marking	Designation
BUT	Plate with smooth ends having a parallelepiped form of a certain size and thickness.
B.	The polystyrene foam supplied in the form of plates with a milled edge in the form of a step, which achieves a more dense docking of the elements of the insulation layer.
R	The insulation plates for the cutting of which the cutter in the form of a mounted string from the nichrome wire was used for the specified dimensions.
F.	Thermal insulation expanded polystyrene, which does not cut into pieces in the production process, and is formed in special forms.
N.	Construction polystyrene foam, specially intended for insulation of the outer surfaces of the walls of buildings.
FROM	The insulation, which contains fireproof additives, which contribute to the self-filing of the material in the event of a fire. It is such a material that needs to use fire safety instructions for insulation.

As you can see, expanded polystyrene has both pros and cons. But it is very widely applied in private construction due to its available cost.

Mineral wool: 2 option

Construction documentation and government standards define mineral wool as a fibrous insulation material made from various raw materials:

• glasses
• slags, etc.

But the best, from my point of view, the characteristics possesses basalt wool, so I want to devote further narration.

So, the basalt insulation is thermal insulation material made from molten minerals of volcanic origin. Most often we are talking about Gabbro Basalt, from where and the name.

Obtained from molten mineral masses of fiber:

• glued in mats with phenol formaldehyde resins;
• as a result, an insulation with an open fibrous structure is formed;
• inside between the fibers is air, which prevents heat loss from the room.

Thermal conductivity

For this indicator mineral wool Only a little inferior to the polystyrene foam-described above. But only some kind of varieties. The exact value of λ depends on the density of basalt mats and is between 0.032 to 0.045 W / (M * K).

I want to note that, in contrast to the insulation described above, the mineral wool has an open structure, and its fibers are chaotic ways. As a result, the material acquires many additional advantages.

Water absorption

Material itself (mineral fiber) absolutely does not absorb water. But the moisture can penetrate into the gaps between the villi, accumulating inside and reducing the heat grumbling properties.

To avoid this, the production of basalt wool uses hydrophobic substances added to the gloaming resin. Thanks to them, moisture particles are not delayed inside the mats, but quickly output and evaporate.

The final value of the water absorption coefficient is from 1 to 5% of the total material. But it all depends on the density, producer and brand.

Parp permeability

It is for this characteristic (albeit for the other too) I prefer this material. The fibrous structure of basalt wool does not prevent air infiltration through the layer of insulation, allowing the enclosing walls to "breathe". The vapor permeability of the material is approximately 0.3 mg / (M * P * h) (for comparison - in polystyrene foam 0.03).

Due to this, the use of the insulation under consideration for the insulation of the walls makes it possible to achieve several advantages:

• the level of humidity indoors is regulated by naturally;
• the service life of enclosing structures increases, since the accumulated inside moisture is removed outward.

This parameter is especially important for wooden wallswho themselves are vapor permeable. I recommend to warm up mineral wool at home from a natural tree (timber or logs).

Foreign safety

Insulation based on basalt fibers glued with synthetic binding, have excellent fire prevention properties:

• do not ignite under the action of an open flame;
• do not contribute to the further spread of fire;
• during the fire, they do not smoke and do not emit poisonous substances into the air.

Depending on the amount of organic resin, basalt insulation refers to the category NG or G1.

Compressive strength

Under this parameter, the ability of the insulation to withstand significant external mechanical loads. It is usually very important for inter-storey overlaps and flat roofs. But when the walls of the walls in internal and external surfaces using cement plaster, I advise you to pay attention to strength.

The exact value of this parameter ranges from 8 to 60 kPa during surface deformation by 10%.

When finishing on facades, it is important to take into account such a moment as the strength to the separation of the layers. According to the current standards, mineral wool can withstand the effort of more than 15kN on square meter. However, only hard insulation is needed, specially intended for such works.

Density

Two parameters depend on the density of the insulation:

• its strength to external influences;
• coefficient of thermal conductivity.

When buying a material, it is necessary to select the optimal ratio of these characteristics, taking into account the tasks facing you. For example:

• for insulation of plaster facades, the wool density must be at least 100 kg per square meter;
• the floors are resurrected by the material with a density of 200 kg per m3;
• and in the framework structures you can invest with a density of 40 kg per m3.

Lifetime

Manufacturers of popular insulation brands ensure that mineral wool retains its technical characteristics for at least 50 years. At the same time, its operational properties do not affect the level of humidity, temperature fluctuations, the effects of aggressive chemicals and other factors.

The material itself is completely safe for the human body. A small amount of formaldehyde resins used to glue fibers are neutralized at the production stage by additional heat treatment Mineral mats.

One of the popular mineral wool producers in our country is Tekhnonikol. Therefore, I will give a table in which the technical characteristics of various insulation of this company are indicated.

Polyurethane foam: 3 option

Sprayed polyurethane foam is an effective insulation consisting of a large number of microscopic cells filled with carbon dioxide. This material is obtained by mixing two chemical components, which, entering into the reaction with each other and atmospheric gas, are foaming, and then frozen.

As a result, a seamless homogeneous insulated layer is formed, whose technical characteristics depend on the exact composition of the components used.

By the way, the peculiarity of polyurethane foam is that it is applied on the surface of the walls by spraying. Due to the sprayer and high adhesion, the material of the foam can be covered with the designs of a very complex shape, erected from any materials: from metal to wood.

Thermal conductivity

According to this indicator, polyurethane foam is between polystyrene foam and mineral wool. Frozen foam has a thermal conductivity indicator from 0.019 to 0.035 W / (M * K). But here, I do not get tired of repeating, it all depends on the density.

However, for the insulation of the enclosing walls, it is sufficient to use the PPU layer with a thickness of no more than 10 cm. And thanks to the absence of auxiliary layers (waterproofing, and so on), insulated pie in the case of using foam will be minimal thickness.

Noise insulating properties

According to this indicator, polyurethane foam approaches the polystyrene foam. Much depends on the stiffness to which the insulation is sprayed.

But I can confidently say that the described heat-insulator perfectly protects against shock noises. That is why it is popular with the insulation of roofs with hard roofing (metal tile, professionalist) and frameless walls with outer sheaving sheet material.

Chemical resistance

Polyurethane foam is better to endure the effect of aggressive chemicals than polystyrene foam. The insulation is not destroyed upon contact with:

• oils and gasoline;
• alcohols and acids;
• construction binders and plasticizers.

Even concentrated (up to a certain extent) acid does not damage the layer of insulation.

The material retains its neutrality during the entire period of operation (in contrast, for example, from slag). Therefore, it is recommended to use for insulation. metal surfaces (for example, walls of cabins or marine containers). In addition to protection against heat loss, it will prevent corrosion.

Water absorption

The insulation absorbs no more than 3% of fluid from its own volume. Therefore, it serves not only heat, but also a waterproofer. The exact value of the water absorption coefficient depends on the components used and the mixing method.

In some cases, hydrophobizers are added to the composition of the initial mass, significantly reduced water absorption. Usually the role of this substance plays castor oil.

Fire safety

Construction polyurethane foam used for insulation belong to the following combustibility groups:

Increased fire resistance material is achieved by modifying chemical composition Foam or adding special substances to its composition - flames. The second method is more popular, as it is easier to implement.

There is also a special, fire-resistant PPU. It is used to fire structures. The thin layer of foam is applied on the main layer of insulation, protecting the last from the fire.

Density

Usually the density of insulating foam is between 30 to 80 kg per cubic meter. Although polyurethane foams are 9 kg / m3 density.

You can change the density of the insulation layer by making changes to the adjustment of the foam producing the device. Due to this, the material of different density can be used with thermal insulation of certain surfaces.

The walls indoors are desirable to handle less dense foam, and outside - more dense and durable. So you can reduce the cost of thermal insulation.

Lifetime

The guaranteed manufacturer of components for PPU The life of the insulation layer is 20-30 years. However, studies show that the material does not lose its properties and after 50 years of use.

Therefore, we can safely say that the heat-insulating layer will serve as much as the enclosing structures on which it is applied.

Ecology

Material after polymerization is absolutely safe for the human body. It has a zero level of emissions of harmful substances, therefore allowed to use for internal, and for external insulation.

However, there are two points:

1. When applied, the components of polyurethane foam enter the chemical reaction and distinguished the substances dangerous to humans. Therefore, insulation can be performed only in overalls and with the means of protecting the respiratory and eye organs.

Technical characteristics of polyurethane foam.

Summary

Relying on the above information, you will easily select the material for work. And if I wonder how to insulate the walls in a private house from the inside, you can watch the video in this article or contact the appropriate article in my blog, where there is a lot of information and about the internal, and about external insulation.

Your opinion on the information set out in this material can be left in the comments.

September 7, 2016.

If you want to express your gratitude, add clarification or objection to ask the author - add a comment or tell me thanks!

The selection of insulation for wooden houses, they can be insulated the house outside, and some even inside the house. What types are suitable for frame house? What is the best, consider their characteristics in this article! Correctly spent will not be superfluous in any climatic conditions.

When it is competent, then under her "protection" not only in winter in the house will be warmer, but also in the summer noticeably cool.

Installation of the insulation will create a comfortable microclimate in the room of any destination - in a residential building, office or in the manufacturing workshop.

In addition, heat saving is the obvious economy of finance. It is completely unreasonable to dump the street despite the fact that technologies used today provide the opportunity to make energy resources savings already at the initial stage construction work. Most of all in the use of insulation, those parts of the building are needed, which are more adjacent to the external environment - and.

The material produced by this method has excellent, besides, it is not a fuel, and therefore does not pose a hazard in fire. But the huge part of the wonderful qualities of the insulation may be irretrievably lost during its wet. This should be considered.

Stone wool

Stone Vata.

This fibrous material that comes on sale in the form of rolls and portion plates, and having an extremely low thermal conductivity.

The highest quality product is made from rocks called gabbro-basalt. This non-combustible material is equal to successful in the construction of private facilities and the construction of various production. A wide range of use is also explained by the possibility of its use with extremely high t, reaching an indicator of one thousand degrees.

Complete immunity of insulation to fire is complemented by its excellent resistance to humidity. This is a hydrophobic material whose feature is that it does not absorb water, but repels it.

This ensures that the insulation will still be dry even after a long period of time. This, in turn, will allow it to maintain its high performance. Unique properties Basalt wool make it possible to use it even in boilers, baths and saunas, where large humidity are combined, and high temperature. The strength in this case is not directly dependent on the density of the material.

This is a rather soft material with a sufficient margin of strength. Its structural stability is due to the special location of the individual components of the fibers - chaotic and vertical. The material is characterized by high anti-corrosion properties.

It can be quite peacefully adjacent to concrete and metal, without the occurrence of various kinds of chemical reactions. High biological stability ensures that it is immunity to various biological pests: damage insects and rodents, the emergence of fungal diseases,

Basalt insulation test test, and organic insulation burned

Basalt breed is the main raw material for the production of this type of wool. Processing of formaldehyde resins gives the material sufficient level of strength, and those used modern technologies Guarantee complete elimination of harmful phenols at the stage of production of material.

The final product falling towards the consumer is a harmless and environmentally friendly material with high insulating qualities.

It is actively used for the insulation of floors of residential and industrial premises, for thermal insulation of the roof and facades, including as an outdoor insulation.

It has found wide use of indoors with extreme indicators of humidity and temperature. The best basalt insulation, stone wool made from rocks - a guarantee of high-quality for a long time.

Glass wool

The missing 7% comes to the share of specially added flames. The insulation fibers contain lignin, with increasing humidity done by sticky. All the elements are incoming non-toxic, absolutely not volatile and harmless to health. Cellulose insulation is not combustible, rotting processes, has excellent sound insulation and thermal insulation indicators.

It can hold approximately 20% of humidity, while maintaining their working quality. The material gives moisture outside and quickly dries, keeping all its operational qualities. The disadvantage of EcoWats can be considered the difficulty of its manual application to the surface, as well as the impossibility of arranging the "floating gender" due to its inherent softness.

Penosop

Another name of the material is the foam of the carbamide. This is a modern material with high sound and insulating characteristics, which is a cheap insulation. This is a cellular organic foam with a highly low density and low thermal conductivity. The material has a high resistance of fire, resistance to microorganisms, low price. It is easy to process, the air content reaches 90% in it.

Warming attic Peniosol

The tests carried out demonstrated the possibility of material. It turned out that the time of its operation, as the middle layer of the frame structure, the actual is unlimited. The tests of its fire resistance have shown that the material can be safely attributed to difficulty.

This is the only of the heat-insulating materials of the polymer nature used, which is not at all adapted to independent burning. His indicator of fire-resistant refers it to a subgroup of flammability.

Even in the event of the highest temperature during the fire, when the metal starts to melt, the carbide foam will only become evaporated, and without the release of poisonous or harmful substances.

Izokom.

This is a special folgized material (on both sides or only one). It is a fabric of foamed polyethylene, covered outside well polished aluminum foil. These are multilayer pair-sound and heat insulating material, combining completely different qualities.

For minimum thickness The insulating layer, it provides the remarkable properties of the heat flow reflection, successfully combined with the highest (almost maximum) indicators of thermal resistance. For a properly installed material, it is characterized by an exceptionally effective thermal insulation of the building throughout its contour.

This is harmless, eco-friendly material that is not carrying the threat to the ozone layer. It does not contain glass or other fibers, unsafe for the health of people and animals.

Without changing its exceptional properties, it serves about 50 years, not deformed and without being spoiled during the whole time.

Installation is quite simple and very convenient: it does not need special technique. Excellent protection against steam and moisture. It is applied almost everywhere.

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Consider the main types of insulation for walls.

Modern insulation: polystyolster, foamizol, polyurethane foam, glass gaming.

Wall insulation materials inside: foam

A large foam density increases the growth of its properties such as rigidity, decrease in grain size, strength.

Widespread use is due to the following advantages of foam:

1. Polyfoam (or polystyrene foam) is a completely safe, environmentally friendly material that can be used even as packaging of food, as well as for the manufacture of one-time dishes.
2. Polyfoam does not distinguish with harmful substances during operation.
3. Foam, depending on the brand, has a very low thermal conductivity coefficient in the range of 0.025-0.04 W / m ° C. This is also a material with a very low level of moisture permeability.
4. Polyfoam - excellent soundproofing material.
5. The ability of foam to absorb strikes allows it to be widely used when packing requiring gentle transportation of fragile products (for example, furniture, glass, television, radio engineering, etc.).
6. Polyfoam is durable materialthat allows it to be used in building capital structures. With the correct construction of the construction structure, it saves its properties for 50 years.

The possibility of exploiting foam under load caused by its high mechanical characteristics. This largely reduces the total cost of construction costs (for example, when the design of roofs, floors). It has a very high compression density. Polyfoam can be laid under the concrete tie to the floor. Polyfoam is very convenient in operation. The process of its installation in building structures is not laborious.

For those who work with foam, neither protective glasses or respirators or gloves are not required.

Polyfoam is not subjected to the process of rotting, has antibacterial characteristics, resistant to sea water, main alkalis, acids. Not subject to corrosion. Polyfoam - affordable inexpensive material.

When exploiting foam in construction, it is forbidden to allow its contact with such chemicals as organic solvents (turpentine, acetone, solvent of paints, acetic-ethyl ether); petroleum products (kerosene, gasoline, resin, etc.); Saturated hydrocarbons (alcohol).

Contact with the compounds listed above may disrupt the structure of the foam or dissolve it completely.

Polyfoam is a very good insulation. Most the best way In terms of price. Its use with external insulation of facades of residential buildings makes it possible to reduce heat loss at times. Polyfoam thickness of 12 centimeters in its heat-saving characteristics is equivalent:

• reinforced concrete wall thick 4 meters;
• brick wall thickness 2 meters;
• wooden wall thick 0.5 meters.

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Wall insulation materials inside: foamizole

Penosaol is made from the foaming agent, polymer resin, and orthophosphoric acid. It is produced in a sheet form, as well as a foam, which is poured between the walls directly at the time of their erection.

Foamizol according to the main characteristics and appearance Very similar to polystyrene foam or foam. It is widely exploited and used under different trademarks.

Fenosal today is the only polymer material for thermal insulation, which is not capable of independent burning. This is one of its advantages. He is assigned a G2 combustion group. According to this indicator, foamizol is superior to polystyrene foam (foam) belonging to the G4 group. Penosol under the influence of open fire does not flame, and slowly evaporates. The best option in terms of fire safety.

Material with a fine structure, without large air bubbles, which, during the cutting process, it allows you to crumble only with the walls of bubbles damaged by a cut. Penosol does not possess the smell, it has elasticity, that is, it can restore its original shape with a small deformation.

In foamizol, a very low thermal conductivity coefficient, which is approximately 0.030-0.06 W / (M * K). For this parameter, it is ahead of the foam and mineral wool.

Penosol - vapor-permeable material. It does not lose its qualities from large temperatures and moisture. Excessive water evaporates quickly in vapor form. It happens only in the warm season.

Penosol is the thinnest material at the same heat insulation.

It is very undesirable that Penosol absorb moisture before frosts in the autumn months. The lack of sufficient heat will not give him the opportunity to give this moisture into atmospheric air. This may cause the thermal insulation characteristics of foamosol worsen.

The moisture accumulated in the material at low air temperatures is capable of freeing and disrupting the structure of foamizol. Therefore, the variant of the use of foamizol between the walls in the middle layer of construction is most desirable. If there are areas with impaired integrity in the outer wall, then they need to be eliminated before the onset of cold weather.

To one of the main advantages of foamizol can be attributed low cost. This is a cheap thermal insulation material, and at the ratio of "quality-price" it is ahead of other insulation walls.

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Materials for the insulation of walls inside: Polyurenitan

Polyurethane foam is a foamed plastic. The foamed plastic is called plastic filled mass, air or other gas is used as a filler.

Polyurethan - Durable and light materialWith a unique structure, which is similar to the frozen foam.

Polyurethane foam has the most diverse use in different areas of activity. Its widespread use is due to the possibility of obtaining it at the place of use and ease of receiving the process.

Polyurenenitan is widely used thermal insulation material.

Polyurethane foam withstands critical temperatures and elastic. The material is noise and vibration isolar. It is non-toxic and environmentally safe. Along with this, it has high wear resistance and strength, preserves properties in a rather large temperature range.

If compared with other insulation, the thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam is not associated with moisture, and therefore the material can be used and saved in wet areas.

Polyurethane foam has high strength and low weight, low thermal conductivity and small vapor permeability. Polyurethane foam can be glued to walls or ceiling of any kind.

Polyurethane foam is a fireproof material. This allows you to apply it on any surfaces.

Polyurethane foam, as a heater, protects the walls of buildings from low temperatures, roofing and pipelines. Installation of polyurethane foam does not require experience or special tools.

When working with polyurethane foam, you can not dismantle old coatings. He will protect the building from street noise and create a favorable setting for recreation.

The popularity of polyurethane foam promoted simplicity of production and a small price. The best option in terms of reliability.

Polyurethane foam is used:

• when creating refrigeration equipment: thermal insulation of commercial or household refrigerators;
• when creating refrigeration transport equipment: the heat insulation of the autorsatrier;
• in the construction of a civil and industrial facility;
• for overhaul or in the construction of individual houses and residential buildings;
• in civil and industrial construction: internal and outer heat and waterproofing;
• during the construction of pipeline transport: thermal insulation of gas pipelines and oil pipelines;
• in the construction of thermal networks of settlements;
• in the manufacture of electrical and radio engineering: giving the vibration resistance to electrical devices;
• creating details internal interior in the automotive industry;
• making upholstered furniture;
• in aircraft and carriage;
• in other areas of mechanical engineering.

Heat insulation is an important and responsible process, with which you can make the house warm and save on heating. You can expose the insulation walls, roof, pipes. But for each case there is a variant, technological features which should be taken into account when choosing them.

For the walls of external

Exterior walls is important element Each house, because they are assigned a carrier function and protection of the house from the negative impact of the environment.

Mineral wool

This material is considered one of the most patched walls as outside and inside. Installation of wool is carried out without a pre-layer of vaporizolation between plasterboard plates.

On the photo- mineral wool for insulation

For exterior walls it is worth using minvats in the roll format. And although the material has a low cost, it is very effective in terms of conservation of heat, durability and strength. The disadvantage of Minvati remains its ability to "breathe".

Polystyrene foam

This material is not inferior to the popularity of Minvat and is actively used in thermal insulation outside. The popularity of this material is its high heat engineering and operational data. Read more about you can read in our article.

On photo-polystyrene foam for insulation of walls

The advantages of the insulation can be attributed:

• low heat transfer;
• small bandwidth of steam and moisture;
• easy installation;
• low weight.

Polyurene Foolder

This material for external warming can be attributed to universal. This is due to the fact that the polyurethane foam has a cellular structure. It is possible to use the material for insulation of internal and outer walls. The insulation has a thermal conductivity of 0.0125 W / MK. Polyurethane cells contain air or inert gas. They are hermetically blocked, thanks to which the material has excellent waterprooping abilities.

On photo polyurethane foam for wall insulation

Foamed foil polyethylene

But what a heater for the facade for siding is the best and how to choose it, it is described in this article:

But what a thermal insulation under the facade plaster is the most popular and how is it used, it will help to understand the information

Liquid ceramics

And although this type of insulation today is considered modern, many developers are wary of it. Although the characteristics of the liquid heat insulator look impressive. The thermal conductivity is 0.01 W, and when the material is dried, a single layer is formed, which does not contain joints and gaps.

On the photo-liquid ceramics for insulation of walls from the inside

The main advantage of liquid ceramics is that after applying it does not need to apply the finish. The resulting surface looks beautiful, fine and at the same time performs all the functions that are assigned to insulation. The only minus material is that he has a high price. And what you use you can read in the article.

For roof

When erecting the roof, it is necessary to provide a layer of insulation. But what suitable, now we define.

Polystyrene foam

This material has excellent thermal insulation and sound insulation qualities. But it is impossible to apply it, provided when there is a flat or soft roof.

On the photo is a polystyrene for a roof

This is due to the fact that the material is vapor permanent and fuel. Applying foam, you can create excellent roof ventilation. But how to use, will help you understand the information from this article.

Polyurene Foolder

The main advantage of this material is that it perfectly protects the roof from the penetration of the cold. In addition, it does not affect fire. Polyurethane can be applied to the roof in the most hard-to-reach places.

On photo polyurethane foam for roofing

In addition, with this roofing insulation, you can forget about joints and gaps. But what is the shell for pipes from polyurethane foam, in detail with the photo, is described in this

Foamed glass

This material is considered unique, because for its production, glass production was used in combination with carbon.

On the photo foamed glass for insulation roofing

The main advantages of the insulation can be attributed:

• non-hatching
• not afraid of steam and water,
• not affected by rodents and microorganisms,
• long service life;
• excellent thermal insulation qualities,
• stability deformations.

Ekwata.

To obtain this, the material is used cellulose. It is based on aspirin, thanks to which the insulation does not affect the effect of fire. Since cellulose is influenced by microorganisms, then an antiseptic is used in the production of eco-water.

On Photo Equata for Hearth Roof:

Thus, it is possible to get inexpensive, lightweight, thermal insulation and sound insulation heat insulator. When it is used, a monolithic coating that does not contain seams can be obtained.

For floors, ceiling, pipes

For insulation of such surfaces, as the floor, ceiling and pipes, it is advisable to use a foil heat insulator. Moreover, the foil can be laid on one or two sides of the material. The essence of this thermal insulator is that it is able to reflect infrared radiation. But one foil cannot act as insulation. This is most likely reflecting isolation.

On the photo insulation for the floor:

But the basis for foil can enter such materials:

• polystyrene foam;
• polyethylene with clocking structure;
• stone wool.

Presented materials can produce in rolls, sheets. If it comes to insulation of pipes, the foil heat insulator produces as a cover.

What better to use for a wooden house

Today there are many heat-insulating materials on the modern market that can be used when wearing a wooden house. When choosing, you need to take into account that the wooden surface can "breathe". Otherwise, this will lead to the development of mold and fungi.

For wood insulation, you can use the following materials:

1. Jute.
2. Ribbon panel.
3. Polystyrene foam.
4. Mineral wool.
5. Styrofoam.

Non-combustible species

If you need to choose a material that is not susceptible, but it will perform all the functions of the heat insulator, it is worth paying attention to the following types:

1. Glasswater. This material is characterized by high strength indicators and elasticity. It is actively involved in the insulation of heating pipelines. Glasswater is not subjected to the negative effect of UV rays.

   

   On the photo-non-combustible glass gamble:

2. Ceramzit. Thermal insulator is obtained as a result of clay lung. It is possible to use it when the insulation of complex or hard-to-reach surfaces. It has excellent thermal insulation properties. But what, it is very detailed in this article.

   

   On photo-non-flammable clay:

3. Foamglo. This material refers to inorganic insulation. It has a structure that resembles soap foam. In the production of thermal insulator, stone coal and glass use. Due to this, the foam glass is able to withstand high temperatures. But what is the guest of the ceramzit concrete wall panels, will help you understand the information from

   

   On the photo-non-combustible material of the foam glass:

Foil species

Today you can purchase the following heaters with a foil layer:

1. Minvata.. This material is excellent for insulation of surfaces that are constantly heated to high temperature indicators. Often minvatu involve when laying pipes. But what technical characteristics of the Ministry of Service exist at the present time where it is used, it is described in this

   

   On the photo foil minvat:

2. Foamed polyurethane foam. On one side, he has aluminum layer. The material has excellent insulation indicators, despite the thin layer. It is much more effective than Minvati.

   

   On photo foil foamed polyurethane foam:

3. Foil insulator. On the one hand he has a foil layer, and with another self-adhesive surface. Apply the material as a pair and waterproofer.

   

   On the photo-folgized heat insulator for insulation:

Basalt species

Basalt insulation - This is a stone wool. Material is environmentally friendly and practical. It can be used when insulation of the following surfaces:

Basalt insulation is classified taking into account the density and form form. Each of them has its own minuses and pros. Basalt insulation is produced in the form of a roll, mat or placer.