Another recently adjacent territory of the country area or the garden was addressed by concrete or asphalt paths. Today, the owners of cottages and country houses Increasingly use a durable, affordable and having a great view of paving slabs.

With it, it is possible to make pavement tracks, a place to relax or parking the car, to improve the territory in front of the house. Tile laying technology is quite simple and does not require special skills. Therefore, after studying step-by-step instructions and a video lesson, the track in your garden can be made with your own hands.

Characteristic qualities of paving slabs

With the help of such a material, you can make comfortable for moving and beautiful tracks. Many choose paving slabs exclusively for external appeal. However, it has many more other advantages:

Before proceeding with work, it is necessary determine the type of material. At the same time, those who will make stacking for the first time, you should know that it will be quite difficult to work with following species Plates:

• "Laming";
• "rhombus";
• "brick".

Application of such forms of tile requires certain skills.

Types of paving slabs

Currently, building markets offer two types of paving slabs:

Vibrolite provides for a larger load, which allows you to use it in playgrounds and in parks. If desired, add the design of the country or country plot and at the same time get durable and high-quality track Or a platform, you can stop your choice on this type of material.

Deciding with the type of material and having studied the video instruction, you can safely start styling paving tile do it yourself.

Laying paving slabs: instruction, video

Depending on where the plates will be installed, the material is selected for their laying. It may be solution, crushed stone or sand. For work, you will need to prepare the following materials and tools:

After preparing the tool, you can proceed to preparatory work.

Preparation of the site

High-quality tile laying involves the most thorough preparation of the site. For this, first of all, compiled on the plan Future tracks and marking.

Specialists are recommended to facilitate the base device take advantage of guides. To do this, before starting work, you need to install boards, the height of which will correspond to the height of the "pillow". With their help it will be easier to clean the surplus of sand or mixture.

Step-by-step instruction for laying

Immediately before starting work, it is necessary to determine what scheme the plates will be laid. There are quite a few such schemes. Paving tile can be postponed in the form brick masonry, columns, tree Or come up with your option.

At the end of work on the finished track or platform you can walk vibropyl. With it, you can better push the material and make it a surface smooth.

When laying paving slabs or paving slats, it is recommended to follow some advice of specialists:

With the help of paving slabs on your cottage plot you can independently equip Walking track or excellent recreation area.

To put the material with your own hands, even those who have practically no experience in repair and finishing work. Will help them in this step-by-step instruction And video lesson.

The sidewalk tile is valued for practicality, high strength, durability, moisture resistance and temperature drops. It does not highlight the substances harmful to humans when heated as an asphalt coating. The variety of forms, sizes, colors and the textures of road-building material amazing. Combining different types Products, you can create beautiful coatings. Laying paving slabs requires the strict implementation of all construction rules. If the technology of paving is broken, the coating is quickly destroyed.

It can be vibrolyta and vibropressed. Products are characterized by manufacturing technology. Vibrolic elements are created by the rambling solution on the vibrationtole. In the manufacture of the vibropressed product, the mixture is exposed to pressure with vibration. Vibropressed products have higher strength. Tile produce from concrete mix and clay. The composition adds edges of granite rocks and plasticizers. The most durable is the granite tile. It is made of natural granite.

Products can have a diamond, hexagonal, rectangular, square and wedge-shaped. Popular material "Wave" (with wave-like edges), "clover" (with semicircular protrusions) and "bone" (resembles a coil). There are many ways to lay a diamond tile (hexagons, snowflakes, stars). From rhombuses you can create a coating with a 3D effect.

For creating garden tracks Near cottages and country houses acquire a vibrolyant tile with a thickness of 40 mm. Vibropressed products can be laid on roads with high load (squares, sidewalks). They must have a thickness of at least 60 mm. If laying on the street on the roadway, it is better to use granite tiles. The intensive movement of passenger vehicles will withstand the material with a thickness of 70-80 mm. If trucks are driving on the way, the coating thickness should be 100 mm.

Before buying, you need to evaluate the quality of the tile. There should be no holes on its surface, Zzabrin and Scherbin. When tapping tiles, a ringing sound should appear. If the sound is deaf, you need to refuse to buy. It is not worth buying brightly colored products, as well as those in which there are emptiness. To evaluate the density of the material, you need to ask him to split it. It is necessary to find out how smooth is the surface of the product. If the pavement tile is all the corners on the table, it lies smoothly and does not swing, it is high quality.

Options for laying

Before purchasing paving slabs, you need to select the laying option. On straight and smooth areas, it is easiest to perform a linear scheme. Such a laying technology of paving slabs is the simplest. It allows economically to spend material.

A linear layout can be horizontal, vertical, straight or with a shift. When bias a rows, the coating pattern resembles brick masonry. If you use products of different shades, you can get the effect of the "tracked track". Tile rows are sometimes placed at an angle to the track line. Such styling is called diagonal.

If a diagonal-angular layout diagram is used, a drawing "Christmas tree" or "Braided" is formed. To put the "Christmas tree", the rows of tiles are at an angle of 45 ° to the line of the track. "Braided" bridge, alternating horizontal and vertical laying. The diagonal-angular circuit is characterized by high strength. It visually reduces space.

Tile can be placed by modules of 2-3 elements. Combining 2 colors create a chess pattern. If you use elements of different sizes and shades, it turns out an original chaotic picture. At the local area, a spiral layout looks beautifully. To create decorative circles, it is necessary to purchase material with wedge-shaped elements. The artistic layout is performed from products of different shapes and colors. Selecting the ways of laying the tile, it is necessary to take into account the design of architectural buildings and a homeland territory.

Necessary materials and tools

To perform work on laying, you need to purchase tools:

1. Bayonet and sovereign shovels for the excavation of the soil.
2. Rake to ram the surface of bulk materials.
3. Stakes and rope for the markup of the site.
4. Rubber hammer for alignment of the material (wooden mold with a rubber head).
5. Construction level (1.5-2 m).
6. Roulette.
7. Brush or broom.
8. Stamping.
9. Rubber spatula.
10. Smooth bar for aligning the surface of the layers.
11. Bulgarian (disk with diamond spraying).
12. Scrap to perform dismantling paving slabs.

It is necessary to prepare borders, sand, crushed stone (fractions 10-20, 20-50) or gravel, plastering mixture or cement (M400, M500). To strengthen the foundation of the coating, it will take the reinforcement grille with cells 10x10 or 8x8 cm. Create a coating on a large area will help the laying machine.

Marking of future tracks

To correctly lay out the tile yourself, you must first make markup. Starting work needed near the building, fence or gate. Near the facilities you need to score 2 kial. The distance between them should correspond to the width of the track. The width of the coating is better to adjust the size of the product so that the material does not have to cut. Since the design will be supported by curbs, it is necessary to leave a place for them (10 cm on each side). Other 2 kids are clogged near another building. There are 2 ropes between the waists.

Laying street tiles on a large area is carried out after its partition on the strip 1-1.5 m wide. If the road has bends, it is divided into small sites. The markup of each site is made separately.

Earthworks and protective layer

The volume of earthworks depends on the type of soil. If the soil is dense and clay, it is enough to remove a layer with a thickness of 15-20 cm to remove the roots of the plants. When the ground is loose, it is necessary to remove a layer with a thickness of 30-35 cm. If laying of paving slabs in winter is planned, the trench for paving must be prepared to cold.

Sand pour on the trench surface. The sand is tamped along with the soil. So that the plant seeds in the ground did not germinate and did not destroy the coating, the non-woven canvas are placed on the bottom of the trench. Stripes of material must overlap each other by 15-20 cm.

Drainage device

Proper laying of the tile is not a guarantee of the durability of the coating. Ground and rainwater gradually wash the sand and soil particles, destroying the base of the road. For moisture does not spoil the coating, it is necessary to make a drainage layer.

On the bottom of the trench you need to pour rubbank. The thickness of the layer should be 15-18 cm. Crushed stone is needed good to ravibly and dissolve. From above, the thin layer of sand is added and also rolls up, on which the nonwoven canvas is placed. It is necessary to take care that water flows to the edges of the track. For this make transverse and longitudinal slopes. The pillow under the paving slabs is performed at the last stage. preparatory work.

Placing enclosing borders

Laying the border is carried out immediately after performing the work on the drainage device. It is better to use a ready-made border of concrete. Border blocks are installed near the vertical slope slice along the edges of the road. It is desirable that the top edge of the border is 1-2 cm above the soil level. Otherwise, the tracks will be constantly dirty.

Border blocks are fixed with concrete solution. After laying a border, you need to check how smooth it is. For this use the construction level. If some blocks are installed incorrectly, their position is adjusted by wooden inquiry.

Applied types of foundations

Before laying the platform with tiles, you need to make a base. The underlying layer helps to align the surface of the site. It gives coat stability and increases its strength. A reliable base does not allow the sidewalk to collapse under the weight of people and cars. It protects the coating from the destruction in the autumn-winter period, when ice is formed in its gaps.

The technology of laying paving slabs depends on the method of operation of the coating. If the load on its surface will be a small (pedestrian walkway), it is enough to make the underlying layer consisting of sand and cement. If the package is carried out under the car, a concrete base is necessary.

Concrete

Before concreting, the base is performed by reinforcement. The reinforcement grid is placed on metal or stone stands. Armature must be 3-5 cm above the surface of the trench. Gatzovka for paving slabs is prepared from sand and cement in a 3: 1 proportion. It is better to use river or career washed sand. It should not have clay or lime particles. The solution is uniformly and thoroughly distributed over the trench section to achieve a smooth surface.

It is better to immediately pour the entire track concrete. If part of the work is postponed the next day, the plot is flooded with concrete. It is necessary to cover with polyethylene. The concrete base for sidewalks should have a thickness of 10-12 cm. In order for the cement cushion to be durable, its 3-5 days moisturize. After moisturizing, the concrete is covered with polyethylene. You can lay the coating in 7-12 days.

From sand and cement

The trench falls asleep with a mixture of sand and cement. It is prepared in proportion 3: 1. The thickness of the sand-cement base should be 12-15 cm. The underlying layer is needed to be good and aligned. If the trench depth is too big, it can be reduced by sand. The sand is poured under the base and thoroughly tram.

The paving technology of paving slabs requires that the cement-sand mixture is dry. Therefore, it is better to make the basis directly before paving in dry weather. The cement-sand layer must be laid on geotextiles. If this is not done, the sand will quickly refill, and the tile will see.

Tile processing before laying

Before mounting, the tile must be treated with hydrophobic solution. The tool will increase the frost resistance and moisture resistance of the material, as well as increase its life. Hydropobicators improve decorative qualities and protect against fungal microorganisms. Salt spots appear on the surface treated with hydrophobic surface solution. The material is immersed in the hydrophobic composition, then dried. The procedure is repeated.

During processing, you need to carefully inspect all the elements. Products with defects need to be postponed. When you need to cut the paving slabs to arrange the corners, the defective elements will be useful.

Work on laying must be carried out under suitable weather conditions. The weather should be dry and windless. It is impossible to lay a coating on a sandy-cement base at a minus temperature. When frozen the soil expands, and after the thawing sends. If you put a coating on the frozen soil, after it is thawing it collapses. The rules for laying paving slabs allow you to perform work on a concrete base during a frost, but it is undesirable to do it.

Installation

Paving tile on concrete base fix cement mortar. The seams are completely filled with a mixture. In this case, the thickness of the seams should not exceed 3 mm. Placeing elements, you need to be covered. It is impossible to step on the basis. After laying each row, you need to check the quality of the work performed by the construction level. Elements that are incorrect are aligned with rubber hammer.

It is necessary to lay the cement-sand base, driven by each element with wooden inquiry. The material must securely secure at the base. If the product "fails", you need to pour a layer of sand under it. The gaps between the tiles are filled with a mixture or sand. After performing the work, the coating is moistened from the hose with a sprayer. If the mixture "sink" in the gaps, you need to pour a little mixture into them. You can use the coating in 2-3 days.

Seaming seams of paving slabs is carried out using sand, cement or concrete mix. If sand is used, it must be pre-samped. The cement mixture is prepared from cement and sand in a 1: 5 ratio. When preparing a concrete mixture, cement is mixed with sand in the proportion of 1: 3. Sand and mixtures should be dry. The postpoint layout is carried out using a rubber spatula. The level of the mixture in the gaps should be from 1/2 to 3/4 of the height of the tile. Excess mixtures are sweeping with a broom cover.

After that, they begin pouring the seams. When the mixture is frozen (after 1-3 days), the mixture is poured into the gaps and it is moisturized again. After drying the composition, the procedure is repeated for the third time. It is possible that you have to add a mixture to the seams a few times. You can finish work when the mixture in the gaps will be on the same level with the surface of the tile.

Paving tile at the cottage or in the yard country house It is capable of performing not one decorative function, but also utilitarian. So that she look beautifully and endured the load on it without any problems, it should be competently laid.

Many homeowners prefer that the hired experts are engaged in the process, believing that they should be better fulfilling all the necessary operations. But someone does not trust hired employees, and prefers all important manipulations to produce themselves.

How much is it possible to place paving slabs with your own hands? Make it is quite possible, the main thing is to have step-by-step instructions at hand. It describes in detail the order of all the upcoming operations and the procedure for their implementation.

Before starting work, you need to thoroughly think out and make a plan. It will be a guarantee of a long and reliable coating service. Laying the entire courtyard tile is not too rational and profitable.

But the tracks are needed on any plot - without them it is quite difficult to do. Therefore, you need to calculate the required number of tracks, their size and configuration, so that they combine the residential structure with various economic and other buildings.

Then, in any weather, the household and his households will move along neat clean paths. Yes, and green plantings will suffer much less.

Why paving slabs? This material is increasingly used, both in industrial construction and private.

The advantages of such a pavement are obvious. Installation work is not particularly difficult. The tile does not "float" during the heat and does not burst from a strong frost.

It looks beautiful and not capricious care. The plot lined with tiles well misses moisture, which is also useful for soil, and for plants.

Step-by-step instruction laying tiles

Important comments that will help put the tile correctly

Do not start work immediately after the rain, especially, during it. Soil and pillow must be good. In order for the tile not started to crawl after a while, the humidity indicators must be minimal.

Laying of paving slabs: work course

For work, you will be needed - cement, border, sand and directly tile. Required tools - pegs, rule, rubbing, broom, kapron thread, rubber hammer, trowel and level.

We start with the markup of the site, or rather, with the definition of the outline of the future path.

The platform is celebrated by wooden pegs that are connected by a caprochy cord. It should be correctly stretched exactly in terms of level, as it becomes a reference when laying the tile.

In order to set the basis correctly, you will have to cut and remove the surface of the turf, then align the resulting surface, moisturize and catch the special tamper.

• If the soil is tight enough, then often it does not need such manipulations. Fuggest roots of plants and stones should be removed.
• If the ground does not take off, the path will be slightly raised above the surface of the site. The consequence of this can be its removal of rain or thawed waters.
• The resulting rammed bed is falling asleep by gravel or rubble height of 15-20 cm.
• If the track is designed to move cars, this indicator should be increased to 40 cm. (Under and on gravel can be laid geotextiles).
• For alignment from above, sand is embanked - its thickness should be about 2 cm.

Paving border

Why do you need a border? Its purpose is to prevent the tile spreading and highlight the track. Is it necessary to use?

No, often when laying out the track, the tile cost without additional finishes. The base under the border must be carefully aligned. It is best to place it on a special concrete castle. For paving slabs on a private site, a border of plastic is quite possible.

Preparation of the foundation: Paving slab laying options

The bases for sidewalks can be different - all of their three types. Depending on the type of base type selected, the method of laying tiles changes.

In the sand. The space between stretched cords or curbs falling asleep with sand. The thickness of such a pillow must be 5-6 cm. The sand is well missed and leave for drying, after which they are equal and tamper. The tile is placed on a slightly wet sand (in no case is not wet).

On concrete. Here there may be two options: when the concrete base is already available, and the device is specifically as a substrate under the tile. This method is considered not too rational.

The point is that cement monolith delays water (does not miss it). It accumulates between tiles and base - with severe frost freezes, becoming the cause of the strain of the track.

On the cement-sand pillow. On the prepared base (with the removed, aligned and rammed), another sand layer is poured in 3-4 cm, the reinforcement grid is placed on it. Next, it is placed a mixture of cement and sand in a ratio of four to one.

Shot Tile Stacking Technology

Tile should be started from the lower point in the direction of increasing. Competent masonry should be conducted by the way "from itself".

In other words, making work, the specialist is moving along the already laid trail so as not to subject the danger of damage prepared grounds. If the circular method of installing the tile is used, the events begin in the center of the drawing.

Separate elements of the tile must be placed diagonally, and not even strips. It is easier to lease them in the process. First, by the width of the future path, the rope is pulling along which the initial number of material will be aligned. Every two or three times the correctness of the horizontal is verified by the level.

The tile element is placed on a place prepared for it, and is brought to the right position with soft hammer tapping.

If necessary, the sand can be added under it. A gap in size of 2-3 mm left between tiles is usually enough for moisture leaving. So that the gap had one value all distance, you can use special crosses. But in practice, they usually cost without them.

Laying turnkey tiles: stood seams

In order for your own hands, the track was beautiful and wear-resistant, you will have to take care of the proper processing of seams. They are usually filled in two days.

First, dry sophisticated sand is applied to the freshly prepared path. With the help of a brush or broom, it is spilled over the surface and notice in the seams.

The next layer, which must be messenger on the track - sand-cement mixture or sand. They come with him the same way as first.

Many owners of private houses are interested in how to put the pavement tiles. This finishing material is now very popular for the design of the house territories. Paving slabs allows you to create not only the usual masonry, but also the similarity of a multi-colored mosaic from the elements of the wrong shape.

The main advantages of paving slabs

How to properly put the pavement tiles, not everyone knows. This is comparative new Material. However, the paving tile has become more demanded than the well-known paving slave.

Among the main advantages of paving slabs should be called such properties as:

• low cost;
• simple stacking technology;
• durability;
• environmental friendliness;
• resistance to aggressive influence ambient;
• variety of shapes and colors;
• the ability to create bright and original elements Landscape design.

To put the track or platform with paving slabs yourself, do not require special technical skills and knowledge, only the ability to handle conventional tools. If in the process of laying exactly observe the procedure and try a little, everything will definitely work out.

How to choose a tile

Thick tile (more than 60 mm) withstands the weight of a truck with a full body. Such tiles usually have the form of small bars. This gives facing additional strength.

To figure out how to put the pavement tile, easy. The underlying condition for a novice master is to choose a small width section for the first experiments. Garden track is best suited. Tile is better to choose a one-color, square or rectangular.

Marking of the site and preparation of the basis

First you need to calculate the track or platform area. It calculates the required amount of tiles. Purchase material is needed with a reserve of 10-15% in case of damage. In order not to be mistaken during the calculations, you can draw a plan of the future platform. This will facilitate the necessary computing and calculations.

On the edges of the track need curbs. It will help maintain the integrity of the design. The curb must be a few times the thickness of the selected tile. Putting the tile only on a properly prepared foundation, it depends not only appearance, but also the strength of the structure.

Proper base for sidewalk

To fulfill all necessary work The following tools will be required:

• shovels - Soviet and bayonet;
• pila Bulgarian;
• spatulas;
• rule;
• building level;
• roulette;
• rubber hammer or kiyanka;
• twine or cord, forests;
• master OK;
• rake;
• capacity for the preparation of the mixture.

First you need to schedule the location of the track or site. To do this, pegs on both sides of the route are driven into the ground. They are tied to cord or twine. According to the marked area, you need to be like in different directions to determine the correctness of the markup and the optimality of the location of the site or track. During operation, the markup can be adjusted.

Drainage system

The technology of laying paving slabs with their own hands requires drainage work. An internal drainage is needed on the clay boiled soil with a high location of groundwater. To do this, in the process of earthworks, the required bias is formed, the drainage pipes are mounted for water drainage.

On dry soil, it is enough to make an external drainage. To do this, the paving slabs on the track are placed with a bonding of 2 or 3 ° in the direction of the border. Some of the water will be seamless through the seams between the tiles.

Construction of foundation

Under the foundation you need to dig a ditch. The top layer of the soil is removed to a depth of 20 cm. Removal residues must be removed. The bottom must be aligned and seal. If the soil is very weak, the screed of concrete is styled under the future design of paving slabs. It will strengthen the base and ensure the long-term track or platform.

Concrete reinforcing base under sidewalk

Then the installation of borders is carried out. Between them, pillow from fine-phrase (10-20) rubble or gravel. Bulk material must be loosen and slightly seal.

Borders on both sides of the track must be installed in parallel. The internal space between them should accommodate the required amount of tiles. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the assembly lumets in 2-3 mm. Then prepares a solution for concreting borders. Cement brand M300 or higher and sophisticated sand is taken. Proportion 1: 2.

The gravel pillow at the bottom of the trench is falling asleep with large wet sand, which needs to be dissolved. The thickness of the sand pillow after sealing the sand must be at least 3-5 cm. To control the top edge of the border, you need to measure 1.5 thicknesses of tiles.

Tile on top of the tile. If its position exceeds the desired level of 1 cm, the sand can be ragged. To do this, the finished pillow must be rich in the way and leave for several hours. Tightly tamme. After a day, you can start laying tiles. The main thing is that concrete, flooded under the borders, completely froze.

Laying tiles on sand and crushed stone

Tile is laid in clear dry weather. The wind, rain, dampness make it difficult to lay the styling process and may worsen the result, especially if the masters have no needed skills. The track is laid out in the direction from ourselves, to get up onto a sandy-gravel pillow during operation it is impossible.

Before laying the paving slabs with their own hands, you need to prepare a mounting mixture. For her, dry sophisticated sand shallow fraction and cement in proportion 3: 1 or readypurchased in building materials store.

Laying tiles on cement sandy mixture

So that the track can be dismantled later, the tile must be put only on the sand. The dry mixture or sand falls asleep at no more than 4 cm thick, you need to dissolve the pillow. When dripping, you can use guides from the reinforcement rod, tubes, etc. The mixture is distributed over the working surface by the workshop or robbles and smoothes using the rule.

If the track is narrow, the sand is poured between the curbs and smash a trowel. Using a level, you need to issue a drainage bias. During operation, the master is moving along the length of the track, holding a bucket with sand and tools at hand. On a wide track, the dry mixture is poured under beacons. The height of the lighthouse is reduced by 1 cm through each meter of the width of the future track to ensure the flow of water.

Alignment of the base for lighthouses

Over the finished masonry you need to fall asleep sand and rigid mop to make the grout of the closed surface. Instead of sand, you can use special thicker formulations. The order of working with them is listed on the packaging.

Laying tiles on concrete base

Preparatory work for laying paving slabs on a concrete base is carried out similarly. Initially, the tile is placed on the working surface, covered with sand.

To prepare the solution, use cement M500. It needs to be dissolved with water to the necessary consistency. Stir the solution is better than an electric drill or a building mixer. In a mixture of water and cement, gradually shove sand. It should be 4 times more than dry cement.

When laying on concrete, it is necessary to observe a strict sequence. Tiles alternately removed from the sandy pillow. Over 1 time you need to shoot 4 elements of preliminary masonry. A solution is applied to the released area. It needs to be evenly distributed. Setting the tiles on top of the solution, it is necessary to firmly and slightly press in Cyan. When laying between tiles, installed special struts made of wood to get the required gap. When the entire track or the playground will be posted, it is necessary to remove the residues from the surface.

Some rules for laying tiles

In order for the material to be smooth and beautiful along the entire length of the track, you must especially carefully lay out the initial row of tiles. A across the tracks need to pull the fishing line in compliance with the drainage slope towards the border. At 0.5 cm from the curlers, the first tile is installed. In the longitudinal direction, the laying is controlled by the level.

On the track, the tile is laid on the diagonal and trambed by the Cyonya. Between the elements you need to leave a gap of 2 mm. The laid out a number must be carefully inspecting and immediately correct all the errors. It is usually enough to adjust the amount of sand under repellent or in the warent elements. Exactly laid initial row is the key to the fact that the track will be neat and beautiful.

Tamchka will speed up the work on laying paving slabs

If non-target tiles are assumed in the masonry, they need to be laundered. To properly outline the cut line, the tile must be attached to the installation site. Hoven for metal is suitable for cutting tiles, but the work will go very slowly. Therefore, it is necessary to cut the paving slabs with a grinder. The disc is installed on it diamond. You can use a special knife. You need to work in protective glasses.

Sealing seams and cracks

When the mounting of the paving slabs is completed, it is necessary to close small slots. For this you need to prepare a solution of cement with a high content of liquid glass. This will give the design resistance to aggressive environmental impact. In the mounting seams between individual elements Sand and cement or sand is suited.

Sand for filling the slots and mounting seams can only be used clean. A minor number of organic elements or salts will subsequently lead to the appearance of small flora on the paved area. Plants will spoil the appearance of the facility and reduce its strength.

Sand seal is performed with a hose with a narrow sprayer. The procedure must be repeated several times. Bulk material is added every time. The backfilling density of the mounting seams will ensure the strength and durability of the entire masonry.

Paving slab laying options

Paving slabs allows you to create various figures and ornaments at the local area. You can use ready-made schemes of laying or come up with a variant of the design of the track or platform.

The most common options for laying paving slabs:

• christmas tree;
• network;
• chess;
• random mix;
• circular pattern.

Using multicolored elements of different shapes, alternating laying options, you can create interesting compositions on the principle of conventional mosaic or puzzles.

Geometric laying of paving slabs

Figure laying is better to perform first on the site near the workplace. This will fix individual errors or something to change in advance. When the work surface is ready, the tiles are gradually transferred to it and fit in the desired order.

To lay a tile of a round pad, you need to make a primitive circular from wooden plates with pointed ends. With its help on the prepared area, a circle is delineated over a sand pillow. Next, the tile is laid out from the outer edge to the center of the site.

Use and care

Freshly made path of paving slabs will be ready for use 2-3 days after the end of all works. To remove dust and garbage, the track is usually sweeping a broom and washed with a jet of water from the hose. Deep patterns with bright colors need to be removed more often and carefully than the usual laying.

Sand laid in intercutric seams, as the path or the site is used, is gradually washed away. Therefore, it needs to be lumping as needed. Damaged structural elements (for example, cracked tiles) are easily replaced with new ones.

Paving tile is unstable to mechanical effects, so it cannot be cleaned with an abrasive powder. It is better to apply a sidewalk river sand.

Strong chemicals to remove stains should not be used. A sufficiently weak soapy solution. It is applied with a non-rigid brush and then wash off with water from the hose.

In winter, the snow and ice must be carefully removed without using metal tools. You can use with a rubber tip. It will save decorative tile. So that the track is not slippery, it must be sprinkled with ordinary clean sand.

Paving tile - perfect option For decoration of garden tracks, territory near the house, garage or recreation area. The cost of laying paving slabs is quite high by doing this process with your own hands, you will succeed to save significantly. How to put the paving slabs with your own hands, let's talk later.

Material manufacturing technology and photo laid paving slabs

For the manufacture of paving slabs most often used concrete. The mixture for the production of tiles contains cement, water, plasticizers and other fillers. Significant certain requirements for the manufacture of tiles due to GOST.

In order for the tile in the end, it turned out high-quality and served its owners for many years, it is necessary to accurately comply with the technological process of its manufacture and dosage of materials. In some expensive, clay, granite crumb or polymer sand is also present.

The shape of the tile depends on the preferences of the customer, it happens a rectangular, triangular, square, rhombous, hexagonal, etc. The color of the tile determines the coloring pigment entering its composition. Most often, the tile of sandy, olive, brown or beige color is produced.

How to lay paving slabs: Benefits and Disadvantages of Material

Paving tile is a fairly popular material for finishing the sidewalk. The scope of its use is quite diverse. With it, it is decorated with not only alleys, parks and squares, but also private houses and cottages. This material is distinguished not only by an attractive appearance, but also good performance.

Among the advantages of using paving slabs, we note:

• frost resistance - excellent quality of this material, providing long-term operation;
• environmental safety - in the production of tiles are used harmless to the human body, which in the heating process do not emit toxic substances;
• the duration of operation is another important advantage that ensures the popularity of this material in the finishing process, the tile manufacturing technology implies the use of special pressing, which makes the tile with high strength and resistant before mechanical damage;
• the tile does not need additional care, it is easily clean and purified by water;
• resistance to moisture and other irritants of the external environment provide the possibility of laying tiles on the street;
• aesthetic appeal - another important advantage of this material, distinguish the tile of different sizes, colors, textures, while it is used for both domestic and industrial purposes;
• the available cost is ensured by the cheap materials included in the tile.

However, this material is characterized by such disadvantages:

• the presence of seams between the tile leads to the fact that the dirt is accumulated in them, worsening the appearance of the coating;
• ice, which accumulates on the tile in winter, makes it slippery;
• if not to follow the technology of laying material, the tile seats occurs in certain places, it is necessary to dismantle it and stack it again;
• if a tile with high porosity is selected, moisture accumulates in it, which in the future with severe frost destroys the material.

Major types of paving slabs

Before putting the paving slabs on their own step by step, we recommend to familiarize yourself with the varieties of this material, since the laying technology for each type of tile is individual.

First of all, the paving tile is solid and pressed. The sphere of using each of these tile options is diverse. The cast tile is used in the process of arranging the territory in front of private houses, and the pressed - in the process of decoration of urban parks, squares, tracks, etc.

In the technological process of manufacturing the tile, dry composition is used by vibropress or vibration. We offer more details with these processes:

1. Vibrolite implies laying concrete composition in a special form, installing them on a coating, constant vibration. After the end of the composition in shape, it is removed from the surface and is installed in the oven for twelve hours, while holding back at 385 degrees. To improve the quality of tiles to concrete composition, various plasticizers add.
2. The second method of material processing implies its vibropressing. The concrete composition is placed in molds that are installed on a constantly vibrating table. Initially, the matrix is \u200b\u200binfluenced by the press on it, then it is compacted under the influence of vibration. After making the composition of the necessary form, the matrix rises, and the tile remains on the table.

For the further use of the tile, it is necessary to wait for its complete frost. The injection molding method of manufacturing tiles is cheaper and easy, it does not need additional equipment and technological processes. Therefore, cast products are distinguished by a variety of colors, shapes and colors.

Note that the tile is a rich color is implies use in the process of its production. large number Dyes. This factor is negatively affected by the performance characteristics of the material.

Vibropressed tile is more expensive, as specialized equipment is required for its production. This block of tiles is distinguished by greater frost resistance, moisture resistance, there are practically no pores on it, but such a tile does not differ in a variety of colors and shapes.

How to put the sidewalk tile - general information

The method of laying paving slabs depends on its purpose:

• functional - laying of material on office roads, pedestrian walkways, in front of private houses in places with increased operational load;
• decorative - the manufacture of beautiful patterns from the tile, original structures, etc.

In the ratio with the base that the tile is stacked should be noted:

• the sandy foundation - needs a thorough traam, is used on pedestrian walkways, not suitable for vehicles on it;
• the use of dry - cement-sand mixture, it is well helped by the formation of a durable base, which is like a parking finish;
• the use of a cement-based adhesive solution is this method of mounting paving slabs the most expensive, but also the most reliable, initially the base is made with concrete, then the tile on special glue fit.

How to put the paving slabs on the sand

Most often, the shape of paving slabs is rectangular. There are many schemes according to which the laying of tiles are made - the most popular of them: a Christmas tree, brick or laying in the form of columns. Paving slabs won popularity due to the ease of its installation. Properly laid tile will serve its owners for more than a dozen years.

The type of base that the tile is placed is determined by its thickness and purpose. In any case, initially need to be removed at the base of the soil at 15 cm, align it and equip a slope for water drain.

Then follows the process of tamping the site with the help of sand. For this, sand, as falling asleep is moistened and trambed well. Special attention is paid to the thickness of the material if the tile is intended only for movement of pedestrians, then sufficient thickness of 2 cm, otherwise, the value increases to 4-6 cm.

Before laying the paving slabs on the sand, prepare materials in the form:

• sand, the amount of which depends on the total area of \u200b\u200bthe styling;
• paving slabs;
• border elements;
• cement;
• the hammer of ordinary and rubber;
• steel peg
• shovels;
• level;
• bulgarian.

After the formation of the slope area of \u200b\u200bthe site on which the laying of the tiles should be divided by the area on the strip. However, the strip must be leveling the width of the rules. In order to divide the site, use pegs and threads. Next, the site alignment is performed using sand.

After that, the process of direct laying of tiles follows. In order to cook sandily cement mix, It is necessary to connect sand with cement in a six-to-one ratio. Note that the sand should be moistened. It is recommended to carry out work in the autumn-spring period. The prepared composition is evenly distributed on one lane, carefully tamping. Next, under the thread, which distinguishes the area on the zone, the steel pipe is installed. After a thorough alignment of the site, the tiles are laying with sandstop-cement. Install the first tile from the angle, thoroughly align it in the ratio with the markup. Touch it with a rubber hammer. In the same way, put the second tile. Start work from yourself, thus laying the tile, you will move on it.

If there are any obstacles on the site, it is capable of whole tiles, and then customized at the end of work. After the work is completed, the tile swells from the sand. To fill the slots between the tile, the same solution of sand and cement is used in the six to one ratio. All slots must be carefully filled.

Stop the square paving slabs are easiest. For trimming the tile and its fit, use a grinder and a diamond spraying disk. At the edges of laying tiles, install borders. To fix them, a thick concrete solution is used. In the presence of areas that are subject to a special load, for example, near the gate, it is preferable to lay a tile on a concrete base.

How to lay pavement tiles on a concrete base

Sometimes situations occur when you have to lay paving slabs on a pre-flooded concrete base. This method of laying provides greater material strength. By tile, laid on a concrete base can travel and heavy machinery.

Initially, the layout of the laying area is marked. Next, it is necessary to initially install borders, after calculating the place of their location. If the border height is about 50 cm, then it is placed in a 25 cm trench, with 10 cm of trenches should be covered with rubbed, 15 mm of trenches is poured with concrete solution, then the curb is mounted in such a way as to contribute moisture from the tile.

If the base is subject to high operational load, then before filling the concrete layer, it is recommended to produce its reinforcement. Stop paving concrete tile should be compliance with all technological nuances. For the surface reinforcement, a mesh is used, the thickness of the cells of which is 15 cm.

For additional moisture removal from the tile, it is recommended to equip special drainage openings. For these purposes, a tube from asbestos is suitable for sections, the height of which is about 150 mm. On one square meter One piece of asbestos pipe is installed.

This is followed by the process of preparing a concrete solution, which covers a section of 15 cm, in the event that there is no reinforcement on it and 20 cm, in the presence of fittings. When pouring a large plot, three meters it is necessary to leave gaps for the temperature seam. For this, the boards are installed, then after setting the concrete, they are taken out.

24 hours after the fill, a wooden formwork is removed, and the drainage holes are filled with rubbank. In order for the tile well to hold on the surface, it is placed on a mixture of sand and cement.

To mix them with each other, use the concrete mixer. The thickness of the sand layer is about 10 cm. Vibratinglitis or toptuch is used for the composition of the composition. Watch for the presence of a slope on the surface, to provide a stack of water. A rubber hammer is also used to fix the tile. Starting work follows from the curb, gradually moving towards the upper point of the site. With the help of the surface, the surface is checked on evenness, the tile is fitted with the use of rubber hammer. To fill the seams between the tile, the same sand and cement is used. Through these moisture seams, it will fall into drainage holes and e will accumulate in the tile.

How to lay a sidewalk video tile: