Before starting the development of lightning protection for your home or cottage, you need to figure out what is a thunderbreaker in principle and how to organize its installation. Lightning conductor is a system of conductors who remove the electric discharge into the ground so that it does not harm the protected object. The task of any grinding is to protect the building from getting lightning. On this video with a threshold in action, you can feel the entire power of the elements.

Metal roof is most dangerous

Lightning Protection Pledge - Complex Approach

Lightning protection of a private house is a wide enough concept. First of all, it is divided into two subspecies: external and internal. Only an integrated approach and the correct device of both external and internal protection guarantees the safety of the house.

The outer component of the lightning protection is a grossival. Depending on the design of the lightning game, there are several varieties:

• rod;
• cable;
• reticulate.

The most popular view of the grinding for a private house is a rod. This is due to the simple design and ease of manufacture with your own hands. The cable lightning separation is one or more metal ropes stretched on the supports above the roof of the house. No less effective type of lightning conduction is a mesh design. This is a metal grid with a grounding that rides the roof over the entire surface.

Lightning protection device

Inner lightning protection must protect the house, his tenants and everything that is in it is from the consequences of the lightning strike. The discharge of such power cannot pass without a trace, even if there will be a good threshing on his way. A super-power electromagnetic field is formed, in which all conductors are in the zone of action, most often - engineering communications: gas pipeline, water supply, heating system. There is a strong overvoltage.

For internal protection of the building and electrical appliances, a special apparatus is set - the overvoltage limiter or the ultrasound is a device for protection against pulsed overvoltages. This equipment in a complex with high-quality outer lighting protection will make a house protected from lightning strike.

Internal lightning protection is also important

What is the lightning result

In order to properly design, make and install protection against thunderstorms in your home, you need to figure out which elements it consists. Lightning conductor in a private house consists of several components:

• lightningness;
• clake separation;
• ground.

Simple language, the principle of operation of lightning protection can be described as follows: Lightning message "Collects" all the zippers in the zone of his action and directs them on the current entry into the ground.

Lightning message - that part of the threshold, which the first takes on a lightning strike. The most common option of self-made bulbs is a rod type. Depending on the size and configuration of the house, it can be installed on the roof or on a separate support.

Rod lightning game on the roof

The current is a conductor who sends lightning to the ground. It is a copper, steel or aluminum wire. The main condition - the current sequel should not come into contact with other metal parts of the house.

Ground - metal rods that remove the current into the ground. Most often, the earthing has the appearance of three long profile segments in the soil. Between themselves they are connected by a triangle. All elements of lightning protection in a private house are connected to each other with welding. If there is no such possibility, use a bolted connection.

Preparation for self-installing

The simplest stage of the organization of lightning protection is its installation. Preparatory work are considered more responsible: calculations, choice of place and materials. Lack of critical errors At this stage guarantees 60% of success. That is why it should not be understood as the importance of thorough and scrupulous training.

Lightning strikes

Formula for accurate calculation

It is not necessary to assume that any long fitting trimming, installed on the roof of the house and connected to the earth will protect the dwelling from the lightning strike. Gromotka - the design is quite complicated and extremely responsible. Before making a lightning loss in a private house, it is necessary to produce all the calculations, assess the risks and take into account all the smallest nuances.

To calculate, it is not necessary to study the manual for the electromechanic and remember the Rule of the Brascover. Task - Choose the necessary size of the threshold to ensure protection for the area you need. If you accurately calculate the action zone according to formulas, you can achieve a defense of 98%, which excludes lightning in the house.

If we are talking about the lightning loss of the rod type, which is ideal for protection small house Or cottages, protection zone has a cone form. The calculated methods obtained coefficients that are used to determine the necessary height of the threshing.

h \u003d (RX + 1.63HX) / 1.5, where H is the height of the rod lightning conduction; HX is the height of the protected building; RX is the necessary radius of the protection zone at the level of the upper point of the protected building.
This formula is faithful for thunders with a height of no more than 150 m, which is more than enough for the device lightning protection of a private house.

Sprinkle protection zone

Choosing a Material Material

Before making a threshing at the cottage or at home, you need to decide on materials. Metal for manufacturing is important. To date, it is made of steel, copper or aluminum. The difference in the resistance of these materials determines the different necessary cross-sectional area.

To display the properties of all three species clearly, the data are entered in the table:

Minimum sizes of conductors when using different materials

From the table it is clear that copper copes with the task. Cheaper to make a raw rod with their own hands from a steel profile. The current has a smaller cross section, rather than the other elements of lightning protection. It will correctly be gradually increasing its thickness from the lightningness to grounding. It is best to use the same metal for the whole design.

Copper - the most reliable material

Place of installation of the gross and earthing

It is equally important to choose the right place to install. The threshing should be the highest point on the site. Do not forget about the protection zone in the form of a cone. Watch your entire home to get into this zone. It turns out that the farther from the house is the protection, the higher it should be.

Of the economic considerations, it is wisdom to have a rapid loss on the roof of the house, then you do not have to spend money on an additional construction of a high support. Professionals do not recommend installing lightningness in the center of the roof, it is better to fasten it on one of the walls. So the likelihood that on the path of lightning will be some element of the roof declining.
Separately, you should think about the placement of the grounding. At that moment, when the discharge of a huge power will go to the ground, no one should be near the earthing. Therefore, the minimum distance from the grounding circuit is limited to the wall of the house - 1 m, and to pedestrian tracks and sidewalks - 5 m. Position the ground in a secluded place, make a fence or install a warning sign.

Support must be securely fixed

Algorithm for installation of a lightning conductor

After all required calculations Completed, the installation location is chosen, and the right amount of suitable material has been purchased, you can begin the construction of lightning protection. Installation is made in several stages. Earthms are preceded by the main installation work. Detailed instructions On how to make a thunderbank in a private house can be viewed in video:

Video: Landwear of a private house

Mandatory grounding work

Despite the fact that the threshing is located on high supports, it should be started from the ground. First of all, you need to escape a pit for grounding. Before making a threshing at the cottage or on panstoneDecide with the ground type.
A closed form earthing is three metal rods welded by a triangle using a metal strip. For this type of grounding, you will have to pull the pit of the corresponding shape and depth. Linear ground type requires a trench. Ground electrodes are installed in one line and connected with welding.

For a closed earthingman, the pit will look like

Do not dig a pit in a depth of equal to the length of the electrodes. It is enough to deepen in the soil by 0.5-1 m. The earthing rods will still need to score to the ground. Analyze in what place the tank will meet with the ground and connect this point with the location of the ground by a deep trench.

The internal lightning system must also be grounded. The shield is connected to the ground with a long wire, which is paved under the ground. For these purposes, you need to dug another trench connecting the future earthing with overvoltage protection device.

Take care of the soil. So that the current is easy to go into the ground, the soil must have a high electrical conductivity. Sand soils cannot boast such a property. Often the soil in the ground area is artificially impregnated with salt solution to raise this indicator.

Order of the main work

Grounding design is simple, but must meet all the requirements of reliability and safety of operation. As a grounding center at home, use several long steel profile segments: corner, strip, pipe. They are connected to each other very firmly welding. Material for the earthing should be taken with a large margin. Being underground in a wet environment, the metal is easily corrosive, rust, destroys and decreases in size.

Grounding a private house

Install the lightning bundle in the selected location. It should be stable and durable so that the lightning protection does not fall and broke away from the strong wind before the thunderstorm starts.

Prepare the rod lightning game of the desired length, which you calculated by the formula. If you have no one long section of metal rolling, nothing terrible. You can connect the welding of several parts. If you took a hollow tube as a gross roller, drown out its edge metal cork and brew. Install the lightning message on the support.

Lightning message need to securely secure

The wire of the suitable diameter and length must be very securely connected to the lightning message. Instead of thick wire, you can use the steel strip. It is also flexible enough and not worse copes with the discharge discharge along the ground contour.

The current must be isolated from the metal parts of the roof.

Check the grounding contour along the entire length not in contact with the metal parts of the house. As you know, the current moves along the path of the smallest resistance. Incorrect organization of lightning protection can let the discharge of lightning in 200,000 and in another direction.

Copper current

The current should be welded to the earthing man not only at the place of their compound, but also along the entire length of the entry, leaving the soil. Eggs will score to the ground, and the pit and all the trenches are poured.

Regular lightning care

Lightning conductor - construction made of metal. And the metal is extremely poorly tolerates aggressive impact. ambient. In order for your threshold to be covered with rust and not lost its properties, it is necessary to check and check the system regularly.

Initially, at the installation stage, all bolted compounds need to be insulated and protected from corrosion by a special composition. Repeat this procedure follows annually. Welded connections need to be covered with paint to protect.

Check the system along the entire length

In the spring, before the start of the season of thundering rains, it is advisable to conduct a visual inspection of the entire contour, check the contacts, if necessary, clean them from oxide. Bad contact in the bulky circuit is very dangerous and can cause opening of the system or fire.

The underground part of the lightning protection should also be controlled. This can not be done annually, but at least once every three years. The earthing and the current deduction is diverted and checked for damage and corrosion destruction. Sometimes rust so "eats" the metal that some earthing elements have to be changed.

It is important to understand that it is better not to establish protection at all than to do it illiterately. When it comes to such high voltage and current strength, any error can become fatal. If you are not sure about your abilities and doubt that you can install a threshold in a private house with your own hands, it is better not to risk, but ask for help to professionals.

"From the Sumy, no one is insured against the prison, but from the blow of the zipper - especially. After a dazzling outbreak and deafening roar, the most pleasant thing is to get rid of light fright and delight from experienced impressions. Not good if electronics burns in the house. Even worse when the fire happens. It is completely unacceptable - man's defeat with a blow of lightning. Conclusion Simple: We make a lightningwort!

Shock lightning to the house can not be called beautiful

Lighting options for a private house

You can call three main types of lightning parameters by type of construction:

• rod lightning game;
• in the form of a grid;
• cable lightning game;
• roof coating as a slope.

Pins lightning message can be purchased or done by

Lightning message in the form of a rod is most famous and distributed. There are industrial products with finished fasteners. Lovers will create with their own hands to really make an elegant design that decorates the building. In any case, the pin from steel must have a cross section of at least 70mm2, and 35mm2 is enough for the product. Thus, its diameter can be 7-10mm.

The length of the rod may vary within 0.5-2m, while he must perform at least half a meter over all objects surrounded by the building. The rod lightning game takes a charge at one point and is particularly effective when protecting small buildings.

Lightning message in the form of a mesh is comfortable for a large roof

Lightning message in the form of a mesh is made of wire with a diameter of about 6mm. The photo can be assessed as it looks like in practice the design of this kind. There are already ready-made structures with a cell size of 3-12m. Lightning protection of this kind is convenient to use on the roof of a large area. To prevent fireplace from fire, the lightning message is mounted at a distance of 0.15m from the surface of the roof.

Cable lightning game is conveniently placed on the skate

Under the conditions of the private house more convenient in the use of lightning game in the form of a cable. It is mounted on the rod of the roof, consolidating in two supports on opposite frontones. The combined version is possible when the plotting lightning equipment is installed in the mentioned supports in addition to the cable.

The cable must have a diameter of more than 5mm and mounted on a safe height of the roof. The design of this type is usually applied on the roof with a non-metallic coating.

Folding roof as a lightning game

The metal roof roof, under certain conditions, can also act as a lightning game. In this case, the thickness of the metal tile, professional flooring or galvanized sheet should be at least 0.4 mm. It is tempting to protect against thunderstorms without applying additional materials.

In practice, it is difficult to do it, since under the flooring there should be no flammable materials, while the lamp is most often done from the tree. Moreover, it will be necessary to ensure the connection of the current with each individual sheet of coating, which is laborious. This option is suitable for a folded roof, where metal sheets are already securely connected. The inflammation of the crate at the same time is impossible if the coating is laid on the metal crate.

How the current is working

Ideally, for the design made by your own hands, the material of the lightning message, the current and the earthing machine must be one and is connected by welding, that is, steel. Such a solution ensures reliability and durability of protection. In practice, it is possible to use galvanized and copper elements, as well as different materials. Their compounds ensure the use of clamps with bolts and nuts.

Clake on the roof, on the wall and base of the house

The reservoir of steel in the form of a rod or strip must have a cross section of at least 50mm2, the conductor from aluminum allows for a size of 25mm2, and the copper wire can be used with a cross-section of 16mm2, which roughly corresponds to the diameter of 8.6 and 5 mm, respectively.

The current is placed so that it connects the lightning game and the earthing driver along the shortest path. It is not allowed to perform sharp bends, which can lead to a spark discharge and ignition in this area. For the same purpose, the conductor is placed at a distance of at least 100mm from the surfaces of the combustible materials of the walls and other elements of the construction.

Requirements for the earthing

The earthing is several metal rods scored in the soil and interconnected by a horizontal strip using welding. The strip is displayed on the surface of the Earth and welded to the current. How to equip a grounding contour, described in detail in the article "How to make a ground 220V and 380V in a private house with your own hands - a device and all sizes."

This looks ready for checking the earth loop

Note that it is not recommended to use a protective earth contour to connect a lightning conductor. In the case of the use of a common earthing at a thunder discharge on the surfaces of household appliances, a hazardous voltage may occur. To protect wiring and household appliances In a private house from a lightning strike on the introductory shield, protection devices for pulsed interference (uzip) are installed.

Grounding for lightning room is not closer to 5m from the porch and the tracks and the horizontal connector is plugged at least 0.8m. This is necessary to reduce the likelihood of people's damage in the case of a thunderstorm discharge.

Protective zone of thundering

Do not feed the illusion that there is a grossival on a neighboring house or located near the metallic tower completely secure your dwelling from the lightning strike. The protective area of \u200b\u200bthe threshing has completely concrete boundaries. In any case, at the cottage will have to arrange your own lightning protection.

The size of the protected zone is determined by the height of the placement of lightningness

The safety cone, created by rod lightningness, has an angle of 45-50 °. This rule is valid at the height of the placement of lightning protection to 15m. The above sketch demonstrates that at an angle of 45 °, the radius of the protective zone is equal to the height of the top point of the rod above the ground level. With the value of 50 °, the protection zone will be slightly larger.

Thus, the higher we place the lightning message, the more it turns out the area of \u200b\u200bthe protected surface. In any case, a private house should fall completely into the zone of protection cone. It is very desirable that all buildings in the yard are protected by the same rule. Thus, it is convenient to place a lightning game on the roof of the house. Fasten the pin is easier on one side of the building than in the center, while the likelihood of lightning falls into the roof is reduced.

In the case of a large plot, it may be necessary to install another bulky. It can be mounted on a special mast.

Mount the lightning protection with your own hands

First of all, it is necessary to choose a lightning game in accordance with the foregoing recommendations and existing materials. On the roof of the country house is the easiest way to mount an ordinary steel pin. Galvanized pipe or aluminum rod will work even better. When using the nozzle, its upper end should be drowning.

If there is a piece of cable of the desired length and diameter, it is not difficult to stretch it along the skate. On the roof of a large area more efficiently use the variant in the form of a mesh. Lightning message of any design should be consolidated so that it is not broken by the wind.

Consider: the electrical contact of the entire system is easier to provide, making all three components of the lightning conduction from one material.

If you do not mean welding, the current is easier to perform from a thick copper wire in accordance with the recommendations above. A reliable connection with lightning equipment can be provided with galvanized clamps with bolts and nuts. Practically secure the conductor to the supports of the drain pipes.

Dimensions of the grounding contour in the form of a triangle

The grounding contour is best to equip there, where the likelihood of finding people is the smallest. It is also advantageous to place it in a place where moisture is always present. This will improve the contact of the ground with the Earth. It will not be superfluous if you have a warning sign next to it. The bolted connection with the earthinger is better to perform above the ground on the base of the building, and contact in the ground to provide welding.

After installing the entire system, the electrical connection from the lightning parametest to the ground can be monitored by a multimeter. The impedance of the grounding circuit can be checked only by a special device. Its value should be no more than 10 in the event that the presence of people is possible nearby. For separate lightning game, installed distance from far away, the grounding resistance should not exceed 50.

Standard Earth Resistance Measuring Device

At least once a year it makes sense to check the integrity of the entire system visually. Once a few years, it is necessary to dig ground and estimate the degree of corrosion of the metal. If the rods in the ground have become noticeably thinner, they must be replaced.

Why do you need lightning track

Some are not very competent developers think that the metal pin attached to the skate will attract all the zippers along the cylindrical circumference above it and on the wire to remove them into the ground. For this purpose, a piece of rods near the house is specially buried. Such ideas are very far from science, a metal pin, stuck in the ground near the house and tied to the rod on the skate, will not bring any benefit. Why?

1. Where to find such a wire that would sustain a current by force 500000 a and voltage of 10,000,000 in? It is such a category that has zippers during a meeting with the Earth.
2. Why, in principle, attract lightning and direct them on the wire, risking to light the structure due to overheating of the current?
3. What to do if on cottage plot Several buildings of various floors? Would you have for everyone to make a bulky system?

Output. It is necessary to mount not a gross loss, but a lightning result. All actions should be directed not to attract lightning, but on the contrary, to create conditions that minimize the likelihood of its ingress.

Lightning conductor protects the structure from the dropout of zipper

These are very complex calculations, simplified formulas give a big mistake. Sometimes it is not possible to perform the initial technical conditions, the reasons may be several, some of them are objective and cannot be human influence.

When you need to mount a threshing in a private house

Again, it is necessary to remember a little theory of lightning - it will be clearer to the action during the installation of a grossing. Lightning can be several types, but we are only interested in the direction cloud-earth. At the initial stage, streamers appear, which are later connected and form stepped leaders. It is they brightly shine and rapidly sent to the ground.

Lightning Earth-cloud

As the eclectic field voltage increases, the eclectic field voltage on Earth increases, all electrons having in it are rushed up and at the highest point throw away the response streamer. It connects with the leader, the chain closes, the electric discharge goes into the ground. The channel heats up to 20,000-30000 ° C, the air expands and creates strong sound waves (thunder).

Now it will be clearer when it is necessary to mount lightning tracks.

1. If the land in this area has a large number of ions. Such zones are located in the overwhelmed areas, they can accumulate a large amount of charge. Please note how often there are lightning in your area, talk with old-timers. If they cannot remember the cases of lightning into any objects, then mock the lightning discharge is there any necessity.
2. The house is located on the lands capable of accumulating the charge, lightning strikes in this area are not uncommon. Installing a lightning conductor is required, but it is necessary to strictly follow the installation rules and perform preliminary calculations.

It is worth taking care of the protection of the house from Lightning

How the bulky is acting

An effective lightning protection system is aimed at minimizing the direction of stepped lightning leaders in the building location zone. And for this there is the only condition - the electric potential of the Earth in this area should be minimal and necessarily much smaller than on the neighboring. This task must be performed by lightning tracks. They are constantly, and not only during a thunderstorm, electrical charges are sent to the atmosphere and thereby significantly reduce the potential of the voltage. The conditions for the appearance of counter-tape drives disappear, lightning finds other points of removal of energy.

Important. If zipper got into the threshing, it means that it is mounted incorrectly and instead of benefit, it makes harm.

Behind the blowing lightning follows fire. And better to warn him than to stew

The size of the protected area depends on the amount and quality of ground pins, it is they collect electrons and send them to the vertical pin of a lightning conductor. From there, electrons are gradually moving into the atmosphere. Due to such a continuous process, the potential under the house decreases and the likelihood of lightning into it is automatically minimized.

Now that the principle of operation of the lightning conduction is clear, the tasks of each element of the system are clear, you can start setting the protection of the house.

Step-by-step installation instructions

As already understandable of the above, lightning protection must be mounted only in a complex with an effective grounding, otherwise the system will not function.

It is recommended to commend to work only after calculating the number, sizes and location of the grounding. Only qualified specialists can perform such calculations. By the way, they should, after installation, check the grounding efficiency with special devices (megommeters), firing indicators will be unsatisfactory, it will have to be corrected or completely redo.

The roof on which lightning protection will be installed

Step 1. Bend the wiring beef assignment, collect two halves of skate holders.

How to beat the mustache

How should the item look like

They are made in this way that with the help of adjusting holes and screws, it is possible to change the main parameters. Elements can be firmly fixed to the skates of various sizes, while the reliability of the attachment remains the entire period of operation, spontaneous unscrewing is completely excluded.

Fixation of elements

Step 2. Secure current holders on the skate. If you buy a lightningwide system of industrial manufacture - excellent, it has all the items needed to install the equipment. You can make them independently, but for this you will need extra time. In addition, handicraft holders significantly lose in design form and do not adorn the building.

The distance between them is about one meter, it is necessary to ensure that the wire does not touch the roof coating. Try to mount with the same step, so the system looks much better and does not have a negative impact on the appearance of the house.

Practical advice. On the roofs always work with a safety rope, especially for metallic coatings. If there is no possibility to purchase industrial climbers equipment, make it elementary independently.

Trucks (nuts) Tighten strongly, use horked keys or passatages. Remember that then correcting the allowed error is difficult, you will have to get on the roof again. Pay attention to all vertical racks for installing the wire located strictly on the same line.

Tightening nuts

Step 3. Start laying the wire on the skate holders. It should be smooth, the diameter is calculated by a specialist, but in most cases it cannot be less than 6 mm. It is desirable that the surface of the wire is covered with a layer of zinc, the operational characteristics are significantly improved due to this.

Wire mount in holders

1. The wire is not covered with rust, brown drums appear on the roof. Traces of rust much worsen the appearance of the structure.
2. Due to the fact that the wire does not rust, the resistance indicators remain unchanged for a long time. And this is a very important parameter of any bulky.
3. In places of compound, resistance decreases, during operation it does not impair physical and electrical characteristics.

It is not necessary to save on the quality of all elements of lightning protection, otherwise the effectiveness will be insufficient, the money for the acquisition and installation can be considered vain in vain. Clearn the wire with special tongues with the provisions.

Step 4. Speakers beyond the rod of the wire, bend the end of the wire at right angles, leave a piece with a height of about 50 cm, excessive cut with special laying.

Step 5. Fold threaded connections with special mastic, if not, you can use ordinary solidol. Mastic additionally protection metal surfaces from oxidation. The fact is that during the twisting of the zinc nuts on the thread breaks down due to strong friction, and the discoveries of the metal requires protection.

Mastic or solidol

Step 6. Getting Started with Wires on Skates in the Longitudinal direction. Here the installation technology depends on the type of roofing material.

Practical advice. There are situations when, on the draft threshold, one wire is required to transfer from the front slope to the rear. At the place of intersection with the skate wire, they are recommended to connect, use for this bolted tie elements. Thus, you will achieve reliable contact of the current.

Step 7. Screw the brackets to the edge of the chute system, the wire is fixed with bolts. Connections Tighten with greater effort.

Brackets are screwed to the edge of the drainage gutter

Method of laying currents

Mounted on the house the tank attachments joins grounding.

To connect the current-flowing treadmill of a lightning grid with a grounding agent, use the clamp of the cross with the separation plate

Check-out control clip

Making grounding

It is very important element Thunderns, as already above it was reported, only a specialist with special education should calculate the parameters. He must know the resistance of the soil, its composition, intimacy of groundwater and other source data. On the basis of calculations, the material is selected for the manufacture of metal pins, distance and quantity, the depth of injection for each ground. Depending on the size of the house, the specific location of the grounding agents is selected.

For what lightning lighters ground

1. The steel pins the cross-sectional area should be at least 80mm2, has a copper 50mm2. It should be remembered that steel, and copper at different speeds are oxidized, and oxides negatively affect the conductivity indicators. The cross section and surface area of \u200b\u200bthe rods should be selected with the reserve, and the measurements of resistance are made annually. When critical values \u200b\u200bachieve the critical values, it is recommended to reflect and purify the rods from rust.
2. Trench depth of at least 5.0 m, length of at least three meters. These indicators are largely dependent on the physical characteristics of the soils, the decision is made by a specialist at the work site.
3. All the loot connections are better to make welding, the clamps quickly lose the initial values \u200b\u200bof the resistance. Welding is made necessarily on both sides, a seam length of at least five centimeters.
4. Professionals are advised instead of round pins use a metal strip with a thickness of at least 1 mm and a width of about three or four centimeters. Such a metal is not only cheaper, but also significantly increases the time of operation of the threshold due to the large area of \u200b\u200bcontact with the ground.

Do or not to do the threshing is the case of each developer. Strict requirements are installed only for state buildings and premises with a large number of people. There is no accurate statistics on the performance of the system, no one knows how many lightning managed to remove from the building and what is the effectiveness of the device.

Now you know how to properly mount the threshing in a private house. But once again we remind that before starting work, it is necessary to carefully analyze all the factors affecting the likelihood of a lightning strike into the structure, and only then take the final decision. In order for the setting of the thunderbreaker to give the expected effect, the roof of the house must meet the existing construction standards. And how to achieve this, you can read on the pages of our site.

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The presence of thunders on the site is simply necessary. Lightning is a pulse of an electric current of considerable force arising due to accumulation in thunder clouds of charge. The strength of the current in this case is capable of reaching 200,000 A - such powerful zippers are rare, but with force to 100,000 and occur regularly. The threshing in a private house does not interfere with the emergence of lightning, he only assigns it, a preventing house from a fire. The discharge, passing through different materials, causes the release of thermal energy, which causes fires and destruction.

About Lightning Hands

As for the threshold, it consists of:

• lightning message (intercepts the lightning charge);
• current (needed to drive current into the ground);
• the earthing (creates a reliable contact of the device with Earth).

Lightning conductors can be installed both near the house and on it - this is shown in the photo. Individual parts of the house can serve as partitions. All elements of the lightning conduction must be from one metal.

Lightning message

As a lightning message, a steel rod is usually used, which should rise above the house. The cross-section area is 50 mm2, this value can be compared with wire-rod with a diameter of 8 millimeters. Also used copper rod (cross section area 35 mm2), as well as aluminum (70 mm2).

It is allowed as a lightning message to use individual parts of the construction, such as metal roofing, metal fences and drainage pipes.

The metal roof should be a single holistic element without breaks. The thickness of the coating layer should be 4 millimeters for the roof of iron, 5 millimeters - from copper, 7 millimeters - from aluminum. There should be no insulating layer on the surface of the coating (the exception is anti-corrosion metal paint).

As a lightning game, the metal roof is a farm connected to the rest of the reinforcement.

Fencing or drainage pipes can be used if the cross section of a more recommended value.

Toko separation

It is advisable to use such sections: for copper - 16 square millimeters, for aluminum - 25 mm2, for steel - 50 mm2. The tank should go from the lightning message immediately to the ground through the shortest path. It is worth avoiding a large number of turns under an acute angle, otherwise a spark charge may arise between neighboring sites. As a result, fire will occur.

Typically, the current is represented by an uninsulated metal strip and wire-rod. During the construction of a brick house, a toko separation can be laid both inside the wall and outside. If the walls are laid out of a combustible material, the setting of the bullet should occur so that the minimum distance is 10 centimeters to them - better more. In order to improve the contact with the walls, metal brackets are used.

Ground

For the creation of the grounding, steel (cross section area is 80 mm2) or copper (cross-sectional area 50 mm2). Ground design is pretty simple. To create it, they dig a trench with a depth of 0.5 meters and a length of 3 meters, drive up at the ends of steel rods and combined them with welding.

The design welds a removal to the house to attach the current. Then the entrance is adjusted to the bottom of the trench, while painting the welding location. When it is arranged, it is necessary to respect the distance in a minimum of 1 meter from the wall and 5 meters from the porch and the track.

Installing thunders

Lightning conductor is a bare conductor with a maximum cross section and a large area, protected from corrosion. It is usually made from galvanized steel or copper wire, although sometimes dural and aluminum use. High-quality lightning lines exit from galvanized steel corners, as well as from the tinned copper wire. Such structures take on the charge of lightning and direct it on the cable to grounding. Commerce can not be isolated and painted.

Lightning consumers can protect the cone from the lightning strike with a tilt angle of 45-50 degrees. The higher the thunders are for giving, the more with a larger area they can divert zipper. It follows from this that the height on which the lightning conductor is located is equal to the protected area horizontally. If the lightning loss is located at an altitude of 15 meters, it is able to take zipper within a radius of 15 meters.

Well, if there is a tree next to the house. In such a situation, you can fix the lightning track on a long six from the metal, and then attach to the tree clamps from the synthetic pala to the tree - in order not to damage it and not prevent further growth. In addition, the lightning track must be raised to such a height so that the house fell into the area of \u200b\u200bthe protective cone.

If the tree does not grow nearby, you can connect the grinding device with a television antenna. Such masts are usually created from metal and not painted - they are beautiful lightning lines. If the television antenna is wooden, along it is allowed to wire or bare wire - it is recommended to use 3-4 pieces. At least one wire will be blown in the wind.

Mast 1.5-1.9 meters high (from skates) are installed on each front of the house. It can be both wooden and metallic. Between masts stretch a thick wire on insulators. At the same time, it is necessary to firmly connect the wire with grounding. Such a thunder has creates a zone of good protection against lightning around the house.

How to make grounding with your own hands, video example:

Reliable grounding can be ensured only if there are groundwater on the site. Even if a huge piece of metal is burned into the ground, the dry soil will not allow the current well. In order for the threshold in action to be effective, it is necessary to determine the depth on which the Earth never dries - it is so much to deepen the grounding. Sometimes for moisturizing the soil to the ground of the ground, the drainage of precipitation from the roof is applied.

The threshing does not require special care. It will be sufficient once a year, in the spring, check, in what condition are metal connections. They must be securely connected. It is recommended to use copper or brass pads, swing the end of the wire with special copper or aluminum contacts or to make solder.

In how to make a ramp in the country, there is nothing complicated. The main thing is to accurately follow all the advice and carefully calculate his height so that he can provide home reliable protectionAnd also combine the design elements well. In the summer, do not forget to maintain constant humidity in the grounding site.

Sometimes the owners of private houses are thinking about how to protect themselves and their home from the impact of lightning. After all, there are regions where the intensity of the thunderstorm is from 80 hours per year. Therefore, there is a need to install a grossing. And this may require additional expenses. But you can always make a grossival at the cottage or in a private house with your own hands.

It should be understood that any threshing will act only at a certain distance and protect only the space around itself. It is necessary to establish it in such a way that all the buildings on the plot entered this zone, thereby ensuring their protection against lightning.

There are a degree of reliability of the threshold - type A and type B. In this case, we are talking about the protection zone. The first type protects by 99.55% and is defined as the most reliable, second - by 95%. There is a term "conditional boundary of the zone" - here reliability will be the weakest.

Zone protection can be calculated. The parameters will depend on the type and height of the thunder. Suppose it is mounted by a single bullet-rod, having a height (H) of 150 meters. If you submit this with the help of a circuit, then the grinding zone looks like a cone. Consider formulas and calculation example:

Knowing the height of the thunder, you can calculate the values \u200b\u200bof R x, R O and H O.

For zone BUT The calculation will look like this: H O \u003d 0.85h; R O \u003d (1.1-0.02) H; R x \u003d (1.1-0.02) * (H - H x / 0.85).

For zone B.: h O \u003d 0.92h; R O \u003d 1.5h; R x \u003d 1.5 (H - H x / 0.092).

Where h o is the height of the cone, R o is the radius at the ground level, H x is the height of the building, R x is the radius at the level of the building height.

This formula can also be used to calculate other unknown. For example, we need to learn the height of the thunder, but we know the value h X.and R X., then for type B, the calculation will look like this:

h \u003d R x + 1,63h x / 1.5.

It is not difficult to carry out such a calculation, but it will be a guarantee that your home is reliably protected from thunderstorm lightning strikes.

Device

In order to build a threshold, the following items are needed:

• lightingnessman,
• clamp,
• ground.

LightningPreight Looks like a metal rod. It will rise above the roof and take straight lightning strikes, providing protection at home and withsting high voltage load. It is best for the material that the steel strip or round, having a cross-section area of \u200b\u200bat least 60 sq.mm. There are also requirements for the length of such a zipper - the rod must be greater than or equal to 20 cm. Place it exclusively in a vertical position. As a place, it is best to choose the highest point of the building.

Toko separationit is a thick wire with a diameter of 5-6 mm. Galvanized steel will be a good material. There is a cecopder in a place where Znight may alone. For example, such a place can be a horse or the edge of the front. Clapotrifice is attached not entirely to the building. It is necessary to retreat the distance of 15-20 cm. If we are talking about the roof of flammable materials, then it is necessary to be especially accurate and be sure to leave the gap. As fasteners You can use brackets, nails or clamps.

Ground We are needed to go to the ground. When choosing a material, it should be borne in mind that this element should easily carry out an electrical charge, so it is worth choosing that material that will have a minimal resistance value. It is located at some distance from the porch of the house - at least five. Also do not have it near the tracks and other places where people can often be located. To finally make sure that he will not bring anyone harm, it can be stopped by a fence. It is necessary to retreat from the earthing agent at least 4 meters, having a fence by radius. With good weather in it there is no harm, but during thunderstorms to be near him can be dangerous. As already mentioned, the entrance is installed in the ground. But to make a decision as deeply to put it, it is necessary for each case individually. The criteria for which they do are as follows: the type of soil and the presence of groundwater.

For example, for dry soils with a low level of groundwater, it is usually mounted from two rods whose length is 2-3 meters. These rods must be fixed on a jumper with a cross section of 100 square meters. Further, the workpiece is fixed with welding on the current and immerse at least half a meter.

If the soil is wet or peat, and the groundwater is close to the surface and there is no possibility to score the earthing agent by half the meter, then it should be made from metal corners, which are immersed in the ground horizontally depth of 80 cm.

Rolling robes with their own hands

If we are talking about multi-storey construction, then experts perform the installation of the thunder. Such structures also have a radius of protection zone, which allows you to place them on each building. Before installing, they check whether the building falls under the protection of already existing bulbs or it is necessary to install a new one.

At the cottage or in a private house, such issues are solved solely by the owners themselves. There are factors for placing a building that can to some degree to protect you from lightning. For example, if the house is located on the relief in the lowest place. In addition, to make a blow can be located next to your building, which has a greater height. And the threshing lossed on the house of the neighbor may remove you from trouble. Therefore, it is impossible to be firmly confident that the house on which it is not, is subject to danger.

If you inspected your and neighboring sites and found such protection, it is best to worry about its creation on their own. Much danger is at home, as roofing, which are used or steel sheets. For attractive external species Hiding the problem of lack of grounding. As a rule, such a roofing coating is mounted on a tree shap or rubberoid, which helps to accumulate the electrical charge from the atmosphere. Supplement such a device may be discharged after a thunderstorm with a normal contact with a person, passing a current of several thousand volts. No need to forget that lightning can give a spark from which the tree is so easily flammable.

To protect yourself from fire and fatal outcomes, the ground must be foreseen every 20 m. In the case of a metal roof, you can do without a lightning one. The roofing material itself will become excellent lightning.

Tree as a gross

Save the building from the charges of lightning can not only install the grinding on the roof. It will help and install it in a high tree, provided that it is at a distance of at least 3 m from your home and above it 2.5 times.

For the construction of such a design, a wire with a diameter of 5 mm will be needed. One end of her end must be buried in the ground, welding to the earthing man. The other end of the wire will be lightning apart. It is placed on the top of the tree.

If there is no high wood on the site, then the mast with a lightning-sensor and two rods made of metal, which are installed on opposite ends of the roof. In this case, the drainage is used in this case. It is important that it is made of metal. But here should not forget about the earthing device.

IMPORTANT: When installing the earthing, its resistance electric Toku. There must be no more than ten ohm.

Whatever the method of installing the grossing you not chose, it is worth remembering that its high-quality installation will provide you comfortable accommodation Only if you periodically check its condition. For proper work It is necessary to trace that all connections are not broken.

Country houses are usually built of combustible materials, and the fire station is far away. Yes, and you can drive not to each structure, but from a strong wind, accompanying any thunderstorm, should not be expected anything good.

Sometimes whole country villages will be burned from the impact of lightning.

We will tell about how to make an effective lightning track and to negate the risk of direct ingress of the "heavenly discharge" into the house.

From where the lightning appear

Simplified process physics can be described as follows: the lightning source are cumulating clouds.

During thunderstorms, they turn into peculiar gigantic capacitors. On the upper positive part in the form of ice crystals, a huge positively charged ion potential accumulates, and in the lower minus region, negative electrons are collected in the form of water droplets.

During the discharge (breakdown) of this natural battery between the Earth and the thunderstorm cloud, lightning appears - a huge electric spark discharge:

This rank will always be on the chain of the smallest local resistance to electric current. Fact well-known and verified. Such resistance is usually the high-altitude buildings and trees. Most often it is in them and a lightning strikes.

Lightning trap do it yourself

The idea of \u200b\u200ba lightning conduction lies in the arrangement near the house of the minimum resistance site so that the lightning discharge is passed on it, and not in structure.

If you are missing at the dacha, the lightning track - it's time to think about its construction. The cheapest and easiest way to make it is to do everything yourself. What should I know for this?

So, the lightning track (threshing) is a lightning protection device (lightning protection), which ensures the safety of the building and the lives of people in it, from the devastating effects that may arise in a thunderstorm with direct zipper.

It is protected from corrosion, bare conductor - that is, well-conducting electrotox material as many squares and larger cross section (minimum of 50 mm²).

Lightning conduction is assembled (threshing) from thick copper wire or steel rod, pipes of the desired cross section or from steel, aluminum, duralst rods of various profiles, corners, strips and so on.

Steel materials are better to use galvanized. Since they are less susceptible to air oxidation.

What is the grazing of: device

Lettering (threshing) of the simplest construction consists of 3 parts:

Lightning message.

Coter (descent).

Ground.

We will tell about each element in more detail.

Lightning message

Lighting message - a metal conductor fixed on the roof of the building or on a separate support (tower). Structantly divided into three types: pin, cable and mesh.

When choosing a zipper design design, focus on the material that covers the roof of the house.

1. pin (or rod) Lightning device device is a metal vertical rod towering over the house (see the drawing below).

Suitable for the roof of any material, but preferably still for a metal roof. The height of the pin lightness is not exceeded 2 meters. And he is fastened either on a separately standing carrier support, or directly on the house itself.

Materials for manufacture:

Steel pipe (20-25 mm diameter, with a wall of 2.5 mm thick). Its upper end is either flattened or brewed under the cone. You can also make and weld to the top edge of the pipe a special plug in the form of a needle.

Steel wire (8-14 mm). Moreover, the tank must be exactly the same diameter.

Any steel profile (for example, a corner or strip steel is at least 4 mm in a thickness and 25 mm in width).

The main condition for all these steel materials is a minimum cross-section of 50 mm².

2. Znight-timing cable device is a skater stretched at an altitude of up to 0.5 m from the roof of a cable with a minimum cross section of 35 mm² or wire.

The steel galvanized rope is usually applied. This type of lightning game is suitable for wooden or slate roofs.

It is fixed on two (1-2 meters) supports from wood, or metal, but insulators need to be installed on metal supports. With a current, the cable is connected using spot clamps.

3. The mesh device of the lightning parametest system is laid above the roof of a mesh with a thickness of 6-8 mm. This design is the most difficult on execution. It is used for roofs covered with tiles.

4. Well, it is very rarely used by a lightning protection device - this is when metallic protrude as lightning parameters constructive elements Home (roofing, farm, roof fence, drainage tube).

All the considered structures of the lightning parameters are reliably connected using a tank welding and through a totor with a grounding agent of one-or two-turn weld of a minimum of 100 mm in length.

Toko separation

The current (descent) is the middle part of the lightning conductor, which is a metallic conductor with a minimum cross section for steel 50, for copper 16 and for aluminum 25 mm in a square.

The main purpose of the current is to ensure the passage of the discharge current from the lightning parametest to the earthingant.

The perfect way to pass the electric cooker is the shortest direct directed strictly down. Avoid when installing the lightning conduction turns under an acute angle. It is fraught with the appearance of the spark discharge between the near-locked areas of the current deduction, which will lead to inevitable ignition.

The most running material for a toottener is an uninsulated steel wire-rolling or strip. It is carried out only on non-heat surfaces. Metal brackets should be installed on combustible walls, which are themselves in contact with the combustible surface protect the current.

The minimum distance from the wall to the current 15-20 cm.

It is necessary to pave it so that there are no points of contact with such elements of the house, like a porch, entrance door, window, metal garage Doors.

We know that it is better for combining the parts of the lightning room with a better welding, but if it is impossible, a coupling with a earthing and lightning game is allowed using three rivets or two bolts. The imposition length of the current to other parts of the system during the rivet compound is 150, and with a bolt - 120 mm.

The end is not galvanized wire-rod and the place of fastening the wire current to steel items to ensure reliable contact you need to be cleaned, and galvanized enough to wash away from dust and dirt. Then at the end of the wire make a loop either a hook, put the washers on both sides and as much as it can be tightened with a bolt.

Connection locations (if it is not welding), moreover, it is necessary to wind into several layers with a tape, then a coarse cloth, over to twist with thick thread and cover all the paint.

To improve contact, you can handle the ends of the wire tin and solder.

Ground

The earthing (grounding electrodes) is located in the ground, the lower part of the lightning conduction, which provides reliable contact of the current and soil.

How to equip the grounding, described in GOSTs and SNIPS, but for the most simple version of at least one meter from the edge of the foundation and not closer to 5 meters from the entrance to the building, you have a P-shaped design of metal conductors.

With the task, an ordinary earth contour is able to cope (it is done for household electrical appliances).

This is 3 scored and buried electrodes, interconnected at the same distance with horizontal earthing. Putting a grounding design follows the maximum level of soil freezing. From 0.5 to 0.8 meters in depth.

For the earthinger take rolling steel with a cross section of 80 mm, less often copper with a cross section of 5 o mm in a square. Vertical grounding electrodes are 2-3 meters long, but the closer the groundwater level, the more shorter.

If the soil on your dacha is constantly in a wet state, it will be enough for a meter or half-meter pin.

What depth to score and how many electrodes will need to be found in the energy service at the place of residence.

It must be remembered that the quality of the ground depends on the size of the ground contact area with the soil and the resistivity of the soil itself.

The lightning conductor is needed separately, you should not ground the lightning message on the household outline. We categorically do not advise experiment. Fraught with consequences.

We offer to watch video with a visual installation scheme of lightning protection:

According to regulatory documents, for private residential buildings, installation of lightning protection systems is optional. And only you decide the question of the feasibility of mounting the lightning conduction (threshing) at the cottage. We hope that the article will help make the right decision.

bydom.ru.

We protect a private house from lightning - a review of a good thunder

Reliable grossing on the country area will not only protect a person from the bearing lightning, but also a house from fire, especially if it is wooden. A good lightning protection system from the earthing, a toko separation and lightning game is consisting. Next, we will tell you the readers of the electrician himself about what all the elements of the system should be and how to make a gross loss in a private house with their own hands!

Principle of operation of the system

To begin with, we will deal with how the lightning protection of the private house works and what is needed to create it. Visually see all components of the system elements you can on this scheme:

As you already understood, the metal rods on the roof are lightning parameters, which are distinguished by a dangerous discharge on the ground through the current and special ground.

There is an opinion that if there is a telephone tower near the house, you can not make a thunder in a private house. It is incorrect, because It is better to spend a little bit of time and secure full protection from the impact of lightning. In order for you to know what a lightning result should be and how to make it properly, we will consider the features of the choice of each of the elements of the system.

Brief overview of the installation of lightning protection

Components of protection elements

Lightning message

The main task is to correctly choose a lightning game, which should provide full protection dacha house In the zone of its action. To date, a pin, a grid, cable or roof itself can be like a lightning receiver. Let us consider in detail the features of the use of each of the options in a private house.

As for the pin, there are ready-made products from manufacturers who have a suitable shape and comfortable mount. As a rule, the metal manufacturing metal is copper, aluminum or steel. The most appropriate and effective is the first option. In order for the receiver well to cope with its task, its cross section should be at least 35 mm2 (if copper) or 70 mm2 (steel rod). As for the length of the rod, in living conditions It is recommended to use receivers with a length of 0.5 to 2 meters. Pins are convenient to use in order to make a gross loss on a garden house, a bath or another, a small building.

Metal grid Also can be sold in a ready-made form. As a rule, the mesh lightning message is a cellular frame of reinforcement, 6 mm thick. The size of the cells can be from 3 to 12 meters. Most often, this option of lightning protection is used in apartment houses and large buildings, for example, shopping centers.

The cable is more practical at home and copes with the task better than the grid. To make a gross loss in a private house using a cable, it is necessary to stretch it along the roof (s) on wooden bars, as shown in the photo below. The minimum cable diameter for lightning protection of the building should be 5 mm. As a rule, this option is used if you want to make a lightning room with your own hands on a house with a slate roof.

Well, the last option is a roof as a receiver, can be used if the roof of the residential house of the root of a professional flooring, metal tile or other metallic roofing material. With this embodiment, two important requirements are presented to the roof. First, the metal thickness should be at least 0.4 mm. Secondly, under the roof there should be no flammable materials. It is possible to make a gross loss in a private house with a metal roof much faster and at the same time saving on the purchase of special lightning games.

We draw your attention to the fact that if you use the grid, its installation should be carried out at an altitude of at least 15 cm above the roof!

Toko separation

A 6-Milmeter wire made from copper, steel either, either aluminum is used as a privacy for a private house. It is necessary to connect with a lightning game and a wire grounding system should be bolted or welding.
The only thing, but very important requirement for the current - it should be isolated from the environment and go to Earth on the most shortest path. As for isolation, the use of conventional cable channels, which also apply, if you need to make an open wiring in the house, use the use of conventional cable channels.

Ground

Well, the last element of the grinding - grounding contour. In order not to make the material too voluminous, we allocated a separate article for this question - how to make grounding in a private house. We recommend reading the information so that you know all the subtleties of this stage.

In short, it can be said that the earth contour should be near the house, but not in the pleasure of the site, but, on the contrary, closer to the fence. The decomposition of the charge on the ground is carried out by metal rods, depicted into the soil at a depth of 0.8 meters. All rods are better to place the triangle scheme, which is just shown in the photo:

So, we got acquainted with the components of the elements of lightning protection on the roof, now we will look at how to properly make a threshold with their own hands.

Reliable grossing at the cottage - video lesson for creating

Instructions for manufacture

In order for you to be clearer, how to assemble the ruling system of a private house in a single whole, we provide step-by-step instructions with the photo examples:

Video instructions for assembling lightning protection professionals

That's all the technology of creating a lightning protection system. As you can see, make a gross loss in a private house with your own hands is not at all difficult, the main thing is to correctly produce settlement work. We recommend that you have to view the video instructions in which all stages of installation of the lightning conduction are considered in more detail.

Similar materials:

samelectrik.ru.

Thunder rods at the cottage. We make lightning protection with your own hands.

There is a common view that wooden house Does not need to be protected from lightning. They say, the tree is not a conductor, opposite the dielectric, and the height of the roof is small, so there is no thunderbank in the country. Such a sort of misconception is dead in the literal sense of the word, since zipper in dry weather is as rare phenomenon as the lightning ball. But in a thunderstorm, when there is not a tree at all from a bucket, the conductor of electricity is not a tree, but the water that is dangerous to dielectrics to life.

On these photos, the consequences of a rare phenomenon are the names we do not know. It was just a strong thunderstorm, and despite the fact that the house is supplied with lightning protection, not it appeared as a circuit-receiver, but the perimeter of the roof of the roof (it is metallic). All automata turned off, but so far it happened, the author managed to make several photos. This is a TV with a satellite antenna, which is at an altitude of 2.3 m from the ground on the wall, and it seems to be at all at all lightning.

At first, Zipper introduced himself, and showed itself
After that, lost with the picture TV.
After that, the picture disappeared, but the receiver was still alive by going to the factory setting mode.
After that, the house was completely de-energized, and how would the case left the mystery. The photo was made on mobile, so as you understand, the process was not instant. Get, turn on, take a picture, etc.

The receiver had to repair - burned down, at the same time the ordinary antenna (meter range) was injured, in two places, the catchment was burned. Three LED lamps burned out. All incandescent lamps survived. The fire did not happen, damage to the electrical wiring, too, thanks to the correct grounding and lightning loss. So there is a thunder in the country, since we know too little while about lightning.

It was a preamble, and now about what and how to make with your own hands to avoid such cataclysms.

A little theory about the practice of lightning protection

We are proud of practical knowledge about the electrician, but do not believe that scientists have already understood what lightning is that there is a spontaneous discharge of atmospheric electricity. In the idea that electricity produces clouds, which "rub each other" we also do not believe. But we know that the practical methods of protection are, and they have long proved their effectiveness. On this aspect and focus, adopting a pair of laws of thermodynamics for the theoretical model, and even reading about the discharge in a rich gas environment.

In this model, the discharge will occur between the point of the greatest potential (somewhere in the clouds) and the nearest point of the minimum potential. Note that this is exactly what happens in the overwhelming majority of practical cases. Therefore, we take for the right model of the grossing at the cottage the conditional point above the roof, which, being a tip of the speculative hemisphere, will cover the whole house.

The radius of this hemisphere is set not to the height of the country's threshold, but the capacity of the potential that it is capable of accepting and donning to the ground (the potential of which is relatively infinite). In fact, the radius of such a hemisphere is the depth of grounding, and we have left to understand how to choose materials to go to the task, how to make lightning protection with your own hands at the cottage.

Preparatory work in the arrangement of a lightning conductor

In the preamble, it is described about what can happen in a private house, which is equipped with a lightning conductor, if two errors are made. The first is that the receiving a lightning conductor next to the antenna may have given its effect. A second, more coarse error, was the constant cross-section of a lightning conductor throughout. Simply put, the same strip goes from the metal band of the receiver to the ground. High altitude.

A lightning receiver may be thin, his task to throw a fishing rod and expect a bow. But the lower and closer to the ground, the discharge line, the "thicker" it should become. A very thick conductor must be swapped into the ground. That is from the roof to the ground we go, increasing the cross section of the lightning room.

So, we make lightning protection with your own hands at the cottage, without resorting to the help of specialists.

1. We determine the height and configuration of the roof, mentally covering it with a hemisphere from the top point of the threshold, which is done on your dacha.
2. The radius of the hemisphere is determined as a cross section of 5 square meters. per 1 meter of height. That is, the thunderbank at the dacha in a height of 12 meters (for a square house) should have a section of 12 x 5 \u003d 60 kV. mm. This is a string of 1 cm with a thickness of 6 mm. We clarify that this is the minimum permissible value for a point in which the trumpet of the receiver will be welded to the discharge channel. That is, the lower this tape will be descended, the thicker it should be.
3. Determine the point of fastening the pipe of the lightning receiver. Chimney not the best way - It is better to fix the pole on the wall, slightly increasing the height, how to allow a powerful discharge to beat into the roof center. Digging a hole for grounding, most often a triangular form, as for grounding.
4. The hest height, the depth of the pit and the metal cross section in the pit is estimated on the principle - the more, the better, but without fanaticism. If you do too high a pole and a very good pit with a grounding, then your cottage will collect all the zippers in the district. Take the percentage of 10 from above - it will be enough.

Do not go to the ground a few Armaturin! Copy pit, weld together several metal rods, we are convinced of the strength of welding, the welding location is covered with protective compounds and after that you jamma.

Having finished the preparatory work, we make lightning protection with your own hands:

• On the sixth fix the metal bar. It is advisable to install a fan at the end (the old metal brush is suitable);
• Screw connections, having previously thoroughly shining the locations of the contacts, connect the ribbon and lightningness;
• Make sure that the lightningness and tape does not contact the roof - if necessary, put insulators (there are a penny and fasten with conventional scores);
• Ribbon is lowered along the wall to the ground level and weld to the ground contour. Place of welding with protective compositions;
• We check the lack of adjusting the tape of the removal to the wall, check the insulators, connections and bury the pit with a ground;
• In no case are you trying to save and on the same grounding to suspend the land of electrical wiring!

Our threshing is ready at the cottage. It remains to wait for the cataclysm to check it in action.

Some nuances of the arrangement of the threshing at the cottage

Iron for some reason rusts, especially in the ground. It is possible to cover the grounding of the protective composition, but it is more correct to take a thicker piece of iron. Corner 120x120 thickness 12 will rust in the ground 40 years, without losing the conductivity relative to the entire contour of the lightning protection.

Additional impregnation with the flame retardant composition of wooden walls along the entire lightning line will be very useful and not excessive means of protection against fire.

Before choosing specific place For the pole with a thunderbreaker at its dacha, go around and look at the high trees and buildings around. The right place will be there, where the most from the closest points of the highest points. Further!

The whole complex of work can be done in a day, maximum for two. This is not the hardest task, it does not even require special knowledge. But it requires scrupulusity and care, so do it with your own hands, not attracting mercenaries. You want to protect yourself, and not get assurances that you are protected.

obelektrike.ru.

Lightning protection of a private house with their own hands: Materials, scheme, instruction

Home and cottage gardener calendar June home and buildings do it yourself

Lightning hit in unprotected private houses and trees, unfortunately, are not uncommon. The presence of lightning protection in the country is necessary - it will disclose the discharge into the ground and will help save your property, and sometimes life. We will tell you how to make a threshold with your own hands, using priests and tools.

How to protect a private house

Lightning reception can be:

• Rod - pinned on a metal pin (on the roof, near the house, on a growing high-trees near the house). Through metal wire pin connects with the grounding system. Such a lightning result looks aesthetically, but the area of \u200b\u200bthe coating is not great. Calculate the area of \u200b\u200bprotection to them simply: from the upper point of the pin you need to mentally drag the line to the ground at an angle of 45º. All that will be in the triangle area around the perimeter - protected from lightning strikes.

Moting of rod lightning protection

• Cable - its feature consists in several masts (two or four), interconnected steel or aluminum wire. Such a lightning result is more efficient and covers the protection of a large area.

Cable lightning game on the roof of a private house

These two types of thunders are most common and applied in private houses and at dachas, as the design is simple, and the installation is not difficult to spend their own hands.

Lightning protection elements

Any kind of bulky system consists of three mandatory elements:

• Lightning message. In the rod lightning, this pin, fixed above the chimney at least 1 m, in the cable - wire connecting masts on the roof. The metal roof can also perform the role of lightning game, if the coating thickness is 4-7 mm.
• The current is one of the main elements of lightning protection. It is copper (D 16 mm²), aluminum (D 25 mm²) or steel (D 50 mm²) wire.
• Grounding is a system of metal rods interconnected by a conductive material. It is located underground at a depth of at least 80 cm.

Materials and tools

For the construction of lightning protection, they will need with their own hands:

• Lightning message is a pointed pin. A television mast or radioanten can be used, you can also buy a lightning message of one of the leading manufacturers: Schirtec, Obo Bettermann, J Proste, Galmar;
• Copper, aluminum or steel wire of the recommended section;
• Pins, pipes or metal ribbons for grounding;
• Mast (bed);
• Plastic fastenings;
• Tools (hammer, drill, shovel).

Installation of cable lightning conductor

At the first stage of the installation of lightning protection, it is necessary to pull the wire on the skates of the roof, which will serve as a lightning game.

Mounting Scheme of Code Lighting Reception

If the roof is covered with igniting materials (wood, plastic tile), the wire must be at a distance of 10-15 cm from the surface on special plastic mounts. The ends of the wire are fixed to metallic masts (horizontal lightning games), or bend vertically.

Installation and fastening of lightning game

The current is attached to lightningness by welding, bolts or rivets. Connection location isolate. On the roof, the current is fixed with brackets, on the walls of the house - plastic fasteners. Wire can be placed in the cable channel to avoid the negative effect on it atmospheric phenomena.

Clake from the roof of a private house

The grounding system is mounted at a distance of at least 5 m from the house, tracks, benches. Nearby should not be located for children's games and animal walking. Grounding works only in wet soil, which also needs to be considered when choosing a place.

The order of the lightning protection device:

• Dig a trench to the depth where the soil is always raw (at least 80 cm)
• Drive metal pins in the bottom of the trench.

Ground contour for lightning protection

• Pins combine with a steel ribbon or pipe with welding.
• Extend the ground with steel ribbon to the location of it with a cocous.
• Connect the current to grounding.

Fastening a current grounding

Installation of rod lightning conduction

For the rod threshing, the installation of high bed is required. Its role can perform a mast television antenna. The rod lightning game is attached to the mast with welding or bolts.

Scheme of a rod lipstick in a private house

Installation of the current and grounding of such lightning protection is not different from the above described. After completion of the work, you need to check the resistance of the entire system. It should not exceed 10 ohms.

Service

The prophylactic maintenance of the threshold includes periodic cleaning of the rod pin from dirt, dust and oxide, as well as testing the integrity of all compounds.

It is not difficult to mount the threshing in the country. If you follow all the recommendations and standards of the instruction on the device of lightning protection of the RD 34.21.122-87, then at the right moment it will work correctly.

Despite the fact that you simply make a lightningwatch simply, it is recommended to contact the specialists to fulfill such work. Only professionals will be able to tell what materials it is better to use specifically in your situation, to provide qualified assistance in choosing the right place to install, and take into account the negative factors from the influence of which protection may not work.

How to decorate the fuels in the country do it yourself

Technical measures defined as lightning protection country house According to PUE requirements, they should be considered as follows for their implementation in each particular case. And, indeed, only rare private buildings are located near high-rise structures with lightning protection devices placed on them. Many of these buildings are in an isolated position and require special lightning protection, which is most often discharged into single objects.

Standards

According to the current standards (SNiP, in particular), all country residential buildings refer to the 3rd class of fire safety and are subject to mandatory equipment in lightning equipment.

At the same time, the arrangement of the effective lightning protection of the cottage, for example, should be provided at the preparation of the construction project. Such an approach to solving the issue allows the reliable fire prevention system, naturally integrated into the architecture of the built house.

However, many owners of ready-made private buildings would like to protect their home independently, which requires certain knowledge and skills. On how competently and without unnecessary problems, to mount an effective lightning protection with your own hands and will be discussed further.

What should be considered when installing

The type and efficacy of the lightning protection selected individually for each rural building depends on a number of factors. Here are the most important of them:

• technical condition of the private house;
• its location in relation to other objects;
• the quality of the soil at the location of the protected private structure, providing good grounding of the entire design as a whole.

In the case of a dilapidation poorly protected from the impact of natural factors, the likelihood of its defeat increases sharply, which will require from the owner of additional devices for lightning protection.

Close location of high-rise objects

On the other hand, even completely new private houses can be influenced by lightning if they are located in the immediate vicinity of the antenna towers, large and high trees or pillars.

All listed high-rise objects are a good target for the thunderstorm discharge and possess the so-called "screen effect" to whose zone falls and located nearby residential building. When calculating the sizes of the mast of a lightning unit, the presence of such objects is necessarily taken into account.

State of soil

The quality of the soil at the site of the house is very important from the point of view of the efficiency of the earthing machine used as part of the lightning protection, the protective effect of which is based on the discharge current flow into the soil.

In cases where, in the country or at the location of a country private house, the soil has low electrical conductivity, it is necessary to bother in advance about artificial measures of its increase. It is possible to make it possible to add to the soil of aqueous solution of the table salt or other chemicals.

Compensate insufficient electrical conductivity of the soil is also possible due to the reduction of the resistance of the current and earthing, which is connected by a lightning-conducting in a private house.

However, this option to increase the efficiency of lightning protection, as a rule, leads to an increase in costs of consumables and the rise in the cost of the entire system as a whole.

Special attention to the choice of reliable lightning protection should be given in a situation where there is a natural water or a key source in close proximity to the private house. In areas with an indicator of thunderstorm activity for more than 40 hours per year, the risk of lesion in this case will be maximum.

Design of lightning conductor

In order for a private country house independently, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the principle of work of lightning protection.

At the time of the thunder discharge, zipper enters the receiving device (metal pin, cable or grid), after which it is discharged using a special steel tape directly on the earthing.

In this part of the protective chain, current flow into the ground, accompanied by a sharp drop in the power of the electrical charge.

Thus, the independent arrangement of the lightning conductor for a private house involves the manufacture of the following mandatory elements of the protection against thunderstorms:

• lightning equipment of a pin or mesh type;
• reliable current (descent);
• grounding device (lightning protection circuit).

Typical pin lighting game is made in the form of a thick steel bar with a cross section of about 10-20 millimeters and about 2.5 meters long. When installing the pin is reliably mounted in any highly located roof point in such a way that its pointed end rummaged over this place at least 2 meters.

Please note that the roof of the private house can be selected as the attachment point of the attachment, or the pipe that distensifies smoke.

Immediately make a reservation that the specified version of the lightning message is ideal for. In the event that the roof of the private house is closed by slate, it is recommended to use a metal cable stretched on the insulating supports as the receiver.

For tiled roofs optimal decision It is laying throughout their area of \u200b\u200ba special mesh lightning protection with a system of conductive wires from it.

Such recesses (or descents) are made of wire with a diameter of at least 0.6 centimeters or a strip of the same metal with a size of 2x30 millimeters.

When installing, they are laid along the walls of the structure, and then welded on the one hand to the lightning shirt, and on the other, to the ground contour, manufactured by a typical scheme (see PUE).

The procedure for arranging lightningPreight

The lightning protection device for the country private structure is best to start from the manufacture of lightning uniform. At the same time, the lightning protection pin itself is reliably fixed at the highest point of the structure (on a pipe or on a wooden antenna mast). In the case of using the mesh, it is placed throughout the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof with the formation of cells with dimensions of no more than 12x12 meters (this value is selected based on the size of the roof and the required quality of lightning protection).

In places intersection of the grid wires are attached to welding, and then fixed on the roof of the house with the help of special holders, well isolated from the coating material.

At the bottom edge of the grid, several contact pads are arranged for connecting the current system (in a typical lightning protection project usually laid two descent on each wall of the house).

A portion of the grid design of lightning protection adjacent to the chimney can be framed in the form of a loop of the appropriate size, which is thrown on from above, and then joined to the base.

The device prepared in such a way will provide high-quality lightning protection of any non-metallic roofing of a private house.

We also note that for the manufacture of pin lightningness, the material (galvanized steel or copper) should be used, since it is not allowed to paint the requirements of standards. In the case when such thunders are made of steel hollow tubes - one of its ends is brewed.

Procedure for making a grounding

The main purpose of grounding lightning protection is to ensure the ideal conditions for spreading the discharge current to the ground.

The fulfillment of this requirement is possible only with the minimum electrical resistance of the entire design of the earthing, manufactured from a set of metal blanks. As a rule, it is constructed from 3-thick steel rods or profiles with a length of at least 2.5 meters, clogged into the ground near the house (no closer than 5 meters).

These billets are fixed in the ground so that their vertices form the correct triangle with the sides of length of about 1.2 meters.

After that, they are connected to the welding with jumpers with the appropriate length, forming a solid and reliable grounding structure.

The construction thus obtained can be used as protective grounding private house. In the case when the grounding is already available, it can be combined with a membered lightning protection into one system.