AND design features the roofing system depends on heat and sound insulation properties, resistance to precipitation, aesthetics of the house. What types of roofs are in demand and what to look for when choosing them?

Ceramic roof tiles

There are many varieties of tiles and types of coatings: fired clay, engobe, colored glaze. The shingle can last more than 100 years, it is environmentally friendly, inert to aggressive environments, does not make noise, does not burn, does not let water through, and is frost-resistant.

The main disadvantage of ceramics is weight. One square meter can weigh 50-60 kg. Styling requires a powerful rafter system... Increased requirements are also imposed on the building foundation and walls. Laying of ceramic tiles should be done by experienced roofers, as many accessories are used in the installation, etc.

The most expensive and high-profile type of roof. The main advantage of copper sheet as a roofing material is appearance... The new copper roof looks attractive due to its distinctive color and gloss. The roof, which has served for a long time (depending on the conditions - from 5 to 25 years), oxidizes and acquires a green tint - it is patinated. Copper oxide forms a strong film that does not oxidize and can last for centuries.

Copper roofing is usually installed by tinsmiths. All elements are manufactured locally. This allows very difficult surfaces to be covered without waste.

In addition to sheet, flexible tiles are used, covered with a layer of copper. Such a roof takes on the appearance of scales.

The most popular roofing coating since the early 2000s. Tile factories operate in many cities and offer a wide range of shades and geometric patterns that mimic block shingles.

The metal tile is based on a galvanized steel sheet with a polymer coating, which can have a glossy or matte texture. In order to choose the right roofing made of metal tiles, it is necessary to clarify the zinc content in the raw materials and the thickness of the sheet from which the tiles are profiled. Sheet steel with a zinc content of at least 225 g / m2 should be used. The optimum sheet thickness is from 0.45 to 0.55 mm.

- the lightest roofing material on the market (weight of 1 m2 - about 4-5 kg). It does not require the construction of a powerful foundation, walls and rafter system - this allows you to save on construction.

Metal roofing - inexpensive and durable material... Most manufacturers give a 10-year guarantee that the polymer coating will not peel off or burn out. Many metal roofs have served well for about 20 years.

The main drawback is noise. Metal roofing creates a “drum” effect during rain or hail. The disadvantages include a large percentage of metal waste in the manufacture of complex roofs.

Corrugated board

Profiled sheets are often made of cheaper (than metal tiles) galvanized steel without a polymer coating.

Due to the absence of transverse fractures (like a metal tile), it has a higher rigidity. This allows you to simplify and reduce the cost of the truss structure. In its production, it is allowed to use sheet steel of greater thickness, which also has a good effect on strength.

Decking is suitable for those who want to choose an inexpensive roof for a house without frills. it the best option for roofs with a simple configuration: gable or regular hip.

The roof of metal and corrugated board is installed very quickly.

The best option for those who are ready to purchase premium material, but do not want to build a fortress so that the massive walls, foundation and rafter system can withstand the weight of natural tiles. - these are profiled metal sheets (Zn or AlZn, single or multi-layer), covered with colored basalt granulate.

In our catalog there is a large selection of profiles and a wide range of colors of composite tiles. Some manufacturers instead of basalt use dressing up to crushed coral.

Composite tiles are durable. The warranty for it can be up to 50 years. It also has a low weight and is easy to install, but unlike corrugated board and metal tiles, it does not make so much noise in the rain.

Bituminous Roofing Sheets

Externally similar to asbestos-cement slate, roofing sheets are made on the basis of cellulose-cardboard or polymer canvas impregnated with modified bitumen. They differ from slate in a lighter weight and a wide range of colors.

When installing a bitumen sheet, which is also called, the recommended pitch of the lathing should be strictly observed, since the bitumen becomes plastic in the sun and, if the pitch between the slats is too large, it loses its rigidity - “floats”. The sheets are attached with special nails to the top of the wave. Installation and trimming of sheets are carried out in almost the same way as with slate.

On initial stage construction, it is desirable to have a clear idea of ​​what kind of roof to choose for your dream home. After all, if the laid foundation, walls and rafters have a good margin of safety, you will have the opportunity to install any roof for your home.

The roof is not only the protection of the structure itself and the inhabitants from various manifestations of nature, it is the main decoration of the house.

The roof of the house carries not only the protective function of the house, but also is the main decoration of the house.

It is being built for many years, and therefore it is very important that the roof you choose has excellent characteristics: it is durable, frost-resistant, has sound insulation, can withstand a large number of snow was beautiful.

What are the parameters for choosing a roof?

1. Bituminous slate (ondulin). 2. Composite tiles. 3. Metal tiles. 4. Seam roofing.

When choosing the look of the roof, you must take into account which region you live in. How often does it rain, how strong is the wind blowing, how much snow does it fall?

A clear idea of ​​what will suit the overall look of the house and what will look ridiculous will help you choose the material for the future roof. After all, the roof is the crown of the whole building and it must correspond to the appearance of the building.

But at the same time, you should understand that if you need to outbuildings or gazebos, you should not choose a roof "for ages."

All existing roofing materials are divided into three groups: economy class, business class and premium class.

1. The most affordable economy class includes sheets of asbestos cement (slate), galvanized and non-galvanized steel sheets (corrugated board), ondulin (corrugated sheets of bitumen). These are traditional roof materials widely used in construction.
2. The business class includes soft roofing and metal tiles. These materials are distinguished not only by their durability, ease of installation, but also by the presentable appearance of the house.
3. The premium class includes ceramic and composite tiles. Roofs with such a coating look luxurious and expensive.

Characteristics of ceramic tiles

Installation of a roof made of natural tiles requires serious skills and experience.

In the manufacture of natural tiles, clay is used, which is molded and fired in ovens at a temperature of 1000 degrees. After firing, it acquires a characteristic reddish-brown color. If glaze is applied to the tiles before the firing process, then such tiles will better resist various atmospheric phenomena and the service life will increase.

The standard size of one tile is 30x30 cm, it weighs up to 2 kg. According to the manufacturing method and location on the roof, several types are distinguished ceramic tiles... It can be: ordinary ceramic, flat tape, tape groove, stamped groove, 1-wave, 2-wave, grooved.

Recommended when laying ceramic tiles from 25-35 degrees to 60 degrees. If the slope is less than 25 degrees, both waterproofing and ventilation will have to be strengthened. At the recommended roof slope, fastening is done as standard. If the slope is more than 60 degrees, the tiles must be fastened with additional screws.

The tiles are fastened to each other using special locks; for fastening to the crate, each tile has special holes for screws. When laying the tiles, the effect of a roofing carpet is obtained, leakage is excluded.

Ceramic tiles have the longest service life - 100-150 years. It looks appropriate on stone, wooden and brick houses, it is used for any number of storeys in the house.
The price of ceramic tiles varies from 20 to 50 US dollars per 1 sq. M. If you have the opportunity to choose such a roof for your home, you will not regret it.

Pros of choosing ceramic tiles:

1. Minimal care. A preventive inspection of the roof once a year is enough (clean the gutters, valleys).
2. Excellent sound absorption.
3. The material is non-flammable and non-corrosive.
4. Frost resistance is designed for 1000 or more cycles.
5. The external appeal of the roof, a large selection of colors and shapes.
6. The roof "breathes" and the moisture that appears quickly evaporates.

Cons of choosing ceramic tiles:

1. Has a lot of weight. When building a roof, you will need to reduce it.
2. The material is very fragile.
3. With a complex roof structure, a large amount of fastening material will be required.

Characteristics of bituminous shingles

In the production of bituminous tiles, fiberglass, cellulose, and polyester are used. This material is reliable. When laying, a continuous roofing carpet is obtained, which only strengthens under the influence of sunlight. You can choose both colors and shapes. The size of 1 sheet is 1 m by 30 cm. The weight of one square meter is 8-12 kg.

Due to the plasticity of bituminous shingles, they can be used in the most intricate roof structures, they are resistant to atmospheric precipitation, and can be chosen for roofs with a minimum slope of 12 degrees. The maximum level is unlimited. It is necessary to lay this type of roof on waterproof plywood using a waterproofing underlay.

It is widely used for private houses, cottages, garages and gazebos, for public buildings. If it is necessary to reconstruct the old roof, it is advantageous to use it, since the old waterproofing layer is not removed and the bituminous shingles are laid directly on it.
The price of bituminous shingles varies from 8 to 10 US dollars / sq.m.

Pros of choosing shingles:

1. There is no scrap both during transportation and installation.
2. Possibility to cover any roof shape.
3. Good sound insulation of the roof.
4. Does not rot, corrode and rust.
5. Little waste is left during installation.

Cons of choosing shingles:

1. High flammability of this material.
2. Burns out in the sun.
3. Installation is not possible during the cold period.
4. It is considered "not elite".

Characteristics of metal tiles

Metal roof scheme.

The metal tile lives up to its name, as it really looks like a tile. But, unlike real tiles, these are textured metal sheets, with a thickness of 0.4 mm, of various sizes and colors. The minimum must be 15 degrees, the maximum slope is not limited. With a slope of up to 20 degrees, the joints must be sealed without fail.

The metal tile is easy to install using both roofing screws and ordinary nails. Along the slope, the overlap should be at least 250 mm, across - by 1 corrugation.
This type of roofing is used very widely both in individual construction and in the construction of industrial facilities, high-rise buildings.

If you want your house to look prestigious, but are not going to spend money on ceramic tiles, then metal tiles are the most suitable option.
The cost of metal tiles varies from $ 7 to $ 15.

Pros of choosing metal tiles:

1. Simple and quick installation.
2. The material is resistant to mechanical damage.
3. Light weight (3-5 kg ​​/ m2).
4. Does not break during transportation.

Cons of choosing metal tiles:

1. A large amount of waste remains during installation.
2. Poor insulation.

Characteristics of asbestos-cement slabs (slate)

Roofing scheme from standard slate.

In the production of slate, 85% Portland cement and 15% asbestos are used. These are rectangular sheets measuring 120x70 cm (there are variations), wave - 28 mm. Weight of 1 m2 - 10-15 kg. Sheets of slate are laid on a standard crate; before laying, a sealing material is usually laid, the slate is fastened with nails with a wide galvanized head.

The roof slope for slate is recommended from 12 to 60 degrees. Asbestos-cement slabs are recommended for use on objects of minor importance, although it is still used for private houses, cottages and summer cottages. It is used when they want to save money.

Several years ago, it became possible to extend the life of this type of roof and make such a roof more presentable. We are talking about a special slate paint, which began to be produced by some defense plants in our country.
The cost of asbestos-cement slabs ranges from US $ 2 to US $ 3.

Pros of choosing slate:

1. Has decent strength characteristics.
2. Convenient to install.
3. Easily cut if necessary.
4. Low price.

Cons of choosing slate:

1. Asbestos is harmful to the human body.
2. Fragile material.
3. Over time, it accumulates moisture, both moss and fungus begin to grow on it.

Characteristics of metal roofs

Metal roofs (corrugated board) are subdivided into:

• corrugated board;
• steel folded roof;
• copper folded roof;
• aluminum folded roof.

Decking - metal corrugated or profiled sheets. Available with or without polymer coating. It comes in different sizes, and the waves also have different configurations. Recommended - 10 degrees. The maximum is not standardized. When laying, it is necessary to use a glassine pad. This increases the waterproofing properties. The corrugated board is attached to the crate with self-tapping screws.

The joints are overlapped by 20 cm. It is advisable to treat each joint with a sealant. Profiled sheeting is used for outbuildings, for industrial construction, but it is also often used for individual construction.
The cost of corrugated board depends on the shape and height of the wave and ranges from 8 to 10 US dollars.

Pros when choosing a corrugated board:

1. Flexible and durable material.
2. Installation is quick and easy.
3. Very durable.
4. Low cost.

Cons when choosing a corrugated board:

1. Very low noise insulation.

Steel seam roofing is a sheet of smooth steel that can be galvanized or not, with or without polymer coating. - 20 degrees, maximum is not provided. The sheets are connected to each other using hooks with a special tool, a seam is formed at the joints. An anti-condensation film is used as a gasket. It is used when installing the roofs of churches and old estates and at industrial facilities.

Copper and aluminum seam roofing is a very expensive material, while very beautiful, it is not used in ordinary construction. It is used mainly in the restoration of cathedrals, churches, historical buildings. The cost of steel seam roofing varies from 5 to 7 US dollars.

Characteristics of bituminous slate

The sheets are similar in appearance to slate, but have a different structure and color. In the manufacture of bitumen slate, cellulose is used impregnated with bitumen, treated with special resins, pigments and additives under high pressure and temperature.
Another name for bituminous slate is “flexible slate”.

The minimum recommended slope when using this material is 5 degrees. The maximum is not standardized. With a minimum slope, the lathing should be solid. For this, moisture-resistant plywood or board is used. Starting from a slope of 10 degrees, the lathing is done in 45 cm increments. With a slope of more than 15 degrees, the lathing step increases.

Roll waterproofing is used as a gasket. Due to its flexibility, this material is used on curved roofs. It is used both for individual construction and for the construction of industrial premises, for the roofs of restaurants and cafes.

The cost of this roofing material is 5-6 US dollars.

Pros for choosing flexible slate:

1. Highly light material, 3-5 kg ​​/ sq.m.
2. Convenient to work with.
3. Wide range of colors.

Cons when choosing flexible slate:

1. Highly flammable.
2. Fades in the sun.
3. The roof can "lead" from the heat.
4. Low frost resistance.

The most important characteristics that a roof should have are reliability and durability.

When looking at any private house, it is impossible not to pay attention to its roof. It is the visual effect of the roof covering that largely determines the overall style of the cottage. However, just a beautiful roof is "good, but not enough": in addition to external aesthetics, it must also be reliable and durable. In modern individual construction, many types of roofs are used, so the main task here is not to "get lost" among dozens of proposals and to make the right choice.

In today's roundup, we'll take a closer look at the following questions:

How to choose the right roof covering so that its further operation does not cause problems.
- Why the choice of roofing requires an integrated approach.
- Roof: cover types.
- How to save money when installing the roof.
- In what cases is it better to buy a more expensive roofing material in order to avoid unnecessary costs in the future.

FIRST STEP: WE TAKE CARE OF THE ROOF

As already mentioned, the types of roofs on the modern market are very diverse. When choosing a roofing material, it must be remembered that the following parameters play the main role in this process:

Suitable design;
- a reasonable price for you;
- durability (after all, the roof is not the part of the house that can be changed every year);
- no difficulties during installation.

It is better to decide on the choice of roofing at the design stage of the future house in order to accurately take into account the load on the rafter structure and make the correct calculation of the necessary building materials and roof units.

A "correct" roof necessarily implies comfort inside the house under those climatic conditions in which this house is built and operated. Therefore, the following observations and advice of specialists cannot be ignored in any way:

For southern regions characterized by increased solar activity, the choice of roofing is best done based on its color fastness parameters (UV stability). You also need to pay attention to the operating temperature range of the future roof covering, as it will get very hot in summer.

In coastal areas, the roof must be resistant to the corrosive environment created by the salty sea air.

In northern areas, the weight of the roof covering must be taken into account, since snow loads will be the determining factor in this case.

When designing a roof, snow and wind loads must be taken into account, regardless of the chosen material for the roof.

Experienced builders point out that it is better to choose the roofing material even before the rafter system is installed. The fact is that there are some, at first glance, small, but very important differences in the structure of the roofing "pie" for different types cover.

SECOND STAGE: CHOOSING THE ROOF COVERING

The choice of roof is carried out individually in each specific case - there is no universal advice here. However, there is a certain algorithm approved by professionals.

So that the roof of your house will delight you for many years and not create unnecessary problems, when choosing a roof covering, proceed in the following sequence:

First of all, select the design and brand (manufacturer) of the coating from the desired group;
- then select a specific product from them, taking into account it specifications and the price (compare offers from different sellers - the cost of the same product may differ significantly in different stores).

Remember that a roof, even made of the highest quality material, will not last long if you do not follow the rules for using this material! The types of roofing for roofs are varied, there are very cheap offers on the market, but you can save only up to a certain level. Also, do not forget that the durability of the roofing system at home depends on correct installation even more than on the quality of the selected material.
When choosing a roof covering, it is imperative to take into account the shape of the roof. If you plan to install a roof of a complex shape, with slopes of various shapes (for example, trapezoidal and triangular), then when using sheet materials (for example, metal tiles), the amount of waste will exceed 30% of the total amount of material. Thus, the roof will be too expensive, so for a complex roof it is more advisable to use another material - for example, soft shingles, or another coating, the installation of which will not be so expensive.

ROOF ROOF TYPES

Roof coverings on the modern building materials market have different parameters that must be understood before making the final choice. The most common and common types of roofing are as follows:

Metal tiles;
- soft bituminous shingles;
- ceramic tiles;
- composite tiles;
- sand-cement tiles;
- steel;
- slate (for the most economical builders).

Let's consider each of them in more detail, so that as a result, the roof of your house does not disappoint you and does not require a quick replacement.

METAL TILES

Today, this material has firmly established itself in the highest positions of popularity among roofing coatings. A metal roof tile is a solid galvanized sheet with (or without) coating of various shapes (in professional language - rolling shapes). The cost of this material varies between $ 5-14.4 per 1 sq. meter.

Types of metal tiles differ in coating options (if any), as well as in steel thickness and profile. The steel thickness range is 0.4-0.5mm. As the builders explain, the thicker you choose the steel, the more reliable the roof will be. For example, a 0.4 mm thickness option is considered not a particularly good choice - such steel is too thin, which makes installation difficult: large sheets of metal shingles literally crumple like foil during installation.

The "life" of a metal tile directly depends on the quality of the galvanized sheet and the quality of the coating. Different kinds roofs mean both the purchase of standard metal-tile sheets, and their ordering for individual sizes.

One of the features of this material is that with a fairly extensive selection of colors, there are quite few forms of rolling for metal tiles. This must be taken into account when designing the roof of your house. Also, when planning a purchase, you need to pay attention not only to the price. square meter the tile itself, but also on the cost of additional elements for its installation - the overpriced of these elements will "pull" the rise in the cost of the total cost of the roof.

One more important point: When it rains, the metal roof is noisy! Raindrops knock loudly on it, and you can hear it in the house. To reduce the volume of the "soundtrack", it is necessary to take care of high-quality sound insulation and insulation (insulation materials also muffle unwanted sounds).

If the metal tile roof is installed correctly, its service life will be about 50 years.

SOFT (FLEXIBLE OR BITUMEN) TILES

This material is the second most popular material for roofing on the domestic market after metal tiles. Such a roof is distinguished by wide design possibilities and a variety of shapes and colors. Note that the prices for this coverage also vary in a very wide range, starting from $ 5 per 1 sq. meter of material of simple quality and reaching $ 40-80 for proposals from exclusive collections.

A complex roof can also be “dressed” in soft shingles, since this type of roofing has practically no waste during the installation process. In addition, these shingles have excellent soundproofing properties, which makes it possible to reduce the noise from rain to nothing.

It is important to know that shingles must be installed on a solid base. In most cases, such a base is made of plywood (OSB). Of course, this somewhat increases the overall cost of the roofing system.

All types of roofs covered with soft tiles require continuous sheathing. In this case, it is most advisable to first make a rare crate, and then fill it with moisture-resistant plywood or OSB boards. So that the slabs do not have to be cut, you need to adjust the pitch of the sheathing to the size of the slab.

The roof doesn't get any worse with a thinner slab. The standard slab width is 122 centimeters. The lathing can be made from an inch board with a step of 244 centimeters, and an OSM plate with a thickness of 9 mm can be fixed along its axes. Such a thickness will be quite sufficient for almost any climatic conditions found in the territories of Russia and Ukraine, and the edges of the slab will always be located exactly in the middle of the sheathing board.

Bituminous roof shingles have another useful feature - they do not need additional waterproofing along the rafter slope. A lining layer is laid on the solid lathing, on which the roofing tiles are mounted. With this installation algorithm, your roof will not create problems for you either with leaks or with condensation seeping onto the insulation from the inside of the material.

Through such a roof, you can bring a pipe - fan, chimney or ventilation - much easier and cheaper than through a roof made of other materials. The main thing is not to forget to provide outlets for these pipes in the future roof at the design stage.

For a roof covered with soft tiles to last you a long time, take on board the following advice, which will come in handy when buying a covering. It is very important that the bitumen contained in such shingles does not become brittle over time. It is as easy as shelling pears to check the quality of bitumen when buying roof shingles. If you smell a pungent bitumen smell, refuse to buy this particular type of tile, as it means that the bitumen was artificially aged, with the addition of various modifiers for elasticity.

WAVY BITUMEN SHEETS

This roofing material is made from cellulose (organic fibers), which is impregnated with bitumen. The corrugated bitumen roof is easy to install and weighs comparatively little. True, the use of such sheets imposes certain restrictions on the variety of design options. But despite this, this material is highly popular due to its ease of installation and transportation.

Professionals note that a roof made of corrugated bitumen sheets is especially suitable for small buildings - for example, summer houses, for which you can assemble the roof yourself.

STEEL (FOLDED) ROOF

The types of roofs are very diverse, but the most durable and reliable roof will be a steel roof made using the standing double seam technology. This type of roof has no holes; it is mounted in one piece and hermetically. A steel roof is exactly the option when the material itself is inexpensive, but requires special attention when laying. There are few masters who master the art of high-quality steel roofing - and, accordingly, the price of installation work in this case increases compared to other materials.

It is worth choosing a steel roof if, first of all, you want it to last a long time, and the question of price is not so important for you.

Shingles

Good old shingles - a material for roofing, which has deep historical roots, because it began to be used in antiquity. A shingle roof is beautiful and durable, but when choosing this option, you should remember that any shingle has a solid weight. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the reliability of the rafter system and the structure of the house as a whole.

In the range of roof coatings, shingles occupy a place in the premium segment, as they are quite expensive. It is made using several technologies. Cement-sand, polymer-sand and ceramic tiles are offered on the modern market. The tiled roof, in its most classic form, is made from ceramic tiles.

When choosing a sand-cement tile, it is necessary to pay attention to such a characteristic as cyclicality. A roof made of this type of tile absorbs moisture, which expands when the temperature goes below zero and back, which entails the destruction of the coating.

If you have opted for a composite tile, be prepared for difficulties in its installation. It is better not to trust the laying of this coating to roofers who do not have experience in working with composite tiles. But the roof covered with this material looks very impressive due to the combination of both the volume of the profile and the stone powder.

SLATE AND PAINTED SLATE

A slate roof is the cheapest option of all types of roofs today. In fact, slate can be recommended for use only in cases where the determining criterion for arranging the roof is its budget price. This material is already quite outdated and, in addition, it is characterized by increased fragility, which significantly complicates its transportation and installation.

Professionals remind that the roof is not the element of the house on which it is worth saving too much. An excessive desire to reduce costs in this case will lead to a loss in the quality of the roof itself, although the cost of installation work, insulation, etc. will remain unchanged. Therefore, if you expect reliable service from your roof for many years, try to get a roofing of a higher quality.

In conclusion, the Stopmakler real estate portal presents an interesting overview