How to feed street flowers. Effective flower feeding in spring - choosing methods
Plants absorb all the nutrients from the soil, so it needs to be fortified with minerals. Feeding flowers in spring is done for this very purpose. Care is required both for a flower garden in the country and for indoor plants.
1 We bother about indoor wards
Periodic feeding of home flowers is very important, since they feed on a small amount of land in flower pot... Nutrients in it are quickly depleted. Thanks to such a mandatory procedure as spring feeding flowers, you can count on the correct development of plants and at home.
In case of deficiency nutrients indoor plants will be weak and bloom not as lush as expected. You can improve the condition of indoor flowers using. So there was a use for it! You can eat the pulp with a clear conscience, but cut the peel into small pieces and leave it alone until it dries completely.
Then add water to the resulting raw material, leave for 2-3 days. Water the flowers with the solution, and carefully dig up the pulp with the potting soil.
It is most convenient to carry out this procedure during plant transplantation. Banana flower food is beneficial because the peel of this fruit contains highly absorbable potassium and phosphorus, which are essential for flowering plants. Let's reveal another secret: even before leaving the peel to dry, they wipe the dust from the contaminated leaves with it. The leaves shine very beautifully from this cosmetic procedure.
2 Gardening affairs
Plant food in the spring has great importance... The beginning growing season requires many minerals. In the natural environment, they are obtained from humus, which is a waste product of soil organisms. Humus is made up of decaying last year's leaves, shoots, and other organic residues.
In the garden, everything is a little different: the leaves are raked, the grass is mowed, dry shoots are pulled out, that is, material is removed that could be reborn into humus. That is why feeding of garden flowers is a must. Of course, you can use this seemingly simple recipe, like feeding flowers with a banana peel, but it's too troublesome to stock up on raw materials for a garden scale. There are several types of fertilizers on sale for use in the garden and at home.
So, organic form of supplements contains everything necessary for plants minerals and recreates humus, improving the properties of the earth. Compost is one of the most popular types of organic matter, which is used in autumn or spring in the amount of 20 kg / m 2 (the additive is spread on the surface in a 2-cm layer and added to a depth of 10-15 cm).
3 Siderata in flower beds - flower feeding in spring is cheap and effective
Fertilizing flowers in the garden in spring with green fertilizers is practiced if the soil is knocked down or low-yielding. Sow the area before planting a flower bed. The latter grow rapidly and are characterized by a large volume of stems and leaves, which, after digging and decomposition, turn into humus. Siderata are dug up after a month or two, always before flowering, while all the minerals are in the greenery. Such fertilizer quickly decomposes - in the second half of summer, flower beds can be broken.
Mineral fertilizers should be used in accordance with the directions on the package. This type of additives is not used in the fall, since a large number of minerals are washed out into the soil during irrigation, with rain, spring floods - the plants simply do not have time to consume them at the beginning of the growing season. In the spring, you should be extremely careful with them - an excessively large dose of concentrated fertilizers can simply burn root system plants.
For normal growth and development of garden plants, you need to apply fertilizers to the soil. So, asters, dahlias and gladioli are demanding for nitrogen fertilization. In addition to these flowers, daffodils, tulips and peonies also prefer nitrogen fertilization.
In particular, nitrogen is absorbed quite intensively by garden flowers during their growth. In turn, garden plants need not a very large amount of it when the seeds ripen on the flower. Excessive nitrogen fertilization can reduce the frost resistance of perennial garden flowers.
Like indoor flowers, garden plants need a variety of fertilizers. So, magnesium fertilizers used for flower plants include several types of fertilizers: kalimag, magnesium sulfate, kainite and magnesite... Of the listed magnesium fertilizers, the most a large number of magnesium contains magnesite.
When preparing the substrate, you need to apply the full rate of phosphorus fertilizers.... Since at the time of bud development and flowering, plants are very demanding on phosphorus, you will need to once again add phosphorus fertilization to the substrate. The most suitable fertilizers are simple and double superphosphate... Along with these types of fertilizers, garden flowers also need potash feeding. In the initial stage of development, the flower needs a small amount of potassium. And at the time of bud formation and flowering, add more potassium.
Some garden plants used to assimilate a lot of this element. They need it during their entire development, which is important. Experts include gladiolus, hyacinth, crocus and some other flowers to such flowers. Florists are often advised to feed garden plants with potassium sulfate, potassium magnesium and potassium magnesium nitrate. Along with them, potassium phosphate is a fairly common top dressing.
Flowers such as primrose, alpine poppy, selenium and other garden plants need a lot of calcium. But at the same time, not all flowers respond well to a large amount of this element. Some flowers cannot tolerate excess calcium. These are rhododendron, heather, primrose and other flowers.
In turn, sulfur is absorbed by those flowers that belong to the family Cruciferous, Nasturtium and Liliaceae. Among the flowers of the Cruciferous family, Alyssum, Iberis and Levkoy are especially in need of this element.
The aforementioned items are some of the most basic for your garden pets. But besides them, plant organisms also need molybdenum, selenium and others. chemical elements... Those perennial flowers that have wintered on garden plot, you need to feed it with nitrogen already at the beginning of spring. It must be brought in during the period of snow melting. At the same time, take 20 - 30 grams of fertilizer per 1 square meter.
From autumn or early spring apply potash fertilizers. They can be taken as much as nitrogen fertilization. You can do the second nitrogen feed after 3 weeks. The third feeding should be done during the period of bud formation and flowering. To do this, you need a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in a ratio of 1: 3: 2 per 1 square meter.
At the same time, growers are advised to feed garden plants, if they are perennial, every autumn in September or October. At the same time, you it is best to use complex fertilizer. It must necessarily consist of a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium supplements in a ratio of 1: 5: 2.
In the spring-summer period, you really want to please your eyes with something beautiful, decorate your yard, balcony with flowers and create comfort around you and enjoy the beauty. There are a huge number of types. They can be grown on their own or purchased planted in pots. It takes the first place in its diversity, rich palette of colors and beauty. However, in order for a flower to please for a long time with its appearance, you need to know what petunia is for abundant flowering.
Petunia: a brief description of the flower
It is the most suitable flower for outdoor decoration of windows and balconies. There are two main varieties - multi-flowered and large-flowered. There are about 25 species.
The type of stem depends on the type of plant: branched, erect, hanging or creeping. The color of the bud is the most diverse: pure white, different tones of yellow and pink, bright red, purple, blue, there are even variegated flower patterns.
Did you know? The first species of the genus was found and described in the vicinity of Montevideo (Uruguay) in 1793. Lamarck referred it to the genus Tabakov and received the name Nicotiana axillaris.
Regardless of the variety, the plant is photophilous. Loves moisture, but not an excess of it. If grown by seeds, then flowering occurs on the 70-90th day after planting, it also depends on the selected variety. 
Fertilization features
Whichever species or variety you choose, it will always need feeding. It is especially important to know how to feed petunia for abundant flowering.
The plant, although beautiful and delicate, is very gluttonous. Therefore, it must be fertilized. Flowers planted in small pots and pots need regular feeding. In small containers, the substrate quickly loses trace elements that the plant needs. Therefore, it is important to transplant the flower into larger pots.
Both the planted flower seeds and adult plants are needed. And correctly selected fertilizers for petunias will be necessary for abundant flowering. After all, our goal is a bush strewn with flowers.
Fertilization methods
There are several ways to fertilize petunia.
- Fertilizer treatment. Held . It regulates the microflora of the soil and the growth of petunias. It is a food product for plants and living microorganisms. Normalizes soil flora. Plant fed succinic acid grows better and has more strength to fight various diseases... It also tolerates drought better. An overdose of this agent is not dangerous. It is not necessary to fertilize the pelleted seeds. They are already fed and protected by a shell from, and.
- Top dressing of the soil. Fertilizing the substrate before planting a plant creates a good breeding ground for it. And also prevention of such a disease as black leg is carried out. For added peat. This is one of the mandatory procedures, because petunia does not tolerate moisture stagnation. The soil is watered just before the seeds are applied. Can be replaced with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
- Fertilizing seedlings and adult petunias. After diving, after 14 days, the first feeding is done. Usually it is phosphate fertilizers. Such feeding is carried out every other day, alternating with regular watering. Fertilization with iron is used if petunia leaves begin to turn yellow, and is carried out with an interval of 5 days, 3-4 times. Phosphates are used to improve appearance petunias. She becomes more colorful and lush.
- Foliar application of fertilizers. Alternate well with root. Sold in liquid form. A weak solution is made and sprayed with a spray bottle on the leaves and color of the plant. Foliar dressing are actively used on initial stages flower diseases.
Types of flower dressings
The flower is finicky and requires special attention and observing him. Therefore, there are several types of feeding. What to fertilize petunias for high-quality and less labor-intensive processing is liquid fertilizers. They are the most popular of all types of dressings. Sold as a concentrated liquid. They are bred in the right proportion with water and the substrate is watered.
Important! The dilution ratio of the liquid fertilizer must be exactly the same. Failure to comply with the proportion is fraught with plant disease and even its death.
Their choice is very wide, and you can buy them at any flower shop. Fertilizers for petunia flowering, which are in demand and tested by many flower growers: "Garden of Miracles", "Ideal", "Bona Forte", "Uniflor".
Dry fertilizers are also diluted according to the instructions, but presented in the form of powder or granules. Celebrate "Plantofol", "Master", "Kemira Lux". Dry fertilizers, like liquid fertilizers, must be used at least once a week. The proportions are observed according to the instructions. More frequent use is possible, but the fertilizer concentration is reduced by 3-4 times. This mode of feeding the plants is even more pleasant. 
Long-lasting fertilizers are easy to use. They are granules (, "Etisso"). They are introduced into the substrate before planting petunias and dissolve over time, which is what feed it. But their disadvantage is that it is difficult to regulate the degree of plant nutrition. If the flower looks unimportant and it seems that there is not enough feeding for it, then with the introduction of additional fertilizers there is a possibility that the flower will disappear. Therefore, long-term fertilizers are not particularly in demand. For beginner growers, it is better to use other types of feeding.
How to feed petunia for abundant flowering
On average, petunias bloom from June to September. Depending on the variety, it happens that the budding period is extended even longer. And, of course, caring for her and timely feeding are important. If the seeds are sown in pots at the end of February, then the flowers may appear in early April.
For abundant flowering of petunias, they should be fed throughout the entire growth period, starting from the second week after planting the seeds. They should receive complex fertilizers.A plant that does not receive the right amount of nutrition throughout its growth will not be able to flower fully. What fertilizers petunia loves is necessarily a large amount of phosphorus and. Phosphorus improves the intensity of growth and enriches the stem and leaves with trace elements. With its lack, the leaves darken, and sometimes acquire a bluish tint. The lower leaves darken and fall off. When these signs appear, feed the flower with phosphorus. is the main feeding of petunias for flowering, it promotes flowering and fruiting. 
The buds of a flower fertilized with potassium become rich and vibrant. They remain on the plant longer. Potassium is applied just before flowering. It inhibits plant growth. It is very important not to overdose, otherwise the flower will die. In the seedling phase, nitrogen fertilizers are used.
Agricola is already being used for a flowering plant. Its composition is 15-21-25. During plant formation and after pruning, Agricola is used with a composition of 24-10-20.
Did you know? Top dressing for petunias at home is carried out with a solution boric acid... A solution in a ratio of 1 g per 1 liter of water is applied over the sheet. This complementary feeding is carried out once.
What else besides top dressing? Secrets of the abundant flowering of petunias
In addition to fertilizers for petunias for abundant flowering, there are other manipulations and secrets for caring for it. They are also very important to fulfill. After all, the plant may not bloom or the flowering will be poor. 
Having a powerful root system, the flower needs space. Therefore, it must be transplanted into larger containers on time. Usually when calculating 1 plant per 5 liter container filled with substrate.
Watering should be very frequent, especially in hot weather. Produced in the morning and evening. This plant loves moisture, the top layer of the earth should not dry out. But it does not tolerate stagnant water. With stagnation, diseases (black leg) can develop. Therefore, good drainage is needed, preferably peat.
Important! The plant is very picky and ordinary hard tap water will not bring much benefit. Watering petunias for abundant flowering is with water with an acidic pH. You can make it yourself by acidifying plain water.
A lot of light is needed for a plant to bloom profusely. It is better to choose a balcony or window on the south or southwest side for breeding it. You can also use artificial lighting.
Pinching promotes abundant flowering. But it is important not to overdo it, excessive pinching will delay flowering.
It is important to remove faded buds. When they are cleaned, flowering increases. Correctly and timely caring for the plant, you will get a wonderful result. Using petunia feed and performing the necessary manipulations for flowering, you will enjoy the beauty in your home. Having an idea of the features of care, you will not have any problems in growing a flower. Listen to the needs of your pet and receive a huge gratitude.
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Flowers in spring need increased nutrition. Don't forget to feed them!
the Rose
In the spring, after pruning, sprinkle the rose bushes with a 1% solution of copper (iron) vitriol (100 g - per 10 liters of water) or a 3% solution of Bordeaux liquid. As soon as the buds begin to swell, add rotted manure or bird droppings to the soil, as well as any complex mineral fertilizer for flowers.
Fertilizer for lily
Lilies are no less beautiful than roses, besides, they have a more flexible character. The most unpretentious and winter-hardy are tiger lilies, Asian and LA - hybrids. They do not require shelter for the winter, reproduce well and practically do not get sick.
And even to the soil undemanding, but grow better on loose and fertile ones with a neutral and slightly acidic reaction.
In the spring, at the beginning of growth, they respond gratefully to feeding with a solution of calcium nitrate. When the first leaves appear, feed the flowers with a mullein solution (1:10) or full mineral fertilizer (40-50 g per 1 sq. M). It is advisable to add wood ash two to three times per season (100 g - per 1 sq. M).
During the budding period, to give the flowers brightness, it is good to feed the lilies with potash fertilizers, and after flowering - with superphosphate or any phosphorus-potassium complex.
From such feeding, the flowers will be larger and brighter, and the plant will increase its resistance to various diseases.
Day-lily
During the regrowth of the leaves, feed the flowers with nitrogen and potassium (1 tablespoon of each - for 10 liters of water), spending 0.5 liters of solution per plant. When the daylily throws out the flower stalks, feed it with phosphorus fertilizer. It can be simply scattered under the planting (1 tbsp. Spoon - on the bush), and then poured into the soil.
Pion
As soon as the first leaves hatch, spray the flowers with a urea solution (40-50 g, per 10 liters of water). Peonies are very demanding on organic fertilizers, so every spring add humus, compost, ready-made flower-soil mixtures under the bush at the rate of one bucket per bush - this is a layer of about 10 cm.
Bulbous flowers
To enhance the growth of flowers, after removing the shelters, feed tulips, hyacinths, daffodils with a complex mineral fertilizer: a mixture of nitrogen and potassium (2: 1). Apply flower dressing at the rate of 40-50 g per 1 sq. m.
Clematis
To strengthen and protect against pests, pour the plants with milk of lime (200 g of slaked lime - for 10 liters of water per 1 sq. M.). After removing the shelter, feed the clematis with nitrogen fertilizer, for example, urea (40 g per 10 liters of water).
Astilba
Fertilizers are applied to the soil after the end of the threat of return frosts - usually at the end of May.
Take 1 tbsp. spoonful of nitrogen and potash fertilizers, dilute in 10 liters. water and pour 0.5 liters under the root of each plant. solution.
Hosta
Fertilizers are applied 2 times - in spring and early summer. Feed the plant with mullein infusion (1:10) or any mineral fertilizers, which contains the main nutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (50 g - per 1 sq. m.)
author Udaff, photo: TopTropicals.comOrganic and inorganic - which is better?
Organic fertilizers represent what in past life was organic matter - animal dung, bird droppings(under the noble name "guano"), plant residues, compost, etc. They contain (more or less) all the substances necessary for plants, since any organic fertilizer it used to be a living cell, which also contained boron-iron-potassium, etc.
Inorganic- everything is simplified here, it contains only the main components of plant nutrition.
Hence it is clear that organic fertilizers are more "long-lasting" fertilizers. They must still rot (and if the ground is cold, then this process can take a long time).
At the same time, using inorganics, the result can be obtained much faster (not to mention the unaesthetic process of introducing the noble guano into a pot with a cactus, which is in the wife's bedroom - you can get this cactus on the head).
For indoor plants We do not use organic matter. In a garden-vegetable garden, organic matter is applied not only as fertilizer, but also to improve the structure of the soil (compost, for example). But we are totally against the use of compost, humus, etc. in pots with plants.
Therefore, if you are not a fan of a healthy and organic lifestyle and buy cucumbers in a nearby grocery store, and not in a shop where they are grown using only a noble product (it is interesting that the fact that the level of cadmium in the kidneys of the manufacturer of this guano is off-scale does not bother anyone), then set aside the foul-smelling liquid and deal with the inorganic. The only exception is aquarium water: when changing the aquarium water, pouring it over the potted plants is an excellent fertilizer.
N-P-K: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium
The fertilizer composition is characterized by the percentage of nitrogen ( N), phosphorus ( P), potassium ( K), or the formula N-P-K.
In the USA, for example, any fertilizer is required by law to be kept in description N-P-K composition. We suspected long ago that most fertilizers are taken from the same barrel, therefore, in principle, they are all the same, even if they differ slightly in composition.
Pay attention to the values values N-P-K... Fertilizers with formulas 6-6-6 and 12-12-12 are the same, only in the first case you buy less fertilizer and more filler. The first number of the formula indicates the nitrogen content, which contributes to the formation of abundant green tops in plants. Phosphorus (second number) influences their flowering. If you applied fertilizer 22-4-4, then you will not see flowering in plants for a long time - they will trample the green leaves, and until all the fertilizer is "eaten" by the plant, it will not have flowers (we went through this).
For the "general development" of plants, it is necessary to take fertilizer of the type 12-12-12, for flowering 12-30-12; moreover, the latter is soluble. In granules, a high content of phosphates is meaningless, since they will become insoluble on the surface of the earth. Generally, phosphates are best applied deep into the soil.
Buy fertilizers with micronutrients, magnesium and iron are especially important. Magnesium sulfate is available over the counter. Lack of it, like iron, causes chlorosis in plants (discoloration of leaves). The percentage of trace elements is not particularly important.
Trace elements must be chelated, otherwise they (especially iron) are oxidized and become inaccessible to plants. This is one of the most common causes of chlorosis of plants in a pot - poor drainage, the roots at the bottom of the pot sit in the water and cannot receive iron; another reason could be the high pH of the soil.
Do not store the diluted fertilizer solution for a long time - chelates, especially in the light, disintegrate .
Various variations of "specialized" fertilizers (such as "palm fertilizer", etc.) are nothing more than a marketing gimmick.
It is better to put "long-playing" fertilizers in a pot with a plant, the granules of which swell and slowly "release" fertilizers into the ground. Long-lasting fertilizers are more expensive, but really worth it. There are different types of them, differing in the percentage of elements and designed for different cleavage times - 6 months, 9 months, etc. Great convenience - using them, you can not twitch due to a possible overdose of fertilizers.
If you are using conventional fertilizers and not "long-lasting" fertilizers, be careful with the dose of fertilizer so as not to burn the plant roots... Below is written about nitrogen oxides and ammonia. It is better to apply a reduced dose of fertilizer, but more often. If the weather is cold or the plant is under stress, then do not fertilize.
When planting plants in the garden, any fertilizer is suitable. If you do not grow wheat on thirty hectares, where the cost of fertilizers is important, then take fertilizer 12-12-12, 14-14-14 (or close to this ratio). If you overpaid for "unused" potassium, then this is not so important.
We buy several of the cheapest fertilizers, mix, additionally add iron and microelements. We fertilize the plants when it is very warm and well-watered. The only subtlety: if the tropical rainy season has begun, then the usual fertilizer will be washed away very quickly. In this case, it is better to take "semi-long-playing", which will hold out for some time.
If you apply fertilizer once a year at a dacha in the Moscow region, then it makes even more sense for you to apply a "long-playing" fertilizer like Osmokot. If you, like us, live in the tropics, then Osmokot is throwing money away. Because of high temperature and climate humidity instead of 6 or 9 months written on the label, the fertilizer will "hold out" for a month and a half.
To stimulate the flowering of plants, we pour (or water them) with a shock dose of soluble fertilizer (20-50-20). It is very useful for plants (hibiscus, etc.) spraying with a soluble fertilizer.
On the fertilizer package, look at what the nitrogen is obtained from in this fertilizer - urea(ammonia - NH 3, ammonium ion - NH 4+) or nitrogen oxides... We consulted in detail with a professor at the local university, Murray Corman. In short: the leaves of plants "whistle" absorb ammonia, so you need to spray on the foliage with urea. For the same reason aquarium plants first eat up ammonium, and then oxides. Plant roots use only nitrogen oxides, ammonia is toxic to them. Microorganisms in the soil convert ammonia-ammonium into oxides. That's why if you apply fertilizer to the ground, it is better - in smaller doses and more often... Otherwise, the microorganisms will not cope and will not process anything - the plant roots will be destroyed. If it is cold, then urea cannot be added - bacteria do not work in the cold. Bacteria need oxygen for the nitrate cycle - another reason for a well-drained soil. As a result, it is best to apply a mixture of urea and nitrogen oxides - the fertilizer bag usually says what the nitrogen is from.
Soil acidity is also very important. At high pH, iron will not be available to plants. Any inscriptions that fertilizer acidifies the soil is nonsense. If the soil contains a lot of carbonates (for example, limestone, which will bind "acidity"), then acidification of the soil can only be done with a wagon of hydrochloric acid. Sulfates will only help for a couple of days. If your soil is alkaline, it is best to mix it with peat.
What fertilizer to choose for potted plants?
If you are a busy or forgetful person, then your best bet is to use long-lasting fertilizers for your plants. If you devote two hours daily to caring for flowers (like Nero Wolfe), then use two types of instant fertilizers:
- "For general development"- 12-12-12 (approximate figures) with trace elements. Water as directed once a week. It is useful to spray plants with this fertilizer.
- "For flowering"- use fertilizers with a high phosphate content (eg 10-50-10). Water with this fertilizer flowering plants once a month or more often, alternating with the first fertilization.
That's all there is to know when choosing a fertilizer.
All about plant fertilization on the website
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