What is a fence for? What functions does it perform? How important is the quality of the fence to you? Is it realistic to install a fence with your own hands? so that it is cheap and beautiful?

One of the main functions of a fence is a barrage function and a security one! Remember how, not having time to acquire your summer cottage, you were immediately struck by the thought that it would not hurt to fence in and thereby secure your rights to the newly acquired plot. The second thought that visited you was a picture of your site, enclosed by a beautiful fence. All kinds of fruits and vegetables, flower beds quietly grew on the site - and all this without the danger of being collected by "night guests" who often make their "ruinous" visits to poorly protected areas.

Your initial wish was very correct! You should definitely put up a strong and hopeful fence around your property. Whether you will be building, or will you be engaged in gardening and horticulture - the fence will protect and keep your valuables from "the eyes of those who envy" and "the hands of grabbing hands."

When the decision has been made, it's time to take action! But ... in the modern market there is a great variety of all kinds of fences! Some require considerable financial costs, others require certain knowledge, still others - experience, fourth - the neighbor has the same ...

This question is not easy to answer! Each fence has its own advantages and disadvantages. We will now try to describe in more detail the most popular fences so that each of the readers can make a choice for themselves.

By the way, if you, the reader, are not among the lucky owners of fat wallets, then this article will help you decide and put your own fence around your site! This lesson is exciting, during the installation process you will learn many new skills, learn some tricks and subtleties! Self-education is always good! An extra reason to raise your self-esteem and test your self-esteem! And a fence set with your own hands will be proof of your thrift.

First of all, fences are solid capital and decorative lattice. Some completely cover everything that happens in your yard, while others allow you to see everything, but do not allow it inside.

What are the types of fences in our time?

• Wood;
• Solid and decorative concrete slabs;
• Plastic;
• Brick;
• Net;
• From corrugated board.

Let's take a closer look at each type of fence and how to install it yourself.

Wooden fences are very popular, they are easy to install and carry. renovation work... Let's take a look at the advantages and disadvantages of such a fence.

Advantages of a wooden fence:

Relatively inexpensive;
A wide variety of shapes and patterns;
Easy to install, even an amateur can handle it.

Disadvantages:

Requires constant self-care (painting);
Short-lived, the service life rarely exceeds 10 years.

To install a wooden fence with your own hands, you will need the following materials and tools:

• Hammer, nails;
• Level;
• Pegs and rope;
• Posts made of wood or metal;
• Cement mortar;
• Wooden beams 2-2.5 m long;
• Fasteners made of wood of your favorite shape;
• Varnish, drying oil, paint;
• Hinged hinges;
• Gate valve or lock on the gate.

In order to purchase the material necessary for construction, you can contact any hardware store where you can choose the shape and dimensions of the blanks you like. The most suitable size for future shtaffetin is 85 x 145 mm. This option is less time consuming, but more costly in terms of finance. If you want to save a little on, then contact the timber warehouse, where you will be offered a cheaper product that requires additional processing - a cut board. True, you will have to tinker with it a little - to shave off, walk with a grinder - but there will be an opportunity to significantly save money.

For columns, it is advisable to use metal pipes, channel, but if this is not possible, wood treated with special mixtures will also come down to prevent rapid decay.

Whatever material you buy, be sure to properly polyp and dry it! The service life of your wooden fence will depend on this.

• First, mark the boundary along which your fence will run with a peg and rope. Pull the rope evenly around the entire perimeter of the future fence.
• Decide where the gate will be located, its dimensions, mark the location of the posts.
• Mark the location of your posts at a distance of 2 - 2.5 m from each other. Dig holes for posts at least 30 cm deep.

• Install and dig in the posts, while making sure to set the posts strictly according to the level - they should stand straight and not fall into either side. If desired and possible, the posts can be concreted, so they will stand much longer.
• On each column, at the top and bottom, we fasten the beams with a cross section of at least 50 x 50 mm with self-tapping screws.
• We lay crossbars between the posts from above and below and screw them on both sides using self-tapping screws or nails.
• It was the turn to nail the crossbars to the prepared skeleton. The distance between the staples can be at least 1.5-2 cm, but if you want to do this wooden fence solid - nail one board close to the other.
• When your fence is already fully installed, you should start painting it. To do this, once again treat all the wooden elements of the fence with linseed oil, and after it dries with varnish or paint.

For a richer color and more protection from the elements, paint over your fence 2-3 times. This will extend its service life.

Video: Overview of fences. Homemade wood fences

Concrete decorative fence has gained immense popularity in the last decade. The reason for the increase in popularity was the invention of collapsible structures, convenient for transportation and installation. Designers have perfected these concrete structures and filled the markets with all sorts of models of such fences. Such fences are ideal for both industrial enterprises and the private sector (houses, summer cottages).

Advantages of a concrete fence

• Unpretentious;
• Long service life - over 100 years;
• Easy and quick to assemble;
• Affordable price;
• Variety of models.

Disadvantages of such a fence:

• It is difficult to carry out all the operations on assembling the fence on your own; the help of 2-3 people will be required during delivery and installation.

Types of concrete fences:

Sectional type-setting - are widely used for fencing private houses, differ in variety. They are assembled from small sections that are inserted into the grooves of the posts. Everyone can choose for themselves the height of the fence and a specific model. There are openwork sections, lattice and solid. 2-3 people are enough for assembly;

Self-standing - they are more often used for fencing industrial facilities, they represent a huge solid wall, with a large ornament. Such a fence completely hides from prying eyes everything that is on the other side of it. The peculiarity of a self-contained fence is that each of its sections has its own support and does not need pillars at all. The downside is that when installing and dismantling it, you cannot do without a crane.

Having decided to install just such a fence on your site, take care of ventilating the site. If you decide to tightly fence yourself in, then the whole ecosystem of your garden may suffer from such a decision of yours. Without regular ventilation, the soil acidifies, grows overgrown with mosses, and trees begin to rot. The situation will be saved by a few lattice or openwork sections.

Marking the future fence with rope and stakes will help you clearly identify the scope of work, calculate the required number of sections, and mark the locations of future posts. Each section is 200 cm long, so the distance from one post to another will be 205 cm. Mark the place for the posts with stakes, and use a rope to check how level your fence will stand.

Unloading of building materials. The concrete fence sections have a weight of about 70 kg. The pillar itself weighs 90 kg. When unloading, it will be very important for you to take this into account and take measures to facilitate the installation process. If you lay out sections and posts along the entire working area (future fence), then you will significantly reduce both installation time and physical activity.

Installation of columns. This system does not require foundation pouring. The very first post and the latest are installed initially. After that, they dig in all the subsequent ones, strictly in the designated places. If the terrain is uneven, then the height can be adjusted using the height of the posts.

The sections are installed in special grooves located on each post. The lowest layer from below can be overlaid with roofing felt.

If desired, the finished sectional fence can be painted in any color, using special compositions for the facades for painting.

Despite their high cost, brick fences are still very popular. A very large assortment of bricks encourages the construction of more and more new structures that highlight the dignity of each brick.

Advantages of brick fences

• Strength;
• Reliability;
• Durability;
• Fire resistance;
• The beauty;
• Fundamentality.

Now it is customary to select a brick for the fence, under the brick from which the house is made - one complements the other! The fence can be solid and with elements of forging, gratings - everything is at your discretion.

Where to start the installation?

Draw a fence (albeit primitive), this will help to calculate the required amount of building materials. Mark the places of the columns on the plan with dots. Mark the location of the fence on the site. Using a cord and stakes, mark the places of the posts. Do not forget to also mark the place for the future wicket and gate! Measure all corners carefully, each corner must be exactly 90 degrees!

The foundation is the backbone of your fence. The more you place it correctly, the more stable and strong your fence will be. Initially, you should dig a trench for the foundation. For a strip foundation, a trench with a depth of at least 40-50 cm is ideal. But the higher the fence, the deeper and wider the foundation should be laid. IMPORTANT: fill the foundation all at once, otherwise the joints will crack and the structure will not be so strong anymore.

Before pouring concrete into the trench, you should prepare a place for the foundation - lay the so-called "bed". For her, sand must first be poured at the bottom of the trench, then gravel, everything must be thoroughly poured with water from a hose and thoroughly tamped. After that, make the formwork, lay the reinforcement. We fill the formwork with concrete, monitor the level. Let the foundation dry well and acquire the necessary strength. After a week, the formwork is allowed to be removed.

Brick masonry fence. On top of the foundation, be sure to lay a layer of roofing material, it is fixed with liquid glass and cement mortar. Every 2 - 2.5 m we lay out pillars of 25x25 cm. Between the pillars, a socle of 50 cm in height and 25 cm in thickness is laid, above - the usual masonry in one or half brick. For a fence, laying in one brick will be sufficient. But if you are laying a high fence, then it is best to lay it in two rows. At your discretion, lay out with openwork, single-row or combined masonry. When laying, be sure to monitor the level! At the end of the masonry, engage in the jointing, observing its width of 5-6 mm.

Video: DIY brick fences

Chain-link fences - cheap and beautiful!

The cheapest fence option! Even a beginner can handle the installation! All installation work can be done in one day.

The advantages of such a fence:
Provides ventilation of the site;
Durability - service life up to 30 years;
Economical - saving time, saving on labor.
Minuses:
The entire site is clearly visible;

1. Mark your site, using stakes and a cord, mark the future location of the posts and net;
2. Dig holes for the posts. The posts can be either metal or concrete; in the most simplified versions, wooden ones will also do.
3. Depending on the soil, take care of strengthening the posts. If the soil is dense, reliable, it will be enough just to dig a column into it to a depth of 60-70 cm. But if there are any peculiarities, be sure to prepare the holes. Fill the bottom with sand first, and then gravel, insert a column at a right angle (using a level) and fill it with cement mortar.

4. Stretch the net and attach it to the posts. The chain-link can be attached to wooden posts with nails, wire. But you need to attach a chain-link to metal and concrete with special fasteners. However, the most popular type of attachment to any posts is the same wire.

5. With the help of a reinforcing wire stretched between the mesh cells, you need to properly stretch the mesh to prevent it from sagging. It is recommended to stretch the reinforcing wire both from the top and from the bottom of the mesh.
6. To protect the chain-link from metal corrosion, you should paint the mesh cells well with any oil paint on drying oil.

DIY fence made of corrugated board - an inexpensive option

Corrugated fences are also very popular. A large assortment of metal profiles and a huge range of colors contributes to this. If you have building materials and the necessary tools, the work will not take much time and effort.

• Sheets of corrugated board;
• Metal pillars;
• Cross logs (2-3 pcs. For each section);
• Screwdriver;
• Self-tapping screws;
• Level;
• Welding machine;
• Sand;
• Gravel;
• Cement mortar.

Front of works:

Always and everywhere, when installing any fence, you need to mark the location of the fence itself and the posts, as well as the presence of a wicket and a gate.
Drill or dig holes 1-1.2 m deep under the posts.
Use sand, gravel, and water to prepare a pillow for each bollard. The height of such a pillow should be about 25 cm.
Install the prepared metal posts with a cross section of 50x50mm into the drilled holes directly on the gravel pad. Align the pillars with a level and fill their base cement mortar.

Using self-tapping screws, attach the sheets of corrugated board to the resulting frame. But the best option fastening the corrugated board to the joists there will be special rivets for metal. Using them you will protect your brand new fence from intruders.

Installation of a fence made of corrugated board, quickly and inexpensively

After reading this article, I hope you have matured a plan for arranging your site and you were finally able to make the right decision regarding the material for

The owners of summer cottages know that they want to do most of the work on their household plots inexpensively, from available materials and independently, without application special equipment and hard-to-find tools. For example, many summer residents, thinking about how to build a fence with their own hands, try to do it themselves, spending as little resources as possible. Indeed, why involve specialists in the construction of the fence or look for sophisticated equipment, if all the work can be done independently and no less efficiently? Moreover, if you take a creative approach to the choice and search for materials, then the fence will turn out to be inexpensive, but at the same time beautiful and reliable. We offer one of the simplest ways of how to properly build a fence from available materials, so that it is inexpensive and does not take a lot of time from the owner of the cottage.

A wooden fence needs special care, it must be protected from ultraviolet radiation, insects, and moisture.

Required materials and tools

The main thing in the independent erection of certain structures is to choose the right materials and prepare all the tools. With both of these components in place, the work will go off without a hitch.

Therefore, before building a fence, you need to inspect the materials and tools available at the dacha, and in the absence of the necessary, make every effort to get them inexpensively. The following is a minimal list of everything you need to make it inexpensive.

1. First of all, you need to have wooden components that will make up the fence. The cheapest way will be to make it from wooden slats, thin boards with gaps between them. The gaps will reduce the windage, so that a foundation and too long columns will not be needed. In addition to the boards, you will need long longitudinal bars on which these boards will be stuffed. The number of bars depends on the length of the fence. There will be two rows of them. And finally, you will need wooden columns, each about 2-2.5 m in length. If the fence is planned to be low (about 1 m), then the pillars, respectively, can be about 1.5 meters in length. It is possible to use metal or concrete columns if available, but they can be more expensive and require special tools, such as electric welding.
2. If a decision is made to lay a small strip fence under the foundation, then you will also need cement, sand, crushed stone or stone-brick scrap, rods and wire for reinforcement. If the structure is foundationless, then these materials will still be needed to strengthen the bases of the columns. However, the second option requires much less materials.
3. Tools for laying the foundation and installing columns: shovel, hand rammer, concrete mixer (if possible), etc.
4. Tools for working with wooden elements: hacksaw, plane, hammer, nails or screws, screwdriver or screwdriver, etc.
5. Fence paint and wood stain or varnish for wood primer.

Here we tried to make the most inexpensive list of materials and tools. Moreover, when you can do without power tools, because work can be carried out during a period when electricity has not yet been supplied to the new summer cottage settlement.

We build a fence ourselves: step by step instructions

Having procured and armed with all the necessary tools, materials and free time, we build a fence, adhering to the approximate step by step instructions below. Of course, everything can be done in your own way. In such a case, everything depends on the imagination and labor inspiration of the owner of the summer cottage. Here's a simple step-by-step guide.

Making columns and foundation

Stages of concreting a pillar for a wooden fence

1. First, we mark how the fence will be located. Here you can drive in the pegs and pull on the cord. If the foundation will be laid, we will dig a small trench along the cord, which will be the guideline for digging the foundation recess. If there is no foundation, then the lace should be pulled until all the columns are installed. The columns are placed at a distance of 2.5-3 m from each other. This distance depends, firstly, on their number, and secondly, on the length of the prepared longitudinal bars.
2. If a decision is made to lay a small foundation, then a trench is dug for it. For an easy fence with gaps between the slats, such a trench can be very symbolic: 15-20 cm wide and 30-40 cm deep. Pour and compact a layer of sand at its bottom. After tamping, it should be 5-8 cm. Next, 5-8 cm of crushed stone is poured and tamped a little too. Such a shallow foundation can do without reinforcement, but if one is at hand, then two rods, between which the wire will be stretched, will not be superfluous in the foundation.
3. The indentations for the columns are dug deeper than the foundation. For such a fence, it will be enough to dig in the columns half a meter deep. Only those pillars to which the wicket and gate will be attached should be installed stronger and deeper. At the bottom of the pits for the pillars, we also make a sand and crushed stone pillow, similar to the one described for the foundation. We wrap wire reinforcement around the part of the columns to be dug in and place the columns in the grooves. After that, having leveled the pillar, it can be poured with cement. After the cement hardens around the columns, fill in the foundation, if such is foreseen.

We mount the fence

1. Having installed the pillars and treated them with a solution that prevents damage to the wood, we proceed to the assembly of the main fence. There are two possibilities here. The first is that the longitudinal bars are first nailed to the posts, and then the fence strips are nailed to them or fastened with self-tapping screws. The second option may be more convenient. In accordance with it, two parallel longitudinal bars are laid on a flat surface and in this lying position, planks are nailed to them. Then the finished fence is nailed to the columns. We build the first option alone, in the second, when attaching the canvas to the posts, the help of a second person is needed.
2. After the fence is installed, it must be treated with wood stain or drying oil, and also painted. In addition, you need to install decorative elements, for example, a bar can be stuffed on top, which will serve as a decorative visor.

Thus, using improvised and inexpensive materials, tools that are in every summer cottage, and with a little imagination and physical effort, you can protect your summer cottage with a wonderful wooden fence. Perhaps it will not be as durable as metal, brick or sheet material, but around a small summer cottage, it will be a light wooden fence that will look better.

A beautiful and reliable fence will decorate and protect any land plot... When only its construction is planned, the question arises - what is the best choice for making a fence so that it fully fulfills its functions? For this, the location and purpose of the structure should be taken into account. If the fence protects the area from the street, then it is made of more durable materials. For example, from stone, corrugated board, concrete, brick, wood. For fencing from neighbors or zoning your site, you can build a fence made of chain-link, plastic, picket fence. Sometimes such a structure is made of two different materials, successfully combining them with each other.

Combined options for fences are practical and often economical without loss of "presentability"

Let's take a closer look at what to make the fence from. We list the most popular building materials for a fence, from which durable and presentable structures are made.

Concrete blocks

Concrete block fencing

If you make a fence of two elements, concrete pillars and blocks, then it will last longer than a cottage can stand. This is a symbol of inaccessibility and reliability. The main advantages of concrete include:

• Simple and fast assembly.
• High resistance to all types of influences.
• It can be built on any kind of ground.
• There are many options for block designs. Their sizes may also vary.
• Durability.

And now a few disadvantages:

• The high cost of construction.
• The area will not be sufficiently ventilated.
• To do it, you need to involve construction equipment.
• If the manufacturing technology is not followed, the fence may warp after the winter season.

Professional list

Fencing made of profiled sheet with posts made of shaped pipes

Often the choice of material for the fence is often limited by the availability of those in the local market. A professional sheet is one of the most common materials for arranging a fence, especially for a fence in the country. It combines ease of installation, affordable cost and structural durability. Completely obscures the visibility of the site. There are many materials on the market, and the sizes of the sheets allow you to make fences of various heights. It is recommended to use sheets not just galvanized, but also covered with a polymer layer, due to which the service life of the corrugated board increases significantly.

Advantages of a fence made of a profiled sheet:

• It is being built quickly. You can build a fence yourself.
• Light weight of the sheets, which eliminates the need for the construction of a powerful foundation.
• They combine well with stone and brick pillars, but the sheets can also be installed on a frame made of metal pipes.
• Resistant to moisture, frost and heat.
• Does not fade in sunlight.
• To make the new fence beautiful, it is better to make it from curly corrugated board, the upper part of which resembles domes or peaks.
• Relatively inexpensive

Figured profile

Cons of material:

• An impenetrable wall is formed on the site, which plants do not really like.
• The fence looks monotonous, in the form of a solid monochromatic wall.

Forged metal fence

This fence looks very stylish. It can be combined with or stone pillars. It usually consists of two elements: an inflated foundation and directly forged gratings.

Advantages:

• Presentable look.
• The fence can be made by individual drawing taking into account the desired section sizes.
• Variety of manufacturing options.
• The site is perfectly blown with air.
• Correct metal processing provides high-quality corrosion protection.

Disadvantages:

• The plot will be fully visible inside. In some cases, sections are mounted with some facing materials, due to which the visibility of the site is partially blocked.
• Periodically metal elements it is necessary to tint.

Wooden fencing

A horizontal checkerboard fence made of wood - quite modern version execution

It is advantageous to make a structure made of wood in the event that there is an excess of wood or there is an option where to get it, substandard, it can be of decent quality. In all other cases, the cost of manufacturing it will be quite high (with the exception of the picket fence). There are the following types of wooden fences:

• Fence. Can be thinned or solid.
• Boards. Can be mounted horizontally, angled or vertically.
• Wood grill. The planks are usually at an angle.
• a fence made of boards.

Which better fence to do, it is up to each owner of the site himself. The location of the fence and the need to ventilate the site are taken into account.

Pros of wood:

• Eco-friendly material.
• Nice appearance.
• Ease of installation.
• It can be successfully integrated into the design of the site.
• Combines with any other materials.
• It is lightweight and therefore does not require a strong foundation.

Disadvantages of fencing:

• High price.
• The need for periodic treatments from pests and dampness (pillars in the ground are especially affected).
• The service life of wood is not too long.

Brick

Brick fencing is considered traditional. It has been successfully used for many years. Brick is a symbol of consistency and reliability, emphasizes the taste of the owners.

Advantages:

• Reliable fencing.
• Harmonizes with almost everyone building materials: stone, metal, wood, glass.
• Durability.
• Does not require repair and maintenance.

Disadvantages:

• When a brick fence is made, a strong foundation is poured due to the significant weight of the structure.
• The cost of such a structure is considered one of the highest.
• Masonry requires the involvement of qualified craftsmen.

Stone

Appearance fence from the wild natural stone

For the manufacture of a fence, stone can be used as well as artificial. The latter option will cost significantly less. Advantage of a stone fence:

• Excellent appearance.
• Durability.
• Reliability.
• Lack of care.

Disadvantages:

• High price, especially if you make a fence made of natural stone. You also need to consider the cost of delivery of materials.
• The timing of its production can take a long time.

Gabion - a fence made of stones in a grid

Rabitz

Fencing made of green mesh netting

For fences, a galvanized or polymer-coated mesh is used. It is better to use a material with a polymer layer, if possible. The dimensions of the mesh are selected depending on how high the fence is being made.

Chain-link advantages:

• The entire area is well ventilated.
• Inexpensive price - it is the lowest among all materials used for the construction of fences.
• Ease and speed of installation - important for summer cottage.
• You can choose the size of the cells as needed.
• Ease of construction.

Disadvantages:

• The plot is fully visible.
• Using a special tool, the mesh can be cut and penetrated into the site.
• The net can be stolen from the site in your absence.

Plastic

Chess board made of dark plastic picket fence

Plastic fencing is unsuitable for fencing a plot from the street, but it is successfully used for zoning an area, as well as for establishing boundaries between neighboring plots.

Pros of plastic:

• make the site more aesthetic.
• Functional areas are successfully delineated. For example, flower beds, playgrounds, recreation areas.
• Plastic is resistant to temperature extremes, is not afraid of moisture, does not rot.
• With time plastic fence will not change color.
• There are many design options from which you can choose the most suitable type of fence.
• The sizes of the plastic sections give you even more creative options.

Disadvantages of plastic:

• Insufficient resistance to mechanical damage.
• It is advisable to use only inside the site.
• The service life usually does not exceed 12-15 years.

We have analyzed the most popular materials for the construction of fences. Which one is better to choose and what the fence can be made of is decided on an individual basis, taking into account many related factors. Consider the purpose of the fence, the location of the site (house or summer cottage), your financial capabilities, and possible labor costs.

Since ancient times, people have tried to fence their possessions with a fence, a hedge, unconsciously perceiving the fence as a symbol of reliability and strength. But many do not think about the fact that the fence has not only a protective function, but also a decorative one. There are many types of fencing. When choosing them, it is advisable to resort to the help of contracting crews who perfectly know how to build a fence. There is a fairly large selection of materials from which you can. For example, wood, concrete, stone, corrugated board, metal, netting or plants (for hedges).

Types of fences: corrugated board, brick, stone, concrete, picket fence, chain-link mesh.

Consider the features of the main types of fences, options for their construction and some of the nuances.

And only then we build a fence.

We build a wooden fence

One of the less labor-intensive fencing options, as well as the least expensive financially. Even a wooden fence, with its wide distribution, makes it possible to unleash your imagination in choosing a construction method.

So how do you build a wood fence? A wooden fence is mounted quite easily. The pillars go deep into the ground approximately 120 cm, after which they are poured with cement-concrete mortar. The installation depth of the pillars is determined by the soil and terrain. As pillars are often used shaped pipes with a diameter of 60 * 80 mm. Further, the pillars are connected by girders, which are attached respectively to the pillars, and lastly, the boards are attached - the main part of the fence. In order to evenly install the pillars, first install the first and last. After that, pulling a rope between them, mount the remaining ones, aligning with the extreme pillars. When choosing such a fence, it is necessary to take into account the obligatory annual impregnation to prevent rotting.

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We build a metal fence

A metal fence is rightfully considered one of the most expensive, but also the least demanding to care for (some types are desirable to be painted once a year). During installation, holes are dug for pillars with a depth of at least 1.5 m. After installing the pillars (they are poured with a cement-concrete mixture), horizontal railings are welded from the corners. Their number will depend on the height of the fence, the recommended distance is 50-70 cm. Holes for bolts are drilled in the corners, after which they begin to fasten the sheets of the fence itself using self-tapping screws or special rivets. The sheets are overlapped. It should be remembered that for the gate opening, the pillars are installed with a larger diameter. A metal fence is very difficult to install yourself.

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Building a brick fence

A brick fence on a strip foundation with solid masonry between the pillars: 1. Strip foundation 2. Ground level 3. Iron pillar 4. Brickwork

Of course, there are many ways to reduce the cost of a brick fence, but all of them are used at the expense of quality. Under a brick fence, it is mandatory strip foundation, since a brick fence is a rather heavy structure. For laying bricks, cement mortar is used, and for better adhesion, the brick is pre-soaked in water. It is necessary to ensure that the same amount of mortar is between the rows of bricks. Excess solution must be removed immediately. At the end of the work, the seams of the fence are treated with a special compound or protective impregnation.

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Concrete fence

It is impossible to cope with the installation of the fence yourself without certain knowledge. How to build a concrete fence? Before installation, the site is marked, you need to calculate the total length of the fence, determine the location of the future gates and wickets. This is followed by the calculation of the differences in ground level and the height of the fence. The method of installing the fence, the location of long and short openings will mainly depend on the quality of the soil. Then markings are made for the location of future pillars, gates, wickets. Pits for pillars are dug to a depth of freezing of the soil, approximately 1.5 m. Sand and crushed stone are laid in the pits to the height of the lower part of the pillar. Water is poured from above, and only after that the supports are installed. A plinth slab is placed between all the pillars. And only after that the slabs are filled with liquid cement. After the cement has set (usually 3 days), the rest of the fence can be installed. The gates of the wicket are hung last.

The question of how to make a fence on garden plot, worries both summer residents and owners of private cottages to the same extent. In addition to the functions of dividing plots or protecting against the penetration of strangers into the territory of the household, the fence also serves an aesthetic purpose. Creative ideas home craftsmen sometimes lead to the creation of real masterpieces from the materials available. But both the elite and the simplest in design, the fence is erected according to the same principles. Therefore, it is useful to know how to properly put a fence on the site.

How to choose the right material?

Among the materials offered on the construction markets, there are a wide variety of products that are perfect for installing fences. Among them are the following:

• lumber (boards, slab, picket fence) are considered the most affordable and convenient, since almost everyone can carry out processing without the use of special equipment and with a minimum set of tools;
• corrugated board, metal picket fence, forged sections or polycarbonate during installation require the preliminary installation of metal supports, which means that work with materials that are difficult to process;
• the chain-link mesh is convenient in itself, but the installation of supports implies the same manipulations as in the previous case;
• various materials at hand leave room for imagination, but require non-standard solutions during installation;
• brick, concrete goods and stone need to be connected with cement mortar or mesh.

In the latter case, the structure will turn out to be quite heavy, so it is imperative to put a foundation under it. The device of this structural element requires earth and concrete work, which greatly complicates the process of erecting a fence. Such massive structures are usually made for country house, in which they live permanently. They are an element overall design and are often created from materials that are in harmony with the facade finish.

Combined designs look very nice.

They include fence elements made from different materials. The most common options for combining brick or stone pillars with metal or lumber.

In each individual case, the landlord decides how to choose a fence for a cottage, focusing solely on his own needs. Not the least role in the choice is played by the cost of parts and the entire structure as a whole.

Do I need permission to build a fence?

Construction rules and norms regulate many aspects of the construction of fences: the distance to water bodies and trees, to buildings for other purposes, to roads, etc. building rules. Most often, a permit is applied for if you want to install a fence with a height of more than 2 m. The architect of the city must also permit construction on the corner section, since an incorrectly installed fence can obstruct the view at the intersection of streets.

The manufacture of fences between sites is also regulated. So that neighboring beds and green spaces do not suffer from a lack of sun, building codes stipulate that the maximum height of the fence should not exceed 1.5 m.For the same purpose, there is another rule: it must be as transparent as possible. This quality of the fence depends both on which material to choose and on the design of the structure itself. For the fence dividing 2 adjacent sections, it is recommended to choose different nets, picket fence, openwork sections made of concrete or metal. In any case, the gap between the opaque elements must be at least the width of the part itself.

A blank fence can be erected only from the side of the street, but with an agreement with the neighbors, it is possible to build it between the estates.

In this case, it is better to draw up a written contract before making a fence in the country.

To avoid a dispute between neighbors on land surveying, before making hedges, you need to contact the BTI. After accurate measurements of the boundaries of the site, you need to make markings on the ground. This part is required in preparation for the main stages of construction.

Preparatory work

Before you build a fence in the country, you should familiarize yourself with the options for its design. An illustration in a book, shots from your favorite films, and your own imagination or a beautiful fence near some cottage are suitable for inspiration. Fence projects for country houses are also available in the architectural bureau: when applying for a permit, you can simultaneously solve the issue of choosing the appearance of the fence for the dacha. Having considered the sketches of fences or creating them yourself, you can draw up a plan of the site and determine its length and width.

Based on these data, it is easy to calculate how much material is required for the posts and the fence fabric. The fence scheme should be drawn to scale for the calculation to be as accurate as possible. In some cases, it will be necessary to take into account how high the fence should be. When purchasing concrete products, boards and sheet materials, one has to reckon with standard sizes individual elements.

After the plan is drawn up, you can make markings on the ground. This requires pegs (poles) and a thin cord. If the border along which fences and railings for the house are being erected is a straight line, then it will be enough to drive in stakes at the corners of the site. With the curvilinear outlines of a private household, landmarks will have to be placed on relatively straight parts of the border. A cord is pulled tightly between the stakes, along which the entire row of support posts for the fence will subsequently be aligned.

Using a tape measure, you need to find and mark the place of each support and the location of the entrance group.

Typically, the spacing of the posts is 2 m, but this is an optional number. The sections can be made smaller, but it is not recommended to install long spans: the mesh may sag, and blind fences will have too much windage with a minimum of fastenings. When choosing accessories for a fence with fixed dimensions, you need to determine the step depending on the length of the material. A peg must be driven in at the location of each pillar, since the mark on the ground can be washed off by rain or accidentally wiped off during the movement of people and animals.

What do you need for construction?

Do-it-yourself fence construction should be started by purchasing some materials and tools that you may need in your work. In order not to be mistaken with the choice, you need to know what the fence consists of, and based on this, decide what you can build it from. The main details of any design are supporting elements (pillars), veins or slopes (horizontal fasteners) and a fence fabric (a plane made of some material).

Having decided what to make a fence from, and having determined the amount of necessary materials, House master goes to the store and buys the following tools and accessories for the fence:

• shovel;
• plumb line and level;
• roulette;
• a saw for wood or a grinder (for a metal fence);
• hammer and nails or screws and screwdriver;
• pillars for support (a 10x10 cm bar or a steel pipe with a diameter of 10 cm);
• cement, sand and crushed stone;
• corner or thin pipe for metal veins;
• bar 5x5 cm for wooden parts;
• materials for the fence fabric - of your choice.

When building a fence made of polycarbonate, corrugated board or chain-link, you will definitely need welding machine for attaching the veins to the posts. But this service can be ordered in a trade organization, providing the dimensions and a sketch, or call the master at home, because not everyone knows how to make welds correctly.

When building a summer cottage fence with your own hands from unconventional materials, you will have to think over the method of attaching the canvas to the supports yourself. If a heavy stone structure is planned, then bricks or natural material will be required.

For gabion structures, you will have to purchase a special mesh.

Fencing mounting technology

Lightweight fences and barriers for the home are built according to the same principles. Regardless of what material is chosen for fencing the site, the construction of fences is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. After the markings have been made and the place of each pillar is indicated, you need to dig holes for the supports. Since deep pits have to be expanded when working with a shovel and the post can be displaced during installation, the mark can be transferred to the cord, marking the center of the support with colored tape or thread. After that, the pole must be pulled out and a hole must be dug out at least 50 cm deep. It is desirable that its bottom be below the freezing point of the soil.
2. Backing up the crushed stone into the pit with a layer of 15–20 cm. Tamp the material.
3. Place a pillar in the pit, aligning it with the mark and vertically. In order for it to maintain its position, you need to spread it with large stones or wooden wedges. If the work is carried out with an assistant, then he can hold the support in the desired position. Fill the pit with crushed stone mixed with sand and dry cement (4: 3: 1, respectively) to the top, ramming during backfill. Check the verticality of the column again and lightly pour the cement-crushed stone mixture with water (the amount of liquid is about 1/10 of the volume of the mixture).
4. Install the rest of the pillars in the same way. It will be possible to continue working in 24–48 hours.
5. When the footing is in place, you can begin attaching the veins. It is advisable to calculate the places of their installation so that the ends of the boards or the edges of the sheet material are no more than 30–40 cm above and below them. If the canvas is selected partially transparent (picket fence, polycarbonate, mesh), the same distance from the upper and lower edges of the canvas to the veins will look beautiful. Check the horizontal level of each slab with a level.
6. After installing the horizontal structural elements, you can begin to fasten the fence curtain. Individual parts (board, picket fence) are installed individually, fastening is done with nails or screws. Before making a fence with your own hands, it is advisable to pull the cord to align the piece elements in height. It is easier to check the horizontalness of the profiled sheet or polycarbonate with a level.
7. To construct a wicket made of wood, the bars must be laid parallel to each other and stuffed with pickets, making sure that the parts do not move. Flip inside out and measure out the bar for making a diagonal stiffener. Cut off its ends at an angle, lay it between the horizontal bars and attach with nails or self-tapping screws to each vertical bar at the intersection. For a wicket or gate made of sheet material, it is necessary to weld a metal frame on which a profiled sheet, mesh or polycarbonate cut to the size of the product should be fixed.

According to these rules, you can build a budget fence at a summer cottage from relatively cheap materials. You can add and decorate it with decorative posts made of brick or stone. To do this, after installing the vertical supports and attaching the veins, the steel pipes are lined with building material, connecting the masonry elements with cement mortar (1 part of cement and 3 parts of sand). In the presence of a large number bricks can be laid out and a decorative plinth under the sections.

Thanks to this design, a fence placed near the house with your own hands looks much more solid than an ordinary fence made of a metal profile or a chain-link on a frame. Brickwork can be combined with wood, but the supports still need to be made of steel, welded on them short sections of the corner, to which, after the construction of brick pillars, it will be possible to attach sections.

A homemade fence made of openwork bent or forged sections will turn out to be especially stylish and elegant. This is not the cheapest option, but the owner has the right to decide for himself which fence is in harmony with his house. Ready-made sections can be bought or ordered according to your own sketches from a construction company or a blacksmith's workshop.

Their installation is done by welding.

An original fence for a summer residence with your own hands can be built from waste material. Many collect empty plastic bottles in order to make a variety of objects out of them. Country fences were no exception: by connecting empty containers with wire or cement, people make reliable fences for a plot in a horticultural cooperative.

For the manufacture of 1 element of the fence, you can cut off the bottoms of bottles of the same size. After that, the parts are strung on a fishing line or wire, passing it through the cover. The bottles are pushed into one another through the cut-off bottoms until they stop. The line is fixed.

Having made many of these "shtaketin", they should be strung on a thick steel wire tied to the posts. Aligning the piece elements in height, the wire is passed through the side surfaces of the bottles at the top and bottom. If the plastic picket fence is very high, you can make 3-4 horizontal rows of wire to make the fence stronger.

Plastic fences for a private house can be done differently. This will require a concrete mix of sand and cement. Having filled the foundation and a low base (about 20 cm), PET bottles are placed horizontally in the formwork, placing their bottoms in the same vertical plane. After that, a row of empty containers is poured with a solution and the procedure is repeated until the desired height is reached.

Decorative wooden fences

If the plot in a private house is decorated in a rustic style, then a wattle or a fence made of poles will be an excellent addition to the garden design. The first option involves the creation of a fence of vertical posts intertwined with flexible material. Clearing away new site or surroundings from thickets of American maple, willow or other shrubs with long straight twigs, you can simultaneously get rid of debris and make a beautiful fence.

Many people know how to properly install a decorative wattle fence: this is the most common type of fences in Russian villages. Even the presence modern materials has not diminished the popularity of durable and cheap fences. To make a wattle fence, a row of thick stakes is driven into the ground. The step between them is small, only 50-60 cm. After all the stakes are installed along the marking line, they are intertwined with horizontally arranged flexible rods.

A fence made of poles has more symbolic meaning, marking the border of the site.

Several horizontal crossbars are tied or nailed to the dug-in pillars. The distance between them is quite large (up to 50 cm), so such a fence will not save you from unauthorized entry. It can be used as a fence between sectors.

Gabion fences

There is another way, how to put a fence without wasting time and money, using junk raw materials. To create a gabion, a rigid galvanized welded mesh is used. The most important thing is to choose a cell size so that the content does not fall out.

To install the structure, you need to dig in steel pillars, as for a conventional fence.

The grid is positioned so that the columns are between 2 of its layers. The space inside can be filled with cobblestone or stone fragments, broken glass, rubble, etc.

Having filled 50 cm of the gabion height, you need to install a number of hooks (braces) so that the mesh does not deform during further filling. The step between the braces is 30-50 cm. After that, you can fill in another 50 cm of volume and reinforce the wall with hooks again. So proceed to the end, raising the filler layer to the very top of the mesh.

Fence designs can be very different. It is important to monitor the verticality of the posts at the very first stage of construction. Knowing how to correctly install the supports, the master will be able to cope with the rest of the operations without much effort.