Copper long burning on solid fuel is an economical option of home heating.

When choosing a solid fuel unit, you need to pay attention to:

1. Type of device, pros and cons of each of them.
2. Type of main fuel.
3. Power.
4. The volume of the loading chamber and the duration of burning.
5. Material used for the manufacture of heat exchanger.
6. Energy consumption.
7. Autonomy and security.

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Types of solid fuel units of long burning:

1. Devices working on the principle of upper combustion.
2. Pellet.

Pyrolysis boilers

A feature of these devices is that inside them arises pyrolysis, that is, decomposition of firewood on simpler substances.This charcoal (formed when) or coke (occurs when the coal is loaded) and the gases, most of which can burn and highlight heat. Pyrolysis can occur only under conditions of high temperature and lack of oxygen.

The main difference of pyrolysis stoves is that almost everything educated substances During pyrolysis burns (only carbon dioxide and nitrogen is lit.) In other wood boilers, many carbon monoxide comes through the chimney. Burning formed gases gives 90% percent of the heat furnace produced.Heat that occurs when burning charcoal is largely used to support pyrolysis.

The gases formed during pyrolysis are heated and removed into a separate chamber, in which they burn. Air into this chamber is served as a separate channel.

Pyrolysis furnace design:

1. Two cameras. In one lit fuel, in the other - carbon monoxide gases. The second camera may be over the furnace or under it. The second option is more common. It is easier to produce it.
2. Fan. There are in those tree boilers in which the car's chamber is under fire. It is needed for feeding carbon monoxide into the car's chamber. It works from electricity. In the devices for the house with a fan-plated chamber, there is no fan.
3. System that serves air In each of the cameras separately.
4. Heat Exchanger.
5. Chimney. In models with the bottom chamber of the car, it is very simple. In the second type of furnace for the house, it has a form, because the heat is very close to the chimney. If you do not collect it on time, then it will come out. Snake this problem prevents this problem.

See also: Cleaning solid fuel boiler from resin and soot

Pros and cons pyrolysis boilers

Modern solid fuel boilers have such advantages:

1. A high percentage of fuel combustion.
2. Automotive work. You only need to configure the operating mode, load firewood and clean clean.
3. Ability to use any type of fuel. Except for some models are pellets: they may fall into the lower chamber.

Disadvantages:

1. Only that fuel can be used, the humidity of which is less than 20%.
2. And other electrical components require electric current.
3. The need for a bandwidth or elevator node when the heat carrier is highly cooled in the heating system. The return water needs to be heated, diluting with hot to not affect the pyrolysis process.

Boilers with the principle of upper burning

Such devices can be called a hybrid of standard solid fuel boilers and pyrolysis because the coolant is heated both from the combustion of firewood and from partial combustion of carbon monoxide gases.

The furnace for the house is a high narrow vertical container, in the middle of which a large amount of wood or coal is laid, and around which the water shirt is located. The fuel is on top of it, and the released gases are tremble at the top of the heat chamber. Because of this, put new firewood inside can only be completely combustion of fuel.

The best solid fuel boiler of this type is "Stropor". If you burn firewood in this device, the download must be made every 6-12 hours. On the corner it works up to 5 days.

1. Automatic adjustment of the intensity of fuel combustion.
2. Many options do not need electrical energy.
3. It can work in the heating system without circulation pumps.
4. Relatively low price.

The main minus - the inability to give a good efficiency on the bad stuff. It must have a humidity of 13-20%.

Pellet boiler

To the aggregates of long-burning, he fell because it has a special design that allows download Pellets once a month.

See also: Features of stainless steel boilers

The design of this element of the heating system includes a selected capacitance in which pellets pellets. The volume of the container is such that the pellets is enough for a whole month. Fuel from the bunker supplies a special mechanism. It works using electrical energy.

Benefits:

1. CPD reaches 90-95%.
2. Actually complete combustion of fuel. Cleaning can be carried out once a month.
3. Fuel can be downloaded once a month or a few months (it all depends on the volume of the bunker).

Disadvantages:

1. Electric current dependence.
2. High price.
3. The need for solid and minor pellets.

Boiler power and fuel type

To choose from this criterion you need to know how much heat it should create for heating the entire premises and for water heating in an indirect boiler.

For the heating of the room, the power is determined, based on the fact that 10 square meters. M must accounted for 1 kW. This is provided if the walls are below 3 m. The amount of heat required to heat the water is added to the figure. Considate a certain stock.

In the furnaces you can burn:

1. Firewood.
2. Coal.
3. Peat.
4. Slate.
5. Pellets.
6. Briquettes and other types.

Volume of loading chamber and boiler power

The ratio of these indicators is very important. It shows how often you have to load firewood into the combustion chamber.

For example, the volume of the loading chamber of the pyrolysis boiler Viessmann Vitoligno 100-S 25 is 110 liters. Power is 25 kW. The ratio will be 110/25 \u003d 4.4 l / kW. This indicator is good for boilers of this type, because on average it ranges from 3.44 to 4.9 l / kW.

Model "Rodropus" According to this indicator, it is better - 12.5-20 l / kW (models power ranges from 10 to 40 kW). The best in this ratio is a pellet boiler for long burning - 30 l / kW and more.

Material and type of heat exchanger

This assembly node is cast iron and steel. Cast iron heat exchanger It is a design consisting of sections. It is completely collapsible. This feature gives a lot of advantages:

1. Convenience of transportation.
2. Convenient installation and maintenance.
3. The ability to repair (replace a bad section).
4. You need to clean less often. Even with a naigar or a dry rust element gives a decent efficiency.

To purchase a suitable heating unit for a private house, you need to soberly assess the characteristics of the options offered and take into account all the features of the housing you want to heat up. To cope with this task, you will have to produce accurate mathematical calculations and thoroughly think about the delivery of fuel. The information you receive from this article will help you understand how to choose a solid fuel boiler for long burning. Use the proposed material to avoid common errors and take the right solution.

Varieties and principles of operation of solid fuel boilers

If you have to choose a boiler on a solid fuel for long burning, first read the classification of these aggregates. Having a general idea of \u200b\u200bexisting varieties, you can navigate in a wide range and immediately exclude not suitable options. Solid fuel heating boilers differ in several features that will be described further in the article.

According to the combustion of fuel

The boilers of heating long burning on solid fuel are divided into two categories:

• Traditional. They implemented the most simple fuel combustion scheme. According to the principle of work, they resemble an ordinary furnace with a special window for fuel supply. The main element is a heat exchanger that provides temperature transmission directly to the coolant. Such boilers are distinguished by unprecedented reliability and durability, but their efficiency leaves much to be desired.

• Pyrolysis (gas generator). This type is different increased level Efficiency. Such aggregates are produced thermal energy, burning fuel special means. At first, the unit dries fuel. Next should be degassing, during which about 85% of substances are converted into combustible gas during combustion. The remaining 15% remain in the form of coal. In the inner cavity of the combustion chamber, the temperature rises to 600 °, due to which combustible gas is oxidized and flammifies. This process leaves a burning coal layer. The mass of low-temperature gases is saturated with carbon, providing an increase in temperature to 1000 °. In such conditions, coal decomposes, highlighting a large amount of thermal energy. The air flow lifted to the upper wall of the combustion chamber sends the flame vertically down. Due to this, the combustion process becomes manageable. Continuous air supply provides permanent oxidation of combustible gases.

By material manufacturing

In the assortment of household solid fuel boilers there are aggregates made from different materials. Manufacturers use two types of metals:

• Cast iron. The boiler made of cast iron and is a sectional design, each department of which can be separated from the rest. The possibility of disassembly makes the unit more convenient during transportation and installation. In the event of the need for repair work This feature significantly facilitates the task of the master. During the operation of the cast-iron boiler, the inner walls of the combustion chamber are subjected to chemical corrosion. They appear dry rust (film consisting of iron oxide). As a rule, it does not progress, so the aggregate efficiency remains at a steady high level. Often it is not necessary to clean it from Nagara. The only significant disadvantage is susceptibility to temperature drops. The heat punch may damage the chamber walls. There are such cases to avoid.

• Steel. The boiler made from this metal is a monoblock unit that is assembled in the factory. Disassemble it for convenience of transportation will not be possible. Steel solid fuel boilers Durable combustion is not afraid of heat shots, so they are more widely used automatic electronic modes change devices. However, systematic temperature differences lead to the formation of tired zones on the walls of the combustion chamber, which over time leads to the rug of metal. If this happens, repair the unit will not succeed.

By type of fuel used

Heating solid fuel boilers of long-term combustion are divided into four categories by type of burning fuel:

• On firewood. The most common variety. Its popularity is explained by the simplicity of construction and unpretentious to fuel. A solid fuel boiler for long burning on firewood can work almost under any conditions, but it has one significant disadvantage - the lack of automation. As the fuel is combined, the user has to put in the firewood firebox.

• On the corner. Suitable for the house of the large area much more than wood. Coal has low cost and convenience in transportation.
• On pellet. As a fuel for this specification, fuel wood granules are used, which are compressed woodworking waste. They are called pellets. A relatively small chamber of combustion of the pellet boiler burns briquettes, producing a large amount of heat.
• On sawdust. A separate type of solid fuel boilers, in which sawdust, dry grass, leaves and other waste are burned. Such aggregates provide high-quality housing heating, as well as solve the problem of recycling of vegetable garbage.

Double-circuit

Solid fuel dual-circuit boilers of long burning are distinguished by the fact that not only housing is heated, but also heated water for use in domestic purposes. Having established such an aggregate, you will heat the house and at the same time solve the problem of providing warm water For bathroom and kitchen. A solid fuel boiler of long-term combustion with water circuit is more expensive, but it disappears the need for the installation of a gas column or boiler.

Criteria for the choice of boilers on solid fuel for long burning

With a general classification of boilers on a solid stuel, we have already become familiarized. It was time to consider the criteria for which private house owners determine the optimal appropriate variants of aggregates for the installation of heating systems. After reading the subsequent sections, you will learn how to choose a solid fuel boiler for long burning for your home.

Type of fuel

First of all, you must decide what fuel will be used for heating. Excel from what kind of fuel is more convenient to buy and deliver. If you have harvested wood, it will be reasonable to purchase boilers on firewood. Owners of cottages where there are no trees, you can recommend heating with pellets. Coal boilers are suitable for those who have the opportunity to order high-quality fuel on favorable terms. Systems of heating on sawdust, as a rule, are used to heat the wood processing.

Power

To determine the necessary power of the heating system, you need to make simple mathematical calculations. Calculate the total area of \u200b\u200bpremises that are going to fuck. The resulting digit will help you find in a wide range of solid fuel boilers of long-term combustion model with the corresponding parameters. Keep in mind: It is always necessary to provide power supply so that with a strong winter frost in the house it was not cold.

Device weight

When choosing a solid fuel boiler for long-term combustion to heat the private house, the mass parameter is taken into account only if the owner intends to fix the purchased unit on the wall. According to the state standards established by the Russian gas service, this method of installation is allowed for heating boilers with a volume of less than 100 liters.

Volume of loading chamber

This parameter characterizes the ratio of the volume of fixed fuel with the power of the heating unit. The more fuel fit in the boot chamber, the less you will have to replenish firewood / coal / pellets. For steel boilers, the ratio of these quantities is 1.6-2.6 l / kW. Cast iron heating units consume fuel in smaller quantities - 1.1-1.4 l / kW.

The total loading chamber will help you roughly appreciate the possibilities. Fill it 100% you will not succeed in any case. Where most important is the useful volume of the loading chamber. This value displays the actual amount of fuel, which you can download to the combustion chamber. To determine it, you need to know the combustion principle of the fuel selected boiler and the way of loading fuel (top or front).

Efficiency

One of the most important parameters for any solid fuel heating unit of long-term combustion. The digit expresses the efficiency of the boiler, characterizes the part of the heat generated by thermal energy, which is actually spent on the heating of housing. Choosing an aggregate with a high efficiency, you can reduce power requirements. Low efficiency implies excess heat consumption, so you have to add more fuel to maintain an acceptable temperature in the house.

Review of the best manufacturers

The modern market of heating systems for private houses is fulfilled by proposals from a variety of brands, but not all of these aggregates can boast reliability and durability. How to choose a domestic solid fuel boiler for long burning You learned from the preceding sections of the article. It's time to narrow the search area to the circle of those producers who truly deserve respect:

1. Stropuva. Trading mark "Stropuv" produces high-quality coal heating boilers with a high level of efficiency and a long burning period after each bookmark.
2. Hearth. The Foci company produces solid fuel boilers equipped with heat exchangers of the most modern design. The aggregates of this brand are distinguished by durability and high performance.
3. WichLacz. Reliable Polish brand producing canceled solid fuel boilers working on the principle of layer-by-layer combustion.
4. Vaedarrian. Dear worldwide manufacturer of coal, wood and coal-wood solid fuel boilers.
5. Don. Heating units of this brand are distinguished by reliability and durability. With minimal fuel consumption, "Don" provides a high level of efficiency.
6. Teplodar. Heating units of long-term combustion of the brand Heplodar in their reliability and productivity can be compared with the best braes of German manufacturers.

Where to buy and how much cost

The acquisition of a solid fuel boiler for long-term combustion for heating a private house is a serious task. It is necessary to approach her with maximum responsibility. Such an aggregate is worth a lot of money, so the first thing you need to evaluate the reliability of the selling parties. In the table below, you will find contact details and some commercial offers of verified Moscow suppliers of heating equipment.

Name of the organization	Address, Website	Name of the proposed model		Price, rub
"TEKHNODOM"	Factory highway, house number 9a; Website: Teh-Dom		Double-circuit pyrolysis
		Viardus Woodpell 7.	Automatic pellet
"Thermo-World"	ul. Aircraft designer mile, house number 15; Website: Termo-Mir	Don KS-T-16	Drovna
		Don KS-GV-50N	Drovna
"Guarantcomfort"	Business Park Rumyantsevo, Kiev Highway, House No. 1, Corpus A, Office №905; Website: Garantcomfort		Coal-woods
			Coal-woods
"Teplodar"	Website: TepLodar	Teplodar Kupper OK15	Universal solid fuel
		Teplodar Kupper OK20.	Universal solid fuel
		Teplodar Kupper OK20.	Universal solid fuel

Video

For those who are deprived of the opportunity to purchase an expensive heating boiler, the option of assembling such an aggregate at home is suitable. The video clip below will explain in detail how to do it. Listen to the advice of specialists, and you can independently create an alternative for a solid fuel boiler for long-term combustion.

The options for heating a private house or country building are quite a lot, one of which is the use of solid fuel, that is, firewood and coal. This method quickly warms the room, but it is profitable to mount it only at the eas increasing material of the material for burning. You can save on acquisition and make it your own hands for long burning boilers on firewood. Loading 24 hours and more is considered optimal, so we will analyze it in more detail.

Model of finished aggregate

The principle of operation of aggregates is reduced to the processing of pyrolysis gases. Solids are smoldering with a very small flow of oxygen, while decaying the various components where the main is pyrolysis gas. That is, in the process of operation, the fuel is first combined, then the dedicated gas, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of 20-25% and the bookmark time of the next part of the wood.

A large number of aggregates are made of cast iron and steel, where the structure itself is made of the second material, and the camera is from the first one. Only an open combustion chamber is used, where the oxygen fence comes from the room. To control the flame level, the damper is mounted. The contour of the heat carrier goes in a chamber circle.

As solid fuel in such aggregates, you can use:

• firewood is the most common option;
• tree pallets (woodworking waste);
• coal briquettes.

Tip! If you installed a wood heating boiler for a private house, make the fuel load vertically to zoom in the extension.

Article on the topic:

Firewood is not the only solid fuel. There are aggregates that are able to work on several species. About them and talk!

Variations of equipment

All solid fuel units are conditionally divided into homemade and purchased. The first does not have a large functionality and are made of a girlfriend, and their use requires control, and the efficiency of the efficiency reaches only 60%.

Industrial options are equipped with various fixtures that facilitate operation. They can be divided into subgroups:

• with built-in electric ten (maximum 2 kW), which allows not to delay equipment in full combustion of fuel;
• with air rotating nozzles that serve for long-term gases;
• with the cooling of the camera, that is, an emergency circuit is mounted to enhance safety;
• with the regulation of the clamping the door extending the service life.

The efficiency of purchased equipment can reach 85%, which significantly saves fuel resources.

Positive and negative moments in long-burning boilers up to 7 days and less

The price of heating boilers on long-burning firewood is different and depends on the brand, power and other parameters. Moreover, such equipment has advantages and shortcomings. To the first one can attribute:

• high efficiency;
• saving electricity costs;
• you can use different fuel;
• ease of operation;
• fast heated space.

There are quite a lot of minuses that should be considered before buying equipment:

• there is no emergency instant stop in the case of emergency;
• there is no possibility to adjust the level of heating;
• the cost of aggregates is high;
• it is necessary to carry out cleaning from the tar;
• often the discrepancy between the data specified in the passport to equipment and the actual time costs for heating;
• steel coolly cools after stopping work.

Choose solid fuel boilers because they do not need to receive a special permission to install, there is no complexity in the installation. Moreover, you can not only buy an aggregate with a long sense of burning, but also to assemble the boiler for long burning on firewood with a download for 24 hours with their own hands.

It is easy to assemble the boiler with your own hands, and it is easier to produce it round form. To begin with, you will need to choose the right drawing of the equipment and prepare everything you need.

Options for drawings of pyrolysis boiler long burning for assembly with their own hands

If you understand the assembly and you have everything required tools Hands, you can use more complex drawings, options for quite a lot.

If you still plan to collect a simpler round model, then the drawing is worth picking the appropriate.

We will analyze step-by-step instructions of the first common scheme.

Article on the topic:

In a separate publication, we will talk about independent manufacture First-class boiler. Read!

Preparation

Collect everything necessary materials And the tools are a preparatory and very important stage of work. Prepare:

• empty gas cylinder;
• metal pipes;
• metal sheets;
• bulgarian and grinding disk, as well as a metal disk;
• welding;
• drill with drills.

When everything is collected, go to the assembly itself.

Phased instruction with photo productions

According to the design of the boilers of long-term burning on firewood with a load of more than 24 hours, made by their own hands, are quite simple, but it is necessary to approach each stage carefully so that you should not redo everything first.

If there was no empty cylinder during preparation, it is possible to use a steel tube with dense walls (height - 850 mm, diameter - 300 mm).

Actions	Photo example
We weld the pipe at the top of the cylinder, but smaller (diameter - 100 mm, length - 400 mm).
Mount the piston required for pressure on the lamps and the restrictions on the access of oxygen. For it, a pipe will be required (diameter - 60 mm, length - a little more base).
From the bottom of this pipe, weld the steel disk with a smaller diameter (270 mm).
On the disk mount the blades in the form of an arc, a small washer, which make a hole in 20 mm to limit air intake.
Top of the boiler invent a removable cover.
Now it is necessary to mount the contour of water. It can be done in two ways. 1 - A water shirt is made around the combustion area, according to the principle of thermos, where water circulation occurs between the inner and outer wall.
2 - more complicated, as the water must be brought to the piston. It is used much less frequently, as difficulties may arise.
The work is made (view from the inside).

We offer to see more detailed video footage of the homemade boiler for long burning.

Video: Long burning boiler with his own hands

Price for pyrolysis boilers on firewood in stores

To understand how much you can save on self-assembly Equipment, let's see the top 3 models on firewood with consumer feedback:

Name	Picture	Specifications		price, rub.
		power, kWt	10-20	80000
		Thermal power on firewood, kW	16
		Fuel consumption, kg / h	4,2
		Water temperature, ⁰c	65-90
		Heating power, kW	20	90000
		The volume of the furnace, m³	200
		Burning time, h	31,5
		Kpd.	86,3%
		power, kWt	24	55000
		Material of the boiler	cast iron
		Fuel	coal
		Heating area, m²	240

Dmitry, Obninsk: "Bought Buderus Logano G221-20 for giving, I use infrequently, so it is enough of heating. Firewood burn pretty quickly, so the battery is required. "

Marina, Samara: "Required heating for the winter in a private house, no communications were held, except for light, therefore bought Stropuva S10. Worked one winter with good indicators, I am pleased. "

Mikhail, Bryansk: "Bought two years ago Viadrus Hercules U22D-4, I am very pleased with my choice. Initially embarrassed modest dimensions, but the boiler gives their indicators in reality. "

Exist different models and variations of equipment for heating on solid fuel. By collecting it yourself, you can save significantly, but also reduce the overall efficiency of the CPD.

If you want to create a heating system in a private house or in the country, you carefully choose the option of the boiler. Collect a model working on solid fuel can also be independently or purchased it in the store.

This method of heating is perfect for the lack of communications in the house, and proper choice You can not perform additional fuel boot up to 7 days.

The main minus solid fuel heating boilers is a short time of work from one bookmark. Fuel, in the furnace, burst within 2-3 hours. Boilers on long burning firewood have a special design that increased battery life up to several days.

Principle of operation of the wood heating boiler, long burning

The heating boiler for long burning on firewood with water circuit, uses the ability of wood to oxidize, under the influence of high temperature and limited oxygen content. The tree is charred, due to the large cluster of smoke, limiting oxygen access. A large number of CO stands out.

The device and the principle of operation of the wood-loading boiler from one load is directed to the recreation of such conditions, in a limited spacing of the heat chamber. Firewood does not burn in the full sense of the word, and smolden. Increases the time of operation, and the lack of heat is compensated for by the survivor of the released gases.

The design of the long-burning boilers includes the following nodes:

Most long-burning boilers are equipped with an enlarged loading chamber. The internal device allows you to provide autonomous work for 8-12 hours. Some manufacturers offer boilers that can work out from one refueling several days.

How to choose a wood burning boiler

The boilers of heating long burning on firewood are offered by several domestic and foreign manufacturers. The design of the equipment, as well as heat engineering characteristics, differ significantly. When choosing a heat generator, you pay attention to the following parameters:

1. Performance.
2. Design features.
3. Manufacturer country.

According to the three parameters listed above, the appropriate model of the boiler for household needs is selected.

Calculation of power

Properly chosen wood-burning heating boiler for long burning, easily copes with a heating of living space to 400 - 500 m². When choosing, the productivity of the heat generator takes into account. Power calculation is performed as follows:

1. Calculate the total area of \u200b\u200bthe house.
2. Make the calculation of the required power of the boiler using the formula 1 kW \u003d 10 m².
3. If the structure is present in the design, 15-20% of the reserve is added to the result.

These calculations are suitable for buildings with an average degree of thermal insulation, located in the average latitude of Russia and having the height of the ceilings not more than 2.7 m. For premises with a complex configuration, large number of window and door openingsThe calculations are carried out using online.

Constructive features

Types of long-burning boilers, it is customary to classify into several groups, according to the following criteria:

Separately, it is worth highlighting boilers having a built-in boiler drive. The models of this type have one heating circuit, but are designed to heat the heat carrier and the DHW.

Best manufacturers

Pick up the best wood boiler for heating your home may be quite difficult, especially if you consider that products are produced by Russia, Austria, Germany, Baltic States, Czech Republic and Poland, and it is represented by at least a dozen different manufacturers. The cost of equipment, its heat engineering characteristics and reliability depends on the manufacturer's country.

Due to consumer reviews, the following rating of wood-burning boilers was compiled:

• German boilers - equipment offer several companies, among which the models and are beneficial. Products are fully automated, it has an economical fuel consumption.
• Austrian boilers - manufactured models, almost identical in terms of the quality of German aggregates. A distinctive feature of the Austrian boilers is the maximum automation and the presence of a multi-level security system. Products offer concerns, Wirbel, etc.
• Czech boilers - brands and ATMOS are most popular. Universal stations operating both on firewood and other types of fuel remain in demand. Judging by the number of sales, the special demand of the domestic consumer, use boilers with cast iron heat exchangers.
• Baltic boilers - the Russian consumer was able to evaluate the quality and heat efficiency of Latvian, the main advantage of which is a long time of work from one fuel laying. Offline, the boiler is able to work for more than 2 days. The design of the unit is so simple that local "crafts" offers the schemes of the device for self-assembly.
• Russian boilers - the first models of long-burning boilers were not quite successful, had many shortcomings in the design. IN modern modelsThe mistakes were corrected, which made it possible to increase the popularity of heating equipment. At the moment, the products are offered to the plants of Herodar, Traian and others. Low price to wood boilers The heating of long burning, unpretentiousness to the quality of fuel - all this explains the high popularity of the products of domestic producers.
• Polish boilers - producers are presented on the market :, Defro, Wichlacz. Boilers are practically analogues of German and Austrian companies, but at a more acceptable value. The popularity of the models somewhat limit complexity with the supply of components and somewhat growing the price of aggregates lately.

Features of the operation of wood boilers with long-burning

The duration of the burning of one wood laying is from 8 to 24 hours. The period of autonomous work depends on several factors:

1. Type of boiler.
2. Fuel quality.
3. Proper operation.

Learning how to fuse the boiler, much easier than it may seem at first glance. During the extracts and further operation, the requirements specified by the manufacturer in the technical documentation are adhered. After several furnaces, the process becomes usual.

How to achieve long burning of firewood

Water consumption, subject to the use of a long-burning mode, less than in conventional boilers, by 30-40%. CPD reaches 92%. Not all consumers are obtained from the first time to ensure that the boiler has earned in long-burning mode. Some complain about the abundant isolation of the resin in the process of burning wood.

It is possible to achieve long-burning firewood, carefully observing the manufacturer's recommendations:

• Firewood is burned with a fully open damper.
• In the length of long burning, the boiler is translated only after reaching the temperature of 600 ° C.
• Humidity of firewood should not exceed 20%. Thick coniferous rocks The tree is not recommended.

Violations of operation rules leads to the fact that resin is formed from firewood in the boiler. Most often, the following conditions are not followed:

• The minimum temperature of the coolant at the output should not be lowered below 65 ° C.
• Correct the boiler to firing solid rocks: aspen, bug, acacia, oak, etc.
• High humidity of firewood leads to abundant resin release.

Proper exploitation of long-burning boilers, prolongs the service life of technology and increases heat transfer.

How to load firewood

Laying firewood in the boiler is carried out in accordance with the following rules:

• Lengins are splitted by large slices.
• Laying firewood in the furnace is carried out as dense. It is important to avoid voids between the lamps.
• Length should be less than a loading chamber size, at least 5 cm.

Rosge is performed solely with dry rays. Use gasoline or kerosene, for milling firewood, prohibited. From time to time, it is recommended to use special chemical briquettes that remove consulatory deposits on the walls.

How much firewood need for the winter season

The device of a long-burning boiler allows you to save on fuel, approximately 15-30%, depending on the selected model. Exemplary consumption of firewood is calculated as follows:

• It is believed that for heating every 100 m², 3 Gcal / month will be required.
• When burning a kilogram of firewood, 3200 kcal stands out.
• To obtain 1 Gcal, long burning boilers burn 312 kg of firewood.
• To obtain 3 Gcal, it will take approximately a ton of wood.

During the heating season, for heating at home per 100 m², 7-8 tons of firewood are needed.

Rules and standards for the installation of a long-term burning boiler

The installation of a long-burning boiler is carried out in compliance with the rules extending to all firewood boilers. During the holding mounting work, take into account the existing requirements of PPB and SNiP:


In the room used under the boiler room, necessarily the presence of air-exhaust ventilation and natural lighting. If necessary, the placement of the boiler in the basement is allowed.

Among the huge number of types of heating equipment presented in the market, one of the traditional options for use in a private house is a long burning boiler. With the most modern scientific developments, engineers were able to build such a boiler that could work up to 7 days on one download! This is not fiction, it is already a reality! Despite the fairly large dimensions of the device and its cumbersome, this is the most practical and economical solution for heating a large area to date!

The long-burning boiler can be used as the main source of combustion, which explains its great popularity for many remote areas of the country, where there is no other option of heating at home.

Unlike the classic boiler, where the heat is given to the flame when combustion of fuel, the device for long burning works at a different scheme. The long-burning boiler is a completely new and improved design.

In conventional TT boilers, one laying of firewood or coal provides combustion within 6-7 hours, which is not very economical and requires constant control, in order to maintain the optimal temperature regime. Devices of long burning can support heat for 7 days from one wood or coal bookmark.

Due to what happens such a difference in the consumption of raw materials and how is this productivity achieved? We will talk about this in this article.

The boilers on solid fuel appeared relatively long ago, but they all, regardless of the model and the manufacturer, had one substantial drawback. The fuel had to constantly add, as it burned. It was ineffective and not economically. This situation lasted exactly 2000, while Stropuva did not find a way to eliminate this problem. It is the engineer Edmuntas Shpropaytis we are obliged in this invention as a long-burning boiler.

To date, this is the most practical and functional device for heating a private house or cottage, the level of productivity of which reaches 70, and sometimes 100%. But, unlike classic pyrolysis boilers, which also differ in good efficiency, such aggregates can maintain heat for 7 days only on one fuel batch!

What is its main technical features And due to which this device is so economical and effective?

The principle of operation of a solid fuel boiler of long burning is similar to pyrolysis units. The main heat is not formed not from the combustion of wood or coal, but from the gasification of solid fuel. The combustion process occurs in a closed space, from where through a special telescopic tube, a wood gas is released.

After that, the gas is sent to the heating nozzle, where diffusion occurs (mixing) with the secondary air, with a fan. Thus, the continuous process will occur until the coals or firewood are completely burned. At the same time, the combustion temperature sometimes reaches 1200 degrees.

The effectiveness of such a principle is precisely that solid fuel is spent very slowly, as necessary, which significantly increases the efficiency of such a heating device. But not only high performance is the advantage of such a design.

Important. Solid fuel (pyrolysis) for long burning boilers have a very high efficiency compared to the classic design. It is 95%.

As a rule, the whole essence of the long-range burning is that the entire laying of coal or firewood is nearing at the same time, but only the top layer. Due to the fact that the air is fed from above, and not from the bottom, the burning of fuel occurs gradually, in the upper layer.

When this layer burns, the air supply is turned on, and exactly as much as you need to combust the upper layer. This ensures such a duration of burning and the ability to control the process.

It should be said that such an option of the heating device is acceptable exclusively as a heating system. If you need to think through the water heating system for household needs, then search other options.

If the option is selected precisely for heating a large house, such a device is an excellent alternative to electric and gas devices.

Feature design TT boiler long burning

Usually, the design itself and large dimensions of such an appliance are already prompting the consumer that the whole thing is in the large amount of the loading chamber. However, the duration of combustion here is caused by a not large amount of resources, but a slow drainage.

The bore duration is ensured by the use of special techniques. Today there are 2 main systems of long-term combustion used in such devices. This is a Canadian buleryan system and the Baltic sling.

The second system is less common in our country because of the high price and large number technical parameters. But the Boryllian system is fundamental in the production of long-burning boilers presented today in the modern market.

It is a small furnace, which consists of two cameras. In the first (lower) chamber, there is a burning of solid fuel, as a result of which gas is formed. He enters the second chamber, which is above the first. There is a mixing gas mixing with air and further combustion. High heat transfer and good air circulation provide pipes located below up the circumference of the boiler cylinder.

Of course, the duration of the burning of the boiler up to several days is determined by the need to load a large amount of fuel. To this end, the door of the loading chamber is not at the bottom, but at the top of the boiler. The entire lower part fills fuel.

The flue nozzle is in the upper part of the boiler, which is connected to the chimney. And in the bottom of the lower part, you can see the ash bar who is needed to collect ash and systematic access to clean.

If in conventional furnaces, the asolnik plays a role that delivering a portion of oxygen, then the ash bar plays exclusively the combustion remnant function, so its door hermetic. How does the air come from? At the top of the boiler there is an air chamber, which simultaneously plays the role of the recovery (here flue gases heated its walls). That is, the air from the air chamber arrives already heated.

At the top of the camera is a damper that adjusts the supply of air to fuel. In order for oxygen to be dosed into the chamber, the air distributor is located in the boiler, which is connected to the air chamber with a long telescopic tube.

As the fuel combustion, the distributor is lowered together with the upper layer of burning raw materials, which provide a constant supply of oxygen. In order to return the distributor to its original position, it is enough to pull the cable with the ring up. By the way, the remainder of fuel in the chamber can be determined by the position of the cable.

As a result of such a design, manufacturers can achieve performance (efficiency) to 85%, and an adjustable power from 50-100%.

Video. Principle of operation TT boiler long burning.

The principle of such a design explains the high environmental friendliness of long-burning boilers. Percentage of emission carbon dioxide The atmosphere is very low.

Raw materials for burning usually performs coal, peat briquettes, firewood, coke. But besides ordinary firewood, any waste of the woodworking industry can be applied. These waste are crushed to a fine state, after which they are pressed into granules called pellets. Fuel can be combined - it all depends on the model.

The large volume of the loading chamber and the insufficient inflow of oxygen into the combustion chamber significantly increases the total efficiency of the TT of the boiler, taking into account these factors, the process of tension occurs extremely slowly and can reach up to 7 days. Pyrolysis boilers are also good, but they are very demanding about the quality and humidity of the source fuel. Yes, here the performance will also decrease with wet firewood, but not as much as in the pyrolysis boiler.

Very many models operate on the basis of bulk wood materials (sawdust, chips), in peat briquettes or on the basis of wood pieces, sections.

Due to the fact that oxygen into the chamber comes with limited doses, the process of the tension occurs very slowly. But at the same time, the resources loaded into the boiler is enough to obtain generator gas with high thermal conductivity. Through a ceramic nozzle, it rushes into the main combustion chamber, where the process of active burning continues. In this case, the process is forced and supported by an additional air that creates a fan.

The flame itself is formed when the gas and air is mixed, and increases due to the use of fans.

Such aggregates due to the complexity of the scheme and bulk dimensions are mainly used to heat large premises, large country mansions. For a small cottage or one-storey house This is simply economically not justified to acquire such a boiler. The performance of such aggregates is too great.

The high productivity of long-burning boilers is also achieved due to the successful arrangement of the heat exchanger, which is a water shirt. The design of the unit helps evenly warmer the water circuit throughout the perimeter. The temperature of the exhaust gases does not exceed 130-150 degrees. The heat released in the boiler will most effectively warm the coolant.

Choosing a long burning boiler for home, let's go through its main technical characteristics And we note the dignity and disadvantages.

Specifications

• Long burning boilers, which can provide performance up to 7 days, mainly work in peat briquettes or wood chips. There are also universal devices that allow working with different fuel, but it should not exceed 40 cm. Otherwise, you will have to do an independent workpiece.
• The higher the humidity of the initial raw material, the less the performance of the heating device. Therefore, for burning, manufacturers recommend using fuel humidity no more than 20%.
• 1 The boot of the boiler on average provides up to 7 days of uninterrupted burning.

Benefits:

• High performance. Perhaps this is one of the main and weighty advantages of such bulky aggregates. The average efficiency is at least 90%.
• Ecology. Carbon monoxideEntering the chimney is used as the main source of combustible gas formation.
• Relative accessibility and inexpensive solid fuel price.
• Automation of the workflow. Some models are equipped with a remote control, allowing you to install the desired temperature.
• Saving time and resources.
• Autonomy of work. Can be used as the main heating device.
• High fire safety. Long burning boilers are equipped with an alarm sensor that is triggered at any emergency.
• High reliability design. With the correct operation of the equipment, the boiler will serve not one dozen years.

But no matter how effective, economical and productive, these boilers, there are some drawbacks of such devices.

Disadvantages:

• Large dimensions.
• High price.
• The need for regular cleaning.

In order for a solid fuel boiler for long burning to serve a long service and did not cause burns or accidents in the house, simple rules of operation of this instrument should be performed.

Does the boiler really work all 7 days per 1 loading of fuel?

The owners of cottages and private houses, when choosing a solid fuel boiler, most of all are interested in such parameters as the price, power and duration of combustion from one fuel load.

Here let's B. comparative characteristic And we will adhere to these basic criteria to determine which devices will be most effective.

• Boiler power. This parameter depends on the volume of the boot chamber. What she is more, the longer the boiler can burn from one download.
• The weight of the design determines the material. The cast iron machine is almost 20% harder.
• Price price. This is a very conditional parameter. But if the boiler is purchased with the purpose of the main source of heating, then still do not save, because the productivity of the device and a comfortable microclimate in the house depends on it.

In any case, if the seller declares that this boiler will work 7 days on one boot of fuel - be sure to look at the technical passport, because no matter how much it is for the features and advantages of the device, it is in a passport that its regulatory time will be spelled out.

The combustion time does not always only depends on the selected model. This parameter affects the type and quality of fuel, the area of \u200b\u200bthe room, the height of the ceilings, the quality of the insulation of the house.

Proper boiler installation: Step-by-step instruction

Many consumers, acquiring a solid fuel boiler and waiting for it the effect of a long and economical exercise of raw materials to declared up to 7 days, after a while pay attention to the fact that the device does not provide declared efficiency. And the point here is not at all the poor quality or marriage of the boiler, but in the errors allowed when connected.

Of course, given the complexity of the design and responsibility of this event, many trust the installation of a TT boiler for a long-term combustion to the masters. However, following our detailed step by step instructions, it is possible and independently, without assistanceInstall the boiler. Although without assistant, you can not do in this matter, because the weight of the device is at least 50 kg.

At the stage preparatory work, You should immediately consider where the boiler will be installed. Ideally, of course, equip a separate boiler room.

Considering that solid fuel still creates a certain dirt, such heating system Must be produced in a separate non-residential room. But if the power of the boiler is small (does not exceed 30-35 kW), then you can simply separate the main premises from the "boiler room".

In order for people who produce serving boilers and his ignition did not have any breath problems, the ventilation system should be equipped in the boiler room. Clean air must come from the street.

Prepare the following tools:

1. Locksmith set (adjustable, horn, cape keys).
2. Building level.
3. Circular Saw.
4. Screwdriver and set of nozzles.
5. Marker.
6. Pistol for sealant.

In addition to the heating solid fuel boiler, it will be necessary to also purchase materials for connecting the boiler to the heating system.

• Steel clutch (3 pieces).
• Ball valve with a sagon (2 pcs) with a diameter of 50 mm.
• Metal tube for connecting the boiler.
• Sealant (refractory).
• Plumbing winding.

Stage 1. Preparation and protection of the room.

To the issue of fire safety should be suitable with full responsibility.

When installing a low-power unit, it is allowed to install the boiler on a rough screed of concrete.

Be sure to check the level of inclination of the foundation. It should be perfectly smooth. If necessary (if the floor is not even), you should post the foundation from the brick.

1. Draw a marker or chalk on the floor, where you will install the boiler and carefully check all distances. Observe the distance from the walls (regulated by SNiP). From the furnace door to the wall, the distance should be at least 125 cm. The distance between the side parts and the back side of the boiler and the wall should be at least 700 mm.

Video. How to install a long burning boiler in the house.

Stage 2. Boiler strapping.

This stage is one of the most difficult. It will directly depend on the security of the system.

There are several boiler strapping schemes: with forced and natural coolant circulation. In addition, it can be open and closed system Heating.

With a natural circulation system, water fluently passes through all pipes under its pressure. The forced scheme implies the installation of the pump, which this pressure creates.

The selection of the connection scheme largely depends on the number of floors of the house, the location of the boiler, rooms and from the total area. So, the scheme with natural circulation is advisable to use for one-storey houses. But for premises in several floors, it will be ineffective and better acquire an additional pump to perform a forced circulation circuit with the coolant.

But the simplest and understandable is the closed (forced) scheme.

It is performed through 2 nozzles. One connects with the feed circuit of the heating network, and the second end with its return circuit.

Important! Whatever model TT boiler you choose, the circulation pump and the expansion tank does not come with it. All this, depending on the selected connection system, you need to purchase and install yourself.

To correctly tie the boiler, follow the following rules:

Installing a pressure gauge is a prerequisite for the strapping of the boiler, since this device will control the maximum pressure value.

Stage 3. Connecting to the chimney.

All solid fuel boilers must be connected to chimney. If an effective gas removal system is already equipped in the house, then you will need to simply connect a new design to it.

Attention! It is necessary to handle joints of the combination of all parts of the chimney with a sealant. It will help to avoid smoke leakage.

1. Connect the first chimney pipe to the boiler nozzle. The connection type depends on the selected boiler model. Mandatory condition is the observance of the diameter of the chimney and the oven pipe. The diameter of the chimney pipe must be no less than the nozzle of the solid fuel boiler. If these parameters do not comply, the cargo capacity will be reduced at maximum power.

Video. Connecting a solid fuel boiler to chimney.

Attention! In no case cannot be installed shut-off valves on the segment of the pipeline between the boiler and the security group.

Stage 4. Connect the boiler to the heating system.

1. According to the abbreviation standards, it is necessary before starting the boiler to conduct a hydraulic pressure test with an excerpt of 24 hours.

To do this, open the shut-off valves, all cranes and plug the water. Raise the adjusting valve to 1.3 atm. This test should demonstrate the absence of leaks. Especially pay attention to threaded and welded connections.

1. Ignite the boiler.

To set fire to firewood or peat, you must put a pinch or paper into the chamber. Mills the boiler, close all the doors tightly. After the steady flame appeared, you can open the door and load the main amount of firewood. In no case do not use a flammable liquid for ignition.

1. With the first test launch, an unpleasant chemical launch may be present. This may be due to the fact that the remnants of the factory oil be roasted. Soon, extraneous smells will go.

If you all connected correctly, the pressure during the test period should not fall and, accordingly, nowhere should there be leaks. Now you can run the boiler in operation. If some problems were revealed during the test period, then the boiler from the system should be disabled, wait for its full cooling and proceed to eliminate the errors.

With the right installation and connecting the boiler, you quickly rate it with high performance and efficiency, which will allow you to maintain a comfortable microclimate in the house. And the video instruction will help you take into account all the necessary nuances of the boiler mounting.

Video. Proper connection of a solid fuel boiler for long burning.