The month of May is beautiful, but the dangers are not deprived. One of them is waking up ticks. These small bloodsows represent a greater threat to human health and even their lives. They are carriers of causative agents of many diseases. Therefore, it is important to know what to do when the tick bite, and what kind of help you can do yourself.

Tick \u200b\u200bappearance and habitat

The tick, not yet dirty blood, has a size of 5 mm, the body of an oval shape, four paws on each side, on the back of the chitine shell. The dimensions of the tick after blood sucking are three times more. Difference from insects is that the head and tank in the ticks are one whole. He attacks his sacrifice from below - from high grass, grinding shrubs. Most often, ticks can be found in coniferous forests, but they are in urban parks.

The most frequent places of tick bites

Finding on the body of the victim, the tick covers under the clothes. Moving from the bottom up, it can donate from the stop to the nape even a high person. The most frequent seats of bites:

• ankle area;
• popliteal yams;
• groin zone;
• axillary depressions;
• elbow bends;
• neck area;
• region behind ear sinks.

Singing, the tick seems to imagine their trumps into the layers of the skin and at the same time injected painkillers, so a person does not feel a bite. Men's individuals of the ticks drop out for 2-3 hours, women drink blood longer, from 6 to 12 hours to several days. It should be understood that all this time tick, if it is infected with dangerous viruses or bacteria, will introduce them to the body of the victim, i.e. The longer the period of blood sucking, the more the particles of the causative agent fall into the capillary direction of the person, the more seriously there may be consequences.

Danger of tick bites

In addition to the fact that the tick is able to cause an allergic response to its saliva in humans, it can still be a carrier:

• tick-borne encephalitis (CE) - brain inflammation;
• burreliosis;
• a number of hemorrhagic fevers: Omsk, Crimean, fever with renal syndrome (GLPS);
• tularemia;
• return and return ticks and dr.

However, there is no 100% of the likelihood that the tick weighing you is infected. This can be found only by giving it to research in the laboratory. For its safety after staying in nature, on the parish home, you need to completely divide and examine your skin on the subject of existing ticks.

What to do after the bite of a tick: first aid at home

Having found a suiced tick on himself, it is impossible to lose time. Ask someone nearby to help properly remove the roof from the skin. But if there is no one, act on your own.

The main thing is that you need to do if on the body tick

To remove the tick, special tools are developed that do not allow it to break it, which reduces the risk of infection. But if there is no such thing in the house, you can use the usual tweezers.

1. Ticks are removed completely, not leaving the head or trot in the skin.
2. Ticks will take into the laboratory alive.
3. We act quickly and gently.

How to pull the tick: video

Procedure Step 1. Take tweezers, capture the ticks closer to the surface of your skin and to his truth. You can't take for the caller! Step 2. Gently start rotating tweezers clockwise around your axis and simultaneously sneeze upon yourself. Seel the tick is impossible! For complete extraction, the bloodstroke usually need 2 or 3 turns. If there is no tweezers at hand, use thread. Choose a clue, make a loop and throw it on the trumps of the tick. The ends of the thread twist each other and careful circular motions remove the tick by pulling into themselves. Do not allow it to break!

Step. 3. After that, put the "enemy" into the transparent container on a wet piece of cotton wool or a leaf of the plant and tightly close the lid or a dense cloth. It is not necessary to arrange a "swimming pool" to him.

Step 4. The skin area from which the tick was removed, treat with alcohol, iodine solution, or at least vodka.

Step 5. If it was not possible to remove the whole blood circuit, and the trumps or the head still remained in the skin, then take the needle from the syringe or roll in the flame of fire ordinary sewing needle. With it, remove the remaining parts of the tick, as you remove the off-beland. After that, rinse with an antiseptic wound.

What to do with a tick after removing?

Take into the laboratory of SanEpidemstan or an infectious hospital. For successful microscopic analysis, the individual must be alive.

Symptomatics of infection with tick-borne encephalitis and similar infections

Symptoms of infection are not manifested immediately, but a few hours after the tick bite. The main one includes:

• temperature increase;
• an increase in the nearby lymph nodes;
• caught drowsiness, fatigue;
• pain in the joints;
• photophobia.

• CE - viral infection, so antiviral is used for it medicinal products (Up to 15 years old - Anaferon Children's, after 15 years - iodantipirin) and / or administration of immunoglobulin. Dosage strictly to the appointment of a doctor - infectious diseases.
• Tick-bornellosis - bacterial infection, in its case an antibiotic doxycycline is used according to the scheme appointed by a specialist. Children under 8 years old and pregnant women are not prescribed.

We summarize. The bite of the tick is not dangerous for a person, the viruses and bacteria are dangerous, which it can injected with saliva, if they are infected with them. Of course, it is better to protect in advance: vaccinated and dressing correctly. But if you still bit the tick, remove it, take it to the study and go to the infectious background. You can not panic, act quickly and competently, and everything will be fine.

Actions when bite tick. Man's infection with tick-borne encephalitis occurs through the bite of the infected tick. Thousands of people are biting annually, but only some of the victims develop serious diseases, such as encephalitis or borreliosis. The danger of tick bite is that insects transfer many various diseaseswhich will be mentioned below. The tick bite does not mean that the man will get tasty encephalitis and / or borreliosis, as well as other diseases. Once on the body, the tick does not bite immediately. Before squeaking, the tick can pass several hours. If the tick is in time noticeable, the bite can be avoided. It happens that a man gets a bite of a tick, being at home, get to the house tick can, arriving on the back of your beloved animal: dogs or cats. You returned from the forest walk - and here he is tick, hanging on his hand. Let's deal with what to do. If your region is safe for encephalitis, it is not necessary to refer to the bite of a tick. The presence of the causative agent in the module does not mean that the bite man will be sick with encephalitis or borreliosis. Tick \u200b\u200bfemales can suck blood about 6-10 days, reaching a length of 11 mm.

What should I do if bitten by a tick

If the pricing of the tick still happened, the primary consultation can always be obtained by calling 03.

To remove the tick, most likely you will be guided into a district SES or district trauma.

If you do not have the opportunity to ask for help in the medical institution, the ticks will have to be deleted independently.

It is convenient to remove the ticks to remove the curved tweezers or surgical clamp, in principle, any other tweezers are suitable. In this case, the ticks need to be captured as close as possible to the trunk, then it is gently tightened, while rotating around its axis in a comfortable side. Usually after 1-3, the tick turnover is extracted entirely with the trunk. If the tick try to pull out, then the likelihood of its gap is great.

Special devices exist to remove ticks.

These devices have an advantage over clips or tweezers, since the body of the tick is not squeezed, it is eliminated to be squeezed into the wound content of the tick content, it reduces the risk of infectious infections.

If there is no tweezers or special devices at hand, then the ticks can be removed using thread.

The durable thread is tied to the node, as close as possible to the trunk of the tick, then the ticks are removed, slowly swaying and pulling it up. Sharp movements are unacceptable - the tick will break.

If, when removing the tick, his head was broken off, which has a type of black point, the scene space is wiping with cotton or blast, moistened with alcohol, and then remove the head with a sterile needle (pre-calcined on fire) as you delete the usual offering.

There are no grounds for some of the controversial tips on the fact that for better removal should be applied to the sucking tick ointment climbing or use oil solutions. The oil can block the breathing holes of the tick and the tick will die and remains in the skin. After removing the tick, the skin at the site is treated with a tincture of iodine or alcohol. The imposition of the bandage is usually not required.

What threatens the tick bite?

Even if the tick bite was short-term, the risk of infection with tick-borne infections is not excluded.

Tick \u200b\u200bcan be a source of pretty large number Diseases, therefore, removing the tick, save it to study on the infection with tick-borne infections (mite encephalitis, tick-borne borreliosis, if there is an opportunity for other infections), usually this can be done in an infectious hospital, on our website for a number of cities there are addressing laboratories.

Ticks should be placed in a small glass bottle along with a piece of wool, slightly moistened with water. Be sure to close the bottle of the tight lid and store it in the refrigerator. For microscopic diagnostics, the tick must be delivered to the laboratory alive. For PCR diagnostics, even individual fragments of the tick are suitable. However, the last method is not widespread even in large cities.

It should be understood that the presence of infection in the tick does not even mean that a person will be sick. The tick analysis is needed for calm in the event of a negative result and vigilance - in the case of positive.

The surest way to determine the presence of the disease is to pass the blood test. To donate blood immediately after the bite of the tick is not necessary - the analyzes will not show anything. Not earlier than in 10 days, it is possible to explore the blood on tick-borne encephalitis and borreliosis by PCR. Two weeks after the bite of a tick on antibodies (Igm) to the tick-borne encephalitis virus. On antibodies (IGM) to borreliam (mite borreliosis) - a month.

Tick-borne encephalitis (See the list of territories endemic to tick-borne encephalitis in 2010) - the most dangerous of tick-in-law infections (consequences - up to death). Emergency prevention of tick-borne encephalitis should be carried out as early as possible, better - in the first day.

Emergency prevention of tick-borne encephalitis is carried out using antiviral drugs or immunoglobulin.

Antiviral drugs.

In the Russian Federation it is iodantypyrin for adults and children over 14 years old.
Anaferon Children's for children under 14 years old.
If you could not find these drugs, they mayoretically replace other antiviral agents (cycloferon, arbidol, remantine).

Immunoglobulin- It is advisable only for the first three days. In European countries, the issue is terminated. The disadvantages include high cost, frequent allergic reactions.

Not earlier than in 10 days, it is possible to explore the blood on the tick-borne encephalitis by the PCR method. Two weeks after the bite of a tick on antibodies (Igm) to the tick-borne encephalitis virus. If a person is vaccinated against the virus of tick-borne encephalitis - no action is needed.

Tick-boring borreliosis - a dangerous disease that often flows secretly, but in the case of a transition to a chronic form leading to disability. Distributed practically throughout the territory of the Russian Federation is transmitted by ticks. Emergency prevention of tick-borne borreliosis in an adult can be carried out by drinking no later than 72 hours from the moment of tick bite one tablet of doxycycline (200 mg), a child over 8 years old - 4mg per 1 kg of weight, but not more than 200mg. For children under 8 years and pregnant, emergency prevention is not carried out. In independence, there was an emergency prevention of tick-borne borreliosis or not, blood should be handed over to antibody to the tick-boring borreliosis (IGM). The analysis is better to hand over 3-4 weeks after the tick bite, it has not make sense earlier - it will be negative. If the result is positive, or on the site of the tick bite a few days after the bite appeared redness - you need to contact the infectious background. Tick-boring borreliosis early stages It is treated very quickly.

Hemorrhagic feverA group of naturallyochemical viral diseases transmitted from animals of natural clinical signs - an increase in temperature (fever), subcutaneous and internal hemorrhages. According to the causative agent, as well as in the method of distribution of infection, several species differ.

Crimean hemorrhagic fever It is found in the form of sporadic cases in the southern steppe regions of the Russian Federation - Crimea, Taman Peninsula, Rostov region, South Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, as well as in Bulgaria, i.e., where ixodic ticks (Hyalomma) are distributed. Infection occurs in the spring-summer period. Incubation period 2-7 days. The pathogen is detected in the blood of patients over the entire fevering period. The serum of blood recovery has specific antiviral properties.

Omsk hemorrhagic fever Firstly described in the residents of the Priezing villages of Siberia, Hunters and their families, in the Barabinsk steppe. The natural foci of Omsk hemorrhagic fever was found in the Omsk, Novosibirsk, Kurgan, Tyumen and Orenburg regions. It is possible that they are also on some territories neighboring with them (Northern Kazakhstan, Altai and Krasnoyarsk Territory). It is found in the autumn-winter period in the form of outbreaks that are associated with epizoota in fishing animals. Basic disease carriers - Dermacentor Ixodic ticks. Incubation period 3-7 days. In person, the virus is detected throughout the feverish period. Currently, cases of disease are recorded extremely rare.

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (Hemorrhagic nephrosis) is found in Europe and Asia in the form of group outbreaks and sporadic (isolated) cases. The transmission mechanism is not sufficiently clarified; It is assumed to transmit through gamaz ticks. Natural foci can be formed in various landscapes (forest, steppe, tundra). The reservoir of infection is some types of miserable rodents. Incubation period 11-24 days. For emergency prevention of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, you can use iodantipin.

On the bite of ticks in matters and answers

W.: I was bitten by a tick, what should I do?
Oh: Read the article: "What if you bite the tick", the questions discussed in the article issues will not be considered below.

W.: How to find out tick-borne Encephalitis or not?
Oh.: Tick-borne encephalitis, this is a virus that is transferred to xode ticks - but not every tick is its carrier. By appearance It is impossible to determine the tick of encephalitis or not - this can be done only in the laboratory conditions. In almost all cities where there is a risk of infection with tick-borne encephalitis, it is possible to pass the test tick (usually ticks can be checked for other infections common in the region). On our site for a number of cities shows addresses and phones of such laboratories.

W.: Removed tick off myself, it seems that he just began to be sick, is there a risk of getting sick and what?
A: The risk of tick-borne infections exists even with a slightly insignificant pricing of the tick.

Unambiguously answer the question than you can get infected, it will not work because different regions Pliers endure different infections.
The most dangerous disease transmitted ticks Claimed encephalitis is considered, Rospotrebnadzor annually publishes the lists of endemic on tick-borne encephalitis of the territories of the Russian Federation, according to other infections of such information, unfortunately, is not published.
Tick-borne borreliosis (Lyme) - the disease is very insidious, as it often flows hidden, goes into a chronic form and leads to disabled. Pincers infected with borrelias are more or less found on most of the territories of the Russian Federation, as well as in Europe, Asia and North America. A frequent sign of the disease with tick-borne borreliosis at the initial stage is the occurrence of migrating ring-shaped erythema in the initial stage.
In the southern regions of Russia, the most dangerous disease, tortured ticks, is the hemorrhagic fever of Crimea Congo.

There are other diseases, therefore, in case of deterioration of well-being immediately consult a doctor.

W.: I was bitten by the tick, two weeks have passed since the bite, felt well, and today the temperature rose, what should I do?

Oh: Poor well-being may not be associated with a tick bite, but it is impossible to exclude ticky infections. Be sure to consult a doctor.

Redness of the bite of tick

W.: Ticks were removed, the bite was blushing almost immediately. What does it mean?

Oh.: Most likely, this is an allergic reaction to the bite, look at the bite every day, if notice the increase in the spot, the soreness of the bite space or the deterioration of general well-being, consult a doctor.

W.: Ticks were removed, but in a few days the place of the bite was swollen, it hurts to touch.

Oh: You need to contact the surgeon.

W.: Ticks were removed, first the bite's place was a little red, then redness passed, and today, two weeks after the bite, it turned red.

Oh: You should contact the infectious doctor. Very often, the early stage of the tick-borne borreliosis is accompanied by the occurrence of the migrating ring erythema bite.

Emergency prevention of tick-borne encephalitis

W.: I live in endemic on tick-borne encephalitis region. Yesterday bit the tick, I noticed him in the evening, immediately deleted and took the analysis to the laboratory. Today they called from the laboratory, they said that the tick-borne encephalitis virus was discovered in the plaque and that I needed to drink the iodantypyrin course. What else can be done to prevent tick-borne encephalitis? Very worried.
Oh.: It is not worth hard to worry, since the bite of the infected tick does not mean that the person will get sick (even without prevention). Jodantipyrin Along with the immunoglobulin is allowed to use for emergency prevention of tick-borne encephalitis - its effectiveness is proved. It can be recommended for the time of the incubation period KE balanced nutrition, try to avoid any stressful situations for the body (overheating, hypothermia, heavy physical exertion, etc.).

W.: I was bitten by a tick, I threw it down, and now I worry - suddenly the tick was encephalitis. When can I pass blood on the analysis?
Oh: Take the blood immediately after the bite of the tick does not make sense - the analyzes will not show anything. Not earlier than in 10 days, it is possible to explore the blood on the tick-borne encephalitis by the PCR method. Two weeks on antibodies (Igm) to the tick-borne encephalitis virus.

W.: I am pregnant (10 weeks). Bitting a tick - what to do for the prevention of tick-borne encephalitis?
Oh: studies of the effect of immunoglobulin and iodantypyrin on the fruit was not carried out, so in contraindications there is a pregnancy. Taking both drugs is appointed by a doctor in strict indications when the estimated benefit for the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus. Many doctors recommend simply watching well-being - most people in the bite of ticks infected with tick-borne encephalitis are not ill.

C.: Tince bit the one-year-old child. What can be taken to prevent tick-borne encephalitis?

Oh: For emergency prevention of tick-borne encephalitis in children, immunoglobulin or Anaferon childrens are used.

C.: I was bitten by a tick, I will vaccinate against tick-borne encephalitis, what should I do for prevention?

Oh: Vaccination is the most reliable protection against tick-borne encephalitis. It is not necessary to take anything for the prevention - you already have immunity.

W.: A week ago I had an immunoglobulin of tick-borne encephalitis, and today the tick was bited again. Should I worry about tick-borne encephalitis?

A: Introduction Immunoglobulin creates immunity, it is weaker than during vaccination, but it is capable of protecting for some time (usually up to 1 month) from tick-borne encephalitis. That is, in your case, you can not worry about.

C.: I took the prophylactic (until the tick bitter) scheme of iodantipyrin. I was bitten by a tick, what should I do what scheme to take iodantipirin?

Oh:: You should go to the "After Singing Tick" scheme.

C.: Ticks removed, most likely, on 4 days from the moment of suction. The tick was not preserved, did not appeal anywhere, I feel good. What should I do for the prevention of tick-borne encephalitis?

Oh: You can start the reception of iodantypyrin (immunoglobulin is already ineffective on the third day, on the fourth - its use is inappropriate), although, of course, time for emergency prevention is already missed. Watch out for well-being, while detecting the deterioration of the state consult a doctor.

W.: I'm going to a long campaign, I will not have the opportunity to consult a doctor in the event of a tick bite. What do i do?

Oh: Avoid tick bites - read the article: "Prevention of tick bites". If you have at least 3 weeks before your trip, it is better to go through vaccination course - this is the best way Preventing tick-borne encephalitis. If there is no time already, then we take iodantypyrin (immunoglobulin can not take with you).

W.: I was bitten by a tick, I pulled it out. I am very worried, but it is not possible to turn to the doctor (I am in the distance from civilization), there is no possibility and buy medicines. How to be?

Oh: Most people who have not received emergency prevention when the tick-infected encephalitis tick is not illicit. Since you do not even know, the tick was infected or not, then you should not panic. Try to find the opportunity in case of deterioration of well-being to consult a doctor.

After detection, the tick must be removed. Better in a medical institution and as far as possible. Since the tick is deep and thoroughly introduced into the skin at all power, it is necessary to remove it very carefully so as not to tear the truths. There are some prescriptions that are desirable to adhere to with removal.

When removing the tick is captured close to the trunk. Usually it turns out to be pulled out completely after 1-3 turns. In the absence of tweezers, you can use thread. Read about it and about other removal methods in more detail in the next article.

If when pulling out the head or trumps, a black point will remain on the body. It should be processed by any disinfectant and leave to a natural destruction or contact the surgeon to remove in the clinic.

The first assistance to a man when the tick bite can be carried out at home, but within 96 hours the question of emergency prevention should be resolved. Therefore, the appearance of the injury or therapeutic and prophylactic institution specified in the insurance policy is obligatory. The doctor will determine further tactics and the necessary amount of medical care.

When the tick bite it is necessary to trace the common condition, temperature and local reaction to the bite for 2-3 weeks. If a round shape occurs on the body, pain in the joints will appear, the headache will rise, the temperature will rise, medical care may be required.

What can not be done when tick bite

Very often, after the tick bite, people make mistakes trying to remove it on their own. Every resting person should remember that in the event of a bite:

The first thing is trying to make most people at home after the tick bitter - it is something to smear it. Not everyone knows that the artistic breath is breathing through the rear pass. Clogging leads to that the mite to become aggressive and inject into the human body all harmful substances accumulated in its digestive system.

After meeting with the tick, immediately apply to the hospital at the location. As an option, a call to 03 or 112 asking to advise about what to do if a person bit the tick. It is very important to keep calm, as the fact of a collision with bloodsucker does not mean that you will certainly get sick.

The ability to appeal to the hospital is not always. In this case, the algorithm of actions during the bite of a person should be approximately as follows:

1. Pull the tick alone.
2. Place of bite to treat a disinfectant.
3. Deliver a segmental to the laboratory to check.
4. Contact the clinic to produce anticipating immunoglobulin for three days after possible infection.
5. Get fundamentals of non-specific prevention to appoint a doctor when handling later than 96 hours from the moment of suction or if it is not possible to purchase immunoglobulin.
6. Consult about laboratory research.

On time, the correct measures will help prevent the possible development of tick-free infection. Therefore, before doing something at home, if we bite the tick, it should be formulated for myself a plan of action and stick it to it.

Questions answers

Which injection is made when the tick bite?

The tick victims of the tick bite, in the case of a positive result of the analysis of the articraft-eyed to the infection of the tick-borne encephalitis virus, is injected with anticipating immunoglobulin at the place of medical care during the clinic hours.

The drug is made from blood donors vaccinated against tick-borne encephalitis. With the introduction of specific immunoglobulins, a passive immunity against infection is created. It is aimed at the destruction of the virus by antibodies.

How quickly needs to be done?

After sucking domestic mite protivokleschevoy immunoglobulin must be administered during the first 72 hours, Austrian - 96 hours. The introduction of the drug is contraindicated to people with allergic reactions to the introduction of protein blood products.

Do I need to put immunoglobulin if there is a vaccination?

Immunoglobulin can also be applied to the past vaccination, if there is a big risk of infection, for example, multiple tick bites. An indication for the introduction of anti-antlery immunoglobulin for the purpose of prevention is also the incomplete receipt of the vaccination course.

Good day dear our readers. Summer time spring and summer. In the last time, we meet or hear such a disease as "tick-free encephalitis". People are afraid to go to the forest. Someone says that there is a tick and in city parks and so on. What is the bite of the tick?

With the arrival of spring, the ticks leave their minks and sit on the edges of the Earth itself and are just waiting for whom to lean their sharp blood jaws. In order not to become a victim of this bloodstray, which can carry the disease dangerous to a person, are properly equipped for a hike into the forest or countryside.

But also, before we talk about what to do if the tick bites, it is necessary to understand what the bite of the tick is dangerous. The enemy, as they say, you need to know in the face. Only so you can avoid panic and do not make incorrect actions.

For ticks, seasonality is characteristic. The first cases of attack are registered in early springWhen the air temperature becomes above 0 0 s, and the last - in the fall. Peak bites is observed from April to July.

The bloodsicles do not like the bright sun and wind, so they podkashind their prey in wet, not too shady places, in thick grass and shrubs. Most often found in ravines, on the edges of the forest, along the edges of the paths or parks.

The most frequent diseases transmitted through a tick bite.

Disease	Causative agent	Tick \u200b\u200bof the carrier	What does it look like?
Tick-borne encephalitis	Virus from the Flavaviridae family	Ixodic ticks: I. Ricinus, I. Persicatus
Ixode Tick Borreliosis (Lyme Disease)	Spirochete -Borrelia burgdoferi.	Ixodic ticks: , I. Persicatus (Europe, Asia) I. Scapularis, I. Pacificus (North America)
Crimean hemorrhagic fever	Virus of the genus Nairovirus, the Bugherevirus family	Pincers roda Hyaloma. N. marginatum H. Punctata, D. Marginatus, R. Rossicus

Source: Polismed.com.

• Tick-borne encephalitis- infectious viral disease transmitted through tick bites, characterized by fever and lesion of the central nervous system, often leading to disability and death.
  In the middle symptoms, the disease is manifested in 7-14 days (5-25 days) after infection. The beginning of the disease is sharp, more often than the patient can indicate not only the day, but also an hour of the beginning of the disease.
  In most cases, the disease ends with complete recovery. With focal forms, a large percentage of what a person remains disabled. Disability deadlines from 2-3 weeks to 2-3 months, depending on the form of the disease.

Ixode Tick Borreliosis (Lyme Disease)- This is an infectious disease transmitted through the uncertic ticks, characterized by the damage to the nervous system, leather, joints, hearts, the disease is prone to chronic flow.
If the tick is removed no later than 5 hours after the bite of the development of bulliosis can be avoided. This is due to the fact that the pathogen of the disease Borrelia is in the intestine of the tick and begins to stand out only when the tick actively begins to eat, and this happens on average 5 hours after the introduction of human skin.
The forecast for life is favorable. Upon late and improper treatment, the disease acquires chronic character and can lead to disability. Terms of disability from 7 to 30 days depending on the flow and form of the disease.

Crimean hemorrhagic fever- severe viral infectious disease transmitted through tick bites characterized by fever, intoxication and bleeding. The disease relates to a number of dangerous infectious diseases.
Late hospitalization Incorrect diagnostics and treatment often leads to a deadly outcome. Mortality is 25%. Terms of disability from 7 to 30 days depending on the form of the disease.

How is the bite of the tick?

The tick flies the skin with the help of a hypostite (oral apparatus) of the growths destroyed along the edges. Such a structure of the body helps the bloodstation to be tightly held in the owner tissues.

When borreliosis, the tick bite looks like a focal erythema of up to 20-50 cm in diameter. The form of inflammation is most often correct, with an outdoor border of bright red. A day later, the center of Erythema pale and acquires a blue tint, a crust appears and soon the place of bite is chosen. After 10-14 days from the lesion there is no trace.

Signs of tick bite.

• weakness is observed, the desire to lie down;
• ozb and fever occurs, it is possible to increase the temperature;
• the lights appear.

Important! In humans, symptoms of this group can complement a reduced pressure, increased heart rate, pruritus, headache and increasing the nearby lymph nodes.

In rare cases, breathing and hallucination is observed.

Temperature after bite as a symptom of the disease.

Each infection caused by blood bite has its own characteristics:

1. When tick-borne encephalitis, a rolling type fever appears. The first temperature rise is registered for 2-3 days after the bite. Two days later, everything comes to normal. In some cases, there is a re-increasing temperature of 9-10 days.
2. For borreliosis, fever in the middle of the disease is characterized, which is accompanied by other symptoms of infection.
3. With monocytic erlihiosis, the temperature rises to 10-14 days after the tick bite and keeps about 3 weeks.

Almost all diseases transmitted by bloodsuckers are accompanied by an elevated temperature.

Rules of behavior when tick bite.

So what to do, if bites a tick? First of all, do not panic, do everything according to the instructions. It is necessary to remove blood blood as soon as possible. It is necessary to do it slowly and carefully, so as not to damage it and not provoke an infection.

It is impossible to use gasoline, nail polish and other chemicals. Will not help I. vegetable oil or fat. It is better to use efficient and proven in practice in ways.

STEP 1- Remove the tick immediately, as discovered.

Remove the drip tick as quickly as possible. If the tick is infected, the likelihood of tick-borne encephalitis depends on the amount of the virus penetrating under the "bite" of the tick, that is, during which the tick was in the requested state.

Ticks should be tried to remove alive with his head, because in the head in a tick of salivary glands, in which viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms.

What to do first if bites a tick:

• proceed the bite of the alcohol-containing agent,
• if there are rubber gloves - put on,
• pull the tick using one of the devices:

Method 1 Tick \u200b\u200bFlipper:

move the slot (loop) to the tick device along its narrow part as close as possible to the skin, then rotate the tick around its axis (as a screw) - when rotating the threads, the trick is twisted and after 2-3, the tick turnover is removed entirely.

The homemade tick flipper can be made from the clamp for the bread package (make an incision at the end and bend) or cut out of the packaging material, for example, from packaging for tablets.

Method 2 With thread:
Tie solid (synthetic) thread around the head of the tick in a loop to a node as close to the proboscis of the tick as close to the skin, make several turns so as not to break the tick thread halves.

Stretching the ends of the thread on the sides by the swinging and twisting movements gently remove the tick, slightly pulling it up. Do not make sharp movements, pull slowly, without jerks and with stops.

Or, after the thread tied, curl both ends of the thread among themselves, holding a twisted thread at an angle of 45 degrees to the place of bite, start doing rotational movements around the tick, slightly tightening the thread on yourself:

Method 3. Tweezers:

Capture a tick tweezers at the trunk is close to the skin without squeezing the abdomen, rotate the tick around its axis.

When using a tweezers, it is necessary to act very carefully, since there is a big risk to surrender (crushing) the body of the tick and put into the wound infection, which will increase the risk of infection.

Method 4. Fingers:

If there is nothing on hand, try to remove ticks with your fingers. Dress gloves, attacks or wrap your fingers bandage.

Wipe the skin with alcohol.

Rotate the tick around its axis alternately in the same way.

After removal of the tick wound treat any antiseptic (iodine, brilliant green, betadine, alcohol, chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, colognes, etc..) And wash your hands. Rank need to process an antiseptic every day, not necessarily fix the bandage. The rank usually heals for a week.

If the tick head broke off when removing - if there is a head, a black point will be visible - it needs to be removed. The remaining part can cause inflammation and suppuration. When isolation head mite infection process can continue as in the salivary glands and ducts can present significant concentration of TBE virus.

To remove the torn head, it is better to contact the nearest therapeutic institution.

If there is no such possibility, the remains of the tick can be flushed out of the wound sterile needle (pre-calcined on fire). After its recovery bite rinse soap solution, disinfect and dry the alcohol, brilliant green, iodine or other alcohol-containing solution.

If a sterile needle and antiseptics not leave it as is - after festering head (proboscis) tick oozes with pus.

Work in rubber gloves or attacks. Do not contact with a tick.

If you can not remove the tick on your own,
he is in hard to reach place Or you fear it to damage, contact the nearest medical institution at your current location (emergency room, surgical ward clinics, infectious diseases hospital, FAP medical ambulance).

To find out where the nearest medical institution is located by phone:

• c urban phone number 03
• c mobile phone by number 112

With me, you need to have a passport and policy of the OMS.

At the Policy of the OMS in any medical institution is required (in accordance SP 3.1.3310-15):

• remove tick;
• deliver ticks to study for hazardous infectious diseases inherent in the territory where he was assembled;
• carry out emergency prevention;
• in the case of infected ticks to inform the victim about the need to take urgent preventive measures within 72 hours after the suction under the supervision of an infectious disease physician, and in his absence - of a therapist.

After removing the tick, you must save to analyze.

Place the remote mite in a clean container (test tube, vial, jar etc.) to which the pre-moistened with water put some hygroscopic paper (filter paper napkin, etc.) - it is important that the body of the insect is in a wet environment.

Storage and delivery of ticks in compliance with these conditions is possible only for 2 days (According to some laboratories - up to 5 days). The earlier you deliver the tick, the more accurate will be the analysis.

For the study on encephalitis and buryllosis, you can bring the living, and dead, and part of the tick, but it is advisable to keep the ticks as integer and alive, because not all laboratories have equipment for analyzing a dead tick or its parts.

What do not do:

• Do not take and do not press the tick with bare hands - the infection can get into the blood through the microcracks on the skin.
• Do not remove ticks with teeth, in this case it does not exclude infection with infections of infections through the mouth.
• Do not flick the tick with sharp objects.
• Ticks can not be squeezed, drag for the abdomen and pull sharply.
• Ticks do not need to pour and smear.
• Ticks do not need to catch.
• Do not comb your bite.

If an uncomplicated tick is found, it is removed and destroyed (thrown into the fire, in the jar with hot water (\u003e 60 degrees. Celsius) or Oil Liquid).

Step 2,1- Make a tick analysis within 2 days from the moment of bite.

Within 2 days (48 hours), take the preserved tick for a laboratory study for tick-borne infections.

Some laboratories take ticks up to 5 days from the day of the bite, but the most informatively study of the tick in the 1st day (24 hours) from the moment of removal.

For the study on encephalitis and borellioz can bring and the living and the dead, and a part of the tick, but it is advisable to save the tick intact and alive. Some laboratories take on the analysis only a whole tick.

Analysis of the tick make state and non-state institutions.

The address of state institutions (hygiene and epidemiology centers, infectious hospitals, laboratories), where the analysis can be carried out, you can learn:

• c urban phone number 03;
• c mobile phone by number 112;
• in the Internet.

Attention! The laboratory does not provide a service for removing the tick of the skin, and conducts only the diagnosis of the ticks extracted. Remove ticks only in medical institutions (traumopuncture, hospital, clinic, FAP, outpatientation).

Analysis time 2 days (1st day - delivery, 2nd obtaining results results, sometimes on the same day, if you brought ticks in the morning). It is better to order a comprehensive analysis of the mite infection (required - to tick-borne encephalitis and tick-borne Lyme disease, it is desirable to other infections).

If, according to the results of laboratory studies, the infections tick is not detected, for 30 days, observe your well-minded. If you feel everything in order, you don't need to do anything else.

The presence of infection at the tick does not mean that you will get sick.

The tick analysis will save from anxiety in the event of a negative result and allow to act consciously and rationally in the case of a positive result.

Step 3.1- Tick is infected: no later than 4 days from the moment of bite, consult medical attention.

If the tick was infected, no later than 4 days (96 hours) from the moment of bite, consult medical attention. You can contact the clinic at the place of residence or in a paid clinic to a doctor-a-therapist or infectious background. The doctor will appoint a treatment appropriate to the causative agent.

The most severe infections caused by the tick bite, which proceed very hard, have a chronic course and a long rehabilitation period (up to 1 year) and can lead to disability and death:

borreliosis or Lyme disease (bacterial infection),

ticky encephalitis (viral infection),

Treatment usually consists of a course of antibiotics and immunomodulators. They are better to start taking on the first day after the tick bite. Treatment must appoint a doctor.

In case the tick is infected with the tick-encephalitis virus and from the moment of bite, no more than 4 days (96 hours) passed, as an emergency prevention, the doctor may prescribe the seroprophylaxis - a single intramuscular injection of human immunoglobulin against tick-borne encephalitis (this is an integral part of serum proteins ) In a dose of 1 ml \u003d 1 ampoule by 10 kg of body weight.

Immunoglobulin is introduced to persons who are immiscounted against tick-borne viral encephalitis; received an incomplete course vaccination; having defects in the vaccine course; Without documentary confirmation of prophylactic vaccinations, as well as vaccinated persons in the case of multiple plusing of ticks.

The effectiveness of the administration of immunoglobulin is strongly influenced by the rate of treatment for medical help after a tick bitter, especially for childhood.

After administration of immunoglobulin, antiviral drugs of the interferon group and vitamin C are prescribed to stimulate immunity.

In cases:

impossibility to introduce immunoglobulin,

in the absence of a laboratory study of a tick or blood,

if you appealed to the doctor when the tick has passed more than 3-4 days after squeezing,

you have no money for immunoglobulin,

the doctor may prescribe an emergency prevention of tick-borne encephalitis with an antiviral drug of iodantipirin.

Iodantypyrin tablets are accepted inside after meals:

• 300 mg (3 tablets) - 3 times a day during the first 2 days;
• 200 mg (2 tablets) - 3 times a day for the next 2 days;
• 100 mg (1 tablet) - 3 times a day for the next 5 days.

Total 45 tablets for 9 days.

Together, immunoglobulin and iodantipyrin is not recommended.

Iodantipyrin can also be used as an additional measure if you have been vaccinated from tick-borne encephalitis.

Part of the doctors iodantipirin does not cause confidence as a drug for the treatment of tick-borne infections.

At the time of the incubation period of tick-borne encephalitis, ensure balanced nutrition, try to avoid any stressful situations for the body (overheating, hypothermia, heavy physical exertion, etc.).

In contraindications to immunoglobulin and iodantypyrin, pregnancy is meant.

Iodantipyrin is contraindicated to persons with increased thyroid function and increased sensitivity to iodine.

Neither Immunoglobulin nor iodantypyrin protects against other tick diseases.

Repeated application of immunoglobulin is possible no earlier than 1 month after administration.

Some experts are recommended in the regions where the high risk of borreliosis infection, during the first 3 days after the bite (the better, the better!) Start the prevention of borreliosis with antibiotics, not even waiting for the results of the tick analysis.

IMPORTANT! The decision to introduce antibiotic immunoglobulin and the appointment of antibiotics and other drugs is taken by the doctor!

Step 2.2- If you have not passed the test tick or there are suspicions of infection, hand over blood test.

If after the tick bites:

you did not surrender ticks for analysis;

or, according to the results of the analysis, it turned out that the tick is a carrier of tick-borne encephalitis, borreliosis;

or there are any symptoms (temperature rise, headache, weakness, malaise, etc.)

pass the blood test on tick-borne encephalitis and tick-top borreliosis and other tick infections, even if you feel well. Burreliosis (Lyme disease) can flow and asymptomatic.

Blood is surrendered on an empty stomach (after meals, there should be at least 4 hours), do not smoke within 30 minutes before surrendering blood.

With you, it is necessary to have a passport, an OMS policy (or DMS, if any) and insurance from the tick bite (if any).

Dates of blood delivery for analysis:

Blood on tickiness infections for analysis by 10-20 days after bite:

after 10 days - and encephalitis borreliosis PCR (PCR can detect the presence of the tick-borne encephalitis, Lyme disease, granulocytic anaplasmosis, monocytic ehrlichiosis);

after 2 weeks (14 days) - on IGM antibodies against the tick-borne encephalitis virus,

through the Z - 4 weeks (21-30 days) - on IGM antibodies against the borreliosis pathogen.

Before surrendering analyzes, consult with your doctor or a laboratory doctor, in what time frames and what tests you need to pass.

If the results of the analysis are positive, it means that the tick has infected you with infection.

You can hand over blood for analysis for free in the clinic at the place of residence. To do this, contact the therapist or infectious background.

Or in paid laboratories.

The readiness of the analyzes is about 1 week.

If the blood test did not confirm infection, there is no danger, but it is necessary to observe for well-being.

If a blood test confirmed the infection, you need to seek treatment to the doctor, therapist, or infectious diseases for diagnosis, hospitalization, treatment and medical supervision.

After a course of treatment carried out another blood test with a positive result, continue treatment, and with a negative - it is advisable to repeat the analysis of the blood in 3-6 months in order to avoid relapse.

Step 3.2- did not pass ticks or blood for analysis: for 1 month, observe the doctor and watch out well-being.

If for some reason you did not handle the tick or blood for analysis, it is necessary for 1 month from the moment of bite to be observed in an infectious background.

Also watch well-being: do not show the symptoms of tick-borne encephalitis, borreliosis or other infections.

The symptoms of tick-borne encephalitis and tick-borne borreliosis are usually manifested during the 2nd week after bite. Symptoms may occur before, and later - after 1 month after infection

General symptoms: chills, temperature rise to 38-40, headache and lubrication in the body.

The main distinguishing feature of borreliosis (Lyme disease) is a migrating ring-shaped erythema. This is a bright red spot at the bite, which gradually increases, forming the rings. In case of borreliosis, the eryterma may not form, but to proceed with symptoms similar to the tick-borne encephalitis.

Borreliosis is very well treated in the early stages, in the launched cases becomes difficult.

With any deterioration of health, urgently contact the medical institution for examination and possible subsequent treatment.

Prevention of tick bites.

The main and main measure of preventing diseases transmitted by bloodsuckers is vaccination. The event significantly reduces the risk of infection after tick bites. Vaccination is necessary for persons living in epidemiologically dangerous districts or people whose work is related to forestry.

Council. Despite the limited risk group, the vaccination is better to do everything. After all, it is not known where "lucky" to meet with a tick.

Primary vaccination is permitted from an early age. Adults can use domestic and imported drugs, children - only imported. You should not buy a vaccine and bring to the vaccination office. There will be no drive anyway.

The drug requires very stringent storage rules, compliance with a certain temperature and light mode, which is not possible at home. Therefore, to acquire an expensive drug and keep it in the refrigerator there is no point.

There are two vaccination options:

1. Preventive vaccination. It helps protect against the tick bite throughout the year, and after an additional vaccination - at least 3 years. Revaccinations are held every three years.
2. Emergency vaccination. Allows you to protect the tick bites on short term. For example, such a procedure will be needed when a urgent trip to the regions with high mite activity. While in epidemically dangerous areas, it is recommended to take iodantipin.

The introduction of vaccines is carried out only after a detailed survey, visual inspection and temperature measurement. Persons having inflammatory diseases are not vaccinated until complete recovery.

How to protect yourself from the bite of a tick?

Going into an unfavorable zone, you should choose the clothes of light tones:

• shirt or jacket with cuff and fitting collar, pants, tired in boots;
• antiehangephalitis suit;
• a dense hood with ties, protecting ears and neck from ticks;
• clothes are desirable to handle insecticidal agents.

For tick scarement, special insecticidal means based on DETA are manufactured, but repellents are not effective enough and require applying every 2 hours. You can process them open areas of the body and clothing.

More effective acaricides. Preparations are used for contact destruction of ticks. You can handle them only the upper clothes that are worn on underwear.

Attention! Often, acaricides are found for applying for skin. However, they should be used very carefully. A strong allergic reaction and poisoning is possible.

Insurance against tick-borne encephalitis.

Recently, the costs of expenses associated with the possible disease of Encephalitis after the "meeting" with the tick took widespread. Such a measure is often used as an addition to vaccination or as an independent event.

Insurance will help pay expensive treatment of tick-borne encephalitis and other infections carrying bloodsuckers.

Attention! The article is referenced. Competent diagnosis and treatment of diseases is possible only under the supervision of a specialist.

We all have this, we hope that this article will help you, be careful and careful. Join us in classmates, and read us on our channel in Yandex.Dzen. So far so far.

Based on materials: Beetlestop.ru, Helpcase.ru.

Tick \u200b\u200bbite - detailed instructions what to do. Updated: April 4, 2018 by the author: Subbotin Paul

Ticks, as you know, are a peddler of a huge number of serious diseases. That is why the bite of malicious insect data must be treated with maximum seriousness. If at least one of the ticks pressed to the human body, it is necessary to immediately remove it. For this, there are numerous ways that will be listed in the future. It can be unambiguously argued that it is impossible to pull too long with the removal of the pest. The longer it is in the body, the greater the likelihood that the body is infected with dangerous infections. People are quite logical asking about what to do if the tick bites, because this problem is quite common.

Diseases that are transferred to the tick:

• lyme disease;
• enfephalitis;
• rickeciosis, etc.

The information presented above is a serious reason to closely relate to the situation. Do not impede the negative effect of tick bite. There is a huge number of examples that these situations led to very serious consequences, and the victims were forced to face long and rather severe treatment.

In addition to the usual tweezers, there are other special purpose devices, with which it is easier to remove ticks. If they are not at hand, the Bint, Wat or Marley will suit this operation. These materials are needed in order to grab the insect and repeat the procedure described above. Alternatively, thread is used as an alternative. To achieve his goal, it must be tied to the node. The closer to do it near the trick, the better. Subsequent twisting is performed in one particular direction. Similar actions must be made until the tick is completely removed. For the sake of justice, it should be noted that the presented method is not the most convenient.

What should I do if bitten by a tick? First aid

Do not trust everyone without exception existing folk remedies. For example, the surface of the body of the tick is not necessarily to be smeared with an oil or any other substance. In the event that the tick himself leaves the human body, it will only be lost time. It is much faster and more efficient to remove it by the physical method. Plus, the tick, which he himself got out, may not be taken in the laboratory. These tips will help deal with the question regarding what to do if the tick was bitten, and the wound is in a hard-to-reach place.

Home Danger

Absolutely any bite of tick is dangerous for the human body. It is not even short-term, because in this case there is still a high risk of infection with a variety of tick-borne infections. Due to the fact that the tick takes the impressive number of diseases, even after removal it must be saved and attributed to the analysis to the laboratory. To do this, you can contact the infectious department of the hospital.

After removal, the tick must be placed in a glass jar, which is also important to throw a maminated with water. The tick must be alive in obligatory. Only so laboratory analysis will be able to show how contagious it is. For the sake of fairness, it should be noted that the infinity of the tick does not lead to a hundred percent of cases to the fact that a person affected by his bite will necessarily face any disease. To greater extent, the analysis of the preserved pest is made for complacency. It is possible to check for the presence of a disease and without studying the results of the test of the tick. In an ordinary hospital, you can hand over blood, after which it will be known how well the person is well.

Basic signs of bite

In the process of development of Lyme disease, the bite looks quite characteristic. Speech in this situation is about stained erythema. In different situations, it can increase to 10 and even 20 centimeters in diameter. Only in the rarest cases, this figure reaches an indicator of 60 centimeters, but this concerns only the most difficult cases. The stain in the overwhelming majority is characterized by a circular shape. After some time, the contour of the appeared spot appears several sublime outdoor kaym. It is distinguished by pretty bright red. Statistics indicate that a fully stain with all the consequences disappears in about two weeks. This natural process can be significantly accelerated using special ointments and other means.