Today we will talk about how to make a self-powerful green or blue laser at home from handicraft materials with your own hands. Also consider drawings, schemes and device of self-made laser pointers with an igniting ray and range up to 20 km

The basis of the laser device is an optical quantum generator, which, using electrical, thermal, chemical or other energy, produces a laser beam.

The basis of the laser is based on the phenomenon of forced (induced) radiation. The radiation of the laser can be continuous, with a constant power, or impulse, achieving extremely large peak capacities. The essence of the phenomenon is that the excited atom is able to emit a photon under the action of another photon without its absorption, if the energy of the latter equals the difference in the energy of the atom levels before and after radiation. In this case, the radiated photon is coherent photon, which caused radiation, that is, it is its exact copy. Thus, light gain occurs. This phenomenon differs from spontaneous radiation in which the emitted photons have random distribution directions, polarization and phase
The likelihood that a random photon will cause induced radiation of an excited atom, exactly equals the probability of absorption of this photone at an atom in an unexcited state. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance light that the excited atoms in the medium were larger than the unexcited. In equilibrium state, this condition is not performed, therefore various pumping systems of the active medium of the laser (optical, electrical, chemical, etc.) are used. In some schemes, the working element of the laser is used as an optical amplifier for radiation from another source.

In the quantum generator there is no external flux of photons, inverse population is created inside it with various pump sources. Depending on sources exist various methods pumping:
optical - powerful flash lamp;
gas discharge in the working substance (active medium);
injection (transfer) current carriers in semiconductor in zone
r-p transitions;
electronic excitation (irradiation in vacuum of a pure semiconductor by electron flow);
heat (heating gas, followed by its sharp cooling;
chemical (use of chemical reaction energy) and some others.

The primary source of generation is the process of spontaneous radiation, therefore, to ensure the continuity of photon generations, the existence of a positive feedback is necessary, due to which the resulsive photons cause subsequent acts of induced radiation. To do this, the active laser environment is placed in an optical resonator. In the simplest case, it represents two mirrors, one of which is translucent - the laser beam is partially out of the resonator through it.

Reflecting from the mirrors, the radiation bundle passes the resonator repeatedly, causing induced transitions in it. Radiation can be both continuous and impulse. At the same time, using various devices for quick shutdown and inclusion of feedback and a decrease in the very period of pulse period, it is possible to create conditions for generating a very high power radiation - these are the so-called giant impulses. This mode of operation of the laser is called modulated quality facilities.
The laser beam is a coherent, monochrome, polarized narrow-controlled light stream. In a word, it is a beam of light emitted not only that synchronous sources are also in a very narrow range, and sooner. Summary extremely concentrated light flux.

The radiation generated by the laser is monochromatic, the probability of photon radiation of a certain wavelength is greater than the closely located, associated with the broadening of the spectral line and the likelihood of induced transitions at this frequency also has a maximum. Therefore, gradually in the process of generating photons of this wavelength will dominate all other photons. In addition, due to the special location of the mirrors in the laser beam, only those photons that are distributed in the direction parallel to the optical axis of the resonator are presented at a short distance from her, the remaining photons quickly leave the volume of the resonator. Thus, the laser beam has a very small divergence angle. Finally, the laser beam has strictly defined polarization. To do this, various polarizers are introduced into the resonator, for example, they can serve as flat glass plates, mounted at the corner of the brutener to the direction of the spread of the laser beam.

From how the working body is used in the laser, the working length of its wave is depends, as well as other properties. The working fluid is subjected to "pumping" by energy in order to obtain the effect of inversion of electronic populations, which causes forced radiation of photons and the effect of optical amplification. Simplest form The optical resonator is two parallel mirrors (they can also be four or more) located around the laser working body. The forced radiation of the working body is reflected in the mirrors back and amplified again. Until the output of the outside, the wave can be reflected many times.

So, we formulate a brief condition necessary to create a source of coherent light:

need a working substance with inverse population. Only then can be obtained to gain light due to forced transitions;
the working substance should be placed between the mirrors that exercise feedback;
the amplification given by the working substance, and therefore the number of excited atoms or molecules in the working substance should be greater than the threshold value depending on the reflection coefficient of the output mirror.

The design of the lasers can use the following types of working bodies:

Liquid. It is used as a working fluid, for example, in lasers on dyes. The composition includes an organic solvent (methanol, ethanol or ethylene glycol), in which chemical dyes (coumarin or rhodamine) are dissolved. The working wavelength of the liquid lasers is determined by the configuration of the molecules of the dye used.

Gases. In particular, carbon dioxide, argon, crypton or gas mixes, as in helium neon lasers. "Package" with the energy of these lasers is most often carried out using electrical discharges.
Solid bodies (crystals and windows). The solid material of such working bodies is activated (doped) by adding a small number of chromium ions, neodymium, erbium or titanium. The following crystals are usually used: alumo-yttrium grenades, lithium-yttrium fluoride, sapphire (aluminum oxide) and silicate glass. Solid state lasers are usually "pumped up" with a pulsed lamp or another laser.

Semiconductors. The material in which the transition of electrons between the energy levels may be accompanied by radiation. Semiconductor lasers are very compact, "pumping out" electric shockWhat allows you to use them in household devices, such as CD players.

To turn the amplifier to the generator, you need to organize feedback. In the lasers, it is achieved when placing an active substance between reflective surfaces (mirrors) forming the so-called "open resonator" due to the fact that part of the energies emitted active substance reflected from the mirrors and returns again to the active substance

The laser uses optical resonators of various types - with flat mirrors, spherical, combinations of flat and spherical, etc. in optical resonators that provide feedback in the laser can be excited only by some certain types of electromagnetic field oscillations, which are called their own oscillations or modes of the resonator.

Fashion are characterized by frequency and shape, i.e., the spatial distribution of oscillations. In a resonator with flat mirrors, oscillation types are predominantly excited, corresponding to flat waves propagating along the resonator axis. The system of two parallel mirrors resonates only at certain frequencies - and performs in the laser and the role that the oscillating circuit plays in conventional low-frequency generators.

The use of an open resonator (and not closed - a closed metal cavity - characteristic of the microwave range) principal, since in the optical range the resonator with dimensions l \u003d? (L is the characteristic size of the resonator ,? - the wavelength) simply can not be made, and with L \u003e\u003e? A closed resonator loses resonant properties, since the number of possible types of oscillations becomes so large that they overlap.

The absence of side walls significantly reduces the number of possible types of oscillations (mod) due to the fact that the waves propagating at an angle to the axis of the resonator quickly go beyond its limits, and allows you to save the resonant properties of the resonator at L \u003e\u003e?. However, the resonator in the laser not only provides feedback due to the return reflected from the radiation mirrors into the active substance, but also determines the laser radiation spectrum, its energy characteristics, the direction of radiation.
In the simplest flat wave approximation, the resonance condition in a flat mirror resonator is that a whole number of half-filled on the resonator is laid: L \u003d Q (? / 2) (q is an integer), which leads to expression for the type of oscillation type with the index Q :? Q \u003d Q (C / 2L). As a result, L. radiation spectrum, as a rule, is a set of narrow spectral lines, the intervals between which are the same and equal to C / 2L. The number of lines (component) at a given length L depends on the properties of the active medium, i.e. on the spectrum of spontaneous radiation on the quantum transition used and can reach several tens and hundreds. Under certain conditions, it is possible to select one spectral component, i.e. to carry out a single mode generation mode. The spectral width of each of the components is determined by the loss of energy in the resonator and, first of all, the transmission and absorption of light by mirrors.

The frequency profile of the gain in the working substance (it is determined by the width and form of the working substance line) and the set of own frequencies of the open resonator. For used in open resonator lasers with high qualityness bandwidth of the resonator ?? p, determining the width of the resonant curves of individual mod, and even the distance between adjacent modes ?? H is less than the width of the amplification line ?? H, and even in gas lasers, where broadening lines are the smallest. Therefore, several types of resonator oscillations fall into the gain circuit.

Thus, the laser does not necessarily generate on one frequency, more often, on the contrary, the generation occurs simultaneously on several types of oscillations for which the amplification? More losses in the resonator. In order for the laser to work at one frequency (in one-frequency mode), it is necessary, as a rule, to take special measures (for example, to increase the loss, as shown in Figure 3) or change the distance between the mirrors so that only one falls into the increasing circuit fashion. Since in optics, as noted above ,? H\u003e? P and the generation frequency in the laser is determined in the main frequency of the resonator, then to keep the stable generation frequency, it is necessary to stabilize the resonator. So, if the gain in the working substance overlaps losses in the resonator for certain types of oscillations, they arise to generation. The seed for its occurrence is, as in any generator, noises representing spontaneous radiation in lasers.
In order for the active medium to radiate the coherent monochromatic light, it is necessary to enter feedback, i.e., part of the light-emitted light flux to be directed back to the medium for the implementation of forced radiation. Positive feedback It is carried out using optical resonators, which in the elementary embodiment are two coaxial (parallel and on one axis) of the mirrors, one of which is translucent, and the other is "deaf", that is, completely reflects the light stream. The working substance (active medium), which creates an inverse population, is located between the mirrors. Forced radiation passes through the active medium, enhanced, reflected from the mirror, again passes through the medium and is even more intensified. Through a translucent mirror, part of the radiation is emitted into an external environment, and the part is reflected back to Wednesday and is reinforced again. Under certain conditions, the flow of photons inside the working substance will begin avalanche-like an increase, the generation of monochromatic coherent light will begin.

The principle of operation of the optical resonator, the prevailing number of particles of the working substance, represented by light circles, are in the main state, i.e. at the lower energy level. Only ne. a large number of Particles represented by dark circles are in an electronically excited state. When exposed to a working substance, the pump source is the main amount of particles goes into an excited state (the amount of dark circles has increased), an inverse population has been created. Further (Fig. 2B), spontaneous radiation of some particles in electronically excited state occurs. Radiation directed at an angle to the resonator axis will leave the working substance and the resonator. Radiation, which is directed along the axis of the resonator, will suit the mirror surface.

In a translucent mirror, a part of the radiation will pass through it into the environment, and the part will reflect and again will go to the working substance, involving the particle in the excited state into the forced radiation process.

In the "deaf" mirror, the entire radiation stream will reflect and reappears a working substance, induced by the radiation of all the remaining excited particles, where the situation is reflected when all excited particles have given their storage energy, and at the output of the resonator, a powerful flow of induced radiation was formed on the side of the translucent mirror.

Maintenance constructive elements Laser includes a working substance with certain energy levels of the components of their atoms and molecules, a pump source that creates inverse population in the working substance, and an optical resonator. There are a large number of different lasers, but all of them have the same and moreover a simple principal scheme of the device, which is presented in Fig. 3.

The exceptions are semiconductor lasers due to their specificity, since they have everything special: and process physics, and pumping methods, and design. Semiconductors are crystalline formations. In a separate atom, the electron energy adopts strictly defined discrete values, and therefore the energy states of the electron in the atom are described in the level language. In the semiconductor crystal, energy levels form energy zones. In a pure, non-impurity semiconductor, there are two zones: the so-called valence zone and located above it (on the energy scale) of the conduction zone.

Between them there is a gap of the prohibited energy values, which is called a forbidden zone. At a semiconductor temperature equal to the absolute zero, the valence area should be completely filled with electrons, and the conduction zone should be empty. In real conditions, the temperature is always higher than absolute zero. But an increase in temperature leads to thermal excitation of electrons, some of them jumps from the valence zone to the conduction zone.

As a result of this process, some (relatively small) amount of electrons appear in the conduction zone, and in the valence zone until its full filling will miss the corresponding amount of electrons. The electronic vacancy in the valence zone is represented by a positively charged particle, which is called a hole. The switched electron transition through the prohibited zone from the bottom is considered as the process of generating an electron-hole pair, and the electrons are focused on the lower edge of the conduction zone, and the holes are at the top edge of the valence zone. Transitions through the forbidden zone are possible not only from the bottom up, but from top to bottom. Such a process is called electron recombination and hole.

When irradiated with a pure semiconductor, the photon energy of which is somewhat exceeds the width of the prohibited zone, three types of light interaction can be performed in the semiconductor crystal: absorption, spontaneous emission and forced emission of light. The first type of interaction is possible when the photon is absorbed by an electron located near the upper edge of the valence zone. In this case, the energy power of the electron will become sufficient to overcome the prohibited zone, and it will make a quantum transition to the conduction zone. Spontaneous emission of light is possible with spontaneous return of the electron from the conduction zone in the valence zone with the emission of the energy quantum - a photon. External radiation can initiate a transition to an electron valence zone, located near the lower edge of the conduction zone. The result of this, the third type of light interaction with the semiconductor substance will be the birth of the secondary photon, identical in its parameters and the direction of movement of the photon, initiated the transition.

To generate laser radiation, it is necessary to create in the semiconductor inverse population of "working levels" - create a sufficiently high concentration of electrons in the lower edge of the conduction zone and, accordingly, a high concentration of holes at the edge of the valence zone. For these purposes, in pure semiconductor lasers, the fluid flow of electrons is usually used.

The resonator mirrors are polished edges of the semiconductor crystal. The disadvantage of such lasers is that many semiconductor materials generate laser radiation only at very low temperatures, and the bombardment of semiconductor crystals by the stream of electrons causes its strong heating. This requires additional cooling devices, which complicates the design of the apparatus and increases its dimensions.

The properties of semiconductors with impurities differ significantly from the properties of nestless, clean semiconductors. This is due to the fact that atoms of some impurities are easily given to the conduction zone according to one of their electrons. These impurities are called donor, and a semiconductor with such impurities - a P-semi-veter. Atoms of other impurities, by contrast, are captured by one electron from the valence zone, and such impurities are acceptor, and a semiconductor with such impurities - a P-semi-conductor. The energy level of impurity atoms is located inside the prohibited zone: in "-Polponds - not far from the lower edge of the conduction zone, y / ^ - semiconductors - near the upper edge of the valence zone.

If in this area, create an electrical voltage so that from the part of the r-semiconductor there is a positive pole, and from the P-semiconductor side is negative, then under the action of the electric field, the electrons from the P-semiconductor and the hole from / ^ - semiconductor will move (injected) in r-P region - Transition.

When electron recombination and holes, photons will be emitted, and in the presence of an optical resonator, laser radiation is generated.

Optical resonator mirrors are polished semiconductor crystal faces, oriented perpendicular plane R-P - Transition. Such lasers differ in miniature, since the size of the semiconductor active element can be about 1 mm.

Depending on the feature under consideration, all lasers are divided as follows).

The first sign. It is customary to distinguish laser amplifiers and generators. In the amplifiers at the inlet, weak laser radiation is supplied, and at the output it is respectively enhanced. There are no external radiation in the generators, it occurs in the working substance due to its excitation using various pump sources. All medical laser devices are generators.

The second feature is the physical condition of the working substance. In accordance with this, the lasers are divided into solid-state (ruby, sapphires, etc.), gas (helium-neon, helium, argon, carbon dioxide, etc.), liquid (liquid dielectric with impurity working atoms of rare earth metals) and semiconductor (arsenide -Hall, arsenide-phosphide-gallium, selenide-lead, etc.).

The method of excitation of the working substance is the third distinguishing feature of lasers. Depending on the source of excitation, lasers with optical pumping, with pumping due to gas discharge, electronic excitation, injection of charge carriers, with thermal, chemical pumping and some others are distinguished.

The laser radiation spectrum is the following feature of the classification. If the radiation is concentrated in a narrow wavelength interval, it is considered to be monochromatic laser and its technical data indicates a specific wavelength; If in a wide range, then you should consider a laser broadband and indicates the wavelength range.

By the nature of the emitted energy, pulsed lasers and continuous radiation lasers are distinguished. Do not mix the concepts of a pulse laser and a laser with frequency modulation of continuous radiation, since in the second case we get in fact the intermittent radiation of various frequencies. Pulse lasers have a high power in a single pulse reaching 10 W, while their mid-pulse power, determined by the respective formulas, is relatively small. In continuous frequency modulation lasers, the power in the so-called impulse is below the power of continuous radiation.

According to the average output power of the radiation (the following sign of classification), the lasers are divided into:

· High-energy (created flux density. Radiation power on the surface of an object or bio-object is over 10 W / cm2);

· Mid-energy (created flux density radiation power - from 0.4 to 10 W / cm2);

· Low energy (created flux density. Radiation power is less than 0.4 W / cm2).

· Soft (created energy irradiation - E or power flow density on the irradiated surface - up to 4 MW / cm2);

· Average (e - from 4 to 30 MW / cm2);

· Hard (e - more than 30 MW / cm2).

In accordance with the "sanitary standards and rules of the device and operation of lasers No. 5804-91" by the degree of risk of generated radiation for the service personnel, the lasers are divided into four classes.

First-class lasers include such technical devices, the output collimant (concluded in limited bodily corner) radiation of which is not dangerous during the irradiation of the eyes and human skin.

Second-class lasers are devices, the output radiation of which is dangerous when irradiated with the eye direct and mirror reflected radiation.

Third-class lasers are devices, the output radiation of which is a danger upon irradiation of the eyes direct and mirror reflected, as well as diffusely reflected radiation at a distance of 10 cm from the diffuse reflective surface, and (or) when the skin is irradiated with direct and mirror reflected radiation.

Fourth-class lasers are devices, the output radiation of which is danger when irradiating the skin diffusely reflected radiation at a distance of 10 cm from the diffuse reflective surface.

Perhaps every lover of electronics and radio engineering at least once in life dreamed of creating a laser with her own hands. A couple of dozen years ago, it could be done only in the secret laboratory. However, thanks to the progress and accessibility of the components, now create a laser is quite possible from the usual DVD drive.

Briefly about the laser

The laser, or as it is called a scientific, optical quantum generator is a special device that converts incoming energy into a narrow-controlled beam. IN modern world Similar products most often used in the space sphere and production. However, every amateur "to skip" in electronics can make it independently, i.e. at home with their own hands and without the use of special devices.

As mentioned above, the laser can be made from the DVD drive. However, it is not necessary to hope that it will be in power similar to the weapon of "Stars of Death" from " Star Wars» . The optical laser that is made with your own hands is unlikely to cope with iron or wood. However, it will be quite possible to cut:

If the thread is not needed, you can: Laser from the DVD drive:

• Slide patterns or drawings on wooden surfaces.
• Lart various objects removed at a high distance.
• Use as decoration at home.
• Do straight lines (since the ray is clearly visible), which will be especially useful in construction and repair.

In addition to the above options, a laser made with your own hands from a DVD drive, you can come up with many of the most diverse tasks. Especially its potential is well revealed in the creative sphere.

Required tools

To make a laser, specific components will be required. All of them are sold in ordinary electronics stores, so any extra effort Apply not to have to be applied. So, for the manufacture, you will need:

As can be seen to make a laser from a DVD driveThis requires some complex components.

Requirements for DVD drive

As mentioned above, it is very important that the laser diode in the device is in working condition. Therefore, it will not be superfluous to make sure that. In other cases, the components will have to buy in people selling spare parts.

Also should pay attention to the product brand. SAMSUNG devices are not suitable for creating a laser. The reason lies in the disappearance of a special case, due to which the diode is particularly subject to mechanical damage, contamination and thermal loads. It is quite possible to break the hand with a simple touch.

The best option is drives from LG. In addition to protecting the optical diode, the crystals of different power are installed in them. This allows you to know which power will be laser itself.

In addition to the performance of diodes and the product brand, it is also necessary to consider the type of DVD drive. Normal drive designed purely to read information from the carrier. Therefore, for the manufacture of a laser, you will need a recording drive in which there is an infrared emitter.

Summarizing, you can highlight 3 basic diskware requirements:

• The device can record information to the disk (recording models).
• Laser diodes in working condition.
• There is protection of diodes (drive not from Samsung).

Disbanding drive

This process should be carried out with extreme caution. With inaccurate circulation, you can not only damage the device, but also harm your eyes. The fact is that the laser can blind for a while and adversely affect visual acuity. Therefore, perform all the following items do not rush:

Power supply

Part of the work is made. Now the homemade device must be provided with electric shock. Power supply standard diode must be 3V, and consumption up to 400 mA. These values \u200b\u200bmay vary depending on the speed of recording to the disk.

There are 2 methods of nutrition, each of which has advantages and disadvantages. However, each of the battery (batteries) runs.

First option

Distinctive feature The first method is the regulation of voltage using the resistor. Laser does not require high power. So, drive components, the recording speed of which is 16x, it will be enough 200 mA. You can increase this value to the maximum up to 300 mA, otherwise there is a chance to spoil the crystal and forget about the homemade laser.

The main advantages of this method are to ensure the product and ease of manufacture. The main disadvantage is possible problems with the placement of batteries.

Second way

Create a laser for this option will be more difficult. In addition, the finished device is more suitable for stationary placement. Business in the driver (LM-317 microcircuit)which represents a fee to create a certain power, as well as electrotock limitations.

As can be seen in the diagram, to create a laser will be required:

• Directly, LM-317 microcircuit.
• 2 resistors on 10 ohms.
• 1 variable resistor per 100 ohms.
• 1 diode.
• Condenser for 100 μF.

Regardless ambient, as well as a power source, the driver will maintain the power of 7V.

Optics

The homemade collimator is the easiest way to make from the usual laser pointer. I even come true the cheapest chinese version. All that is required is to get an optical lens from "Laser" (it is very noticeable).

The width of the beam will be more than 5 mm. Of course, such an indicator is considered to be very large and cannot claim the title of laser. Reduce diameter up to 1 mm just helps stock lens collimator. True, to achieve such a result will have to work pretty. The main thing is not to rush and not lose self-control.

In conclusion

Creating a laser with your own hands is a very exciting process. It does not require any special components or large financial costs. It is enough accuracy and superficial knowledge about the electrician. With successful manufacture, you can start using the device. The cutting laser is easily shovels balloons, burns paper and leaves footprints on the tree. However, when used should not be forgotten about safety technician.

Each of us kept in the hands of a laser pointer. Despite the decorativeness of the application, it contains the real laser, assembled on the basis of a semiconductor diode. The same elements are installed on laser levels and.

The next popular product assembled on the semiconductor is a written DVD drive of your computer. It has a more powerful laser diode with thermal destructive power.

This allows you to burn a disk layer by applying tracks with digital information on it.

How does the semiconductor laser work?

Devices of this type inexpensive in production, the design is sufficiently massive. The principle of laser (semiconductor) diodes is based on the use classic P-N Transition. It works such a transition as in conventional LEDs.

The difference in the organization of radiation: LEDs emit "spontaneously", and laser diodes "forced."

The general principle of the formation of the so-called "population" of quantum radiation is performed without mirrors. The edges of the crystal are cleaned mechanically, providing the effect of refraction on the ends, akin to the mirror surface.

To obtain various types of radiation, the "homochortage" can be used when both semiconductors are identical, or "heterochor", with different materials Transition.


Actually laser diode is an affordable radio component. It can be bought in stores selling radio components, and can be removed from the old drive DVD-R (DVD-RW).

Important! Even a simple laser used in light pointers can seriously damage the retina.

More powerful installations, with a burning beam, can deprive vision or cause skin burns. Therefore, when working with similar devices, observe maximum caution.

Having at the disposal such a diode, you can easily make a powerful laser with your own hands. In fact, the product may be completely free, or you will be hung for funny money.

Laser do it yourself from dvd drive

To begin with, it is necessary to get the drive itself. It can be removed from the old computer or purchased on the flea market for the symbolic cost.

Laser pointer is a useful item, the purpose of which depends on the power. If it is not very high, then the beam can be brought to remote items. In this case, the pointer can play the role of toys and used for entertainment. She can carry and practical benefit, helping a person to show the object that he speaks about. Using firm items, you can make a laser with your own hands.

Briefly about the device

The laser was invented as a result of testing the theoretical assumptions of scientists, which still began to emerge quantum physics then. The principle of laser pointer was predicted by Einstein at the beginning of the XX century. No wonder this device is so called - "pointer".

More powerful lasers are used to burn out. Pointer makes it possible to realize creative potentialFor example, with their help you can engrave on a tree or a handsome high-quality pattern on the plexigla. The most powerful lasers can cut the metal, so they are used in construction and repair work.

The principle of the laser pointer

On the principle of operation, the laser is a photon generator. The essence of the phenomenon that lies in its basis, is that the energy in the form of a photon affects the atom. As a result, this atom radiates the next photon, which moves in the same direction as the previous one. These photons have the same phase and polarization. Of course, the emitted light in this case is enhanced. Such a phenomenon can occur only in the absence of thermodynamic equilibrium. To create induced radiation, apply different methods: Chemical, Electric, Gas and others.

The word "laser" originated not from scratch. It was formed as a result of a reduction in words describing the essence of the process. In English, the full name of this process sounds like this: "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation", which is translated into Russian as a "enhancement of light through forced radiation." If we speak scientifically, then laser pointer - This is an optical quantum generator.

Preparation for the manufacture

As mentioned above, you can make a laser with your own hands at home. To do this, prepare the following tools, as well as simple items, which are almost always available in home ...

These materials are enough to fulfill all the work on the manufacture of both simple and powerful laser with their own hands.

Self assembly laser

It will be necessary to find a drive. The main thing is that its laser diode is working. Of course, at home such an item may not be. In this case, it can be purchased from those who have it. Often, people throw out optical drives, even if their laser diode is still working or sold them.

Choosing a drive for the manufacture of a laser device, need to pay attention to the firm in which he was released. The main thing is that this company does not have samsung: drives from this manufacturer are equipped with diodes that do not have protection against outdoor exposure. Consequently, such diodes are rapidly polluted and exposed to thermal loads. They may be damaged even as a result of light touch.

The best for the manufacture of the laser is suitable drives from LG: each model is equipped with a powerful crystal.

It is important that the actuator can not only read the actuator when using direct intended purpose. In the recording printers there is an infrared emitter required to build a laser device.

The work is enclosed in the following actions:

Ready laser pointer made with your own hands, can easily cut cellophane packages and trust instantly balloons. If you bring this homemade device to a wooden surface, then the beam will say it. When used, care must be taken.

Many know about the possibilities of laser technologies and their benefits. They are used not only in industry, but also in cosmetology, medicine, everyday life, art and other industries human life. However, not everyone knows how to make a laser at home. But it can be built from the girlfriend. To do this, you will need non-working drive for reading DVDs, lighter or flashlight.

Before at home, you need to collect all needed elements. First of all, you need to disassemble the DVD drive. All screws that hold the top and bottom cover of the device are twisted for this. Next, the main loop is disconnected and the board is unscrewed. Protection of diodes and optics should be hacked. The next step will be the extraction of the diode, for which the pliers are commonly used. In order for static electricity to damage the diode, its legs must be tied with wire. It is necessary to remove the diode to be careful not to break the legs.

Further, before making a laser at home, you need to make a laser driver, which is represented by a small circuit regulating the diodes. The fact is that if the power is not exhibited, then the diode can quickly fail. As a power source, you can use finger batteries or battery from a mobile phone.

Before making a laser at home, you need to consider the fact that the burning effect is ensured by optics. If it is not, the laser will just shine. As optics, you can use a special lens from the same drive from which the diode was taken. To correctly set the focus, you need to apply a laser pointer.

In order to build a typical pocket laser, you can use the usual lighter. However, before making a laser from a lighter, you need to find out the technology of the structure. Lusha is just purchased a qualitative incendiary element. It should be disassembled, but it should not be thrown out the details, as they will be useful in the design. If gas remained in the lighter, it must be released. Then the insides must be pulled out with a drill with special nozzles. Inside the housing, the lighter is located a diode from the drive, several resistors, switch and battery. All elements of the lighter need to be installed on their places, after which the button that previously lit the flame, will turn on the laser.

However, for the construction of the device, you can use not only a lighter, but also a flashlight. Before making a lantern lantern, you need to take a laser block from the CD drive. In principle, the structure homemade laser The flashlight does not differ from the laser device in the lighter. It is only necessary to take into account the power of the power, which almost never exceeds 3 V, and it is also desirable to build an additional voltage stabilizer. It will increase the term it is very important to take into account the polarity of the diode and the stabilizer.

All the collected stuffing should be accommodated in the case of a disassembled flashlight. Previously from the flashlight removed not only the inner part, but also glass. After installing the laser block, the glass is installed in place.