Air in modern apartment buildings is not clean, it contains many different particles: dust, microorganisms, bacteria, pet hair, clothing particles, etc. This is harmful to human health. Contaminants must be removed from the air. It is not necessary to buy expensive installations for this. You can assemble an air purifier with your own hands. Such a device would be inexpensive, simple, and effective.

Types of cleaners

By the type of air cleaning method used, the devices can be divided into 2 types:

1. Designed for rooms with dry air.
2. Suitable for rooms with humid air.

In the first case, water is used as a filter. Due to its evaporation, additional will occur. Therefore, it is not recommended to use such a device in damp rooms - the air humidity will only grow.

The second type of device uses an absorbent such as simple table salt. This substance is hygroscopic, which means it absorbs moisture from environment... Therefore, when using this type of purifier, the air will be dehumidified.

Before proceeding with the assembly of the cleaner, it is necessary. The optimal level is considered to be from 40 to 60%. If this indicator is lower, then the air must be humidified, if higher, it must be dried.

So, using a purifier will not only remove pollutants from the air, but also help make the indoor climate more comfortable for its inhabitants.

Cleaner for apartments with dry air

It is very easy to assemble such a setup. For this you will need:

• deep container with a lid;
• a small fan of low power, a cooler for a computer is quite suitable;
• water, better purified, filtered or distilled;
• fan / cooler fasteners;
• power source, such as batteries;
• a sharp knife or other cutting object.

Step-by-step manufacturing of an air cleaner

Work progress:

1. Cut a hole in the container lid to fit the cooler. The fan must be tight.
2. Secure the cooler. Suitable size screws or special glue can be used. The fan must be carefully fastened, otherwise it may fall into the water, resulting in a short circuit and failure.
3. Pour water into the container so that it does not reach the cooler. For safety reasons, 3-5 cm must remain before the fan. Then the risk of water getting on the contacts of the device will be excluded.
4. Close the container with a lid with a fan.
5. Connect the cooler to a power source. When choosing, you need to consider what voltage it is designed for: a 12-volt fan cannot be directly connected to a home outlet.
6. A properly assembled cleaner will work as soon as it is turned on. You can also make a device that automatically adjusts the operating time of the fan. But this is at the request of users.

Do not leave the device turned on all the time, as this can lead to overmoistening of the air. Periodically, the water in the container must be changed or refilled as it evaporates. It is best to use a clear plastic container to keep track of the water level and how dirty it is.

To enhance the cleaning properties of the device, you can use a carbon filter, which is attached to the fan. And if you put a silver object in water, the air will be saturated with silver ions.

Wet room air purifier

Step-by-step manufacture of the purifier

The assembly instructions for the cleaner will be as follows:

1. In the container, you need to cut 2 holes on the walls opposite each other, but at different levels. The fan hole should be higher. The second, located on the opposite wall, is lower and smaller in diameter.
2. Fasten the fan to the designated place.
3. Make a filter of porous material a little larger than the second hole. For example, cotton or foam rubber can be wrapped in several layers of gauze folded.
4. Secure the filter with glue or tape.
5. Pour salt into the container so that it covers the opening with the filter, but does not reach the fan.
6. Connect the fan to the power source and turn on the device at low speed. Otherwise, the crystals will knock on the container, creating a constant unpleasant noise.

The sucked in air will pass through 2 filters: a porous material that will trap larger particles, and through salt, which will collect excess moisture, bacteria and finer dust. Also, the air will be saturated with chlorine and sodium ions.

As it gets dirty, you will have to change the porous filter. Salt, absorbing moisture, will thicken and cake. It will also need to be changed periodically.

Almost everyone can assemble an air purifier with their own hands. This does not require special knowledge and skills. This is a very simple and useful device.

Air filtration from harmful vapors, carbon monoxide and various odors is essential in any ventilation system of industrial enterprises, medical, administrative and public institutions and residential complexes. For large areas industrial carbon filters for cleaning with high performance are used. But what about the residents of private houses and cottages, buying equipment is expensive and requires professional installation. You can make a charcoal filter for the hood with your own hands, the main thing is to know the principle of operation and its features.

When the filter depletes its resource, replacement with my own hands will not become very expensive

Air cleaner and how it works

The standard airspace filtration system includes a conventional fan and successively installed purification barriers. Depending on the pollution class, the following types of pollution control are distinguished:

• mechanical coarse filter, retains large dust elements at least 0.3 microns;
• electrostatic, removes fine dust particles from 0.01 microns and aerosol vapors by charging pollution elements;
• photocatalytic works on the principle of decomposition chemical elements and destroys bacteria using UV radiation;
• with activated carbon, intended for cleaning from all gaseous contaminants, acting on the principle of adsorption;
• biofilters, used for cleaning from gas pollution;
• antistatic agent, as a rule, these are all kinds of sprays or additives in the air washer;
• for compressed air, it is used for industrial purposes to remove oil and water vapors.

Activated carbon is a pure form of carbon with a porous water-repellent surface. This property allows for better odor removal as it does not absorb water. The activated carbon used has 3 different pore sizes, this is due to the raw material: wood, nut shells or coal. The largest number of pores is found in coal obtained from walnut shells.

How to assemble a filtering device with your own hands

Currently, in order to save money, more and more people began to remember the stagnant times and tinker various devices on one's own. Consider how you can assemble a filter with your own hands, since there are a lot of varieties we will disassemble each type step by step.

1. The charcoal filter is very simple to make with your own hands. It is necessary to take 2 cylindrical containers or sewer pipes different diameters. Use a drill to make perforations. Wrap each separately outside with agrotechnical fabric, securing it well with clamps. Insert one container into another and pour carbon granules between them, you get a cylindrical carbon filter. Close the ends hermetically so that the air flow passing through the holes goes out into the ventilation duct. On one side, a fan is installed with the other outlet for ventilation.
2. You can make a charcoal cleaner with your own hands using a used air filter from a truck. To do this, you need to take it, disassemble it without damaging the mesh, and reduce the inner diameter for the required fan. Usually a fan with a diameter of up to 100 mm is taken. Pour activated carbon between the nets, wrap the outside with a cloth.
3. Hydro filter, can be made using a steam generator or CDs, the principle of operation is based on humidification. Such a design implies the passage of an air flow through a container with water and due to the attraction of dust particles, it is cleaned and wet out. Ideal for air purification in dry rooms.
4. Roll filter made of fibrous materials. It is very easy to make it. Wrap the fabric in a roll onto any mesh twisted to fit the diameter of the fan and the cleaner is ready to work.
5. The smoke filter is quite simple to make and can be made so small that it can be used on a desktop. A fan is mounted in any case or plastic box, it is possible from a computer. Holes for air supply are cut on the body. A carbon cloth filter is laid to the fan, it can be in several layers.

Various homemade products show work no worse than factory ones, the main thing is to observe safety at the points of connection to electricity, especially in devices using water.

Household use

Before purchasing such a device for the home, you need to understand its design and principle of operation. There are several types of filters:

• window, installed directly on window frame, opens as needed;
• main, used to obtain clean air in a house or cottage. Installed in common system ventilation. Charcoal main filters are often used in industrial premises, for point connection;
• for the kitchen over the stove or in another way the hood. Most commonly used filter fine cleaning air.

The main preference for installation in the hood is given to carbon filters for cleaning the odor, which is always present above the stove. Exhaust systems operate on the recirculation principle, since in addition to soot and fatty vapors, it is necessary to remove various small impurities.

Carbon filters work most effectively to remove odors from the air. With its adsorbent property, the charcoal filter for the hood removes not only odor, but also the smallest particles of soot and dirt.

Besides kitchen hood install smoke extractors for cottages and private houses. The presence of boilers and furnaces provokes the presence carbon monoxide, to eliminate it in these rooms, it is advisable to apply filtration with activated carbon. During low-rise construction, many people forget to lay ventilation ducts. Subsequently, they lay an autonomous highway passing through all the premises. Either separate home air purification devices or one common floating-load filter are connected into it.

Application in industrial premises

Clean air is essential not only in everyday life, but also at work. The ecological situation at the location of the enterprise depends on this. In production facilities, compressed air main filters are used, which have a large throughput and a high degree of purification. Industrial filters consist of fibers distributed in such a way that dirt particles accumulate as they pass through their layers. Purification devices used in the industrial sphere can be divided into 2 types:

• preliminary - deep electrostatic and dry fine-fiber;
• mesh - equipped with irrigation and capable of self-cleaning.

To normalize the operation of the ventilation system in industrial premises, a special filter is installed, an air pressure regulator, to lower the air pressure in the line and maintain it in a certain range.

The use of activated carbon filters is very extensive, since human health completely depends on the purity of the air and the sorbing properties are undeniable. Even a car will not run without oxygen purified to the proper level. Dust and harmful gases are constantly in the air, so do not skimp on your own health and install a carbon filter for the air. Not only does the kitchen need an extractor hood, any room deserves an air filter for an apartment and a private house.

Small particles of dust and other pollutants are constantly floating around and this has a detrimental effect on health. Buying a ready-made device is very expensive for many, so they begin to make an air purifier with their own hands for a house or apartment.

A device for cleaning the air space in a room, the filter of which is water, is called an air wash. It is not difficult to assemble such a device with your own hands, the main thing is to have basic skills and a little imagination.

The principle of operation of the air washer is based on the evaporation of water

Required materials and manufacturing steps

Consider step by step instructions DIY assembly of a simple air cleaner from a fan. For this you will need:

• any plastic container with a lid;
• fan, its power should be low, you can take an old cooler from your computer;
• pure water;
• handy tool.

Having prepared everything you need, we start assembling a homemade air purifier:

• install the fan on the container lid. It must be taken into account that it must sit tightly and be firmly fixed. Otherwise, from its own vibration, the fan will burn loose and fall into the water, this will lead, at best, to a short circuit;
• pour water into the container. The level should not reach 3-5 cm to the cooler blades;
• close the lid.

This simple do-it-yourself water purifier starts working immediately after plugging into the network. You can put a charcoal filter in it for additional purification, or add silver or a fragrance to the water, then the air of the room will be saturated with silver ions and incense. The main thing is to constantly monitor the water level, for this you can provide a window for refilling.

Another, more cost-effective, is a do-it-yourself CD-ROM air washer is more difficult to make. In every family there is a certain number of old worn discs, but in order to use them it is necessary to put them in proper shape. To assemble the air washer from the plates with your own hands, you need:

• grind with a machine or a roughing brush to bring the disks for washing the air with your own hands to a rough state, since moisture does not linger on the glossy surface;
• on the edges of the disks, solder pieces of plastic washers that act as scoops;
• find a rectangular plastic container and install small fans on 3 sides, computer ones can be connected in series;
• Place the required number of plates on plastic pipe, the diameter of which is selected according to the hole in the disc. You can use a pipe for electrical wiring;
• in order for good filtration and washing the air with water with your own hands to work correctly, it is necessary to lay plastic washers up to 3 mm thick between the discs;
• disks strapped onto a shaft are installed in a container and set in motion using a small motor from a toy;
• the container is filled with water to the level of the fans;
• an opening for refilling is provided on the side.

In this homemade air washer, the fans installed on top work to pull in, and the side fans push out the humidified environment.

Not everyone can afford to buy a sink, but it is possible to assemble an air purifier from dust with your own hands. Moreover, almost everyone has old computers, plastic buckets with lids from paint or other building materials, old CDs. Putting it all together, you get a wonderful do-it-yourself air cleaner.

Varieties of air purifiers

Most people try to buy goods in a store, believing that they cannot do better than a factory manufacturer. When the time comes and the repair of the electrostatic cleaner begins with your own hands, almost everyone is convinced of the simplicity of the design.

Jack of all trades manage to make a powerful air wash with their own hands, using a bucket with a sealed lid, evaporators and a fan. Moreover, in terms of cost, it costs them several times cheaper.

Many live in areas located close to factories, boiler houses, thermal power plants and other smoking industries. It is impossible to constantly stay in a smoky room, and buying a special device is expensive, so self-taught inventors make an air purifier from smoke with their own hands. In this case, fans and carbon filters are used. Non-smokers put miniature, hand-made, battery-powered cleaners on their desktops.

Having the desire, you can make the kind of cleaner you need with your own hands, be it electrostatic, or the simplest one. Women, knowing about the dangers of dry air, constantly hang a wet towel on hot radiators, but what about the summer. The batteries do not work, dust and pollen particles are raised in the air from the heat, causing an allergic reaction. Then the question of how to make an air purifier becomes especially acute.

Air purification is a priority task, since the health of others depends on it. Therefore, it is necessary to buy an air purifier or decide how to make a purifier yourself in advance, so as not to blame the weather and the environment for your well-being. In order to save money, a home-made air purifier can also work as an air conditioner, as soon as ice pieces are added to the water and the temperature in the room will drop by 7-8 degrees.

The principle of operation of an air cleaner for the house with their own hands, which anyone can make, is the same as that of a commercial device - polluted air passes through the device (filtration system or a single filter) and the cleaning process takes place.

Some filters can use atypical, rare additions to cleaning - ionization of air, processing it with infrared radiation, and others. Such additions are considered unitary (highly specialized) and only partially enhance the effect of cleaning in a standard way.

DIY options for making a device

Anyone can make a filter for air purification with their own hands. You just need to decide in advance on the conditions in which it will work and choose the filler suitable for you for filtration.

DIY air purifier for dry rooms. Dry rooms are rooms where the humidity is less than 30%. It is very important to try to increase the overall humidity level, and never lower it. Take a small water container and fill it halfway.

Place a computer cooler or fan that runs at low speeds on one end of the container. Secure the "air supply system" so that it cannot enter the water - this could lead to a short circuit in the mains. Due to the interaction (penetration) of air with water, it is purified, as well as the process of increasing humidity. Can be poured hot water in a container, thus, the steam will saturate the entire room.

For wet rooms. It is better not to additionally humidify humid rooms (humidity level is more than 60 - 75%). For an air purifier, you can use standard kitchen salt instead of water as described above.

The properties of salt allow it to absorb moisture and be cleaned. To prevent the salt from scattering from the air stream, it should be covered with gauze or any other material that would not call it to disintegrate into small grains.

With charcoal filter. A do-it-yourself charcoal filter purifier can be made if you have enough activated carbon. Place the charcoal inside the container and make small holes in it (you can use a corner).

The “fan” should be positioned so that it blows air out of the container rather than blowing air into it. Next, you need to cover the container with a cloth so that the "fan" blows out only the air that can flow through the small holes where the coal is located.

Important! For greater efficiency, such a purifier can be raised to make it easier for it to take air from the bottom of the container. Coal does not affect indoor humidity in any way.

Instructions for using the device

1. The device should not work too noisy; a loud noise indicates difficulties with the air supply (the motor "suffocates" and starts to work at increased speeds). It may also indicate an unsuccessful fastening of the fan itself.
2. Filtration media must be changed periodically; Don't forget this! A homemade filter will not be able to personally remind you of this procedure! It is recommended to put a notification on your mobile phone about the date of replacement of the filter medium.
3. Try not to leave homemade air purifiers unattended. Any electrical appliance (especially a homemade one) requires special vigilance and care during its operation and, if possible, should not be left unattended. As for homemade air purifiers, they should be supervised during the entire period of their operation.

Too much dust accumulates in any room and is absorbed upholstered furniture, carpets, children's toys and even the man himself. And no matter how intense the fight for cleanliness is, dust particles will still float in the air of the room. You can improve the confrontation process by using an air cleaner. A fairly simple and highly efficient device is an electrostatic air purifier.

General Approach to Home Cleaner Engineering

• Housing with slots for intake of dirty and discharge of clean air masses.
• Purifying and ionizing filter.
• Dust collector, consisting of installed electrodes with different polarities.
• Electronic controls for automatic control.
• Power supply for starting the device.

Principle of operation

The corona charge created on the electrode produces charged ions. As they move, they capture dust particles and bacteria. By settling on the electrode, such ions together with themselves "glue" the harmful components of the air. Clean air is fed back into the room. A simple working algorithm allows you to use the device in any type of room. It is suitable for small rooms, the area of ​​which does not exceed 20 m2.

Dignity

• Effective elimination of dust particles, the size of which does not exceed 1 micron. A simple repair can provoke the appearance of a large amount of dust.
• The minimum consumption of electrical energy, since the power of modern devices does not exceed 45 watts.
• The installed filter does not need to be replaced. In case of contamination, it is simply washed under running water at least once every 10 days in case of intensive use.
• Models without a fan do not generate sound, which allows them to be used in a children's room or at night.

In this case, it is not at all necessary to purchase a ready-made device. You can make your own indoor air purifier with a little effort and time. This will ultimately result in cost savings.

DIY electrostatic air purifier: option number 1

The design of a professional air purifier presented below allows you to determine how to install the device with your own hands. According to the proposed scheme, you can make the device yourself. Components mechanisms are purchased in specialized stores, or replaced with improvised means. For example, a HEPA filter is replaced by carbon elements, a coarse filter is replaced by a porous material, and an ionizer in the structure can be omitted.

This scheme works with artificial supply of polluted air. A conventional fan can be used to move air masses. By connecting such a purifier to the power supply, you can remove dust within 12 hours. But, its main drawback is the production of ozone, which in a large number harmful to the human body.

Important! Using an additional activated carbon filter, installing a silica gel baffle will more efficiently and quickly remove dust particles from the air.

DIY air purifier for home: option number 2

Required structural elements

• A small fan with a voltage of 12V.
• Power supply: Krona battery.
• Terminal for connecting the power supply.
• Plastic container that matches the dimensions of the fan.
• Filter element: carbon.

Manufacturing process

• Apply markings on the prepared container to make holes for the entry and exit of air masses.
• At the bottom of the container, mark the sawing lines that correspond to the dimensions of the battery.
• Use the terminal to connect the fan to a power source - a battery.
• Check the functionality of the assembled structure.
• Place the finished structure in a plastic container.
• Cut the charcoal filter to the size of the container.
• Place the filter element over the fan.

Important! To improve the reliability of the design, it is better to solder the battery to the fan. This will eliminate power interruptions, and therefore increase the efficiency of the device.

Homemade air purifier from dust with humidification: design No. 3

To accomplish the task, the following are used:

• volumetric plastic container with a lid;
• 12 V power supply that can be connected to the mains;
• small fan;
• filter element.

The design principle is similar to No. 2: a hole is made in the plastic tank for installing a fan and a power supply. In the upper part of the tank, the fan is firmly fixed with bolts to prevent it from burrowing into the water. Water is poured into the bottom of the plastic tank. The liquid should not reach the fan by at least 3 cm. This device can be equipped with a relay, with which you can automatically control the structure: it will turn on and off after a certain time on its own, which, you see, is very convenient.

How to make a DIY air purifier for a room with high humidity

To complete the project, materials are required:

• a plastic container with a depth of at least 20 cm;
• a low-power fan, the impeller of which rotates slowly;
• sea ​​or table salt;
• porous material: a multi-layer pillow like a cotton-gauze bandage, foam rubber;
• power supply for fan operation;
• fasteners;
• reliable glue of hasty action;
• sharpened knife for performing the assembly process.

You can make your own air purifier by following the instructions:

• v plastic container make two holes of different sizes on different walls: the hole for installing the fan should be the same size as the device for air exchange. Place it slightly higher than the second hole on the opposite side;
• fix the fan;
• make a filter, the size of which will slightly exceed the size of the second hole. The filter can be made in a multi-ball way: gauze + cotton wool;
• fix the filter on the box with quick-drying glue;
• pour dry salt in such a way that the substance covers the hole with installed filter but did not reach the fan;
• connect the structure to a power source, and start the mechanism.

Important! When creating a cleaner for an apartment with high humidity, you must use a fan that rotates very slowly. Otherwise, the intense air flow will "stir up" the salt, which knocking on the sides of the container will irritate your hearing. Such a device is not suitable for use at night.

This purifier has 2 levels of filtration: a porous material in the form of gauze will eliminate dust particles; salt that absorbs excess moisture, bacteria and fine dust. A homemade electrostatic air purifier of this type will saturate the air in the room with chlorine and sodium ions, making the air in the room more beneficial for humans and indoor plants.

The do-it-yourself cleaner is made taking into account the humidity in the room. To measure it, a special device is used - a hygrometer. The optimum humidity in the room in accordance with GOST 30494-96 is 40-60%. If the hygrometer readings are more than 70%, a dry cleaner should be used. With rates less than 30%, a device with air humidification is required.