The owners of their houses do not always manage to connect to the citywide sewage system. Therefore, most often in private houses, independent sewer systems are created, the maintenance of which falls on the shoulders of the owner of the house. In conditions of a close location to the city, you can always call a sewer truck to clean the sump. But what to do when the city is far enough away, and each call costs a considerable amount of money?

In this case, the situation is saved by a submersible fecal pump for pumping out the sewage system at home. Which type of pump should you choose? Pressurized, vacuum, pumping or toilet with a grinder for forced sewage - let's try to figure it out.

Sewerage pumps in a private house

The main difference between submersible pumps and drainage and semi-submersible pumps is that they are designed to pump out water with large solids. Place it at the bottom of a cesspool or septic tank. The pump body and parts must be made of stainless steel or cast iron. Do not forget that the pump always works in a difficult environment, therefore there should not be any soft and brittle materials in it. Automation and float switch allow the pump to operate in full autonomous mode.

Main selection criteria

When choosing a pump, there are a few particularly important points to consider:

• the volume of liquid that the pump will pump;
• immersion depth;
• force of pressure;

Choose the pump that fits your sewage system exactly

• the diameter of the passage of the pipe that will transport the masses to the septic tank;
• way of engine cooling;
• location of branch pipes.

The performance of a sewer pump should play a key role when choosing a model. The higher the number, the faster and better your pump will work.

An equally important aspect is the impeller design.

Attention. The performance of the knives is higher than the performance of the cutting edge.

In addition, some models provide a self-cleaning system for the cutting mechanisms, which has an excellent effect on the smooth operation of the pump.

You should also take into account the head maximum of the pump. Conventionally, the average value is considered to be 10 m.

Installing a faecal submersible pump

In order for the engine to work without overheating and to cope with heavy loads, it needs good system cooling. So do not forget to pay attention to this when choosing a model.

The pump for pumping out the sewage must be installed at the very bottom of the tank. Guides for lowering the pump are mounted on the walls, and a special pipe is installed at the bottom. The unit itself is lowered using a cable or chain, the pump is mounted on the branch pipe due to its own weight.

Varieties of fecal pumps according to the principle of operation

The fecal pump must be selected depending on the type of sewage system and the presence of solid impurities in polluted liquids:

• pressure head;
• pumping over;
• vacuum;
• dressing with a grinder.

Their difference lies in the principle of operation, the maximum permissible temperature of the discharged liquid and the presence or absence of a grinder. The fecal pump with a special cutting mechanism is not afraid of blockages and is designed to pump liquids with any solid inclusions not exceeding 3.5 cm in diameter.

Feces pump with chopper

The principle of operation of this type of equipment is reduced to the automatic start of the knives, which carry out grinding in a matter of seconds, and then the pump pumps out the resulting liquid in the direction of the central riser.

Attention. Even if the object gets into the sewer system through negligence, it will be ground.

Forced sewage systems

If you have a very large distance between the wastewater source and the riser, you need to take care of a forced sewer system. It is a fecal pump equipped with a chopper and a storage tank. As wastewater accumulates, the system automatically turns on the pump and grinders, and the masses are forcibly delivered to the sewer system.

Living in a private house has its advantages, but it also requires additional work. One of them is to ensure normal operation autonomous sewerage... In order for you not to have unpleasant situations, you need regularly pump out the sewage system. Consider what modern equipment exists for such work and how to choose it correctly.

The essence of the sewage pumping process

With an autonomous sewage system, dirty water flows into a cesspool or septic tank. The volume of a pit or septic tank is filled with wastewater over time and must be pumped out. Otherwise, the pit will overflow, which will be accompanied by an unpleasant odor and can cause unusable entire sewerage system.

You can pump out the contents of the septic tank using special equipment, independently or by contacting specialists. There is a wide selection of pumps for pumping out sewage, let's get acquainted with their main characteristics.

Did you know? In the Japanese city of Suva, gold is mined from the dry sludge of sewage waste. Its concentration in waste is 50 times higher than in traditional gold mines. The thing is that a lot of electronics are produced in the city, which contain precious metal.

Pumping equipment

There are two main types of pumps: fecal and drainage.

Suitable for pumping out dirty water from a washing machine or dishwasher. These pumps pump out dirty water with little solids content.

differ in the diameter of the flow channels and can cope with dirty water together with faeces and other solid particles in a large number... Some models are equipped with special grinders that crush solid particles of household waste.

Classification of pumps by installation method

According to the installation method and type of system, there are submersible, surface and semi-submersible pumps.

Submersible

Submersibles work at full immersion in sewage. They are made of a material that can withstand corrosion and aggressive environments, the body is reliably insulated. Each model has its own maximum immersion depth, type of construction (horizontal, vertical). The pump is fixed once at the bottom of the pit with the help of an angle bend and guides.

The work is controlled using a remote control.

The advantages of this design:

• no cooling system needed;
• can work in winter;
• minimal noise during operation;
• works at great depths.

Disadvantages:

• complex installation and configuration;
• increased requirements for electrical safety, anti-corrosion and insulating characteristics of the case.

Surface (external)

Surface systems are located above a sewer well, and intake hoses are lowered under the water. By design, they do not have grinders; they cannot be used to pump out highly polluted waters with large particles.

Benefits:

• ease of installation;
• mobility.

Disadvantages:

• high noise level during operation;
• dependence on weather conditions (the pump does not work at negative temperatures);
• overheats quickly (there is no cooling system);
• poor performance and short uptime.

Semi-submersible

Semi-submersible devices are not completely immersed in drains, the engine is above the water surface. They are fixed on the surface with a float. For such models, shredders are not provided.

Benefits:

• ease of installation;
• mobility;
• high performance.

Disadvantages:

• water entering the engine destroys the pump;
• dependence on weather conditions.

Did you know? In 1516, Leonardo da Vinci invented a flush toilet for King Francis I of France. But the invention was not implemented due to the lack of water supply and sewerage systems.

The main types of fecal pumps

Fecal pumps are capable of pumping dirty, viscous liquid with solid particles up to 5-8 cm in size. They can be used not only for pumping out sewage, water from the basement, but also for circulating water in large tanks, and for irrigating a land plot.

Compact models can be installed in the house, near the toilet, sink or shower. These forced sewerage systems are used if it is impossible to provide the required angle of inclination for the operation of the gravity sewerage system. The units pump wastewater into a pit or septic tank.

Depending on the design, principle of operation and purpose, there is several types of units: with and without shredders, for working with cold and hot drains.

Chopper pumps

Fecal crusher systems are equipped with a special device that crushes solid objects in the waste liquid.

The system body is made of high quality and durable materials. The compact container contains chopper and fecal pump. The system can be installed in the house, close to the toilet, sink, shower stall or sink. The shredder grinds the solid waste into a homogeneous mass, and the pump pumps it in the right direction. The non-return valve does not allow drains to go back, special filters do not allow them to enter the room unpleasant odors... The system is connected to a regular 220 V socket.

Important! The temperature of the drains should not exceed +40° C, otherwise the system will fail.

To work with hot waste water, special systems are used that can work at a wastewater temperature up to +95 ° С. The module for grinding solid waste allows you to connect the unit to a dishwasher and washing machines am, sink, shower, toilet.

Powerful shredder blades handle solids well. The pump pumps waste water into the sewer.

Such a setting costs more, than analogous for working with cold drains.

Chopperless pumps handle cold and hot drains and are used to pump cold and hot liquids without large solids.

For working with cold waste water

The cold waste water plant is very compact and does not require much space. It can be connected to sinks and showers. It has a low price, but the temperature of the effluent should not exceed +40 ° С. It can pump out dirty liquid without large, solid particles in the vertical direction up to 5 m and in the horizontal direction up to 100 m.

For hot waste water applications

Installations for working with hot waste water without a grinder are used to pump out sewage from a bathtub, dishwasher and washing machine, and sink. The system is very compact, a powerful pump perfectly pumps out hot dirty liquids, the permissible temperature is +90 ° C. The pump will help to establish the sewage system, if there is no required slope.

Selection rules

When choosing a pumping unit it is necessary to take into account the main characteristics:

• conditions of use, type of installation, waste temperature;
• productivity, volume of effluents, immersion depth;
• engine cooling;
• body material;
• the diameter of the inlet, the presence of a grinder;
• control method;
• self-cleaning of the chopper impeller.

For frequent or constant use, most suitable submersible models. And for rare use, you can choose a cheaper and less powerful surface type of pumping system.

It is necessary to select performance in accordance with the volume of the septic tank or sewer pit and the degree of filling. Particular attention must be paid to the maximum immersion depth at which the pump operates normally.

It is necessary to find out how the engine is cooled and check the corrosion resistance of the housing material.

Chopper availability, inlet diameter and effluent temperature are one of the main selection criteria the optimal model, it depends on them how dirty the drains are and what temperature can be pumped out.

The most convenient control method is with the remote control. The self-cleaning function of the chopper mechanism is an advantage when choosing a model, but the cost will be higher.

Terms of use

For efficient operation of the pumping system, it is necessary to correctly calculate required power, do not overload the pump, but also do not use dry. Diameter and slope are important sewer pipes, as well as the correct design of the septic tank.

It is necessary to monitor the contents of septic tanks so that large and solid objects, acids do not enter the sewer.

When using surface and float units, it is necessary provide good electrical insulation, to prevent moisture from entering the engine. And also make sure that it does not overheat, and do not use it at negative air temperatures.

Submersible pumps must be properly installed and secured to the bottom of the pit.

Forced sewage systems installed in the house near kitchen sinks, it is necessary periodically cleanse from fat.

Preventive maintenance measures

It is recommended at least once a year to check the serviceability of the cable, the condition of the housing, at what distance from the bottom of the pit the suction device is located in order to prevent capture of large and solid objects, stones.

Preventive cleaning of the system will significantly extend the service life and prevent breakdown.

Self-assembly of the factory unit

The factory unit can be installed on your own, it is only necessary to adhere to the manufacturer's recommendations.

Submersible

The pumping equipment is installed almost at the very bottom of the sewer well. It is necessary to leave a small gap so that solid objects from the bottom of the well are not sucked into the intake hole. For this, there are metal supports on the body, or a design with guides is used, and the pump can also be suspended using a strong cable.

It is better to make the branch pipe from plastic pipes with a diameter of 6-7 cm, which can be disassembled if necessary. Flexible hoses are not recommended due to the potential for clogging. Branch pipe should be well insulated.

It is imperative to install a non-return valve to avoid the return of sewage.

Connect to electrical network must be carried out through the electrical panel, grounding, circuit breakers against short circuits and current leakage are required. To ensure uninterrupted operation in the event of a power outage, you must install a diesel electric generator.

Superficial

When installing a surface pump, it should be borne in mind that each model has its own maximum lifting height. If the system is not constantly used, then you can place the pump on the edge of the sewer pit or on a site nearby. The main thing is to protect the engine from moisture. Surface pumps are poorly waterproofed, and the slightest ingress of sediment can cause a short circuit and damage, and the casing can be damaged by corrosion.

If year-round use is planned, then the pump must be placed in a special room or use a caisson. The installation of the non-return valve and the electrical connection are the same as for the submersible installation.

Semi-submersible

You can install a semi-submersible pump on a special site next to the sewer pit, on a floating cushion, or fix it to one of the pit walls. The immersion depth of the pumping part depends on the length of the working hose; the motor must be above the surface of the liquid. Used by special float, which keeps the engine above water.

Make-up to the mains must be done through an electrical panel with automatic protection, grounding and shutdown.

Important! The diameter of solid particles in wastewater should not exceed 1.5 cm, since the semi-submersible pump does not have a grinding system, and the diameter of the flow channels is small.

The first start of the pump for pumping out the sewage

For the first start-up of the system, it is necessary to fill the sewer well with water to the minimum acceptable level for this model. Then increase the level until the float switch trips and the system starts. At this point, you can adjust the level at which the circuit breaker will shut off the engine.

Modern sewage pumping equipment can significantly improve and make life more comfortable owners of private houses and summer cottages. You must choose the most the best option depending on individual needs. When the right choice model, installation and operation, the equipment will serve for many years, solving an important issue of the sewer system.

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If you have a private house and an individual sewage system, you can either call periodically special services to service a septic tank or AU, or service the devices yourself. Service prices are such that, despite a very unpleasant procedure, people do it themselves. For such work, you need a fecal pump for sewage. This is a special device that can pump very dirty water.

Drainage and fecal matter - what is the difference

There are two types of pumps for pumping out contaminated water: drainage and fecal. How are they different? Drainage systems are designed to drain polluted waters containing small solid inclusions - silt, sand and other substances of approximately this size. To prevent larger particles from entering, meshes are installed. As you understand from the description, drainage pumps are suitable for pumping clarified water from a storage well located after a septic tank, for pumping water from a storage well for drainage and storm sewers.

If you need to pump out sludge from an automatic individual purification plant (type or other), or sediment from the bottom of a septic tank, a drainage device will not cope with this. The environment is too dense. For a septic tank, in principle, there is a way out, stir up the sediment, pump out the suspension, pour water again, shake it up and pump it out again. You can do this, but the septic tank will then go into operation for a very long time, so this method can be used only in extreme cases. It is better to purchase special equipment that will cope with the compressed sediment.

For the purification of cesspools and septic tanks, fecal sewage pumps are used. They can handle highly contaminated liquids, viscous media that may contain solid particles. The particle size depends on the model, but the maximum size is 50 mm. Not always in a cesspool all waste is rotted to such a state. To cope with the situation, a chopper is installed at the bottom of the pump. It is usually placed on centrifugal models - additional cutting blades are installed on the shaft. The drains are already crushed into the working body of the pump.

So if you plan to use a fecal pump to pump out a cesspool, it is desirable that a chopper be present in the model. It grinds larger particles to an acceptable size.

Types of fecal pumps

Sewage pumps operate in an aggressive, chemically active environment. In addition to the fact that their body must be sealed, the materials from which it is made must be chemically neutral and resistant to aggressive environments. There are very few such materials:

• stainless steel;
• some types of plastic;
• cast iron.

Most best material- stainless steel, but the same material is the most expensive. Most a budget option- plastic case. These models are the cheapest. In the middle price category, fecal pumps for pumping out sewage with a cast iron body. Despite the fact that you don't have to use this device often, you shouldn't choose cheap models. Is that for a summer residence, where you come only from time to time.

By the type of installation, pumps for pumping out feces are:

• Submersible. They are installed on the bottom of the tank and usually work in automatic mode. Switching on / off takes place using a float switch. The float rises / falls with the liquid level, when it is at the bottom, the pump is turned off.
• Semi-submersible. These pumps are elongated in length, their suction part is quite far from the motor. The motor remains on the surface, it floats on a special platform, the suction part is thicker.
• Superficial. Only the hose connected to the inlet is lowered into the tank, the device itself is located next to the tank. A surface sewage sewage pump usually has a plastic body and a small capacity. This is basically a summer cottage option.

Now we need to figure out in all this diversity - when and what devices are better to use.

Features of operation and installation

When choosing a fecal pump for sewage, you must first of all be based on the operating conditions of the equipment. If you are looking for equipment for a summer residence, there is no need to spend money on expensive and powerful submersible models. For these purposes, small and mobile surface installations are optimal. They are good because you can take them with you for the winter - they weigh 5-12 kg, depending on the power. If equipment is selected for a private house permanent residence, it makes sense to purchase more expensive equipment that can be permanently mounted.

Submersible fecal pump

This equipment can be installed permanently or mobile. In a stationary installation, a platform is made at the bottom to which the body is attached. Pipes (usually plastic) are connected to the outlet. The option is not bad, but if there is a need for repair or maintenance, it is not clear how to get the installation.

How to install a submersible fecal pump for sewage yourself

The pipe from the pump can be brought up to the surface of the earth, or it can be led into the wall and laid, say, to the storage tank, a pipeline underground. This is an option for those who cannot reach a septic tank / cesspool with a conventional sewage machine. In this case, a call to a special machine with a long hose is necessary. But a couple of these calls are equal to the cost of a mid-range mud pump. Therefore, often in such cases, a storage tank is built / installed in accessible places, into it with the help of fecal pump pump over the residues, and then call a conventional machine.

The second, mobile option is better in this regard. Two rods are mounted along one of the walls of the tank. The diameter is slightly less than the diameter of the holes in the body. A chain is attached to the top of the submersible sewage pump, a corrugated pipe is connected to the outlet pipe. Next, the body is put on the installed rods, and, like on rails, the device is lowered to the bottom. With this method of installation, if necessary, the pump is pulled out by the chain. There is only one minus here - the need to use corrugated pipes. Their structure leads to the fact that the pipes are often clogged, respectively, they need to be changed, since it is very unpleasant to clean them.

Installation options for submersible sewage pumps (drainage and storage wells)

The use of a corrugated hose can be avoided in models with a lower suction connection. In this case, a rigid (plastic) pipe is mounted, its end being brought out so that the pump descending along the guides is mounted on it (in the photo on the right).

And the easiest installation option: just lower the device to the bottom on a chain. When the drains are pumped out to the desired level, the equipment is turned off and removed from the tank, rinsed, dried and carried to a utility room until next use.

Name	Power	Lift height / head	Performance	Notes (edit)	Price
Grundfos SEG 40.12.2.1.502	1200 watts	20.5 m	18 m3 / h	Cable length 10 m, shredder	1025$
Ebara Right 75 M / A	500 watts	8.6 m	14 m3 / h	Allowable solids diameter 35 mm	250$
Speroni SEM 150-VS	1700 Wt	11 m	24 m3 / h	Float switch, chopper	560$
Homa Barracuda GRP 16 B D	900 watts	20 m	18.7 m3 / h	Chopper	1160$
Ebara DW M 150 A	1600 Wt	16 m	42 m3 / h	Permitted solids diameter 50 mm, float switch	620$
Speroni CUTTY 150 / N	1500 watts	17 m	21 m3 / h	Chopper	770$
Irtysh PFS 50 / 125.120	1100 Wt	6 m	16 m3 / h	Float switch
Irtysh PFS 50/125. 98	1100 Wt	4 m	7 m3 / h	Float switch
Irtysh PF2 50 / 140.138	3000 watts	22 m	25 m3 / h	Float switch
Dzhileks Fecalnik 150 / 7N 5302	550 watts	7 m	9 m3 / h		105$
Dzhileks Fecalnik 200/10 F 5301	880 Wt	10 m	12 m3 / h	Permitted solids diameter 35 mm, float switch	70$
Dzhileks Fecalnik 255/11 N 5303	1100 Wt	11 m	15 m3 / h	Permitted solids diameter 35 mm, float switch	125$

Despite the rather complex installation, it is submersible sewage pumps that are most popular. This is due to the fact that they are usually more powerful, and they can also pump media with particles up to 50 mm in size. And it is submersible models that can be with a chopper.

Advantages of submersible pumps:

• They can lift liquid from great depths.
• It can work in automatic mode, using a float to control the liquid level.
• No need to worry about cooling.
• Low noise level.

It is submersible fecal pumps that can develop sufficient power to pump out contents from great depths. In the case of sewerage systems, this may not be so important - the depth of septic tanks is not so great. But, if necessary, you can pump wastewater over a long distance over the surface. The main thing is that there are enough hoses.

Semi-submersible fecal pump models

This type of equipment combines the advantages of surface and submersible pumps. Since the engine is located above the surface of the water, it is not necessary to make it ideal for waterproofing. Also, there is no need to tightly arrange all the parts in the body. All this has a positive effect on the price - it is much lower than for submersible models.

The disadvantage of fecal semi-submersible pumps is the smaller particle size that it can suck in, the shallower depths it can work at. The disadvantage is that a shredder cannot be installed on this type of pump. However, not all disadvantages are significant for domestic use. Too great depths are not needed for private use, and a simpler design makes repairs more affordable, so there are clearly more advantages.

One of the types of semi-submersible devices - vertical

The peculiarity of the installation of semi-submersible pumps - it is necessary to install it so that the motor is above the water. The installation method depends on the model, it is spelled out in the instructions for the product. In general, there are several installation methods:

• A platform is made on the tank wall, equipment is fixed on it. With this method of installation, it is necessary to ensure that the liquid level does not rise above the platform - the upper part of the case is not tight. You can control the level using automation - sensors that give a signal to turn on and off.
• Installation on a floating cushion. This installation method is common for small semi-submersible sewage or drainage pumps for domestic use.
• Very small models, which are also called "barrel" models, can be hung on board.

Despite all the advantages, this model is not used very often. Basically, a fecal pump for sewage is acquired by a submersible or surface type.

Name / manufacturer	Power	Rise / head	Feed / performance	Notes (edit)	Price
FGP 20/10 (L = 1.3 m)	2.2 kW	10 m	20 m3 / hour		400$
NCI-F100	0.5 kW	8 m	100 m3 / hour	Centrifugal with grinder	1525$
FGS50-12.5	4 kW	12.5 m	50 m3 / hour	Maximum particle size 15 mm	760$
FGS30-10	2.2 kW	10 m	30 m3 / hour	Maximum particle size 15 mm	515$

Surface Models

The simplest installation is for surface type sewage pumps. The device itself is placed on the ground, and only the hoses are lowered into the container.

The most serious drawback of such models is the phenomenon of cavitation, which occurs when pumping liquids from great depths. Cavitation is the saturation of the pumped medium with air bubbles. If such a mass gets into the pump working body, it will fail. That is why it is not recommended to use surface fecal pumps at depths greater than those for which they are intended. In the case of pumping out a septic tank or a storage well, the use of such models is justified. Their depth is shallow, and even not the most powerful motor will cope with the task. You just need to choose the right power of the unit.

Name	A type	Power	Rise / head	Performance	Notes (edit)	Price
Caliber NBTs-380	self-priming	380 watts	25 m	28 l / min	No idle protection	30-35$
Whirlwind PN-370	self-priming	370 Wt	30 m	45 l / min	No idle protection	38-42$
Jilex Jumbo 60/35 N	self-priming	600 watts	35 m	60 l / min		104$
Dzhileks Jumbo 70/50 P 3701 with an ejector	self-priming	1100 Wt	50 m		No idle protection, maximum particle size 0.8 mm	115$

Please note that all surface pump models are designed for pumping water. Only a few of them can handle viscous liquids, and this should be indicated in the description or data sheet. The disadvantage of this equipment is that it requires a homogeneous medium - the maximum particle size that they are able to pump is 0.8 m. The price is undoubtedly attractive, but among the submersible models there are very inexpensive ones - for example, Jileks and Ebara (Ebara). The latter also have a stainless steel body and a wide range of models with different pressure and performance.

How to calculate the required lift height

When choosing a fecal pump for sewage, it is necessary to pay attention to two characteristics: its power (performance) and the lifting height. With performance, everything is more or less clear - it depends on the volumes that need to be pumped. The height of the rise will have to be considered, because in addition to the vertical component, with which everything is clear (this is the depth of the well / septic tank, from which the drains must be raised), there is also a horizontal component - these drains must be transferred somewhere, usually to some kind of container. The distance to which it is necessary to transfer the drains in the horizontal plane is divided by 10. The result is added to the height of the rise from the well.

For example, the depth of the well is 4 meters, it is necessary to transfer the drains to 35 meters. Total we get: 4 m + 35 m / 10 = 7.5 m. technical characteristics the pump should have a lift height of at least this figure, and preferably 20-25% more so that the equipment does not work at its limit, which leads to premature wear. Now you know how to calculate a fecal pump for a sewage system.

A rare owner of a private house has the opportunity to connect to the city sewerage system. More often sewer system is created autonomous, and its maintenance is entirely on the shoulders of the owner. In urban conditions, a sewer truck is called to clean the sump, but the longer the distance from the city to the house, the more expensive each call is. In this case, it is more profitable to buy sewage pumps and pump them out with their help.

What pumps are used to pump wastewater?

Depending on the level of contamination of wastewater, two types of pumps are used: drainage and fecal. Sometimes they are confused, but these systems have different functions and there are differences in design.

If you need to pump out water from a flooded basement, pool, sump, where only polluted water from a washing machine or dishwasher gets, then drainage pumps for the sewage system are suitable. They are designed for pumping liquids that do not contain solid particles over 50 mm.

The fecal pump is capable of pumping out not just polluted water, but with feces and other solid particles, up to 80 mm in size, because it has enlarged flow channels. In addition, many models are additionally equipped with a special device that crushes all household waste, whose parameters are larger than the diameter of the inlet. Such a sewage pump with a shredder handles solid waste using an impeller in which a round knife or cutting edge is installed.

The chopping mechanism of the drive shaft is the main difference between the design of the fecal pump and the drainage

Main 4 groups of faecal pumps

There are several types of sewage apparatus. The calculation takes into account the presence or absence of a grinding mechanism, the installation method, the temperature of the pumped out wastewater and the type of construction. Let's consider what their differences are.

• Pump without grinder for pumping cold waste water. This is the cheapest type of apparatus of all groups. Designed to pump liquid from a pool or clean waters, for example, underground, flooding basements during the spring flood. The maximum temperature of the drains should not exceed 40˚.
• Pump without grinder for pumping hot waste water. These devices are capable of pumping out contaminated, but without solid particles, water with a temperature of up to 90˚. Such drains are found in saunas, baths.
• A pump with a grinder for pumping cold domestic waste water. The most popular type of device, because it copes with all the sewage from the toilet. Hair, paper particles, hygiene products (tampons, cotton pads, etc.) that have gotten into the water, feces are easily crushed into small particles by the cutting mechanism and pumped out together with the contaminated water. Designed for a wastewater temperature of no more than 40.
• Pump with grinder for pumping out hot waste water. Its structure resembles the previous type of system, but it is capable of raising sewage up to 90. Perfect option for baths equipped with a toilet. With constant use of such a device, there is practically no clogging of the sewer system.

That, in fact, is all - it's easy, isn't it? But it immediately brings clarity.

System types by installation method

Now let's look at the classification by the installation method.

Option # 1 - external pump

This device is installed at the top of a sewer well, and only intake hoses are lowered into the wastewater.

Dry installation options: external pumps do not have grinders, therefore they are not recommended for pumping faecal water

Option # 2 - submersible pump

This type of equipment works completely submerged in drains. To fix it at the bottom of the cesspool, use guides and a corner outlet. Please note that the maximum immersion length differs from manufacturer to manufacturer. It is also influenced by the type of construction.

For example, horizontal systems can operate at depths of up to one hundred meters, and vertical systems only up to seven meters. Therefore, calculate in advance how deep your sump has in order to choose the best option.

Submersible pumps must be made of high-strength materials that can not corrode in an aggressive environment

Option # 3 - semi-submersible pump

This system is released into the drains by half (the engine is at the top, the pumping part is submerged) and is fixed with a float. Semi-submersible pumps are not recommended for sewage with faeces because they do not have grinders.

The body of the semi-submersible pump is held above the surface of the wastewater by means of a float

Of the three types, submersible equipment is most often used for sewerage needs.

The nuances of selecting a specific model

Having decided on the type of pump, you can go shopping. But be prepared that sellers will offer several similar models from different manufacturers, which may differ in price.

How to choose the best way? To do this, pay attention to the following nuances:

• Apparatus material. Since the pump is designed to operate in an aggressive environment, where decomposition reactions are constantly taking place, the material of the body and other equipment elements must withstand such conditions. Otherwise, corrosion will immediately eat it. The most resistant materials are cast iron, stainless steel and plastic.
• Impeller structure. The level of particle crushing depends on the impeller device. The knives have better performance than the cutting edge. In addition, in some models, the possibility of self-cleaning of the chopping mechanism is provided, which helps the equipment to work without interruption.
• Power. When choosing the pump power, pay attention to its performance. It happens that a less powerful system provides the same level of performance as a stronger device. In this case, you will save on electricity. But on the other hand, the power reserve will allow the device to work "without tension", which means that it will wear out less.
• Features of management. Give preference to those models that are easy to manage, because the "brains" are located in an accessible place.

The next step after the purchase should be the correct installation of the sewage pump. It is desirable that it be produced by specialists, because there are many nuances that affect the quality of the equipment.

It is not always possible to equip a gravity sewer in a private house. Then, to remove fecal waste from the cottage, you have to install sewer pumps, creating a forced pumping system.

The pumping equipment market offers a wide range of units. But, you see, the variety of models can confuse and complicate the choice.

We will help you resolve the issue. The article identifies the main types of sewage pumps, describes their strengths and weaknesses. In order not to be mistaken with the purchase, we propose to adhere to a special algorithm for evaluating the characteristics and decisive factors of choice.

In order to correctly select a pump, it is necessary to understand all its modifications and take into account many factors.

Most often, the sewage system is designed so that the drains in it move by gravity. But not always, or the input to the centralized sewage system is located below the sewer pipeline and all plumbing devices in the house.

Up waste water it cannot rise by itself, you have to “force” it with a pump.

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