How to choose a pump for pumping out sewage. How to choose a pump for sewerage in a private house

04.03.2020 Basics of garden composition

When operating autonomous sewerage systems often there is a need to clean filled septic tanks, wells and cesspools. For this purpose, they often resort to the services of sewage companies that have special equipment for work of this kind. But to significantly reduce costs in this matter, homeowners purchase pumps for pumping out sewer devices at home. I would like to immediately emphasize that the disposal of such human waste should be carried out strictly in accordance with the sanitary standards and requirements established by the current law.

Varieties of pumps for pumping out sewage

In accordance with the level of contamination of wastewater, two types of pumps are used: drainage or fecal... They are often confused, but such devices have radically different functionality and design features. If you need to pump out dirty water in a flooded basement, pool or sump, a drainage pump is suitable. Such a device is designed to pump out a liquid that does not contain large solid inclusions larger than 5 mm.

The fecal pump is capable of pumping out not just polluted water, but with feces and other solid inclusions, the dimensions of which can be 8 cm. Plus, modern models are equipped with special devices for grinding various household waste, the parameters of which exceed the dimensions of the pump inlet diameter. Such a sewer device can easily cope with large solid waste by means of a special impeller equipped with a knife or a rounded cutting edge.

The main types of fecal pumps for sewage

Today there is several types of sewer units for pumping out effluents. They differ in the presence or absence of a waste crushing mechanism, installation method, temperature of pumped out wastewater and other design features, which will be discussed in more detail:

Having understood a little with the main features different models pumps for pumping out sewage at home, it will be much easier for the homeowner to make the right choice.

Varieties of pumps by placement method

All devices designed for pumping sewage can classified by placement method into the following types:

Features of choosing a suitable model

Having dealt with suitable type devices can be sent to the building supermarket. But you need to be prepared that there may be many models on the shelves with the same parameters, but from different manufacturers, which can directly affect the cost of the pump. So to choose the best option price and quality, you need pay attention to the following features:

But apart from the right choice and buying a high-quality and convenient pump for pumping out the sewage system, you need understand the installation features unit. It is preferable to entrust all the work to experienced professionals, since the installation process is due to many nuances that the homeowner may not even know about.

Which manufacturer should you give preference to?

In order for the consumer not to get confused in the range of sewage pumping pumps at home, you need to know the popular manufacturers of such products. And I want to start with a device equipped with vortex wheels made of polymer or cast iron materials. The modern market can offer many models of such devices, but the most popular are products of the Vortex trademark.

Their main purpose is to pump waste water from human waste, which have solid inclusions. dimensions no more than 50 mm... They will perfectly cope with pumping liquids in which there is silt or fine sludge, as well as abrasive impurities.

Among the units equipped with a two-channel working drive made of stainless steel, the most popular are pumps produced by the Pedrollo brand. They are used to pump out septic tanks, cesspools or collectors. In addition, they are often installed in automated systems, intended for the removal of sewage or drainage drains.

Operation of pumps for pumping out sewerage?

Any thing requires a careful attitude towards itself - this also applies fecal pump, which also requires maintenance and regular maintenance during operation. Modern models equipped with automation, but this does not completely exclude human intervention. It is necessary to carry out inspection and preventive measures with a certain regularity.

To prevent the occurrence of an unforeseen emergency, it is advisable to carry out regular inspections of the sewer pump at home. At the same time, submersible models of pumps are considered the most difficult to maintain, in the event of a breakdown of which, complex work will have to be done to replace them. At the same time, repairs, especially independent ones, will not give a long-term result.

Any interference with the integrity of the fecal pump design in most cases leads to even greater problems, especially if you do not have the necessary skills. The only malfunction that you can fix yourself is leakage of joints pump with a sewer system.

Sewerage in any house or apartment is one of the most necessary communication systems for comfortable stay tenants. In this case, it is advisable to equip it with a pump for pumping out wastewater. A fecal pump in an apartment or a private house building built into the waste disposal system of a person is an opportunity observe all the rules of hygiene and does not worry about clogged pipes at the most inopportune moment.

Autonomous sewerage when living outside the city in a private house is a definite plus. However, maintenance is not complete without problems and hassle. The most serious of them is the periodic pumping out of a silted cesspool or septic tank. And, since the challenge of an organization that performs sewer cleaning is usually not cheap, many homeowners are seriously thinking about purchasing their own household pump for pumping out sewers at home in order to solve this issue as efficiently and economically as possible.

Sewer pumps are used in the following situations:

Removal of effluents and sludge from an operated septic tank.
Diversion dirty waters resulting from flooding or flooding.
Organization of forced pumping out of sewage.
Removal of thick deposits in autonomous sewer systems.
Cleaning of cesspools and toilets.

Due to their practicality, they are in great demand among the owners of country and private houses, as well as buildings located at a distance from the centralized sewage system. In addition, such a unit can be used as a pump for sewage in an apartment, in situations where it is not possible to drain wastewater by gravity.

Differences from drainage pumps

Waste water with contamination can be pumped out using two types of pumps: sewer (fecal) and. Despite many similar characteristics, they have a number of significant differences, including:

In the photo, submersible pumps for pumping out sewage with a grinder

On our site there is a separate article about and features of its choice. In the material you will also find information about reliable manufacturers.

Varieties, characteristics

Sewer pumps are divided into several types. These include:

Pumps without grinders, for water with temperatures up to 40C⁰... They are affordable and differ from drainage type pumps only in the wider flow channels. Suitable for pumping groundwater containing not a large number of lumpy particles that flood basements during spring floods.
Pumps without grinders, for pumping water with temperatures up to + 90C⁰... They are often used to pump out waste water from baths or laundries.
With shredders, for pumping cold effluents... The most common ones are used for cleaning cesspools and toilets.
Grinder pumps that pump out hot water... They are rarely used in the private sector. Designed for large bath complexes equipped with toilets.

According to the method of operation, they are divided into the following groups:

Submersible.

Function when full immersion into the drains being pumped out. To fix them at the bottom of the pit, guides and a corner outlet are installed.

Diagram of the Calpeda submersible sewage pump

Useful information: When purchasing a submersible pump for pumping out sewage, please note that models from different manufacturers have different maximum immersion depths.

That is, if pumps of the horizontal type (with the upper location of the branch pipe) can be used to operate at a depth of up to 100 m, then the vertical pumps (the branch pipe is located on the side) can only submerge up to 7 m.

Semi-submersible.

They are lowered into the sewage water by half: the pumping part is submerged, and the engine remains on the surface. To hold the pump casing on the surface of the drains, special devices are used - floats. Not suitable for pumping sewage with faecal contamination due to the lack of a grinding device.

Superficial.

In contrast to the previous versions, domestic pumps for pumping out the sewage system are installed in the upper part of the sewer wells, and their intake hoses are lowered into the wastewater. This installation method is called "dry".

Please note: Due to the absence of grinders in the design of pumps of this type, they are not suitable for pumping waste water with fecal matter.

Materials used in the construction of pumps

Since the main area of application of sewage pumps is media with a rather aggressive nature, increased requirements are imposed on the quality of the materials from which they are made. This is especially true for submersible pumps, all components of which are manufactured made of materials with increased resistance to destruction and corrosion.

These include:

toilet pumps

Cast iron... It has a shorter service life, but also has good wear resistance and high quality. Disadvantage: heavy weight, complicating the process of installing the device.
Plastic... It is an excellent example of value for money. It is durable, lightweight, has a more aesthetic and attractive appearance. Disadvantage: not suitable for use inside cesspools and septic tanks. It is better to use such a pump for pumping out the sewage system in an apartment, placing it near the toilet, where it will look quite organic and will not get out of the general environment of the toilet room. More about.

Criterias of choice

Choosing a device for pumping out the sewerage of a house, apartment or suburban area, you should pay attention to several main points that have a direct impact on the efficiency and quality of this device.

These include:

Future operating conditions and pump performance.

For pumping water with a large amount of contamination and cleaning the domestic sewage system, it is necessary to choose pumps of the appropriate type, with an outlet diameter of at least 80 mm. Optimal performance for household pump for sewerage in a private house - from 5 to 25 m 3 of pumped liquid per hour, depending on the volume of the cesspool where it will be installed.

Body material and accessories.

Depending on the operating conditions of the pump, the financial capabilities of the consumer and the nature of the operation, it can be stainless steel, cast iron or plastic.

Location of branch pipes.

It can be vertical or horizontal, which affects the immersion depth of the pump.

Please note: For a horizontal type branch pipe, you must use a special adapter, which is installed during the installation of the device.

Maximum head.

According to technical standards, the maximum pressure of a sewage pump is 10 m. That is, when pumping, pumps of this type are capable of lifting liquid 10 m vertically or moving it 100 m in a horizontal direction. However, in actual conditions, these figures are slightly lower, depending on the vertical and horizontal sections of the pipeline.

Engine cooling.

Cooling of a sewer-type pump motor can be carried out in the following ways:

- by means of the liquid pumped over by it;

- with oil.

Please note that oil-cooled units are more durable and reliable, as they heat up more slowly. However, the cost of such devices is quite high. That is, with infrequent use, the cost of purchasing them may not pay off.

In certain situations, you may need to. When this can happen and what kind of equipment it is, we told on our website.

About pumps for fountains and waterfalls. What they are and what is important to pay attention to when choosing them.

Popular models

A fairly large number of companies specializing in the production of specialized sanitary equipment are currently engaged in the production of sewage pumps. The most famous and demanded in the consumer market are pumps of the following brands:

Brand	Series	Specifications
Calpeda	GMV	Swirling principle for stubborn dirt with long particles up to 100 mm in diameter.
	GMN	With multi-channel impeller and high head.
	GMG	With a grinder, for liquids, with textile, paper and other inclusions.
Grundfos	SEG	With high efficiency, they are compact and lightweight.
	SE	Wide working range and good functionality.
	S	Equipped with an impeller clearance adjustment system and an electric motor protection.
	SOLOLIFT	There is a charcoal filter to prevent unpleasant odors.
	MULTILIFT	Multifunctional systems with high performance.
Pedrollo	ZX	They have an automatic shutdown system.
	VX	For continuous use in intensive use.
	MC	They have a double-channel impeller made of stainless steel.
	VXC	For pumping industrial effluents and highly contaminated liquids.
	PVXC	With open impeller without float device.
	PMC	Single-channel high pressure pumps.

In addition, when purchasing a pump for pumping out sewage at home, you can pay attention to less expensive domestic models: "Irtysh" and "Dzhileks Drenazhnik / Fecalnik".

Sewage pumping pump price

Here are some data on what the approximate price of a household sewage pump may be.

For example, a Grundfos SEG series pump with a grinder will cost from 47,000 rubles.

The price of Pedrollo ZX pumping units starts from 15,000 rubles.

And Dzhileks Drenazhnik 200/10 will cost only 4150 rubles.

Before choosing a drainage pump for sewage, you should understand the design features of this category of pumping units. Not in all cases their use in this direction is permissible. Even if the use of a drainage model is justified, the efficiency of the sewer system largely depends on how correctly you choose and install the equipment.

Drainage and fecal pumps: similarities and differences

For those who choose sewage equipment, it is important to understand that the drainage pump differs from the fecal pump in its technical characteristics, despite the fact that both types of transfer pumps are designed to transport contaminated liquids. The main difference is maximum permissible size of insoluble inclusions.

Usually, the following parameters are called when classifying:

drainage sewer pump is capable of pumping wastewater with solids up to 3-5 cm,
able to handle hard and long-fiber particles up to 8 cm.

It is important to remember that the limit values differ for different pump models and are indicated in technical characteristics each unit.

Another important note for those who decided to buy a drainage pump for a sewer system - faecal models are usually equipped with a chopper... This device, which is an impeller, cuts insoluble inclusions with blades, preparing wastewater for trouble-free transportation. In addition, the impeller crushes fibrous inclusions that can hinder the operation of the pumping unit, for example, toilet paper. Drainage models of pumps do not have such an addition.

Benefits of drainage pumps

A natural question arises: if fecal pumps are so good at pumping contaminated wastewater, why bother talking about whether a drainage pump can replace it for pumping out sewage in a private house?

The fact is that drainage pumps have a number of advantages.

They are cheaper than faecal models.
The overall dimensions of the drainage products are smaller.
There are more drainage pumps on the market than fecal pumps, which allows you to accurately select the option with the required technical characteristics.

Scope of application

Based on the functionality, it can be understood that the drainage pump is not suitable for transporting wastewater directly after the toilet. Feces and toilet paper can lead to jamming of the mechanism, serious damage and costly repairs. In septic tanks, as a result of vital activity, large inclusions turn into silt and water, that is, they change not only their composition, but also their size and consistency. A drainage pump can be used to pump these treated effluents.

Views

In order to understand how to choose drainage pumps, you need to understand the variety of models using classification.

Note: Surface and semi-submersible pumps can be installed permanently (connected to the system using pipelines) or mobile (connected through flexible hoses).

Submersible pumps are not just below the surface of the liquid in the tank, but also located at a depth (as a rule, the installation instructions for each model indicate the required distance from the bottom of the unit to the bottom of the tank). Such pumps are installed permanently, lowered into the tank on cables and mounted on metal guides. One of the advantages of the submersible model is the low (compared to surface technology) noise level.

Depending on the type of power supply, drainage pumps are distinguished:

single-phase in the ability to lift liquid from a depth of up to 24 meters and a capacity, depending on the model, up to 800 l / min.
three-phase with limit values of 150 meters and 6500 l / min, respectively.

Materials for making

The qualities and characteristics of drainage pumps depend on the material from which this or that model is made.

The most reliable and durable are metal pumps, where both the working part and the body are made of metal (stainless steel or cast iron).
The cheapest products are plastic, however, given the rather difficult operating conditions, their trouble-free service life is much shorter than that of metal models.
Combined pumps, the metal working part of which is placed in a plastic case, can be considered a compromise option.

Operating principle

The principle of operation of the drainage pump is based on the creation of a low pressure area in the chamber. Sparseness is formed when the impeller rotates, as a result, water enters the chamber, where the centrifugal force accelerates it and the direction of movement. As the liquid flows out into the outlet, a low pressure region forms again in the pump chamber.

Drainage pump automation

It is simply impossible to operate the pump manually. Monitoring the water level and the condition of the equipment, turning on and off the unit would require constant participation and presence of the user. Therefore, the pumping equipment is supplied with devices that monitor and control the parameters of the work. Household drainage pumps for pumping out sewage are usually equipped with a "living wage" - the most necessary options for efficient operation.

Floats- a simple, inexpensive and reliable method for determining the level of a liquid in a tank. Sensors installed on the floats turn on the unit when the tank is full and turn off when the level has dropped sufficiently.
Thermal relay works in cases when the temperature of the equipment rises. This eliminates the possibility of overheating and equipment failure.

Industrial models of drainage pumps can be equipped with more complex and accurate control devices, which are expensive, and their use in a domestic environment is not economically feasible.

The starting point when choosing a drainage pump is a set of operating conditions. The purchased unit must comply with them without fail, otherwise the operation of the sewer system will be ineffective.

Of great importance are:

the composition of the liquid, the amount, type of impurities and the size of their particles,
temperature of effluents,
the presence of aggressive substances in the pumping liquid (for example, if the decomposition of impurities in a septic tank or cesspool is carried out not by a biological, but by a chemical method),
the amount of incoming wastewater (based on this parameter, the required pump capacity is determined),
tank depth,
the intended place of installation of the pump,
the distance over which you want to transport the liquid,
operating mode (constant, seasonal, periodic).

For clarity, you can give an example of calculating the parameters.

Each meter of the horizontal distance by which it is necessary to move the drains corresponds to 0.1 m of the head.

Thus, when collecting wastewater from a depth of 2 m and transporting it to a distance of 10 m, the pump head must be at least 2 + 10x0.1 = 3 m.

Pay attention to the equipment configuration - it must include a float sensor and a thermal relay. It is optimal to have a second spare float, which will be triggered in the event of a breakdown of the first.

Popular manufacturers

Experts insist: only the equipment of well-known and proven brands will ensure the trouble-free operation of the sewage system and will be more economical due to its durability and reliability.

Any drainage pump for sewage Grundfos it is distinguished by its versatility and low noise level. Grundfos units are compact, reliable and easy to use.
Most likely, not all Russian users will consider it a significant advantage stylish design drainage pumps Gillex(Drainer series). However, few people will remain indifferent to the performance of the units of this brand (low noise level, durability, ability to work in difficult conditions, compactness, reasonable price). Another advantage of the brand's products is the adaptability of the models to work in Russian conditions.
Submersible drainage pumps Nocchi are equipped with float sensors and have a wide range of applications. The advantage of the brand's pumps is the presence of a self-cleaning system, which simplifies the maintenance of the equipment and increases the period of its trouble-free operation.

Below is the average price of pumps for drainage and sewerage of several models.

Name	View	Head, m	Power, W	Productivity, cubic meters m / h	Particle diameter, mm	Price, rub
Calpeda AM 40-110B	Surface	13	550	3,6	10	27300
Nocchi Drenox 160/8 AUTO	Submersible	7	550	7,2	6	13900
Grundfos Unilift KP 150-A1	Submersible	5	300	4,3	10	14800
Dzhileks Drenazhnik 150/6 F	Submersible	6	400	9	35	3100

A cesspool is the simplest sewer storage tank that requires periodic emptying. In order to free the container from sediment, a sewer is usually called.

However, a fecal pump for a cesspool will help to cope with this task, which helps to empty the reservoir on its own. Let's admit: not all of us know which unit should be chosen for this procedure.

We have reliable information that provides answers to a wide range of questions arising from the owners of autonomous sewage systems. The use of the information provided by us will greatly facilitate and speed up the selection of a technical device.

The article, offered to the attention of site visitors, describes in detail the design features and the principle of operation of fecal pumps. The differences between the units are indicated, depending on the upcoming operating conditions. To help the buyer, a rating of popular models, photo and video reviews are given.

The main purpose of the equipment is to pump out a viscous and dirty liquid with a high concentration of fibrous and solid impurities. The mechanisms easily cope with the processing of liquids, the linear size of the inclusions of which can reach 50 mm.

Fecal pumping equipment is designed for pumping and transporting liquids with an impressive amount of organic impurities. To prevent the pump from clogging, the units are equipped with a grinder

Mud pumps are irreplaceable:

at and sewer wells from silt deposits;
when transporting wastewater with the possibility of its removal at distances regulated by sanitary standards;
when draining storm ditches and basements of houses.

The need for such equipment may arise during the arrangement. They are installed when it is necessary to compensate for the small angle of inclination of the pipeline in order to prevent clogging of the system.

The main structural elements unit are:

engine- a device that converts the energy generated by the sources into mechanical work, which sets the pump in motion;
water pump- a moving part that pumps liquid into a special tank;
input channel- ensures that liquid enters the pump;
outlet valve- diverts wastewater to a waste tank.
chopper- a rotating element designed for grinding large inclusions.

A characteristic difference between fecal devices and other types of pumps is the increased reliability and the larger diameter of the channels.

The pump is responsible for creating forced circulation of fluid in the system; its malfunction can provoke a serious imbalance in the internal thermal regime of the unit

The chopper is an essential functional element of most models. It consists of rotating knives installed at the inlet of the unit. Grinding branches, debris and even small stones in small fractions, rotating elements prevent clogging and damage to the unit.

For ease of use, some manufacturers equip submersible models with ropes or skid lifts. They simplify the removal of the unit to the surface after completion of work, for preventive maintenance or in the event of a breakdown.

The fecal pump is suitable for draining the excavation and trenches formed for the device of utilities

The pumping out of the cesspool with a submersible pump is carried out in the following order:

Image gallery

Popular fecal pump models:

Competently approaching the choice of a sewage pump, you can, with a minimum of effort, eliminate pollution from the cesspool. Without saving on the purchase of a high-quality unit, you can be sure that it will serve you regularly for more than one year.

Looking for an efficient fecal pump? Or is there any experience of using such installations? Please leave comments on the article and share your impressions of the operation of the pumping units.

In order for the individual sewerage system to work properly and efficiently, it is necessary not only to correctly locate all storage tanks, but also to ensure high-quality drainage of waste water both from its supply points and from the septic tank. And for this you need a special pump for a septic tank.

The device is a submersible unit designed to pump out contaminated water with impurities in the form of feces and toilet paper. We tell about the types of cesspool pumps, the selection criteria and their do-it-yourself installation at home on a pit or septic tank in our material.

A septic tank pump is an electric cesspool pump that is capable of pumping liquid with the inclusion of feces from a pit or directly from a toilet bowl. For pumping out the latter, a special powerful grinder is built into the mechanism of the device. It processes large particles of feces, helping them to move in a crushed form along the sewer. In addition to this function, a septic tank pump is also used to reduce the level of contaminated water in sewer wells, cesspools, as well as to pump water from flooded premises.

Important: pumps for a septic tank are of three types, which allows you to choose the most convenient model of equipment, depending on the operating conditions.

Types of units

The pump for septic tanks is distinguished not only by model, but also by the method of installation, as well as by design features for pumping water. So, all fecal pumps can be divided into three types:

Submersible equipment;
Semi-submersible devices;
Surface drainage pumps .;
Drainage fecal devices.

A submersible pump is the most complex mechanism, since it takes on not only the quantity faecal waters, but also their aggressive effect both from the outside and from the inside. That is why the device is made of durable cast iron or alloy steel. These metals are maximally protected from the negative effects of moisture and are not subject to corrosion. Moreover, all the working elements of the sump mechanism are also made of the listed metals. The submersible pump is the most powerful equipment that works directly in aggressive environments. The operating indicators of such a device are 40 kW / h and up to 400 m3 of fecal waste during the same time (but depending on the model).

Installation submersible pump into a cesspool is quite simple. It is necessary to fix the equipment below the level of the sewer drainage mirror (that is, completely immerse it in a septic tank or sewer. The pump must be fixed on a strong steel cable. And additional fixation is provided by guides mounted to one of the walls of the cesspool / well. Hose attached to the branch pipe pump, lowered to the very bottom of the septic tank.

Important: this model of a fecal pump is equipped with a convenient float switch, which prevents the engine from burning out as a result of overheating.

Semi-submersible equipment

This model of a pump for septic tanks differs from a submersible one in that it is not completely lowered into the cesspool, but only its working part. The engine itself remains on the surface. The power of such a device is somewhat different from submersible equipment. Therefore, the semi-submersible pump for septic tanks is designed for small sewage wells with a small volume of waste.

In addition, semi-submersible devices for the most part do not have cutting elements in their design, which means that the pump is capable of pumping water only with small fractions (up to 15 mm in size).

Important: the installation of such fecal units is recommended only in those places where the drains are water and feces.

Surface pumps

This type of pumping equipment is designed for surface installation. Such a pump for septic tanks is the least powerful and impractical. Since it processes extremely small amounts of impurities in water (up to 5 mm). In addition, such a pump for septic tanks has a reduced waterproofing of all parts of the mechanism, and therefore requires additional protection from moisture.

Important: this type of equipment can be installed in caissons.

The most important advantage surface pump for septic tanks is its low weight and mobility.

Drainage pump

There are also drainage pumps for septic tanks and flooded premises. In this case, the device can only pump slightly contaminated water. And to protect it from failure, the mechanism is equipped with a special mesh that prevents debris from entering the internal parts of the unit.