Currently, there are still few lucky people whose private houses are connected to the central sewer system. So you have to equip the sewer system on your own. To clean a septic tank or drain pit, sooner or later, you have to order sewage services. Therefore, it will not be superfluous to purchase a pump for pumping out the sewage system, it will help to establish life at the proper level.

What is needed to pump out sewage?

A special pump is needed to pump out sewage. The level of water pollution is the main indicator that affects the choice of a particular type of equipment. Sometimes a drain pump is sufficient. But in most cases, fecal matter is indispensable. These 2 types of pumps have structural differences, due to which the equipment can operate in fundamentally different conditions.

Drainage pumps

If the operating conditions of the drainage pumps are not suitable, you need to buy a faecal one. Due to the presence of fairly wide flow channels, it can pump water with inclusions up to 8 cm. So the fecal pump is able to cope with even the dirtiest water. If you have, then this pump can easily pump out waste from a sump.

If the model has a chopping mechanism, it will easily cope with any waste, even if they contain inclusions larger than 8 cm. In the photo you can see a special detail of such equipment - this is a cutting chopper. Before purchasing such a model, you need to ask what are the conditions for using the shredder, what is optimum temperature his work and other parameters.

Features of the structure of pumps for pumping

Each pump for pumping out sewage at home has the following components:

• inlet;
• water outlet;
• engine;
• chopper (not all models have).

Most often, an impeller is used as a grinder, the edge of which has cutting properties.

Such a detail is needed to crush all those caught in sewerage inclusions.

Video of the faecal pump

Pump performance is directly related to the diameter of the holes through which water enters and exits the equipment. The presence of wide ducts allows pumping drains with foreign elements up to 10 mm in diameter.

Varieties of fecal pumps

There are several types fecal pumps.

1. Cold water pumps. They do not have a shredder, so they can be used to maintain swimming pools, to drain flooded basements. The maximum water temperature is 40 ° C.
2. Hot waste water pumps. They do not have a grinder, so they can pump hot water free of solid inclusions. Usually they are installed in baths or for pumping water from a kitchen, which is equipped at a great distance from the main sewerage system.
3. Toilet drain pump. He works with cold water containing large particles of debris, feces, hair, hygiene items. Since the equipment is equipped with a grinder, the sewer pipes may be of small diameter. After all, the crushed waste of human life can move through small pipes.
4. Chopper pump capable of handling hot drains. Such a device is indispensable in baths with a toilet.

Separation by installation method

There is a different classification of fecal pumps. It is based on differences in the way pumping equipment is installed.

Outer.

It is mounted outside the sewer system; submersible hoses are used to communicate with the septic tank. This device does not have a grinder, therefore it is not used for pumping contaminated water.

This type must be placed in the drainage system. When such equipment is lowered in, it is secured using guides, an angled bend to ensure proper fixation. It is lowered into the container once. To control the operation of such a pump, a remote control is used. Before buying, you need to navigate the dive to what depth you need, because different options allow you to vary this indicator. Among the advantages of submersible pumps are reliability and durability. Only high quality materials are used for their production.

Semi-submersible.

This variety requires partial immersion in a sewer pit. The pumping part goes under the water, and the engine continues to remain on top. The float helps to secure the submerged and surfaced parts. There is no shredder in such equipment. So its scope is limited.

How to choose the most suitable model?

If you have decided on the type of pump, it remains to decide which model of which manufacturer to prefer. Indeed, there are many similar options on the market. At first glance, the difference is difficult to tell. Only the difference in price pays attention. Therefore, you can refer to the video and see what to look for when buying.

Drainage pump selection video

1. The material from which the equipment is made is very important. The most reliable varieties are cast iron, stainless steel, plastic. The material is the key to long-term operation in an aggressive liquid.
2. Impeller design. Design features have an impact on the quality of grinding. The self-cleaning shredder is a convenient solution.
3. Pay attention to performance. In this situation, power is not so important. Some models with low capacity pump large volumes of waste water. It should be borne in mind that devices with high performance wear out in a shorter time.
4. The way of control is important. The accessibility of the control panel is a very significant factor.

Which manufacturers can you trust?

The best pumps for pumping out sewage are produced abroad. They are more expensive, but among their advantages are small size, ease of use. Such installations are often taken to equip sewage systems.

Manufacturers from Russia, in particular Vzlyot from Omsk, are reaching a decent level.

Today they present on the market high-quality pumping equipment, endowed with certain advantages over Western counterparts:

• profitable price;
• use of spare parts from manufacturers by service centers;
• individual orders for the expansion of automatic functions are carried out;
• the presence of a cooling jacket prevents overheating.

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It often happens that it is simply impossible to connect to the central sewerage system. In such a situation, homeowners resort to developing their own sewerage system - they dig cesspools, where waste from the kitchen and bathroom will be sent through the pipeline. But sooner or later the pit fills up completely and it becomes necessary to pump it out.

A pump for pumping out sewage at home is a device on which the sanitary condition of the territory adjacent to a private house depends.

Why is it needed?

Thanks to the pumping equipment, in particular the pump for the following tasks are solved:

• sewage treatment and sludge removal;
• pumping contaminated water;
• pumping out fecal waters;
• cleaning sewer systems from thick sediments;
• elimination of the contents of cesspools and drain pits, toilet.

How are sewage pumping pumps arranged?

The device consists of the following parts:

1. Entrance hole.

2. Exit hole.

3. Cutting mechanism. Designed to crush all particles and foreign objects that have entered the wastewater. Typically this is a cutting edge impeller.

4. Engine.

The larger the diameter of the inlet and outlet, the higher the pump performance. Wide flow channels allow pumping contaminated liquid with foreign particles, the size of which is 1-10 mm.

Pump for pumping out sewage: types and features

Depending on the intended use, all pumps are divided:

• for drainage;
• fecal (sewer).

The first is intended exclusively for the elimination of polluted waters. If we are talking about pumping out the sewage system, optimal choice there will be a fecal pump application.

A pump for pumping out sewage at home, in turn, happens:

• with a chopper;
• without chopper.

A unit with a grinder can pump out cold water (no more than 40 degrees), while a pump without a grinder is suitable only for pumping hot Wastewater, the temperature of which can reach 90 degrees Celsius. Equipment equipped with a shredder is in great demand.

According to the method of placement, the pump is:

• Outer. The installation of such equipment is carried out directly at the top. Liquid intake is carried out by immersing special hoses into the water environment. The grinder is not equipped.

• Submersible. The opposite of the previous type of equipment. It functions after placing the pump in waste water. The design features of this type of pump allow it to be installed at the bottom of a sump. The body of the device is made of high quality materials that do not lend themselves to the harmful effects of corrosion. Several designs are possible depending on the immersion depth.
• Semi-submersible. It can be conditionally divided into two parts: the pumping part and the part where the engine is located. The first is completely submerged in the water, and the motor is on the surface. The grinder is not equipped.

Sewerage pump and rules for its pumping

The sewer pump must be equipped with a cutting grinder. This is necessary so that this equipment does not fail and work effectively when pumping contaminated water that contains large waste and other contaminants (exceptions: stone, metal, etc.).

With a shredder, it is ideal for pumping out clogged waste water. It has a large inlet and outlet diameter, which provides a high level of equipment performance. This makes it possible to use a sewage pump both in domestic and industrial conditions. You can pump out the filled pit with your own hands by following a series of actions:

Features of the choice of a domestic pump from a technical point of view

• Body material. The pump works in an aggressive environment, but its influence should not be too much for him. Plastic, cast iron and steel are considered corrosion-resistant.
• Power indicator. The performance of the pumping equipment as a whole depends on this indicator. However, when choosing a pump for pumping out the sewage system at home, first of all, one should be guided by the indicators of the volume of the drain pit (septic tank).
• Maximum Refers to the quality characteristics of the unit. A parameter that determines to what height the pump is able to lift the liquid. In most cases, in practice, it is slightly lower than in the manufacturer's description.
• Cooling type. There are two ways: cooling the engine with the pumped liquid and oil. The second option is considered more acceptable because the cooling efficiency is higher. But it is worth noting that the price indicators of such pumps are higher, and it will pay off only if the household pump for pumping out the sewage system is in frequent use.

What other conditions need to be taken into account when choosing a pump?

1. The depth of the septic tank and the distance from the place where wastewater is pumped out to the installed tank for removal. Based on these criteria, the required lifting capacity of the pump (pump head) is calculated. Lift height = (pit depth + horizontal distance to the place of pumping the aqueous medium) / 10.
2. The volume of the drain pit will help determine the choice of the engine power of the device. Before choosing a pump for pumping out the sewage system, you must know the parameters of your cesspool, since this indicator is considered one of the fundamental.
3. The diameter of the inlet and outlet hoses, which act as the main link in the chain "septic tank - pump - tank for removal". The so-called linking element.
4. Approximate density of the sewer mass. It will help you choose equipment with the appropriate equipment: with or without a grinder.

Is it worth saving on the manufacturer?

Of course, when purchasing a pump for pumping out sewage at home, it is better to give preference to equipment of well-known brands, which have long held leading positions in the building materials market and have earned authority among consumers. Such pumps cost a little more, but there is no need to doubt the quality characteristics of the unit, its practicality and reliability.

Other ways to pump out sewers at home

There are several ways to pump out the sewage system in a private house or in the country: resort to the services of a sewage machine, equip a cesspool with a pump, or use chemicals.

The first option is quite costly, since specialized transport can pump out a certain amount of liquid. So, if your cesspool holds, for example, 10 cubic meters of water, and the volume of the tank with which the special equipment is equipped is 5 cubic meters, then you will have to contact the company that provides the type of services in question and, accordingly, pay twice. This is economically disadvantageous.

The second way is more economical. However, before starting to organize the pumping process by using pumping equipment, you need to decide where the wastewater will go after pumping.

In a house located far from the central sewerage system, the only way out will be an autonomous sewerage system. Which submersible, fecal pump is suitable for pumping out the sewage system: pressure, vacuum, pumping or toilet with a grinder, we will try to figure it out within the framework of this article?

If it is not possible to drain waste liquids by gravity into or into a central sewerage system, the best solution for forced sewerage will become fecal submersible pump... This device is designed specifically for pumping out and subsequent transportation of dirty water that gets into or into a cesspool as a result of human activity. It is designed for household needs such as drainage from bathrooms, washing machines and dishwashers, etc.

Sewage pump

Unlike drainage, it allows you to pump out not only wastewater, but also solid deposits accumulated in cesspools. Pumping equipment of this type will provide high-quality work, has a long service life, and, most importantly, does not require special maintenance.

Submersible fecal pump: working principle

When designing an effective sewage system for private estates, it is important not only to make calculations for the optimal location of either a well or a pit, but also to choose a fecal pump correctly. To date, a submersible unit is considered the best for forced sewage.

Submersible fecal pump device

Unlike surface and semi-submersible, the design of submersible wastewater pumping equipment involves installation below the water level - at the bottom of a storage tank, septic tank or. The principle of operation of this equipment is practically the same as that of drainage equipment, but it is based on the operation of a different design, since it is designed for pumping wastewater with solid inclusions of large diameter.

Since a submersible pump for pumping out sewage is constantly in contact with an aggressive medium, its main working parts and body are usually cast iron or made of stainless steel. The device operates in full autonomous mode due to the presence of automation, as well as a float switch.

Main selection criteria

When choosing a fecal pump, you should consider:

• planned volume of pumped liquid;
• the depth of the future immersion;
• distance from water intake to destination;
• force of pressure;
• the diameter of the main passage of the pipe through which the sewage will be transported to the septic tank;
• type of motor cooling;
• location of branch pipes.

Choose the pump of the right power

When choosing a suitable model, first of all, you should pay attention to the performance of the device. The higher this indicator, respectively, the higher the speed of the device will be. Average value for the diameter of the main passage sewer pipe- up to 0.8 cm. The larger the diameter, the higher the proportion of impurities present in the dirty liquid, which the pump can eventually pump.

You should also take into account the pressure maximum of the device. Conventionally, the average value is considered to be 10 m - this value is sufficient to raise the liquid to a height of 10 m and then transfer it to 120 m in the horizontal direction.

For uninterrupted operation, the device must have a suitable power: the more people will live in the house, the higher the power of the pumping equipment for pumping waste water must be. As a rule, it reaches about 25 cubic meters. m / h, maximum submersible power pumping station- up to 40 kW, which allows pumping and pushing liquid to a height of 15–20 m (about 400 cubic meters per hour).

As for the type of cooling of the drive motor, it must cope well with heavy loads so that the pumping unit works without overheating.

The device of the cutting elements of the fecal pump

The last but not the least important aspect of the choice is the type of location of the nozzles, which will directly determine the future installation method. Usually, the installation boils down to the fact that a special branch pipe is placed at the bottom of the tank, and guides on the walls in order to lower or, if necessary, raise the equipment along a cable or chain.

The process of lowering to the bottom of the pit is quite simple: the pump for pumping out the sewage system onto the branch pipe is easily mounted under its own weight. The vertical type branch pipe is more convenient than the horizontal one, since it is easier to screw the pipe into it from above, while the latter will require an additional adapter.

Formula for calculating the immersion depth

It is easy to determine the height to which the pumped waste water should be raised using the formula G + D / 10, where:
G - immersion depth, m;
D is the length of the hose from the cesspool or septic tank to the place of effluent elimination, m;
10 - dividing the value by 10, since 1 m of vertical length is equal to 10 m in a horizontal position.

Schematic: Submerging a fecal pump

For example, the pumping unit is lowered 6 m in depth, the distance to the place where the liquid will go is 30 m.We perform calculations: 6 + 30/10 = 9 m, therefore, for forced sewage, equipment will be required that lifts the drains up to a height 9 m.

Varieties according to the principle of work

Depending on the type of sewage system and the presence of solid impurities in the composition of contaminated liquids, a fecal pump is selected:

• pressure head;
• pumping over;
• vacuum;
• dressing with a grinder.

Scheme: pump device for sewage

These varieties differ from each other in the principle of operation, the permissible temperature for the discharged liquid, as well as the presence or absence of a grinder. The toilet unit with a special cutting mechanism is not afraid of blockages, it is designed to pump liquids with any solid inclusions, the diameter of which exceeds 3.5 cm.

The principle of operation of this type of equipment is reduced to the automatic start of the knives, which carry out grinding in a matter of seconds, and then the pump pumps out the resulting liquid in the direction of the central riser.

Attention! Pumping equipment with a grinder is equipped with special knives for solid impurities, which grind any objects, including those that got into the sewer system through carelessness.

Comparison of pumping equipment for hot and cold effluents

If you intend to use a country shower without heating, then you can put a simple pressure or vacuum unit, while a model that is resistant to high temperatures is suitable for pumping out hot drains. Equipment for pumping cold liquid waste has a temperature limit of up to 400 C.

Universal pump for the sewage system

Some models equipped with knives are universal - they grind inclusions of a coarse fraction and can pump both cold and hot drains, but such equipment is expensive. Typically, the unit is installed behind the toilet, to which it is connected with an adapter sleeve.

Advice! You can save a lot by performing separate installation for each sanitary unit: for a bath / shower stall and washing machine put a vacuum or other unit that can withstand high temperatures, and for the toilet - a toilet pump for cold drains with a grinder.

How the markings are read

For the right choice pumping equipment, it is necessary to understand the labeling:

1. the presence of some numbers indicates that pumping equipment can be used to remove not very polluted wastewater, which contains the inclusion of solid particles up to 5 mm;
2. the designation "F" in the marking means that the device will cope with pumping out highly contaminated waste liquids and will let particles with a diameter of up to 35 mm;
3. the letter "H" indicates the material of manufacture from stainless steel, which confirms the possibility of using the equipment in an aggressive environment.

To make sure that the equipment suits you - study the documentation for it

How to extend the service life of pumping equipment

To operate the purification plant in non-stop mode, it is recommended to install a second pump for pumping out the sewage system - it will serve as a safety net in case of breakdown. For this, a so-called two-section receiving well is being built.

The organization of the sewerage system is one of the most important conditions for maintaining a safe sanitary and environmental background in private households. To ensure a properly functioning system for the removal of faeces, household waste and sewage, special equipment is used. In particular, to solve this problem, storage tanks, septic tanks, biological treatment tanks, etc. are used. However, the physical movement of waste is impossible without a pump for pumping out the sewage system. At home, this function can be performed by one unit, the power of which is enough for timely withdrawal of all volume accumulated materials.

What is special about feces pumps?

The structural differences of this equipment are due to the specifics of the pumped waste and the place of operation. As for the first aspect, in order to ensure the possibility of pumping out feces, the devices have special extensions - both at the outlet and on the suction side. This allows you to handle contaminated liquids and masses, including fibrous elements. The place of installation and further use of the unit can be almost any. Manufacturers strive to produce universal-purpose fecal pumps - that is, suitable for connecting directly to toilets and other plumbing fixtures. There are also modifications specifically designed for interfacing with septic tanks, drainage systems and cesspools. Versions designed for connection with storm channels can also be used outdoors.

Equipment design

Like other types of modern pumps, models for pumping feces include an electric motor. It forms the power base of the unit, which drives the spinning wheel. The capacitor, gland and float switch can be distinguished as functional components that perform secondary and auxiliary tasks. To ensure the reliability of the connections, sealing and sealing fittings are used. These are consumables that may require replacement during operation.

If you plan to use a pump for pumping out the sewage system at home under a roof, then you do not have to make any special design requirements. But again, street operation presupposes more reliable protection from both temperature effects and precipitation. As additional funds to increase the protective properties, experts recommend using containers and frame modules, in which the pump will be located during operation.

Varieties of aggregates

The main classification of fecal transfer pumps provides for the allocation of external, submersible and semi-submersible models. Outdoor units are installed on top of the sewer line, while submerged hoses are used for direct sampling. This equipment has the advantage in terms of accessibility to maintenance, but loses to submersible models in functionality and performance. In turn, the submersible pump for pumping out the sewage system itself, together with the communications, is lowered into the pumped liquid. The installation method is precisely what determines a higher degree of external protection of the equipment from aggressive environments. When choosing models of this type, it is important to take into account the maximum available immersion depth and the possibilities for communication connection to septic tanks, cesspools and storm channels. This is important if a comprehensive homeownership service is planned. section by means of one pumping points. Semi-submersible units are also offered as an alternative. They do not completely sink into the collection point for effluents or faeces, and fixation is provided by a float.

Features of vacuum models

This is a special type of pump with the help of which fecal matter is pumped. Classic equipment of this type works in conjunction with sewer machines, but there are also stand-alone models. The main feature of such units is their close connection with the final pumping point. For example, if it is planned to deliver effluents and faeces directly to the place of accumulation, then a vacuum pump for pumping out the sewage system in this system will work on the principle of creating a vacuum in the collection tank. It is important to take into account that the vacuum can work in a constant mode or only in certain one-time sessions - for example, when a septic tank is full. The pumps, assuming a constant pumping mode, automatically regulate the accumulation process of the waste collection chamber. That is, as the source fills up, they empty it, but so that the balance in the final storage tank is maintained.

Is a drainage pump suitable for a sewage system?

Fecal submersible models of pumps and drainage modifications perform approximately the same functions - they serve the sewer line. If the site provides for two pumps of both types at once, then the combination of their tasks can be traced in the water delivery circuit to the same septic tank or cesspool. But can drainage equipment replace the function of a special unit designed to handle faeces? It cannot fully. Since its design is not designed to pump liquids with solid inclusions larger than 5 cm.But if there is a grinding filter in the pumping circuit or a similar mechanism for preliminary waste preparation is provided in the toilet bowl design, then a drainage pump for pumping out the sewage system will become an even more advantageous option. The fact is that its design is more optimized and functional. With its help, it is possible with minimal energy consumption and a higher speed to carry out the removal of feces. But again, drainage structures are allowed only to work with previously crushed masses. By the way, this function is a sign of separation and faecal patterns.

Grinding Pumps

Chopping knives are often used to complement plumbing designs. They are also used at the stages of pre-filtration in septic tanks and wastewater storage tanks. For the stable operation of the sewer system, such a mechanism should be provided at one of the stages of the transfer of feces. As already noted, the structure of the toilet bowl can also be provided with shredders, which will make it possible to use pumps of a different type. And still optimal solution Integration of the unit with rotating knives into the pumping equipment is considered.

The fact is that a pump for pumping out the sewage with a shredder will prepare the masses at a distance from the place of intake, which is an advantage from a sanitary point of view... In addition, the pump automation will make the processing optimal in terms of energy consumption. The equipment will control the process, using the grinding mechanism only when necessary.

What to consider when choosing?

Productivity and the ability to service material with specific characteristics are the main parameters of choice. Initially, the capacity of the equipment should be taken into account and this indicator should be correlated with the potential loads on the target pumping channel. Next, attention should be paid to the properties of the waste. Some models are focused purely on cold drains, while others can work in environments up to 40 ° C. What pump to choose for pumping out the sewage system, which receives drains from the toilet, washing machine, shower and kitchen plumbing? Obviously, in this case, a model will be required, the design of which will be able to work with both cold and hot water... It will be a system of integrated sewerage service, therefore, the pump performance should be as high as possible.

Optimal material of construction

The physical durability of the pump is also an important operating condition. In many respects, the protective properties of a structure are determined by the material of manufacture. Metal alloys are gradually becoming a thing of the past, but they have their own advantages, which are quite appropriate in certain applications.

So, steel cases will provide a large physical resource of work, but they are also the most expensive. If a pump is chosen for pumping out the sewage system at home, a submersible type, then it is better to give preference to stainless steel models. They are less susceptible to corrosion and other negative factors directly from effluents. Perhaps the most popular option is plastic. It is also the most affordable and practical to maintain. But if there are risks of mechanical damage to the structure, then it is better to refuse plastic models.

Fecal pump manufacturers

Pumps of this type are widely represented by Pedrollo. It produces both submersible and surface models. Almost all units of this brand are provided with cutting elements for crushing waste, and their bodies are made of steel and cast iron alloys. The Danish company Grundfos also offers attractive pumps for pumping out sewage at home. The equipment of this company is traditionally different ample opportunities control with support for impeller adjustment and settings in the thermal relay.

If you are betting on a budget solution, then representatives of the Drenazhnik series from the Jileks manufacturer will do. These are centrifugal pump models that will allow you to combine a bathroom with sewerage system minimal investment.

Nuances of operation

The pumps in question are designed to provide a favorable sanitary atmosphere in a private home. But the equipment itself will need periodic maintenance during operation. Manufacturers recommend once a month or six months (depending on the model) to carry out a comprehensive check of the unit, its tightness, the quality of the connections and the integrity of the case. If surface pumps are used to pump out the sewage system in a private house, then there will be no problems with maintenance at all. Special preparation for the revision may be required only in the case of submersible modifications, which will have to be lifted from the waste container, cleaned and, after a preventive inspection, made a new installation.

Conclusion

There are different configurations of the sewerage system device for a private house. And not all of them provide for the inclusion of special pumping means into the infrastructure. Depending on the parameters of the site and plumbing communications, there may also be the possibility of natural drainage. Of course, this function can be provided either by a septic tank or by direct access to the central drainage line. If this is not possible, then household pumps for pumping out the sewage system will significantly increase the efficiency of the channel. Especially if the design of the equipment will have an impeller with cutting and grinding bodies. Combining the functions of such a unit and a tank with biological treatment will remove the problems of pollution and disposal of household waste.

Before choosing a drainage pump for sewage, you should understand the design features of this category of pumping units. Not in all cases their use in this direction is permissible. Even if the use of a drainage model is justified, the efficiency of the sewer system largely depends on how correctly you choose and install the equipment.

Drainage and fecal pumps: similarities and differences

For those who choose sewage equipment, it is important to understand that the drainage pump differs from the fecal pump in its technical characteristics, despite the fact that both types of transfer pumps are designed to transport contaminated liquids. The main difference is maximum permissible size of insoluble inclusions.

Usually, the following parameters are called when classifying:

• drainage sewage pump capable of pumping wastewater with solids up to 3-5 cm,
• able to handle hard and long-fiber particles up to 8 cm.

It is important to remember that the limiting values ​​differ in different models pumps and are indicated in technical characteristics each unit.

Another important note for those who decided to buy a drainage pump for a sewer system - faecal models are usually equipped with a chopper... This device, which is an impeller, cuts insoluble inclusions with blades, preparing wastewater for trouble-free transportation. In addition, the impeller crushes fibrous inclusions that can hinder the operation of the pumping unit, for example, toilet paper. Drainage models of pumps do not have such an add-on.

Benefits of drainage pumps

A natural question arises: if fecal pumps are so good at pumping contaminated wastewater, why bother talking about whether a drainage pump can replace it for pumping out sewage in a private house?

The fact is that drainage pumps have a number of advantages.

1. They are cheaper than faecal models.
2. The overall dimensions of the drainage products are smaller.
3. There are more drainage pumps on the market than fecal pumps, which allows you to accurately select the option with the required technical characteristics.

Scope of application

Based on the functionality, it can be understood that the drainage pump is not suitable for transporting wastewater directly after the toilet. Feces and toilet paper can lead to jamming of the mechanism, serious damage and costly repairs. In septic tanks, as a result of vital activity, large inclusions turn into silt and water, that is, they change not only their composition, but also their size and consistency. A drainage pump can be used to pump these treated effluents.

Views

In order to understand how to choose drainage pumps, you should understand the variety of models using classification.

Note: Surface and semi-submersible pumps can be installed permanently (connected to the system using pipelines) or mobile (connected through flexible hoses).

• Submersible pumps are not just below the surface of the liquid in the tank, but also located at a depth (as a rule, the installation instructions for each model indicate the required distance from the bottom of the unit to the bottom of the tank). Such pumps are installed permanently, lowered into the tank on cables and mounted on metal guides. One of the advantages of the submersible model is the low (compared to surface technology) noise level.

Depending on the type of power supply, drainage pumps are distinguished:

• single-phase in the ability to lift liquid from a depth of up to 24 meters and a capacity, depending on the model, up to 800 l / min.
• three-phase with limit values ​​of 150 meters and 6500 l / min, respectively.

Materials for making

The qualities and characteristics of drainage pumps depend on the material from which this or that model is made.

• The most reliable and durable are metal pumps, where both the working part and the body are made of metal (stainless steel or cast iron).
• The cheapest products are plastic, however, given the rather difficult operating conditions, their trouble-free service life is much shorter than that of metal models.
• Combined pumps, the metal working part of which is placed in a plastic case, can be considered a compromise option.

Operating principle

The principle of operation of the drainage pump is based on the creation of a low pressure area in the chamber. Sparseness is formed when the impeller rotates, as a result, water enters the chamber, where the centrifugal force accelerates it and the direction of movement. As the liquid flows out into the outlet, a low pressure region forms again in the pump chamber.

Drainage pump automation

It is simply impossible to operate the pump manually. Monitoring the water level and the condition of the equipment, turning on and off the unit would require constant participation and presence of the user. Therefore, the pumping equipment is supplied with devices that monitor and control the parameters of the work. Domestic drainage pumps for pumping sewage waste are usually equipped with a "living wage" - the most necessary options for efficient operation.

• Floats- a simple, inexpensive and reliable method for determining the level of a liquid in a tank. Sensors mounted on the floats turn on the unit when the tank is full and turn off when the level has dropped sufficiently.
• Thermal relay works in cases when the temperature of the equipment rises. This eliminates the possibility of overheating and equipment failure.

Industrial models of drainage pumps can be equipped with more complex and accurate control devices that are expensive, and their use in a domestic environment is not economically feasible.

The starting point when choosing a drainage pump is a set of operating conditions. The purchased unit must comply with them without fail, otherwise the operation of the sewer system will be ineffective.

Of great importance are:

• the composition of the liquid, the amount, type of impurities and the size of their particles,
• temperature of effluents,
• the presence of aggressive substances in the pumping liquid (for example, if the decomposition of impurities in a septic tank or cesspool is carried out not by a biological, but by a chemical method),
• the amount of incoming wastewater (based on this parameter, the required pump capacity is determined),
• tank depth,
• the intended place of installation of the pump,
• the distance over which you want to transport the liquid,
• operating mode (constant, seasonal, periodic).

For clarity, you can give an example of calculating the parameters.

Each meter of the horizontal distance by which it is necessary to move the drains corresponds to 0.1 m of the head.

Thus, when taking wastewater from a depth of 2 m and transporting it to a distance of 10 m, the pump head must be at least 2 + 10x0.1 = 3 m.

Pay attention to the equipment configuration - it must include a float sensor and a thermal relay. It is optimal to have a second spare float, which will work if the first one breaks.

Popular manufacturers

Experts insist: only the equipment of well-known and proven brands will ensure the trouble-free operation of the sewage system and will be more economical due to its durability and reliability.

• Any drainage pump for sewage Grundfos features versatility and low noise level. Grundfos units are compact, reliable and easy to use.
• Most likely, not all Russian users will consider it a significant advantage stylish design drainage pumps Gillex(Drainer series). However, few people will remain indifferent to the performance of the units of this brand (low noise level, durability, ability to work in difficult conditions, compactness, reasonable price). Another advantage of the brand's products is the adaptability of the models to work in Russian conditions.
• Submersible drainage pumps Nocchi are equipped with float sensors and have a wide range of applications. The advantage of the brand's pumps is the presence of a self-cleaning system, which simplifies the maintenance of the equipment and increases the period of its trouble-free operation.

Below is the average price of pumps for drainage and sewerage of several models.