The Day of the Russian Press is celebrated in Russia. On this day, all employees related to the printed word accept congratulations.

Today, more than 50 thousand periodicals are registered in our country. People in hundreds of professions work hard every day to create new issues so that anyone can choose a newspaper or magazine to their liking. Journalists and editors, writers and proofreaders, photographers, publishers, layout designers, in a word, a huge number of people can call January 13 their professional holiday.

We owe the appearance of a daily fresh press with the latest news in our country to Peter I, it was by his order on January 13, 1703 that the first issue of the Russian periodical press, the Vedomosti newspaper, was published. The name of the first issue was somewhat longer and changed several times over time.

In tsarist Russia "Vedomosti" quickly took root, and people waited impatiently for each new issue. And on January 1, 1870, as an experiment, the first subscription to printed publications was carried out. In addition, it was allowed to subscribe to the foreign press.

The printing business developed by leaps and bounds, and by the time the Bolsheviks arrived, more than three thousand different publications were already published. After the revolution, the Soviet government made its own adjustments to this sphere of life and postponed the day of the Russian press to 5 May , timed to coincide with the release of the first issue of the Soviet "Pravda". And only in 1991, historical justice was restored, and the holiday returned to its pre-revolutionary origins, on January 13th.

Since 1997, on this day, the most prestigious award in the field of journalism - the State Prize of the President of the Russian Federation in the field of mass media - has been presented. This is an especially important day for young professionals, since the issuance of federal grants for the implementation of new projects is also timed to coincide with January 13th.

In addition to the highest awards, each edition honors its best professionals. Particularly distinguished employees are awarded prizes and gifts. Often, the masters of the printed word gather on this day at various conference levels to exchange experiences and support young specialists.

The results of literary competitions are summed up, the best works become scholarships and receive special certificates that open the way for young talents to the world of the printed word.

The Day of the Russian Press is celebrated not only by paper workers, but also by the Internet. With today's development of the world wide web, the number of people working on the net is no less than in publishing houses. And all representatives of this difficult work have one common task - to bring the light of information to the masses, with which the pen workers do an excellent job.

The Japanese name for Japan, Nihon (日本), has two parts, ni (日) and hon (本), both of which are Chinese. The first word (日) in modern Chinese is pronounced rì and, as in Japanese, denotes "sun" (written in its ideogram). The second word (本) in modern Chinese is pronounced bӗn. Its original meaning is "root", and the ideogram that conveys it is the ideogram of the tree mù (木) with a dash added at the bottom denoting the root. From the meaning “root” the meaning “origin” developed, and it was in this meaning that it entered the name of Japan Nihon (日本) - “origin of the sun”> “land of the rising sun” (modern Chinese rì bӗn). In ancient Chinese, the word bӗn (本) also had the meaning of “scroll, book”. In modern Chinese, it is supplanted in this sense by the word shū (書), but remains in it as a counting word for books. The Chinese word bӗn (本) has been borrowed into Japanese for both root, origin and scroll, book, and hon (本) means book in modern Japanese as well. The same Chinese word bӗn (本) in the meaning of “scroll, book” was also borrowed into the ancient Türkic language, where, after adding the Türkic suffix -ig to it, it acquired the form * küjnig. The Türks brought this word to Europe, where from the language of the Danube Türkic-speaking Bulgars in the form of K'nig it got into the language of the Slavic-speaking Bulgarians and through the Church Slavonic it spread to other Slavic languages, including Russian.

Thus, the Russian word book and the Japanese word hon “book” have a common root of Chinese origin, and the same root is included as a second component in the Japanese name of Japan Nihon.

I hope everything is clear?)))

In 1703, on this day, by decree of Peter I, the first issue of the Russian newspaper Vedomosti was published. Exactly 85 years later, thanks to the ruler of the Tambov governorship, Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin, the first Russian newspaper in the province, Tambovskie Izvestia, was published, which had been published only one year before Derzhavin left Tambov.

Original taken from marina_klimkova 225 years ago: Newspaper "Tambovskie Izvestia", No. 1

The first issue of Tambovskiye Izvestia said:

The first day of the coming new year was celebrated here as follows: After the meeting of all the ranks in the cathedral church, a solemn liturgy was heard, at the end of which Proto-Priest Semyon Kirilov spoke a decent word for this dayabout using time for goodFinally, a prayer song was performed to the giver of all blessings to the Lord God, for the highest health of HER IMPERIAL MAJESTY and the entire august IMPERIAL HOUSE. In the evening, the city was illuminated, and in the house of His Excellency the Governor of the Provincial Assembly and a noble theatrical performance, on the occasion of the wartime DramaTaking the island of St. Lucia operas Loretand comic ballet; then a masquerade, consisting of more than 200 masks and dinner. The meeting lasted until 2 a.m. at midnight, to the general delight of the residents of the city and many visitors from the districts, of which one theater lover D. B ... in expression of his confession, sent the following verses to the local printing house for printing:

The beautiful Loreta was born in Paris
From the brain of the glorious French creator,
She is dressed in Russian in Moscow.
For the first time I admired the hearts on it
In Tambov! ... by the diligence of a music lover,
The theater reveals their union. "

Construction has always been in the first place in the economy (where they build, there is life, there is development). One of the main goals of creating in Tambov G.R. Derzhavin of the printing house, apparently, was the organization of construction. The arrangement of tenders for the selection of contractors and the dissemination of information on prices required the dispatch of numerous documents, therefore, in order to reduce the number of copyist scribes at the end of 1787 in Tambov, a "free printing house" appeared.

Derzhavin wrote about this on August 24, 1786 to N.N. Trubetskoy to Moscow:

“My [ill-tempered] g [condemnator], Prince Nikolai Nikitich, most humbly in [your] th s [yatelstelst] I am bothering with my request to talk to Nikolai Ivanovich Novikov, does he have in his printing house one that is corrupt for printing books with everyone else? belonging to the machine and with a sufficient number for the cast words of the civil handwriting, also does he not have superfluous masters necessary for printing books who would agree to go to the syuds, and what is necessary to produce for their maintenance in a year of salary? In terms of the vastness of the local province and the multitude of current affairs, there are quite a few such papers that would have had their own course through the printing house; if I see an advantage, then one camp is cheaper than keeping a lot of clerks' empty fodders, I would have decided to start a printing house here solely for office production. "

On December 22, 1786, a letter from N.I. Novikov, in which it was said: "You demanded from Prince Nikolai Nikitich [Trubetskoy] the first accounts of the books sent to you, and the second - the approximate calculation of the printing house."

Since 1788, construction in the Tambov province began to curtail (we rarely find information about the relevant auctions and contracts). This activity, judging by the archival documents, was in full swing from 1786 to 1787. After Derzhavin's departure from Tambov in January 1789, the publication of the newspaper ceased.

In 1703, according to the decree of Peter I, the newspaper "Vedomosti" was published for the first time in Russia. It was published both in Moscow and in the northern "capital" of Russia - St. Petersburg, and the name was not constant: either "Rossiiskie vedomosti", then simply "Vedomosti", or even "Vedomosti Moskovskie". The development of the newspaper business was in full swing - already in 1914 more than 3 thousand titles were registered.
In Soviet times, after 1917, the day of printing was celebrated on May 5 - this date was published by the newspaper "Pravda"... But after the collapse of the USSR in 1991, by a special resolution of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation, the holiday was renamed from "Day of the Soviet Press" to "Day of the Russian Press" and postponed to January 13 - on this day in 1703 the newspaper "Vedomosti" was published.

On this festive day, it is remembered that the first printed organ of our region was a newspaper that changed several names during its existence: "Collective Labor", "Leninist", "Tsimla", "Pridonye". Its first editor May 5, 1930 a twenty-year-old Komsomol member Stepan Klevtsov. In 1941, the political instructor of the Red Army, Klevtsov, led his company to attack near Moscow and died a heroic death. After him, the "district" was headed by more than ten editors. The newspaper covered the events and problems of local life in the Tsimlyansk region. It was then that the good traditions of the development of local media were laid, which are respected to this day.
Today we sincerely congratulate the veterans of the Pridonye newspaper on their professional holiday: T.V. Shein, N.V. Khikhlunova, L.V. Malaya, G.G. Lazarev, A.V. Sysoev, L.I. Fedyaev, L.I. Kravtsov, V.M.Saveliev and others. Congratulations on the holiday of the Russian press to the workers and rural correspondents who work today in the newspaper: A.A. Konstantinov from the village of Novotsimlyanskaya, G.I. Pozdnyakova, KD Terekhin, E.P. Ziborov from the city of Tsimlyansk, A.I. Keda from the city of Volgodonsk, OV Volkova from the village of Romanovskaya and many others.
The entire creative team "Pridonya", which is still headed by the editor-in-chief N. Sivashov, we also congratulate you on the holiday and thank you for your cooperation: OV Ulyanova, VV Pestrakovich, MS Sukhanova, N.А. Perzhinskaya, typing and typesetting operators A.V. Baboshin, A.A. Tylchenko, printers M.A.Myshak, head of the subscription and delivery department I.V. Trukhtanov and others.

At all times, the press has been and remains the main mediator between the government and citizens, an exponent of public and personal opinions, a source of useful and relevant information. Let each line written by you bring only positive moods into the life of the Tsimlyansk region, helping its further development. We wish you grateful readers, interesting events and new friends! Happy holiday, dear employees of the newspaper "Pridonye"! I wish you success in your difficult, but such important work!

On January 13, 1703, in Russia, by decree of Peter I, the issue of the first Russian newspaper Vedomosti was published.

The first issue of the newspaper was titled “Vedomosti on military and other matters worthy of knowledge and memory that happened in the Moscow State and in other neighboring countries”. The newspaper was published now in Moscow, then in St. Petersburg, while it actually did not have a permanent name - "Vedomosti", "Rossiiskie vedomosti", "Vedomosti Moskovskie" ...

We will devote our today's material to an important professional holiday, the Day of the Russian Press, which is celebrated annually on January 13th.

From January 1, 1870, "the highest command" was allowed "to arrange, as an experiment, the reception in post offices of subscriptions to periodicals - both Russian and foreign." In Russia, this was the first order to carry out a subscription to periodicals. And by 1914, over three thousand periodicals were published in Russia.

The professional holiday itself, the Day of the Russian Press, was established by a decree of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR dated January 13, 1991 to replace the then existing Day of the Soviet Press, celebrated on May 5.

Until 1991, this holiday was called "Press Day" and was celebrated annually on May 5. It was installed to commemorate the publication of the first issue of the mass Bolshevik newspaper Pravda on May 5 (April 22, O.S.) 1912. The first decree on state publishing was issued on December 29, 1917. In 1918, on the initiative of V.I. Lenin, the Central Press was created, designed to distribute all publications published in Soviet Russia.

"There were 9/10 workers who subscribed to Pravda," wrote N.K. Krupskaya, who at the end of 1913 made a map of the distribution of Pravda on Lenin's instructions. Thanks to the mass support of the workers, Pravda was published in a large print run at that time - an average of 40 thousand copies, and in some months - up to 60 thousand copies daily.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation dated December 28, 1991, the holiday became known as the "Day of the Russian Press" and is celebrated annually on January 13th.

Today Russia is gripped by media fever. In terms of growth rates, the press market in Russia is second only to similar markets in India and China. However, the quantitative growth of print media in Russia, according to experts, is not accompanied by an adequate increase in circulation and sales. Between 2001 and 2004, even the most well-known publications reduced circulation; the number of readers of the daily press during this time fell from 4.2 to 3.4 million people. In the past two years, the situation has somewhat stabilized, and the total audience of print media has even increased, mainly due to entertainment publications.

One of the acute problems of the Russian newspaper market is considered to be the predominance of non-market mechanisms on it. Up to 90% of Russian newspapers are subsidized by government agencies and private investors, who treat publications as a political resource and do not require them to pay off. The profession of a journalist in Russia in the context of the rapid development of the market is one of the most demanded, while remaining one of the most dangerous. According to the Committee to Protect Tin Freedom and the Rights of Journalists, over the past 15 years, more than 300 journalists have been killed in Russia, most of the crimes have not yet been solved.

Celebration

On January 13, the day of their professional holiday, the Day of the Russian Press, the most talented representatives of the domestic media are traditionally honored as laureates of annual awards.

On this day, the awards of the government of the Russian Federation in the field of print media are annually awarded, as well as grants are presented to support the most significant projects of young and creative journalists. Awarded the Government Prize since 1997.

In 2009, about 47 thousand newspapers and magazines were registered in Russia, half of which are published regularly. In the same year, the number of new projects in publishing houses and on TV channels doubled.

Media concept

The mass media have recently been considered not so much as a means of communication through which information is transferred from person to person or to the masses of people, as in the guise of an institution of democracy that protects the interests of the individual, society and the state.

This emphasis is primarily due to the need for additional support for such social values ​​as freedom of expression and belief, political and ideological pluralism, freedom of thought and speech, etc., which are guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

The approach to the media as a kind of expression of opinions and tools for obtaining and disseminating socially significant information is reflected in the Law of the Russian Federation "On the Mass Media", which develops and concretizes the principle of freedom of the media, enshrined in Part 5 of Art. 29 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. This Law is basic in the field of legal regulation of relations arising from the organization of the activities of the mass media, their relations with citizens and organizations, the procedure for disseminating mass information.

A mass media means a periodical printed publication, a radio, television or video program, a newsreel program, or another form of periodic dissemination of mass information.

Media today

In the modern period of development of Russian society, the successful solution of political, economic and social problems increasingly depends on the action of such a subjective factor as the social activity of an individual. The media play an important role in shaping activity. The growing role of the press, radio and television in the public life of the country is evidenced by their rapid growth, prevalence and accessibility of mass information. The printed and spoken word, television images are capable of reaching the most remote areas in the shortest possible time, penetrating into any social environment.

The value of the media

The mass media are a powerful force of influence on the consciousness of people, a means of promptly delivering information to different parts of the world, the most effective means of influencing human emotions, capable of convincing the recipient in the best way. This is especially evident in relation to electronic media. As technical capabilities expand, their role increases. And in terms of the emotional impact on the feelings and consciousness of people, they remain unsurpassed so far and collect the largest audience.

The effectiveness of the media is inextricably linked to the needs of people, their increased social, spiritual and political needs. At the same time, it is necessary to distinguish between the concepts of information needs and thematic interests of the audience. The need for information is social in nature and is primarily due to the content, structure of a person's daily activities, including the objective characteristics of his professional and social activities. Thematic interests depend on the content of the information offered and on situational socio-psychological factors (such as popularity, topicality, prestige of certain topics, persons, phenomena, etc.). Some information about the information needs of the audience can be obtained through a survey. The survey only gives a picture of the thematic interests of the audience. It must be supplemented with an analysis of the nature of the role-playing activity of representatives of various groups of the population in work, in the sphere of social and spiritual life, in everyday life and in the family.