Dolphinium, known as springerie or bias, enjoys special love with gardeners - this is one of the few grassy plants for open soil, the flowers of which the nature itself are painted in various shades of blue. Landing and leaving the dolphinium perennial requires increased attention, thorough preparation and constancy. Difficulties are overcome, if you use the proposed instructions and advice.

Preparation for landing Dolphinium in Open Ground

Splitter is considered a capricious flower, the success of the cultivation of which depends on the proper preparatory activities.

Dates of landing

You can plant / transplant plants in spring (April-May) or in the fall (from the end of August to mid-September). The cultivation of the dolphinium seedliness is the most optimal method suitable for any region. Seeding seeds produce two months before the intended movement of young plants on the flower beds.

So, for the middle strip the best term - mid-March, in the southern edges - the second half of February, Siberia and the Urals - the beginning of April. The southern gardeners do not bother themselves to the seedlings, conducting direct sowing of seeds to open ground. Suitable time for sowing is considered the first half of April or from the second half of September to mid-October.

Selection of space on the plot

If you correctly choose a place where it is better to plant a dolphinium, the openwork handsome show himself in all its glory:

1. Good lighting. It is better to plant there, where in the morning and closer to the evening the sun shines, and at the midday clock there is a shadow. Dolphinium perfectly tolerates heat, but the flowers of bright painted varieties under the sun burn out, lose attractiveness and decorativeness.
2. Wind protection. Most varieties are tall, hollow stems of these plants will easily break under the gusts of the wind. However, practically all garden flowers do not like blown through space.
3. Lack of moisture stagnation. For a long time not absorbed in the ground, rain or melt water contributes to reducing the roots.
4. Preparation of soil
5. The perfect soil for gibby is moderately wet loams or letters rich in organica, neutral or weakness.

Preparation of soil

Clay areas adjust: sand takes 1-2 buckets / sq. M., Mineral complexes - 50-80 g / sq.m, compost or humus - 20-25 kg / sq. M. Depleted soils are refined at the rate of the square: Minerals - 40-50 g; Organizer - 10-15 kg. The acidic soil is lime, alkaline is added granulated sulfur (30-50 g / sq.m).

• dig a soil to the bayonet shovel;
• lay out a 20-centimeter layer of drainage;
• mix duck up the ground with a recoverable compost (1 bucket), ash (2 glasses), bone flour (1 cup) and superphosphate (2 tbsp.) At the rate of 1 sq.m.

Flowerbed is exalted, what to do with dolphiniums.

Selection and preparation of planting material

Sorry springs seeds or vegetatively, that is, with cuttings or "delinks" of rhizomes. A vegetative method definitely gives a purious offspring. Seeds for sowing is better to buy from well-known manufacturers: Aelita agrofirm, "Gavrish", "Sedk", "Search" and other cuttings and "Dellets" are taken from 2-3-year-old satellites.

Seed preparation algorithm:

1. Disinfection in a pale pink solution of manganese, Maxim or Phytosporin preparations for 20 minutes.
2. Processed seeds are washed with flowing water.
3. Then soaking with water for a day with the addition of several drops of "zircon" or "epina". Preparations can be replaced by folk remedies - Aloe, Honey.
4. Pushed seeds wrapped with damp cloth are put into the container and remove to stratification (i.e. in the refrigerator). The napkin, in which the seeds are wrapped, should remain wet, but not "swim" in the water, otherwise the seeds will suffocate and die.
5. Stratification continues until seeds. Then the folds are moved to a well-lit side concern and are kept for several days under the phytolamma.
6. The material is then sewn into the seating containers or in open ground.

Another reception of seed preparation: After disinfection, they are wrapped in a wet napkin, packed into a plastic bag and cheered on a plot for a couple of weeks. The method is applicable at low (in the region of 0 ° C) temperatures.

Equipment landing

Successful seeding and further care for seedlings completely depend on the accuracy of technology execution.

Sowing at seedlings

In order for the capricious "color garden" king "from the first year, it was pleased with stormy bloom, follow the following instructions:

1. Determine the timing of sowing. It is starting to sow since February, if there is equipment for the reading of seedlings, otherwise waiting for an increase in the duration of the daylight.
2. Conduct seed processing.
3. Select the seed capacity. Fast prescribed individual pots, where one seed is served, is not the best option. The root system of the seedlings will not immediately master the soil, which can lead to zaku. It is optimally sowing a small depth container with drainage holes.
4. On a note! A good option is a disposable packaging for food. If it has already been used, it is necessarily disinfected.
5. Prepare a substrate. Suitable purchased: universal for seedlings or for succulents. Self-mixed peat, garden or garden earth, humid or compost, sand (2: 4: 2: 1). The mixture is sieved, perlite is added (1 cup / 10 liters of soil).
6. Disinfect the soil warming in the oven for an hour. Purchased soil is spilled with a solution of "phytoosporin" or "phytolavin".
7. Prepared substrate fill the capacity, slightly his trambus.
8. Seeds lay down on the surface, not deepening, not pressed.
9. Pop thin layer of soil or vermiculite.
10. Covered with a lid or tighten with food film.
11. Capacity with crops are placed in a dark cool place.

Short springs appear by the middle of the 2nd week. Gardeners are advised from 6-7 days to check the crops daily to immediately transfer seedlings to a leaard place. Film or lid can be removed.

Increase seedlings under the following conditions:

• moisturized soil;
• the duration of the daylight is 12-14 hours;
• temperature regime 18-20 ° C.

Seedlings are picked at the stage of two real leaves. Place sprouts in separate small cups. The substrate takes both for the germination by adding a full mineral complex of 2 tbsp. / 10 liters of the substrate.

After dive, the temperature and light mode do not change. The first watering of seedlings spend a week later if the soil was abundantly moisturized during transplantation. Before landing on the flower, the seedlings are fed by complex mineral fertilizers ("Agrikola", "Ferkit Plus", etc.) every two weeks.

Attention! The root is root, when the solution is hit on the leaflet, it is necessary to wash it away with water.

Sowing in the sad

A straight sowing of Schoven Suman is held from the second half of April. To do this, they prepare a special bed-shirt:

• the soil is picked up at a depth of about 30 cm;
• comprehensive fertilizers contribute;
• make a shallow, about one and a half centimeters of groove;
• abundantly shed with water;
• in the grooves lay seeds;
• sweep dry substrate.

So that the seeds rose faster and more friendly, crops are covered with agrofiber or film of black (dark) color. Sowing periodically moisturize, preventing soil drying. The shelter is removed after the appearance of germs - for 3-4 weeks. The first season of the seedlings are moderately watered, feed twice a month, the soil frills and remove weeds. For the winter, the grocery-shovel is covered with a sweetheart so that young rabbies do not frozen. In the spring of the second year, the young pig spark is transplanted at the prepared permanent place.

Dolphinium Care in Open Ground

Events associated with the departure of the plant are not different complexity, the main rule is regularity.

Watering

Over the season of vegetation, one plant needs 65 liters of water. With a small amount of precipitation in summer, 2-3 buckets of water are poured under each bush. More frequent, but less abundant irrigation is required at the formation stage of inflorescences. With a lack of moisture, part of the buds does not develop properly, empty places appear in inflorescences.

Note! Dolphinium strictly under the root, the surface watering does not bring the plant. It is undesirable to enter the green parts of the plant - stems, leaves.

Late in the fall, if there are little precipitation, it is plentiful to preparing for the winter without complications. After each watering, when the soil comes up, carry out loop.

Trimming

The first time the pruning is made when the stems are growing up to 30 cm. Slip the flowerons according to the following scheme: plants blooming for the first time, leave 2 stems; Adults - 4-5. Solitary plants remove side shoots. In the growing dolphiniums in mixed landings, they leave them. Seamless shoots are removed so that the plant does not spend force on education and aging seeds. Under the winter, the last flowers are cut at a height of 30 cm.

Podkord

For the season, the feeding is made twice:

• the beginning of spring - urea (2 art. l.), potassium sulfate (2 art. l.) and superphosphate (1 tbsp) per square;
• before the start of flowering, 1 tbsp. l. Potash and phosphate fertilizers per square meter. m;

From August, the feeding stops not to stimulate the growth and continuation of flowering, and allow the plant to lay the flower buds of the next season. To the root system, located close to the surface of the Earth, did not receive burns from fertilizers, recommend digging special grooves where and pour nutrient solution. During the bootonization, the sprinkum leaves spray with a solution of boric acid (50 g / l).

Preparation for winter

Upon completion of flowering and drying the leaves, cut the stalks at the level of 30-35 cm above the ground level. The internal cavities of shoots are lubricated to Garden Warrine or clay so that moisture does not get into them, it did not penetrate the roots and did not provoke rotting. Frost-resistant dolphiniums in shelter for the winter do not need, only young plants are covered. If the weather forecasters promise frosts and little snow, it is advisable to cover the base of the branches of the straw dolphinium or straw. Experienced flowerfolders under the winter also dig grooves around each plant to drive the rainwater in autumn and melt - in the spring.

Note! "When the stems grow up to 60 cm high, the plant must be tiered.

For this, there are three crawl around it around it and with a wide braid or tapes fix the flowerons. "

Methods of breeding

Like all herbaceous plants for open soil, it is possible to grow a dolphinium from seeds, cuttings and "delinces" of rhizomes.

Reproduction of a long-term dolphinium division

The division of rhizoma of a mature sprout is the easiest, and therefore a popular way. The age of the plant suitable for division is 3-4 years. Older or young bushes are worse than the procedure. The division is carried out:

• in the spring, when fresh leaves begin to germinate;
• in the fall, when the seeds are beginning to be angry (and new foliage is growing).

The root is neatly removed from the soil, keeping the maximum large earth com. They smoke or cut it with a sharp tool, leaving the roots beam on each dend, one young escape and one sleeping kidney. This is enough for the young plant to quickly increase the green mass and prepared to flowering. "Delinka" are seated on the prepared places. Before the fall, they carefully take care of them, and they are hidden for the winter.

Reproduction of dolphinium long-term seeds

A description of the process of growing springs from seeds is given above. Several words add about collecting and storing seeds. Seeds Dolphinium tying easily, but different quality. To minimize the loss of time and strength to germinating unpromising seeds, resort to the following procedure: 10-15 lower flowers are left in every candle-inflorescence, the rest are abrupt. In order to ripe the seeds (they need to grow to the root) did not crumble, the blooming is turned into a thin x / b to a cloth or gauze into one layer. Ripe seeds are stored in glass jars or foil bags at a reduced temperature. The seeds collected independently not always inherit the varietal qualities of parental plants, for fans of experiments and surprises, it serves as an additional incentive.

Dolphinium breeding reproduction

For breeding take the top cuttings. Prepare them in the spring, cutting out young 10-centimeter shoots. Separate from the uterine bush at the root neck with a piece of root fabric. Shugding the cuttings of the bellyness in the substrate consisting of peat and sand in the ratio of 1: 1. Bloat 2 cm and covered with a transparent cap. Conditions of safeguarding: shading, temperature 20-25 ° C, high humidity. The process lasts about 5-6 weeks. At the permanent place, the cuttings are transplanted in the spring.

Note! "With group cultivation of dolphiniums, the distance between plants is withstanding at least 30 cm."

Diseases and pests

Black spottedness - black spots appear on the lower leaves, gradually rising up the stalk. For treatment spray with a solution of tetracycline (1 tablet / 1 l of water). Puffy dew - raid gray-white color on the leaves, with time a darker to brown. Plants are treated with a solution of "Fundazola", "Topaz" or other fungicides. Ramularity - the leaves are covered with small stains, dry out, fall. Treat antifungal agents. Ring spotting - the appearance of yellow spots of the wrong shape on the leaves. Viral disease, reliable means of struggle. Plants dig and destroy.

Forbia (Dolphinium Fly) lays eggs in non-scratched buds. Measure of the struggle - spraying insecticides (Prometrine, Iskra) at the bootonization stage. A web tick attacks plants with too dry air. Prevention and destruction of the pest - green soap, "phytodeterm". The failure - plant processing is carried out from the first days of spring. In addition to ready-made insecticides, folk remedies are used: infusions of tobacco, garlic, bow. Slugs are most dangerous to young seedlings. Optimally use traps or sprinkle with the soil with dry mustard, egg shell, burning pepper.

Remember! Most often Dolphinium diseases - the result of violations of the rules of care or adverse weather conditions, like: protracted rains, high humidity, poor air circulation between plants.

Popular species of Dolphinium

More than 400 species of single and perennial dolphiniums are known. They differ in the height, colorful and structure of the flower, flowering period. In domestic gardeners, several species enjoy love.

Delphinium hybrid (DelphiniumHybrids)

A group of tall dolphiniums - from 1 to 2 m and above. Rhizome short, stem is hollow, reprehensive. Flowers of irregular shape are simple, semi-grade and terry - form a grinding inflorescence. Flowers painted in various colors of blue, blue, lilac, purple, pink and white. Blossom in July, in the southern regions is reused - in September. Preference is given to the varieties "Blue Lace", "Winter's daughter", "King Arthur", "Pushkin", "Pink Sunset", "Lilac Spiral".

On a note! Very effective grade "Black Knight" with large terry flowers of thick ink color.

Delphinium Belladonna (DelphiniumBelladonna)

Elegant plants with loose bulk-tie inflorescences. Blowns start in June, the second wave falls on the middle-end of August. Flowers are simple and semi-grade, painting from white to dense-blue with all shades. They are considered ideal for beginners, since care for this group of varieties is easier. Bright representatives of Bergchimmel, "Casablanca", "Lamartin", "Piccolo".

Delphinium large-flower (DelphiniumGrandiflorum)

Standard view height up to 80 cm. Straight straight, branched. Coloring flowers saturated, blue, pink or white tones. Dimensions of flowers are medium, cruise-shaped inflorescence. Flowers from the second half of July. Favorited by dacnisms of the Dolphinium variety of large-flowered - "Pink Butterfly", "Blue Butterfly", "White Butterfly".

Dolphinium field

Annual plant height up to one and a half meters. Flowers are simple, terry and semi-grade, in pink, blue, lilac and white shades. Flowers from June to September. Distribution received varieties: FROSTEDSKY, QISROSE, QISDARKBLUE.

Delphinium High (Delphiniumelatum)

Tall (up to 180 cm) Line of varieties with dense pyramidal inflorescences, the length of which reaches 40 cm. Flowers are more often semi-marked, large - about 8 cm. The flowering falls on the second half of June - the beginning of June. Re-flowers closer towards the end of summer. Top varieties: Agenveid, Finstrearon, Sungleam. On a note! In addition to those listed, Pacific and New Zealand hybrids, differing in variety of color and tallness, and hybrids of domestic selection are also popular, and the hybrids of domestic selection are Martinsky.

Dolphinium in landscape design

Slender elegant dolphiniums use in the background of mixboraders; Next to decorative tall evergreen or early shrubs; To decorate the walls of hozpostrokk and fences; for the fits of the center of the flower beds; when designing borders and chains (low-spirited species); on the Alpine slides (miniature varieties); Like solvents on lawns or among soil workers. With joint landings, the sprack looks effectively with flocks, roses (including plenty), lilies.

Landing and leaving the dolphinium perennial requires an application of certain efforts, it is not for nothing in vain "king of flower beds". The troubles and costs of time are completely paid off by the charming beauty of flowering candle-inflorescence. In addition, what Wille-Neil has invested the soul, and appreciate more.