Petunia is a perennial plant, which in our climate is cultivated as annual. Petunia cultivation is possible in all parts of the country, due to its stability to adverse weather conditions. She is loved by flowerfish not only for her beauty, but also for lush flowering, which begins in June, and continues until mid-September. The adult plant has the shape of an elongated drop or a dense bowl, which is covered with lush joints from all sides. Petunia is a relative of the tomatoes, as it is to treat the family of the Polenic. In his homeland, in the tropics of South America, some species of this beautiful flower grow over one and a half meters long, but in our short summer, shoots reach more modest sizes. We can see petunia in pots on terraces and balconies, in personal gardens and in the flower beds of urban parks.

Views and popular varieties of petunition

The development of new varieties and hybrids of this wonderful flower breeders around the world have been engaged for more than 100 years. During this time, many interesting options have appeared that are not just very beautiful and aesthetic, but also equipped with useful consumer qualities. For example, Petunia can lose its decorativeness for a long period due to rain. After the protracted abundant precipitation, it loses most of the color lines, and long does not bloom. So, for such weather conditions, breeders from France developed a hybrid "Limbo Red with streaks F1", which is perfectly restored after the rain. Dense accommodations covering flowers from the outside, not only create on the surface of the petals decorative effect "rigging" paper, but also are a dense frame for flowers. This allows social tracks not to lose the form even the field of strongest wetting.

Classify petunia in several directions is the size of flowers, the shape of the bush and the dimensions of the plant. The last feature allows you to group a variety as follows:

Petunia is a multi-flower miniature (the height of the bush - 10-25 cm)

It is divided into petuniam milliflora, large-flowered and small-bedroom. This group includes dozens, if not hundreds of varieties, the most popular are considered:

• Pink shock F1. The miniature plant, not more than 17 cm high, but the smaller stitching to a half-meter, rose in small (5 cm) dark pink flowers. Recommended for baskets, vases, as well as for growing on the balcony.
• CharmF2.. This hybrid does not grow above 25 cm, compact, does not grow loser, covered with flowers with a diameter of 6 cm, having an unusual color that attracts attention. From the center of the Sorce, on the burgundy or purple field of petals, white lines are broken, which make a flower like a star. This petunia is charming in the garden, as a dominant on a high flower bed.
• Pickel Picker Pickel PetuniaF1. A miniature hybrid, covered with small numerous sinks, blooms a month less than other types of petunition, and completes its "career" at the end of August. This disadvantage is compensated by high decorative qualities, and high adaptability to any weather conditions. Also this variety is not required to preserve decorativeness.

Petunia Multi-Deck Medium Size

This group includes even ampeloids, but more often there are moderate grades that form the lush bushes of the rounded shape.

For example, it is:

• Furning black cherry.F1 -a rare black hybrid with flickering purple shades, growing up to 30 cm in height. Decorated with large velvet colors with a diameter of 6-8 cm. Refers to the class "Premium", and the price also corresponds to the stated class - from 20 rubles for one seven of this beauty.
• The sunF1 - Another bright representative of the middling group. You can grow the petunia of this variety even on a flat flowerbed, it will still be perfectly visible, as it reaches 35 cm in height. The "Sun F1" hybrid forms a compact bush, almost completely covered with large (up to 10 cm) with flowers. Perfectly transfers the transplant in the blooming state.

Cascade Petunia (ampel)

Here are combined by varieties that are used to land in suspended porridge. They are beautiful, spectacular, decorative, and so hardly that pots with these plants are decorated with the most lively crossroads of megacities, which does not interfere with the colors from abundantly and lush blossom throughout the summer. For our climate, experts recommend the following varieties and hybrids from this group, for which they do not have to hardly care:

• Ramble in Burgundy Chrome. Petunia whose bush is similar to Lian, has dense leaves of light green and purple flowers, with a matte glitter. It should not be segged, since this hybrid is evenly and beautifully grows into the width on the meter, and completely fills up all the surrounding space in this radius, forming a solid dense crown of colors. It is considered "Surfinia" - Petunia, blooming for several weeks before others.
• Supercade whiteF1. This hybrid can rise to a height of up to 45 cm, forming high spectacular cascades covered with huge (up to 13 cm), white colors with small yellowish splashes in the middle. It is necessary to adjust to the proper formation of the bush. Just like the previous hybrid, it begins to bloom early, and ends the bloom late, in mid-September.

Petunia varieties can be listed infinitely, so diverse. But going to grow this plant at home on the balcony or flowerbed, it is worth paying preference to zoned varieties, even to the detriment of their decorativeness, since "hot yuzhanki" can come together after landing, but their beauty will not be discolored, as the blossoms are poor, and rarely .

We make seedlings

The cultivation of petunition is not the simplest lesson that requires patience. But the result is worth - overseas beauties, dissolving beautiful flowers on the cotton flower beds or in Kashpo on the balcony will please others all summer.

They begin to engage in the seedy in February, and at the end of May they receive a flowering plant. You can grow young petunia and at home, without a greenhouse, she tolerately treat the rehased air apartments. To do this, apply planting equipment under the glass, since the required microclimate and temperature mode for gearboxes are created in the sequence.

To obtain a predictable result, when landing it is advisable to use seeds in granules, which is easier to distribute on the surface of the soil without damaging them. Also, in the shell, in which the seed is immersed, there is a complete set of necessary minerals and microfertilizers that contribute to successful germination, and the plant nutrition at the initial stage.

The soil is prepared as follows: take 1 part of the land of the garden with a neutral reaction, 1 part of the pumping manure and 2 parts of the river sand, which is desirable to rolling. Before use, the mixture is disinfected, waving on the street, or spill it with a warm solution of manganese. Some gardeners recommend the land for the cultivation of Petunia to spit with boiling water, but this is not the best option, since destroying harmful microorganisms, hot water also destroys useful soil connections, and rapidly flushes the necessary trace elements.

When growing seedlings at home, you can also use the purchase (universal) soil for colors as a nutrient substrate. A couple of days before the sowing of seeds, it must be poured into the boxes so that he will be good to settle. Divorce can not. In the prepared containers with the ground, granules with seeds pour themselves, distribute them along the surface of the soil, slightly pressing them into it, and spray from the sprayer. They put under electric light (solar is not recommended). Two weeks, when maintaining the air temperature in the room about 23 ° C, and regular spraying, first sprouts will appear.

In the seedlings phase, the care of Petunia is loosening, spraying with water in the first two weeks (young plants are too fragile for watering), and dive in the stage of two real leaves. A few days after the individual seating of seedlings, it is possible to make the first time of the petunition. For this, they take a complex nitrogen fertilizer, and make a liquid extractive feeder from it, diluing in accordance with the instructions. There are no restrictions on the choice of nitrogen-containing tanks at this stage, any (azophoska, nitroposk, ammonium nitrate) is suitable.

The feeders continue throughout the "seedy" period, observing the interval between them in 7-10 days. Nitrogen fertilizers can be alternating with a yellow crystal, which also spray the leaves of kids-petunias for better growth and survival of plants. Another useful feeder for Petunia seedlings are vitamins that can be bought in an ordinary pharmacy. Thiamine (B1) and vitamin B12 - they are bred in water in the proportion of 1:10, and several times a month spray the plant.

Video Petunia - Cultivation of seeds from seeds

Choosing a place and soil preparation in the garden

After the seedlings are grown, it is necessary to prepare a permanent place for transplantation. Well-drained fertile soil, and sufficient access of sunlight - such conditions are necessary for the cultivation of petunia in the open soil.

Soil preparation for seedlings

Soil in the place where you are going to plant this flower, you need to raise. To do this, along the contour, limiting the limits of future flower beds, the pegs are tightly pushed, or stick plastic or glass bottle of the neck down. Then, the obtained space is filled with a layer of gravel (or any plastic, wooden or glass garbage), and fall asleep with sand. A layer is not thicker 10 cm. The remaining capacity is filled with the prepared soil (a non-acid peat, biohumus and sand is added to the garden land in proportion 3: 1: 1: 1, respectively), pouring it off with a slide, so it will be easier to care for plants.

After the soil falls down, get the seedlings falling down. Do it is necessary in the evening or in a cool day. For the best survival of seedlings in the garden, in the first days it is slightly shared by any submitten way, watching not to damage her tender stems.

After seedling gothes, it is necessary to feed petunia for abundant flowering. To do this, use the following scheme:

1. Five days after the seedling falling into open ground, it is watered with a solution of azophoski (10 g per 10 liters), 0.5 liters in the well. Then the plant rests 3-5 days (irrevocated irrigated and loosening).
2. Calcium application contributes to the formation of larger and endless inflorescences. Therefore, it is necessary to at least once to feed the petunia of Calcium Selutyra at the root at the beginning of the growing season. This tuk does not whine the soil (which is detrimental for this flower), and contains in its composition nitrogen. Also, after a couple of weeks, this garden beauty is sprayed with a solution of calcium nitrate along the sheet, prepare a solution at the rate of 2 g by 10. In this form, this fertilizer protects against pests and top rot.
3. Three weeks after disembarking in the ground, the petunition is made by a spectal infusion. This natural fertilizer is brought to stimulate growth, since at this stage it is necessary to build a powerful green mass at which new zeroze will be formed. The nettical infusion can be replaced by any nitrogen-containing Tuk, and it is also free.
4. It is possible to carry out additional measures to protect from the slug, covering the wells with fresh coffee or a ground egg shell.

In an effort to achieve the maximum decorative effect, many gardeners try to intensively feed the petunia for abundant flowering throughout the season. Since this is a flower, not an edible plant, in principle, it is possible not to be modest, because extra nitrates will not go to the table, but will remain on the beds, and they will actively feed these beautiful flowers. But, you need to remember one thing - if you started an active feeding of petunition from the landing itself, it is impossible to stop. If it is unexpectedly stopped to make fertilizers in the usual volume for plants, their decorative qualities will noticeably affect. To reduce the costs of chemical fertilizers in a similar situation, you can take advantage of free natural resources - speckled innoral, ash, or inexpensive domestic products - for example, yeast.

Picker and Cutting Petunia

In addition to feeding, care for Petunia also assumes many other works. This loop, weeding and the seafront. To produce it correctly, it is necessary to determine where the plants are the main stem. Here it is necessary to break over lateral process, making a piece. After that, all the forces of the plant go to the side shoots that become lush, and bloom abundantly. Removing the main stem, it must be remembered that it needs to be left at least three - 5 processes, otherwise the formed bush will still look like liquid.

Do not throw the cuttings of petunia. They can be used as an additional planting material. In order to make the seedlings, it is necessary for a week - another to put them into the water that must be changed regularly. After the formation of the roots, young plants are planted into the garden on the flowerbed, or grow petunia in pots.

Another way to get rid of petunia from "superfluous" is trimming. It is held in the summer, at the end of June, so that the flower rests a little, and gained strength before the new blossom wave. The stems are slightly cut, only 1/3 of their length. The renewed bush in a couple of weeks will again be covered with flowers, and they will be blown up on new, more powerful and dense shoots.

Petunia on the balcony

Pay attention in summer to city balconies. Some of them adorn magnificent cascades from blue, white, yellow or pink colors. These are petunias that are perfectly growing even in small pots and porridge, and give gardens all the charm of a tropical garden in a tanned city.

To grow petunia on the balcony, it is necessary to observe the same sequence of actions as when it is cultivated in the open soil - in February, plant seedlings, and in May begin to temper the sawed bushes. The only difference is that the flowers can be immediately signed in constant pots or kashpo, in which they will grow on the balcony to the autumn itself.

Very often novice flowers complain that in urban conditions, Petunia does not bloom. The reason for this, most often serves that for her it is selected inappropriate place. This flower, despite its tropical origin, does not like the bright sun, and when overheating begins to save moisture, keeping it in stems, and does not form flowers.

The plant must be rearranged on the eastern, northern, or western sides of the balcony or loggia, In extreme cases, provide easy shading. It is necessary to feed the petunia for abundant flowering, but not as abundant like plants in the open soil, since in conditions of a limited amount of soil, an oversupply of mineral substances may occur, which is even more harmful than their disadvantage.

In order not to be mistaken with the dosage, when growing petunias on the balcony, it is desirable to use ready-made complex mineral fertilizers, such as "Agrikola 2", "Kemira Flower", "Garden of Miracles". With timely making fertilizers, watering and loosening, beautiful cascades from Petunia will delight their abundant blossoms throughout the summer.

Video: Petunia - varieties and care