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January 20, 2017 -
December 7, 2016 -

political map world shows the borders between countries, often gives information about the state structure and form of government. Foreign Europe, whose geography is studied in grade 11, includes 40 countries that have large differences in all these indicators.

Borders

The political map of Foreign Europe shows the borders between the countries that make up it. Foreign Europe has land borders with Russia and the CIS countries. The rest of the borders are maritime.

Most of the countries that form Overseas Europe are maritime.

The territory of the region is divided into four parts - Western, Northern, Eastern, Southern Europe. The formation of this division began a long time ago and was due to geographical, cultural and economic differences.

Rice. 1. Regions of Foreign Europe.

To date, the political situation in Europe is quite stable and significant changes are not expected in the near future. The photo shows a modern political map in Russian.

Rice. 2. Countries of foreign Europe.

Form of government and territorial structure

In addition to borders, using a political map, you can determine such characteristics of countries as the form of government and territorial structure. What do these terms mean?

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• Form of government is a system of organization state power country. Here the order of their formation, duration of action, powers are specified.
• Territorial device - a way of organizing the territory of the state. This is how the internal structure of the country is determined.

Today, there are two possible forms of government in the world:

• monarchy- when the country is ruled by a king;
• republic- in this case, the authorities are elected by the people.

There is a third form - the absolute theocratic monarchy. In this case, the supreme power belongs to the church. To date, there is only one state in the world with such a form of government, and it is located in Foreign Europe. This is the Vatican City State.

Among the monarchies are absolute and constitutional. In the first case, the power belongs entirely to the king. In the second, the king is subject to the laws of the constitution.

Republics are parliamentary and presidential. In the first case, the country is governed by a parliament headed by a president. In the second case, all power belongs to the president.

Rice. 3. The Vatican is the only city-state in the world headed by a church.

According to the territorial structure, they distinguish:

• unitary state: state administration comes from a single center and is not divided into regions;
• federation: there is a single control center and many fragments of the country subordinate to it, called subjects;
• confederation: represents a union of two or more countries.

Characteristics of European countries in the table

The country	Form of government	Territorial device
Bulgaria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Great Britain
Germany
Ireland
Iceland
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Macedonia
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
San Marino
Slovakia
Slovenia
Finland
Montenegro
Croatia
Switzerland

M - monarchy
R - republic
U - unitary
F - federation

As can be seen from the table, most of the countries of Foreign Europe are unitary republics. An interesting fact is that almost the entire Northern region is represented by monarchies. In the Eastern region, all countries are republics. In the Southern and Western regions, republics and monarchies are approximately equally divided.

What have we learned?

The political map of Foreign Europe is formed from 40 states that have borders between themselves and other regions. Countries have land and sea borders. The form of government is dominated by republics with a unitary organization of the territory.

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Detailed map of Europe in Russian with countries and capitals. Satellite map of European states and capitals. Europe on Google Map:

- (Political map of Europe in Russian).

- (Physical map of Europe with countries in English).

- (Geographic map of Europe in Russian).

Europe - Wikipedia:

Territory of Europe- 10.18 million km²
European population- 742.5 million people
Population density in Europe- 72.5 people/km²

The largest cities in Europe - a list of the largest cities in Europe with a population of more than 500 thousand people:

Moscow city located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 12,506,468 people.
City of London located in the country: Great Britain. The population of the city is 8,673,713 people.
City of Istanbul located in the country: Turkey. The population of the city is 8,156,696 people.
City of St. Petersburg located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 5,351,935 people.
City of Berlin located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 3,520,031 people.
City of Madrid located in the country: Spain. The population of the city is 3,165,541 people.
City Kiev located in the country: Ukraine. The population of the city is 2,925,760 people.
City of Rome located in the country: Italy. The population of the city is 2,873,598 people.
City of Paris located in the country: France. The population of the city is 2,243,739 people.
Minsk city located in the country: Belarus. The population of the city is 1,974,819 people.
City of Bucharest located in the country: Romania. The population of the city is 1,883,425 people.
City of Vienna located in the country: Austria. The population of the city is 1,840,573 people.
City of Hamburg located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 1,803,752 people.
City of Budapest located in the country: Hungary. The population of the city is 1,759,407 people.
City of Warsaw located in the country: Poland. The population of the city is 1,744,351 people.
City of Barcelona located in the country: Spain. The population of the city is 1,608,680 people.
City of Munich located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 1,450,381 people.
Kharkiv city located in the country: Ukraine. The population of the city is 1,439,036 people.
City of Milan located in the country: Italy. The population of the city is 1,368,590 people.
City of Prague located in the country: Czech. The population of the city is 1,290,211 people.
City of Sofia located in the country: Bulgaria. The population of the city is 1,270,284 people.
City of Nizhny Novgorod located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 1,264,075 people.
City of Kazan located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 1,243,500 people.
City of Belgrade located in the country: Serbia. The population of the city is 1,213,000 people.
Samara city located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 1,169,719 people.
City of Brussels located in the country: Belgium. The population of the city is 1,125,728 people.
Rostov-on-Don located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 1,125,299 people.
City Ufa located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 1,115,560 people.
City of Perm located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 1,048,005 people.
Voronezh city located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 1,039,801 people.
City of Birmingham located in the country: Great Britain. The population of the city is 1,028,701 people.
City of Volgograd located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 1,015,586 people.
The city of Odessa located in the country: Ukraine. The population of the city is 1,010,783 people.
City of Cologne located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 1,007,119 people.
City Dnipro located in the country: Ukraine. The population of the city is 976,525 people.
City of Naples located in the country: Italy. The population of the city is 959,574 people.
Donetsk city located in the country: Ukraine. The population of the city is 927,201 people.
City of Turin located in the country: Italy. The population of the city is 890,529 people.
City of Marseille located in the country: France. The population of the city is 866,644 people.
City of Stockholm located in the country: Sweden. The population of the city is 847,073 people.
Saratov city located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 845,300 people.
City of Valencia located in the country: Spain. The population of the city is 809,267 people.
City of Leeds located in the country: Great Britain. The population of the city is 787,700 people.
City of Amsterdam located in the country: Netherlands. The population of the city is 779,808 people.
City of Krakow located in the country: Poland. The population of the city is 755,546 people.
City of Zaporozhye located in the country: Ukraine. The population of the city is 750,685 people.
City of Lodz located in the country: Poland. The population of the city is 739,832 people.
City of Lviv located in the country: Ukraine. The population of the city is 727,968 people.
City of Togliatti located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 710,567 people.
City of Seville located in the country: Spain. The population of the city is 704,198 people.
City of Zagreb located in the country: Croatia. The population of the city is 686,568 people.
City of Frankfurt located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 679,664 people.
City of Zaragoza located in the country: Spain. The population of the city is 675,121 people.
City of Chisinau located in the country: Moldova. The population of the city is 664,700 people.
City of Palermo located in the country: Italy. The population of the city is 655,875 people.
City of Athens located in the country: Greece. The population of the city is 655,780 people.
City of Izhevsk located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 646,277 people.
City of Riga located in the country: Latvia. The population of the city is 641,423 people.
City of Krivoy Rog located in the country: Ukraine. The population of the city is 636,294 people.
City of Wroclaw located in the country: Poland. The population of the city is 632,561 people.
City of Ulyanovsk located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 624,518 people.
City of Rotterdam located in the country: Netherlands. The population of the city is 610,386 people.
City of Yaroslavl located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 608,079 people.
City of Genoa located in the country: Italy. The population of the city is 607,906 people.
City of Stuttgart located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 606,588 people.
City of Oslo located in the country: Norway. The population of the city is 599,230 people.
City of Dusseldorf located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 588,735 people.
City of Helsinki located in the country: Finland. The population of the city is 588,549 people.
City of Glasgow located in the country: Great Britain. The population of the city is 584,240 people.
City of Dortmund located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 580,444 people.
City of Essen located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 574,635 people.
City of Malaga located in the country: Spain. The population of the city is 568,507 people.
Orenburg located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 564,443 people.
City of Gothenburg located in the country: Sweden. The population of the city is 556,640 people.
City of Dublin located in the country: Ireland. The population of the city is 553,165 people.
City of Poznan located in the country: Poland. The population of the city is 552,735 people.
City of Bremen located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 547,340 people.
City of Lisbon located in the country: Portugal. The population of the city is 545,245 people.
City of Vilnius located in the country: Lithuania. The population of the city is 542,942 people.
City of Copenhagen located in the country: Denmark. The population of the city is 541,989 people.
Tirana city located in the country: Albania. The population of the city is 540,000 people.
Ryazan city located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 537,622 people.
City of Gomel located in the country: Belarus. The population of the city is 535,229 people.
City of Sheffield located in the country: Great Britain. The population of the city is 534,500 people.
Astrakhan city located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 532,504 people.
City of Naberezhnye Chelny located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 529,797 people.
Penza city located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 523,726 people.
City of Dresden located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 523,058 people.
City of Leipzig located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 522,883 people.
City of Hannover located in the country: Germany. The population of the city is 518,386 people.
City of Lyon located in the country: France. The population of the city is 514,707 people.
City of Lipetsk located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 510,439 people.
City of Kirov located in the country: Russia. The population of the city is 501,468 people.

European countries - list of European countries in alphabetical order:

Austria, Albania, Andorra, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vatican City, Great Britain, Hungary, Germany, Greece, Denmark, Ireland, Iceland, Spain, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Romania, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, Finland, France, Croatia, Montenegro, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Sweden, Estonia.

European countries and their capitals:

Austria(capital - Vienna)
Albania(capital - Tirana)
Andorra(capital - Andorra la Vella)
Belarus(capital - Minsk)
Belgium(capital - Brussels)
Bulgaria(capital - Sofia)
Bosnia and Herzegovina(capital - Sarajevo)
Vatican(capital - Vatican)
Hungary(capital - Budapest)
Great Britain(capital London)
Germany(capital - Berlin)
Greece(capital - Athens)
Denmark(capital - Copenhagen)
Ireland(capital - Dublin)
Iceland(capital - Reykjavik)
Spain(capital - Madrid)
Italy(capital - Rome)
Latvia(capital - Riga)
Lithuania(capital - Vilnius)
Liechtenstein(capital - Vaduz)
Luxembourg(capital - Luxembourg)
Macedonia(capital - Skopje)
Malta(capital - Valletta)
Moldova(capital - Chisinau)
Monaco(capital - Monaco)
Netherlands(capital - Amsterdam)
Norway(capital - Oslo)
Poland(capital - Warsaw)
Portugal(capital - Lisbon)
Romania(capital - Bucharest)
San Marino(capital - San Marino)
Serbia(capital - Belgrade)
Slovakia(capital - Bratislava)
Slovenia(capital - Ljubljana)
Ukraine(capital - Kiev)
Finland(capital - Helsinki)
France(capital - Paris)
Montenegro(capital - Podgorica)
Czech(capital - Prague)
Croatia(capital - Zagreb)
Switzerland(capital - Bern)
Sweden(capital - Stockholm)
Estonia(capital - Tallinn)

Europe- one of the parts of the world, which, together with Asia, forms a single continent Eurasia. Europe consists of 45 states, most of which are officially recognized by the UN as independent countries. In total, 740 million people live in Europe.

Europe is the cradle of many civilizations, the keeper of the most ancient monuments. In addition, many European countries have numerous beach summer resorts, some of the best in the world. From the list of 7 wonders of the world, most of them are located in Europe. These are the Temple of Artemis, the Colossus of Rhodes, the Statue of Zeus, and others. Despite the growing interest in exotic travel among tourists, the sights of Europe have always attracted and continue to attract history buffs.

Sights of Europe:

Ancient Greek Temple Parthenon in Athens (Greece), Ancient amphitheater Colosseum in Rome (Italy), Eiffel Tower in Paris (France), Sagrada Familia in Barcelona (Spain), Stonehenge in England, St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican, Buckingham Palace in London ( England), Kremlin in Moscow (Russia), Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, Louvre Museum in Paris (France), Big Ben Tower in London (England), Sultanahmet Blue Mosque in Istanbul (Turkey), Parliament House in Budapest (Hungary), Castle Neuschwanstein in Bavaria (Germany), Old Town of Dubrovnik (Croatia), Atomium in Brussels (Belgium), Charles Bridge in Prague (Czech Republic), St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square in Moscow (Russia), Tower Bridge in London (England), Royal Palace in Madrid (Spain), Palace of Versailles in Versailles (France), Neuschwanstein Medieval Castle on a rock in the Bavarian Alps, Brandenburg Gate in Berlin (Germany), Old Town Square in Prague (Czech Republic) and others.

It is cut by mountain ranges and plains. Along with the a large number of rivers and lakes. The highest mountains are the Alps (the highest point is the peak of Mont Blanc - more than 5000 km). The territory is surrounded by many seas, the Atlantic and North Arctic oceans. For many travel enthusiasts, it will be convenient satellite map Europe.

Contour map

Now let's take a quick look at what is contour map Europe. Only state borders are marked on it. You will be able to designate where and which state is located and put capitals, highlight the leading countries. Also compare objects with each other. Indicate where the peoples are settled.

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The political map is 43 independent states fully recognized by the international UN. They, in turn, are clearly divided into the countries of Western, Northern, Southern and of Eastern Europe by political and geographical factors.

There are various forms of government:

• Monarchies (Netherlands, Great Britain);
• Presidential (Russia) and parliamentary (Germany) republics;
• Papal State (Vatican).

The map of Western Europe is considered to include the following countries:

• Austria;
• Belgium;
• Great Britain;
• Germany;
• France.

Which countries are in Northern Europe?

• Denmark;
• Norway
• Sweden;
• Finland;
• Estonia and others.

The Northern Territory was represented.

Southern Europe includes:

• Andorra;
• Albania;
• Bosnia and Herzegovina;
• Spain;
• Italy and others.

On the map of Eastern Europe are such states as:

• Russia;
• Ukraine;
• Belarus;
• Poland, etc.

Capitals by country

Country	Cities	Population
Austria	Vein	1730000
Belgium	Brussels	1831000
Germany	Berlin	3470000
Great Britain	London	8417000
Ireland	Dublin	527000
Liechtenstein	Vaduz	5434
Luxembourg	Luxembourg	115000
Netherlands	Amsterdam	801847
France	Paris	2197000
Monaco	Monaco	975
Switzerland	Berne	7507000
Denmark	Copenhagen	569557
Norway	Oslo	634463
Sweden	Stockholm	1252000
Finland	Helsinki	621000
Estonia	Tallinn	442000
Latvia	Riga	641007
Lithuania	Vilnius	540000
Iceland	Reykjavik	202000
Andorra	Andorra la Vella	22615
Albania	Tirana	610050
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Sarajevo	275524
Greece	Athens	3362000
Italy	Rome	2870000
Vatican	—	900
Spain	Madrid	3273000
Portugal	Lisbon	547733
Malta	Valletta	5719
San Marino	San Marino	4041
Macedonia	Skopje	670000
Serbia	Belgrade	1234000
Slovenia	Ljubljana	287000
Croatia	Zagreb	790017
Montenegro	Podgorica	150977
Russia	Moscow	12330000
Ukraine	Kiev	2908088
Belarus	Minsk	1960000
Moldova	Kishinev	809600
Poland	Warsaw	1744000
Bulgaria	Sofia	1350000
Hungary	Budapest	1744665
Romania	Bucharest	1833000
Czech	Prague	1243000
Slovakia	Bratislava	462603

The largest cities are Istanbul and Moscow (13 and 12 million inhabitants), but the Turkish city, which does not belong to the continent, is partly in Asia. But among the capitals holds the leadership of the Russian - Moscow.

Historical map of the 15th century

First half of the 15th century

Has undergone significant changes in comparison with previous periods. The continent was inhabited only by Christian peoples. Thanks to the perfect discoveries, the countries have advanced a lot, their peoples have developed.

Second half of the 15th century

Since the 16th century, a new Christian direction has appeared. Modern civilization is emerging on the continent. French revolution continued the development of peoples: there was an idea of ​​​​new forms of government of countries.

16th century

Now the political map of modern Europe is quite large. Compare it to a 19th century map. recent history countries began in the 20th century. One can clearly see the rapprochement of the peoples of Russia and Europe: the Russian-European dialogue between the great states, begun in the 19th century, is being actively pursued.

Late 20th century

A map of languages ​​has been formed: the most common, apart from English, are French, Italian, Spanish, German, Russian. Available complete map languages, where 44 languages ​​of countries and more. Different peoples may speak similar dialects.

Rivers mostly with headwaters in high mountains. The longest is the Danube (2850 kilometers). Its course begins in the chain of the Alpine mountains. Further flows between the Carpathians and the Balkans, and flows into the Black Sea in Eastern Europe.

The remaining large bodies of water mainly flow into the North Seas:

• Oder;
• Elbe;
• Rhine;
• Wisla.

Many freeze. Of the non-freezing ones, the Seine can be distinguished. European rivers form a magnificent chain of picturesque canals.

To determine the amount of salts in water, a table of salinity of lakes is used. The highest score on the continent belongs to Lake Elton (Volgograd region).
There are no very large lakes on the map of the Western Territory.

There are quite large lakes:

• Vättern;
• Venern;
• Saima;
• Geneva;
• Balaton;
• Inari;
• Constance.

Vänern has an area of ​​5546 km2. More than thirty rivers flow here. The lake connects the waterway Gothenburg - the capital Stockholm.

car map

The road with the letter index E denotes the European road route(e.g. E40, E25, E75). The traffic flow is reinforced in all directions.

When moving, it is necessary to take into account which roads are completely free, which are paid and paid in separate sections. A feature of the German tracks is the complete absence of speed limits. Within the boundaries of most cities, the speed limit is 50 km/h.

Traveling on the roads of Europe, the map will definitely come in handy.

The recent history of European countries in the 90s of the 20th century was radically updated. The political map of Europe has changed. The European Union emerged - a supranational trade and political union of more than 20 countries. The leading countries of Western Europe are members of the European Union.

18 European countries have adopted the euro standard as their currency:

Foreign Europe is part of the European mainland and several islands, occupying a total area of ​​​​about 5 million square meters. km. Approximately 8% of the world's population lives here. Using the map of Foreign Europe by geography, you can determine the size of this region:

• from north to south, its territory occupies 5 thousand km;
• from east to west, Europe stretched for almost 3 thousand km.

The region has a fairly diverse relief - there are flat and hilly areas, mountains and coastal coasts. Thanks to this geographic location Europe has different climatic zones. Foreign Europe is in a favorable geographical and economic position. It is conventionally divided into four areas:

• western;
• eastern;
• northern;
• southern.

Each of the regions includes about a dozen countries.

Rice. 1. Blue color on the map shows Overseas Europe

Having traveled from one end of Europe to the other, you can visit the eternal glaciers and subtropical forests.

Countries of Foreign Europe

Foreign Europe was formed by four dozen countries. There are other countries on the European mainland, but they do not belong to Foreign Europe, but are part of the CIS.

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Among the countries there are republics, principalities, kingdoms. Each of them has its own natural resources.

Almost all countries have maritime borders or are located at a small distance from the sea. This opens up additional trade and economic routes. The countries of Foreign Europe on the map are mostly small in size. This is especially noticeable in comparison with Russia, China, the USA and Canada. However, this does not prevent them from being among the most highly developed in the world.

Rice. 2. Countries of foreign Europe

Almost the entire population belongs to the group of Indo-Europeans, with the exception of emigrants from other countries. Most of the population preaches Christianity. Europe is one of the most urbanized regions - this means that about 78% of the total population lives in cities.

The table below shows the European countries and capitals, indicating the number of inhabitants and the area of ​​​​the territory.

Table. The composition of foreign Europe.

The country	Capital	Population, million people	Area, thousand square meters km.
	Andorra la Vella
	Brussels
Bulgaria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
	Budapest
Great Britain
Germany
	Copenhagen
Ireland
Iceland	Reykjavik
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg	Luxembourg
Macedonia
	Valletta
Netherlands	Amsterdam
Norway
Portugal	Lisbon
	Bucharest
San Marino	San Marino
Slovakia	Bratislava
Slovenia
Finland	Helsinki
Montenegro	Podgorica
Croatia
Switzerland
	Stockholm

As you can see, the geographical picture of Foreign Europe is very diverse. The countries included in its composition can be divided into several groups according to their location.

• Inland, that is, without borders with the sea. This includes 12 countries. Examples are Slovakia, Hungary.
• Island, or completely located on the islands, are 4 countries. An example is the UK.
• Peninsular are wholly or partly located on a peninsula. For example, Italy.

Rice. 3. Iceland is one of the island nations of Europe

The most highly developed in economic and technical terms are four European countries - Italy, Great Britain, Germany, France. They are part of the G7 along with Canada, Japan and the United States.

What have we learned?

Foreign Europe - relatively small plot territory of the European mainland, including 40 countries. Most of them have maritime borders, some are located on the islands. The geographical location of European countries in most cases is favorable. Foreign Europe has a connection with the whole world.

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