Heating a house with wood is now mainly seen as a forced measure when there are no other energy sources. Why? Such heating is troublesome, heavy, takes time and effort. With the modern rhythm of life, such expenses are a great luxury, or lost money.

If the house has an ordinary small boiler or a stove, then in fact you need to work at home as a stoker, preparing and throwing timber every 3-4 hours.

Although firewood is cheap, it simply becomes unprofitable. Also, for many people, wood materials are not acceptable because heating maintenance and living becomes uncomfortable. But how to be? How to replace timber, how to simplify the process? Is it worth it to use organic matter for heating a house at all?

wood heating cost

Heating a house with wood is evaluated in different ways. Somewhere in a wooded area, you can generally harvest the forest yourself, as in epic times. And in industrial areas, good dry logs from birch, aspen, pine are no longer cheap - about 4 rubles per kilogram, or 4,000 rubles per ton, or 2,000 rubles per cubic meter.

Taking into account the efficiency of a wood-burning boiler of 70% (and this is if the heat exchanger is regularly cleaned of soot), then a decent amount of money will be spent on heating a small house with a forest in a year - 36,000 rubles (we take typical heat losses per season for a small house of 25,000 kW).

How much lumber is needed

If you plan to get 25,000 kW of energy to heat a small house in one season, then you need to prepare 18 meters of cubic firewood, or 9.0 tons. (25000 / 0.7 / 4 \u003d 9.0 tons, / 0.5 (density) \u003d 18 m3).

It is necessary not only to buy, but also to drag, put under a canopy or in a shed, bring it to the boiler for drying, throw it up, clean it, take out the ashes several times a day. And perhaps even chop?

What to buy

An important point. Dry firewood with a moisture content of no more than 20% was considered here. The calorific value of such material is not less than 4 kW per kilogram. But if the humidity is increased (freshly cut wood), then their calorific value drops sharply. At a humidity of 50%, - actually 2 times, 2.2 kW per kilogram of material.

Consequently, it will take 2 times more firewood, as well as labor, to burn them.

When buying wood, you should check their moisture content with a device, point out the discrepancy to the seller, demand a discount, look for a suitable product. The quality of firewood is mainly determined not by the type of wood, since the calorific value of different varieties is approximately the same, the difference is within 10%, but by their humidity.

Furnace process

Firewood is accompanied by a lot of dust, chips, debris, and this must be constantly cleaned and cleaned. Near the boiler, in the room, several woodpile is usually stored, with a margin of at least 2 weeks, so that they would additionally dry out for 14 days in a dry, warm room before entering the furnace.

During the combustion process, a lot of ash is formed - a bucket from a cubic meter. Ash is a fertilizer, and it is taken out to the site. It is necessary to monitor the amount of ash put into the ground, since exceeding the norms leads to leaching of the soil.

Cleaning the boiler should be done regularly, the frequency depends on the design itself and the type of firewood. But if you do not want the efficiency of the boiler to fall to 50%, if you want to maintain it at the level of 80 - 85%, you need to clean the heat exchanger from soot with enviable regularity.

An uninterruptible power supply to the circulation pump must be installed. In the event of a power outage, a heated wood-burning boiler will boil very quickly, which will lead to an accident. The circulation pump must run continuously.

How to make burning wood easier

Simplifying the process means throwing firewood less often, and using whole logs rather than chopped ones for the firebox. This is a level to increase the comfort of servicing the boiler. But in order to heat the house in this way, a special boiler is also needed - with a large combustion chamber.

It is also possible with forced air purge, the so-called. pyrolysis boiler. These boilers are expensive, automated, forced air, dependent entirely on electricity. They need a backup generator.

But you can not throw away a lot of money for “it’s not entirely clear why”, but purchase a modern Western-made boiler, special, with the largest combustion chamber. Such a boiler seems to be the best option in terms of price and ease of use, i.e. it will be possible to simplify life with the forest by making maintenance more rare, while not overpaying initially. To acquire a small and cheap one means only to be imbued with the desire to replace it as quickly as possible with something more worthwhile.

A few words about pyrolysis boilers

Manufacturers are now bullying buyers by labeling the so-called pyrolysis boilers with an unprecedented efficiency, however, not forgetting to prescribe the price next to it by 3-5 times more compared to a conventional boiler. But the truth is somewhere in the middle.


It is more correct to call such boilers blown, since pyrolysis must go with a lack of oxygen, but here, on the contrary, there is a blow. Another unpleasant fact is the blowing of ash with an air stream into the sky.

Those. there is practically nothing to take out of such a boiler, soot itself descends into the local area. Some say that ash simply does not form, but this is not true, since ash content is a characteristic of the material, and its amount does not depend on how it is burned. There are many other tales about these cauldrons that should not be believed.

Is the efficiency increased in pyrolysis boilers? - yes, increased, but not as much as the advertisement claims. They are more convenient compared to small boilers, as they require a relatively rare load.

Should I buy a pyrolysis boiler? In terms of price-convenience, of course not.

By the way, craftsmen can independently make wood-burning boilers with a large chamber, similar in characteristics to European models. You can look for such drawings, talk with welders ....

Optimal solid fuel firing mode

Worst of all, in cold weather, a round-the-clock boiler fire is required, and you need to wake up to do a proper firewood at night. But at the same time, there is a nightly tariff for electricity, possibly 1.7 rubles / kW.

The convenience of combining an electric boiler with wood heating is chosen by more and more people, they turn to installers with a request to connect an electric boiler to the circuit.

This is not difficult to do, since an automated electric boiler is not very whimsical. A typical diagram of connecting a wood-burning boiler together with an electric one is given.

The question is different - will the energy supervision allow additional capacity, and what kind? And also you need to include a night rate. But even 2 kW turned on at night will help a lot in heating the house.

Heating efficiency - how much is enough

It remains to be noted that no heating, including firewood, will help out if the building is not insulated. Above, not small heat losses of 25 thousand kW per season were indicated. But they correspond to an insulated building of 100 - 130 sq. m.

If it is not insulated, you need to think about how to overcome already 50 thousand kW, so that the temperature inside is at least somehow acceptable.

In general, for heating with wood, the area of ​​\u200b\u200ba medium-insulated house of 150 square meters is considered the limit. If the area is larger, then you won’t even “train” - too much timber consumption, you need to hire a stoker or think about coal or another source of energy.

Wood heating will for a long time be one of the main types of heating for small private houses where there are problems with connecting to the gas main. In many areas, no viable alternative to firewood is foreseen in the near future.

One of the most popular units for creating a heating system for a private house remains a solid fuel boiler for long burning on wood. It is especially convenient for heating a large building, to which it is impossible to supply main gas.

Modern units with a long-burning design are able to operate offline for many hours, which simplifies the operation of the heating system. But in order to choose the right boiler that will fully meet the needs for heat, it is necessary to at least roughly imagine its device and principle of operation. In addition, when choosing, many specific criteria are taken into account, which are also important to remember.

Why is a wood burning boiler sometimes the best option?

Of course, gas units are recognized as the best option both in terms of ease of use and the cost of an energy carrier. But, unfortunately, not all settlements of the country (and especially rural areas) are covered by gasification. In addition, supplying gas to the house, even in the presence of a central highway, is a rather difficult and costly task associated with the execution of numerous documents. Obtaining all permits and approvals, drawing up a project, as well as purchasing everything necessary for summing up an individual gas supply line will require a lot of time, nerves, and money.

Electric heating units, it would seem, can be used to heat any building to which electricity is supplied. Such boilers are easy to install, adjust and operate. However, their use also has its "pitfalls".

For example, to install high power devices (above 7 ÷ 9 kW), a three-phase power line is required. And this is again trips to authorities, drawing up a project, its coordination, approval and other “joys”. Another factor that cannot be ignored is the high cost of electricity, and it is growing every year. Therefore, paying for heating using an electric boiler can become an unbearable burden for the family budget.

In addition, it must be remembered that if a power outage occurs during an emergency, the house will be left not only without light, but also without heating.

A logical conclusion is that if it is impossible to use gas, a solid fuel boiler is more reliable and profitable when heating a private house. Moreover, the heating of housing with wood has been traditional for many decades, since there is no shortage of this fuel. Especially problems do not arise in regions rich in forests, in which there is always enough dead wood. And the purchase of ready-made firewood on the scale of the heating season will cost much less than paying for electricity.

That is why, even after installing gas heating equipment, many owners of old houses are not at all in a hurry to get rid of stoves and fireplaces, which are maintained in working order “just in case”.

However, a stove is not an option that can heat large areas of the house. Therefore, in order to achieve comfortable temperatures, several stoves had to be installed in the building, which were heated several times a day. Of course, this is not only difficult, but also extremely uneconomical.

This discomfort is eliminated by the creation of a full-fledged heating system, powered by a long-burning solid fuel boiler, which makes it possible to supply the whole house with heat from one place. Unlike a conventional furnace, such units are capable of operating from one fuel load up to 12 or even more hours. Thus, such a boiler will require attention twice a day, when the required amount of firewood is put into the furnace.

By the way, there are also such models of solid fuel units that are able to work on one tab of fuel for a day or more.

The advantage of solid fuel boilers is that almost all models can work not only on wood, but also on other types of solid fuel. For this purpose, pellets, peat briquettes, as well as the so-called "euro firewood" are produced on an industrial scale from wood waste.

Some types of coal are also used as fuel for these units, however, not all models are designed for it. Therefore, if you plan to use coal for heating, then you should choose the appropriate model, having studied its characteristics upon purchase.

The design and principle of operation of long-burning heating boilers

To understand how the boiler functions, as well as to facilitate the process of its future maintenance, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the design and principle of operation.

The principle of long burning is that, firstly, such boilers have a very large firewood loading chamber. And secondly, that the combustion of fuel does not occur immediately, but, as it were, is divided into two stages.

• Firewood (or other solid fuel acceptable for this model) is laid in the combustion chamber. This compartment should be filled to almost its entire volume. Only at the very loading window they try to lay out thin logs, wood chips, branches, etc. - to facilitate the initial ignition.

• Further, with the help of a torch or paper, the fuel bookmark is ignited. At this stage, a sufficient amount of air is supplied to the chamber, which is necessary for the occurrence of intense combustion.
• Once the fuel has been consumed, the air supply to this primary combustion chamber is reduced to a minimum. Due to this, the usual active burning of firewood stops and goes into the stage of thermal decomposition, in other words, smoldering.
• Under such conditions, smoldering wood during its decomposition releases very significant volumes of combustible gases with a high energy potential. This process is called pyrolysis, and the gases themselves (in which methane predominates), respectively, are often referred to as pyrolysis.
• If in conventional furnaces the resulting pyrolysis gases simply go into the chimney, then in long-burning boilers they enter the afterburner of a special design. Here, under the influence of high temperature and an excess of supplied oxygen (air), the gas mixture ignites, completely burns out with a very significant release of heat. As a result of a full cycle, there is practically no waste left from firewood, since their solid component is destroyed by smoldering to the smallest ash, and the gaseous component burns out intensively in the afterburner. This in total determines the high heat transfer of the boiler, its high efficiency.

It is the formed pyrolysis gases that are the main source of thermal energy, and it is their afterburning chamber that accounts for the main part of the water circuit heat exchanger. Although, of course, heat extraction begins in the primary combustion chamber.

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To make it more clear how such boilers are roughly arranged, you can consider the following diagram:

1 - boiler body with a reliable layer of thermal insulation.

2 - a window for loading firewood with a tightly closing door.

3 - chamber of primary thermal decomposition of wood (pyrolysis).

4 - an ash pan in which unburnt waste is collected.

5 - channel for the dosed supply of primary air, necessary to ensure the smoldering of firewood

6 - channel for supplying secondary air, necessary for the complete afterburning of bleached pyrolysis gases.

7 - afterburner chamber for pyrolysis gases.

8 - branch pipe for connecting the boiler to the chimney for the removal of gaseous combustion waste.

9 - branch pipe for connecting the "return" pipe of the heating circuit.

10 - branch pipe for connection to the heating circuit supply pipe.

11 - an additional heat exchanger, which is often used to connect an indirect heating boiler to a domestic hot water supply system

Of course, such a scheme is not at all some kind of dogma. The number of models offered for sale is large, and the layout can have very serious differences. In particular, the structure of the loading chamber, the direction of combustion of the fuel bookmark, and the location and design principle of the chamber for the secondary afterburning of pyrolysis gases may differ. Each model has its own design of "water jacket" or additional heat exchangers. But the principle of operation of the boiler still remains the same.

Before starting the operation of the selected model, it is necessary to carefully study the diagram of its device, which is mandatory included in the documentation accompanying this heating device.

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Varieties of designs of solid fuel boilers for long burning

From the information presented above, it is already clear that the main task in the operation of boilers of a similar design is to achieve the correct dosing of air flows: primary, entering the fuel chamber, and secondary air, responsible for the high-quality complete combustion of pyrolysis gases.

In models of different manufacturers, these tasks are solved in different ways. That is, the design of the boilers can be equipped with additional devices that balance the ongoing processes.

Prices for solid fuel boilers

solid fuel boilers

Boilers with forced air supply

One of the design options are boilers with a fan built into them, which is used to pump air. Distribution of air streams on chambers on internal channels is carried out by means of the automatic control unit.

Almost all boilers equipped with fans are arranged so that the main loading chamber is located in the central part of the structure.

Due to the presence of a fan, the fuel quickly flares up, and the heat-resistant materials that, as a rule, line its internal walls (porcelain concrete or fireclay) perfectly accumulate heat. The thrust created in the furnace constantly supplies the pyrolysis gas emitted by the fuel to the afterburner, which in some models is completely located below. At the entrance to this space, special ceramic nozzles are installed that can withstand temperatures reaching up to 1000 degrees.

When burning, pyrolysis gases heat the pipes of the water jacket. In turn, installed in the heating circuit and also connected to the automatic unit, it provides the required intensity of movement of the coolant throughout the heating system.

In some models of solid fuel boilers, the afterburner can be located at the rear or top of the boiler structure.

If the afterburner is located at the rear of the boiler, it has a rather complex design of heat exchange elements, which contributes to the rapid heating of the coolant. Due to this, a high efficiency of the device is achieved, sometimes reaching up to 90 ÷ 95%.

Such designs of boilers with electronic control have a large number of advantages, but they also have their own significant drawback - this is energy dependence. In the event of a power outage, the fans, the pump, and, of course, the entire automatic unit do not function, which leads to a suspension or complete stop of the movement of the coolant through the heating circuit. If a power outage is not uncommon for the area where the house is located, then it is necessary to have an autonomous power supply system - this may be an electric generator, which must always be kept in a state of full readiness. From infrequent and not too long interruptions, UPS specially designed for this purpose help - uninterruptible power supply battery packs.

Another serious disadvantage of a boiler with an electronic control system is its high sensitivity to voltage drops. Therefore, it is necessary to provide them with protection by installing a separate voltage regulator.

Voltage stabilizer - a guarantee of the correct operation of the boiler electronics

You should not spare money on this device - its cost is incomparable with the cost of a boiler saturated with electronics, and neglecting such a precautionary measure can result in much higher costs! How to choose - read in a special publication of our portal.

Non-volatile heating devices

To avoid dependence on the stability of the power supply, it is worth choosing long-burning units with the organization of natural air draft and equipped with a mechanical control system. There are many such models on the market. For example, these are boilers of a domestic manufacturer familiar to everyone with the name "Bourgeois-K" or "Trayan".

Prices for solid fuel boiler "Bourgeois-K"

These devices have a volumetric fuel chamber located in the lower part of the structure, under which there is a blower, which simultaneously acts as an ash pan. The damper for air access, located at the bottom of the door, is connected by a chain to the thermostat.

When igniting firewood loaded into the firebox, it is necessary to open the damper as much as possible to ensure active ignition of the fuel and start the pyrolysis process. To achieve it, a temperature of at least 200 degrees is required.

After ignition, the damper should be closed, minimizing the access of oxygen to the fuel chamber, transferring combustion to the smoldering stage. Further, as already described above, pyrolysis gases are released, which enter and ignite in the afterburner.

Thanks to this design, the heater is completely non-volatile, so even in the absence of electricity, the house will continue to be supplied with heat.

This type of boiler is inferior in terms of efficiency and fuel economy to volatile appliances, however, it is precisely its independence from the availability of electricity that makes it popular among consumers. In addition, you will also not have to pay for energy consumption, which will also help save on the operation of the heating system as a whole.

Solid fuel boilers with top combustion

Another option for the design of heating units is the original technological systems with the direction of burning firewood from top to bottom. A similar principle is used not only in many models of solid fuel boilers, but also in furnaces operating on the principle of long burning.

Boilers with top ignition, as a rule, have the shape of a cylinder located vertically. Almost all types of solid fuels are suitable for this type of heating units - these are firewood, briquettes, coal, wood chips, sawdust, etc. The chamber in such boilers has a very large volume, which allows them to operate on one load of fuel for a long time: this duration depends on the specific model and type of fuel. For example, some of them are able to work on wood from 24 hours to three days, and when using coal - even from three to seven days.

The working cycle of such a boiler can be represented in the following order:

So, such a boiler has a cylindrical vertically located body (pos. 1).

Through a special door (pos. 2) the selected fuel (pos. 3) is loaded into the chamber. At the very bottom there is a door (pos. 4), which serves to clean the chamber from ash before the next load.

If firewood is used for heating, then logs of large diameter are laid down and in the middle of the bookmark, and wood chips are loaded around them and from above. Then, with the help of paper, the upper thin firewood is ignited. To ignite the fuel, you can use liquids specially designed for igniting stoves.

In the upper part of the body there is an air supply channel (pos. 5) to the boiler, equipped with a valve. The valve can be manual or semi-automatic, operating on the principle of changing the configuration of a bimetallic plate under the influence of temperature. The air from this channel enters the heating chamber (pos. 6), where it is heated under the action of the heat generated by the boiler.

As soon as the surface burning of firewood begins, a special air distributor (pos. 7) is lowered onto the bookmark. This is a rather massive part made of a metal profile, inside of which there are channels for even distribution of air over the surface of the burning fuel. With its weight, the distributor rests on the burning bookmark, and as it burns out, it gradually sinks down. To do this, it is connected to the air heating chamber with a pipe of a special telescopic design (pos. 8).

The air heating chamber has a damper (pos. 9) that regulates the flow of secondary air to the upper part of the combustion chamber (pos. 10).

The pyrolysis gases released during the smoldering of the top layer of the filling rise to the upper part of the fuel chamber, where they meet with the hot secondary air flow coming from above. That is, all the necessary conditions are created for their complete afterburning with a large release of heat. After that, gaseous waste is discharged through the pipe (pos. 11) into the chimney.

The generated heat is transferred to the water jacket of the boiler (pos. 12), which is connected to the heating circuit of the system through the return pipes (pos. 13) and supply pipes (pos. 14).

As you can see, in fact, in this design there is no obvious division into a chamber for pre-combustion of firewood and final afterburning of gases - the total space is divided into these zones by the position of the air distributor, and the dimensions of these zones change during the operation of the unit.

Such models of boilers can also be equipped with a built-in fan that supplies air forcibly. However, even their work can be carried out in the presence of only natural draft. Therefore, the heating of the house will work even in the absence of electricity.

This design has shown its effectiveness, so some home craftsmen take it as a basis when creating their own products. A vivid example of this is the popular wood-burning stove with the unusual name "Bubafonya".

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A small overview of models of solid fuel boilers for long burning

In this section, we will consider several models of solid fuel boilers popular with the Russian consumer, which have proven themselves to be reliable and easy-to-use heating devices.

Solid fuel boiler "Stropuva S40P"

The heating boiler "Stropuva S40P" is a model of the Lithuanian company "STROPUVA", designed for heating rather large areas and capable of operating on coal, wood, as well as on wood and peat briquettes.

The boiler has a top combustion design and consists of two cylinders, one of which is inside the other. The space between the cylinders is, in fact, a water jacket, that is, a heat exchanger for the heat carrier of the heating system. In the inner cylinder there is a volumetric combustion chamber, into which air, supporting the surface combustion of the fuel bookmark, is automatically supplied through a telescopic distributor. As the fuel burns out, the distributor lowers, creating optimal conditions for its smoldering. In the upper part of the chamber, the final afterburning of pyrolysis gases takes place.

The boiler has a cyclical mode of operation; fuel is loaded into the combustion chamber manually.

The unit, due to its shape, has compact dimensions in plan, but has a considerable height - 1900 mm. Therefore, the room for its installation must have a sufficiently high ceiling.

Technical characteristics of "Stropuva S40P" are determined by the following parameters:

Parameter name	Indicators
Boiler type
Type of fuel used	firewood, coal, briquettes, eurofirewood, pellets
Number of circuits	one (heating only)
power, kWt	40
	400
Efficiency, %	85
Presence of an air blower	There is
Built-in circulation pump	No
	60
	95
	1.5
	steel
Chimney diameter, mm	200
Thermometer	There is
Control type	mechanical
Energy dependence	Yes
Presence of a safety valve	There is
Device weight, kg	308
	2120×680×680

The average cost of the device for 2018 is 105,000 ÷ 110,000 rubles.

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Solid fuel boiler "Buderus Logano G221-20"

Model "Buderus Logano G221-20" is a German-made solid fuel boiler, characterized by high stability and reliability in operation. The heater can operate on different types of fuel - wood, coal, briquettes and coke. The use of more heat-intensive fuels is permissible, since the boiler is equipped with a cast-iron heat exchanger.

The features of the solid fuel boiler "Buderus Logano G221-20" include the following points:

• Large loading volume of the fuel and ash chamber.
• The possibility of reinstalling the firebox door to the other side - sometimes it is necessary to do this for comfortable operation.
• Easy access to cleaning the furnace and blower space.
• This boiler model can be easily integrated into an existing heating system, for example, as a backup source of heating.

A whole line of Buderus solid fuel heaters of the Logano G221 series with different technical characteristics is supplied to the Russian market. Therefore, from them you can choose a unit that has the required power for heating for both residential and industrial buildings.

Specifications "Buderus Logano G221-20" are as follows:

Parameter names	Indicators
Boiler type	long burning solid fuel boiler
Type of fuel used	firewood, briquettes, eurofirewood, coal, coke.
Number of circuits	one (heating)
power, kWt	20
Maximum heated area, m²	200
Efficiency, %	78
Coke consumption, kg/h	3.9
Coal consumption, kg/h	3.6
Firewood consumption, kg/h	5.6
Maximum coolant temperature, ˚С	90
Maximum pressure in the heating circuit, bar	4
Primary heat exchanger material	cast iron
Chimney diameter, mm	150
Thermometer, manometer	There is
Control type	mechanical
Energy dependence	Yes
Device weight, kg	210
Linear parameters (height, depth, width), mm	1370×820×605

The average cost of such a device for 2018 is 110,000÷115,000 rubles.

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Solid fuel boiler "Protherm Bober 50 DLO"

"Protherm Bober 50 DLO" is a Slovak-made long-burning boiler made of cast iron. The device is designed for heating both residential and industrial facilities.

Efficient operation of the heater is guaranteed with the quality of its installation, as well as with regular maintenance throughout the entire period of operation. The boiler "Protherm Bober 50 DLO" is designed to work in a system with both natural and forced circulation of the coolant. Therefore, this model may well function even in the complete absence of power supply.

Thanks to the cast-iron heat exchanger, the sections are heated evenly, which increases the efficiency of the boiler up to 90%.

The housing is provided with a cooling circuit that prevents the temperature of the coolant from rising above 110 degrees.

Foiled mineral wool is used as insulation of the body, which contributes to an increase in the heat capacity of the unit and the safety of its operation.

The device is equipped with a special thermostat, the regulator of which is displayed on its cover. The required temperature mode is set manually.

Technical characteristics of "Protherm Beaver 50 DLO" are shown in the table:

Parameter names	Indicators
Boiler type	long burning solid fuel boiler
Type of fuel used
Number of circuits	one (heating)
power, kWt	35
Maximum heated area, m²	265
Efficiency, %	90
Maximum coolant temperature, ˚С	85
Minimum coolant temperature, ˚С	30
Maximum pressure in the heating circuit, bar	4
Primary heat exchanger material	cast iron
Chimney diameter, mm	150
Thermometer, manometer	There is
Control type	mechanical
Energy dependence	No
Device weight, kg	380
Linear parameters (height, depth, width), mm	935×740×440

The average cost of the device for 2018 is 95,000 ÷ 105,000 rubles.

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Solid fuel boiler of long burning "Teplodar Kupper OK30"

The unit, produced by a domestic manufacturer, is especially popular for use in private sector residential buildings with a small area. Its demand is explained not only by high technical characteristics, but also by an affordable price.

"Teplodar Kupper OK30" has a compact size, so it does not take up much space, and it does not have to build a separate roomy room. The device is able to efficiently heat the coolant within 20 minutes from the start of the furnace, which ensures that the rooms reach a comfortable temperature in a short time. The advantage of this heating unit is also that it can operate on any solid fuel, and if necessary, it can also be converted to electricity or natural gas - it is possible to install standard modules.

In practice, it has been verified that the optimally long life on one tab of this model is achieved when using two types of fuel simultaneously. For example, firewood is first laid horizontally in the combustion chamber, it is ignited, and then coal is filled through the upper loading channel.

Technical characteristics of "Teplodar Kupper OK30" are summarized in the table:

Parameter names	Indicators
Boiler type	long burning solid fuel boiler
Type of fuel used	firewood, briquettes, "eurowood", coal.
Number of circuits	one (heating)
power, kWt	30
Maximum heated area, m²	300
Efficiency, %	90
Water circuit volume, l	50
Maximum coolant temperature, ˚С	95
Minimum coolant temperature, ˚С	30
Maximum pressure in the heating circuit, bar	2
Primary heat exchanger material	steel
Chimney diameter, mm	150
Thermometer, manometer	There is
Control type	mechanical
Energy dependence	No
Device weight, kg	145
Linear parameters (height, depth, width), mm	1000×645×420

The average cost of the device for 2018 is 24,000 ÷ 30,000 rubles.

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Summing up - a few words about the advantages and disadvantages of wood-burning boilers

So, despite the wide range of appliances that use other types of fuel, wood-burning boilers do not lose their popularity. Manufacturers are constantly improving their products, supplementing them with innovative solutions that simplify the operation process and increase the efficiency of the units. Due to this, many of the models may well compete with electric and gas appliances.

Virtues such equipment can be considered the following:

• Long-burning solid fuel boilers have a high efficiency, which for some models reaches up to 95%, since thanks to the afterburning system, the loss of the energy potential of the fuel used is practically minimized.
• Devices can be called environmentally friendly, since natural resources are used for their firebox, emissions from which are well processed by plants.
• The autonomy of most boilers makes them independent of the availability of electricity.
• When installing units of this type, there is no need to go through lengthy procedures to obtain various permits and approvals.
• Solid fuel boilers can also have a double-circuit scheme, which will not only heat the premises of the house, but also supply the family with hot water. If this function is not provided for in the design of the unit, then it is easy to connect an indirect heating boiler to it.
• These devices are designed for a very long service life, measured in decades. They are unpretentious in operation and maintenance.

TO shortcomings solid fuel heating appliances include the following factors:

• Devices require constant monitoring of work, as well as timely loading of fuel into the combustion chamber.
• Mandatory cleaning of the fuel and ash chamber from combustion products is required before the next cycle of operation.
• The need to equip a high-quality ventilation system in the room where the boiler is installed, a well-thought-out chimney design.
• Almost all wood-burning boilers are large in size, so they need to equip a separate room or allocate a lot of space in one of the non-residential premises of the house.
• In addition, an equipped place for storing solid fuels will be required. Before each load, firewood stored outside must be brought into a room to dry for a certain period. Too wet fuel will significantly reduce the efficiency of the boiler, since the pyrolysis process may be defective.

Despite the possibility of installing gas heat supply, wood heating is still relevant. It is made in the absence of gas pipelines and in the presence of cheap wood energy. But how to professionally organize wood-burning heating of a private house with your own hands? Description of boilers, diagrams and reviews will help solve this problem.

How to do wood heating

Modern wood heating of a country house differs significantly from the old schemes. For this, large brick ovens are practically no longer used. They performed the function of a heat exchanger - heating up, their surface transferred heat to the air in the room. However, they were replaced by modern wood-burning heating in the country with the installation of boilers, piping, radiators and batteries.

A feature is the ability to use several types of structures for burning firewood - stoves, fireplaces or boilers. It all depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house, the possibility of placing heating devices and the budget of the entire event. In order to make wood heating a private house with your own hands, you will need to consider the following factors:

• Required heat output of the system. Depends on the degree of thermal insulation of the house, its volume and climatic features of the region;
• The need to organize a separate boiler room. It is important to know that a wood-burning boiler for heating a house must be installed in a separate room, which has special requirements;
• Place for storing firewood. According to safety regulations, it is forbidden to store solid fuel in the same room as the boiler.

What is the best choice - a wood-burning heating boiler for a summer residence, a fireplace or a stove? It all depends on the parameters of the building and financial capabilities. The best option is to make water heating, in which the boiler will perform the function of heating water. For a more detailed analysis, you should weigh the pros and cons for each type of heater.

Additionally, with heating, you can make a hot water system at home. To do this, you need to install a double-circuit wood-burning heating boiler.

Wood heating schemes at home

The key point in the design of wood heating is the choice of scheme. It depends on it - whether a wood-burning heating boiler will be installed with your own hands or whether a stove or a fireplace will perform its functions. To determine the optimal option, it is necessary to take into account all possible factors.

First of all, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building and the number of rooms are taken into account. Most often, wood-burning heating stoves for summer cottages are installed if there are a maximum of two rooms. In this case, it is not necessary to make a water heating system.

Consider the main factors influencing the choice of type of heating:

• Water. It consists of a boiler (stove, fireplace) connected to the pipeline. The transfer of thermal energy occurs due to installed radiators. The best option for a house with an area of ​​80 m²;
• oven. Wood burning stoves are used to heat the air in the room. They are characterized by low efficiency, small heating area. However, their arrangement requires the least effort. The exception is fireclay brick constructions. This type is used to heat houses with an area of ​​​​less than 60 m²;
• Fireplace. Analogue to furnace heat supply. The difference will be pumped in the size of the combustion chamber - it is much larger near the fireplace. In addition, heating a private house with a wood-burning boiler sometimes implies the presence of a hob in the design.

As you can see, the choice of option directly depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house. It should be borne in mind that the wood heating scheme can be upgraded. It is enough to install a heat exchanger in the furnace to make it possible to make a full-fledged water heat supply.

But the most common option is to install a wood-burning boiler for home heating. It is much more practical and easier to operate than a fireplace or stove.

For the normal operation of wood-burning heating of a country house, it is necessary to think over the chimney system in advance. The optimal diameter of the pipe and its height are taken into account.

Overview of solid fuel boilers

The defining component for water wood heat supply is the boiler. It is from its characteristics that the parameters of all wood-burning heating in a country house or house will largely depend.

Before drawing up the heating scheme, it is necessary to determine the operational and design characteristics of the boiler:

1. Construction type– classic or long burning. The cost of the latter is 50-60% more, but at the same time fuel consumption is significantly reduced, and the level of autonomy in work also increases.
2. Rated power. To do this, it is necessary to calculate the heat losses in the house, which should be compensated by wood heating for the dacha.
3. Design features- thickness of the metal, its composition, shape and volume of the heat exchanger.

An important factor is the cost of heating equipment. That is why, in frequent cases, home-made wood-burning heating boilers are made, adapted for a particular system.

To build a full-fledged wood-burning heating stove for a summer residence, you will need to fill in a separate foundation that is not connected with the main one. This applies only to cases where the mass of the future structure exceeds 600 kg.

Classic wood boilers

Often, reviews of a wood-burning heating boiler indicate their low efficiency in operation. Often this is due to the wrong choice of model and non-compliance with the rules of installation and operation. This is especially true for classic wood-burning heating boilers for summer cottages.

The principle of its operation is based on the transfer of thermal energy from burning wood to water in a heat exchanger. To do this, the following elements are provided in the design:

• Firebox. Firewood is laid in it for further combustion. Its volume determines the power of a do-it-yourself wood-burning heating boiler. The same applies to factory models;
• Ash pan. Performs two functions. The most important of these is the supply of air to support the combustion process. It is she who creates the thrust necessary for the normal operation of a home-made wood-burning heating boiler. The second task is to collect the ashes. Otherwise, it will clog the capacity of the furnace;
• Chimney. It is necessary for the removal of carbon monoxide, with its help air draft is formed. It is important to choose the right diameter of the chimney, because without this, the efficiency and efficiency of the wood-burning heating of a private house will decrease;
• heat exchanger. In classic models, it is an area located between the inner and outer casing of the boiler. It is filled with water from the system. To connect to the heat supply of the house, branch pipes are provided in the design.

The main problem in heating a private house with a wood-burning boiler is the inability to influence the power of the equipment. To do this, you can only limit the flow of air through the ash pan, thereby reducing the amount of oxygen surrounded. At the same time, the level of combustion of firewood will affect the power to a greater extent.
Before purchasing a boiler, you need to find out the maximum length of firewood that can be loaded into the combustion chamber.

Long burning wood boilers

An alternative to classic boilers are pyrolysis models. They also have the name of long-burning boilers. Their principle of operation differs from those described above and is based on the release of a mass of heat not from the combustion of firewood, but from the gas formed during their smoldering.

There is no ash pan in the design. Its function is performed by a special air channel, which in most cases has a fan. After loading firewood into the primary chamber, they are ignited. Due to the low oxygen content in this area, the firewood does not burn, but smolders, resulting in the formation of wood gas. It moves to the afterburning zone, where it ignites. In the same part of the double-circuit wood-burning heating boiler, there is a heat exchanger.

How do wood-burning stoves for a house with water heating differ from the design described above? The main advantage is the long combustion time of the fuel. In factory models, one load is enough for 4-6 hours of boiler operation. In addition to this, the following advantages can be distinguished:

• Possibility of power regulation. In wood-burning stoves, this happens by opening (closing) the ash pan door. In pyrolysis models, the degree of water heating is controlled by the air supply rate;
• Implementation of low-temperature heating operation. The level of water heating in classic models can reach +95°C. This mode is currently considered ineffective. With normal thermal insulation at home, the optimal mode should be 65/50. This will reduce energy consumption;
• Practical complete fuel burnup. Unlike wood-burning stoves for a house with water heating, the intensity of chimney pollution in pyrolysis boilers is much lower.

The main disadvantage of long-burning boilers is the high cost. However, if you calculate the operating costs, fuel consumption - the economic efficiency of their installation will be obvious.

For the normal operation of wood-burning heat supply of a country house with pyrolysis boilers, it is necessary to equip it with an automatic fan intensity controller. It can be connected to external temperature sensors.

Rules for organizing a boiler room for wood-burning heat supply

The professional organization of wood-burning heating of a private house independently implies the arrangement of a boiler room. This should be a separate room in which the boiler and the means of regulating its operation are located.

If wood-fired heat supply to the cottage is done according to the gravity scheme, the boiler should be located at the lowest point in the system. There are no such requirements for forced heat supply. You should also prepare the room in which the heating equipment will be installed. It must meet the following requirements:

• Ceiling height - at least 2.5 m;
• Usable area - from 6 m². At the same time, its minimum volume should be 15 m³;
• Forced ventilation. The air exchange rate is three times the volume during the operation of a wood-burning boiler for heating the house;
• Chimney parameters. The minimum height is 4 m. The diameter depends on the connected boiler nozzle, but not less than 100 mm;
• For carrying out preventive and repair work, it is necessary to provide free access to all sides of the wood-burning boiler for summer cottages;
• Lighting should be combined - natural and artificial.

An important point is to ensure fire safety. For this, it is necessary to use only non-combustible materials for finishing the room. If electric elements are used in heating a private house with a wood-burning boiler, a power line should be provided. Installation of the ground loop is carried out only at the request of the manufacturer.

One of the problems in the operation of a wood heating stove is the likelihood of back draft. To minimize this effect, it is recommended to install a special design on the chimney.

Making a wood-burning boiler with your own hands

Is it difficult to make a wood-burning boiler for the house with your own hands? The main condition for this design is the thickness and grade of steel used. In factory models, the outer case is made of heat-resistant steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm. For a heat exchanger, these parameters should be greater - from 2 mm.

The best option is to create a welded structure, which will be similar in shape to factory models. However, if we calculate the labor intensity of work and the cost of materials, the difference between buying and self-manufacturing will be low. Therefore, as an alternative to wood-burning stoves for a house with water heating, simple steel barrels are often used. The main condition is the thickness of their wall - from 1.5 mm.

For manufacturing, a capacity of about 200 liters is required. It is cut lengthwise and a partition is installed inside. Its length should be less than the length of the barrel. This is necessary for the installation of grates.

Then holes are cut on the front side for mounting doors. They should be selected in advance so as not to be mistaken with the sizes. To remove carbon monoxide, a chimney is cut into the back of the structure. Its diameter can be from 50 to 100mm.

However, judging by the reviews of such a wood-burning heating boiler, the following disadvantages can be noted:

• Low efficiency;
• Heating of the body, which can cause burns when touched;
• Short service life.

Similar designs are used for heating small utility rooms - a garage, a warehouse, etc. For the home, it is best to purchase a factory-made quality model. It will comply with modern wood heating schemes.

Before making a homemade wood-burning boiler for a heating system, it is necessary to calculate the optimal dimensions of the furnace.

Heating of private housing can be organized in several ways. But the owners of country houses often prefer traditional wood heating. Logs in many Russian regions are the cheapest and most affordable fuel. However, the classic oven is no longer in great demand today due to low efficiency. A modern wood-fired long-burning boiler is more productive and requires less attention. It is he who is best chosen for the installation of the heating system of his cottage.

Description and principle of operation of long-burning boilers

Classic wood-burning boilers, fireplaces and stoves require constant supervision. They need to throw new logs every few hours. Plus, as a result of the operation of these heating devices, a considerable amount of ash and slag is produced, which must be regularly removed from the blower and taken out of the house.

Appearance

The functioning of long-burning boilers is based on limiting the flow of air into the furnace. As a result, wood does not burn quickly in them, as in an ordinary stove, but slowly smolders. The time of complete burning out of one bookmark of firewood increases several times. Plus, most of these boilers also have a large combustion chamber for laying fuel. As a result, it is required to lay logs only once every 6–20 hours.

Principle of operation

In fact, a long-burning wood-burning boiler does not burn firewood inside itself, but the gases formed during the smoldering of wood. At the same time, their combustion temperature, and hence the heat transfer for the heating system of a heated house, is much higher than that of ordinary logs. Plus, the tree as a result of such thermal decomposition practically does not form ash. Wood fuel is almost completely transformed into water vapor and carbon dioxide.

Types of wood-fired boilers

All long-burning boilers on wood are divided into two main types:

Top burning.

Pyrolysis.

In heating boilers of the first type, the direction of the flame and the outlet of gases are oriented from top to bottom. Structurally, this is a high firebox with a heat exchanger in the middle. When loaded into it, a large amount of firewood is laid, which are then set on fire from above.

And then, as a result of slow burning, the logs gradually sink to the bottom in the form of a small hill of ash. Air draft in such a boiler is usually natural. But there are also models with forced air pumping fans into the furnace.

Heating wood boilers of the second type are divided inside into two adjacent combustion chambers. In the initial, pyrolysis gas is formed from smoldering wood, and in the secondary, it is burned to produce heat. The coolant for home heating batteries is heated here just in the second furnace. The efficiency of installations in both cases reaches 90–100%.

Various types of solid fuel

In addition to firewood, many models of the boilers in question are also designed to burn peat, wood pellets and even coal. However, it is impossible to put in them, for example, roofing material, rags in gasoline or other material for quick ignition. Wood should slowly smolder, not burn.

Multi-fuel wood-fired heating boilers allow you to use different types of fuel as needed. But they cost more. Long-burning furnaces are generally expensive equipment. This is their main drawback.

Pros and cons of wood burning boilers

In terms of efficiency, modern wood-fired boilers are in no way inferior to gas and electric counterparts. The efficiency in all cases is approximately the same. However, in order to bring main gas to the house, you will have to go through lengthy agreements with obtaining technical conditions for connection. Plus, you still have to conclude a special contract for the maintenance of gas appliances for heating.

With electrical networks, it is still more difficult. If they are not designed to supply the required kilowatts to the boiler, then when laying additional wires and all related equipment, it will not take long to go broke. With wood fuel, everything is much simpler - you don’t need to coordinate anything, I purchased a heating unit and installed it myself in my home.

Long-burning boilers have a lot of advantages, among which stand out:

High degree of combustion of firewood;

A minimum of harmful emissions into the atmosphere (almost everything burns in the furnace);

The presence of automation with the ability to fully control the temperature of the coolant and in the combustion chamber;

Long service life of the boiler on one tab (up to 20 hours);

High heat dissipation and efficiency;

Versatility (this technique is suitable for heating cottages, baths, garages, etc.);

Cheapness of fuel;

Unpretentiousness of service.

If the wood-burning boiler in question is operated in accordance with all the rules, then its service life will exceed two to three decades. Rather, the corrugated roof will rust from the rain than the firebox of such a unit will burn out. It is only necessary not to skimp on automation, the task of which is to prevent overheating of the equipment.

Among the disadvantages of these wood-burning boilers, it should be noted:

The high price of equipment;

The need to equip a separate furnace and woodshed;

Demanding on firewood (they must be dry).

Any heating boiler is far from ceramic blocks in the walls of a cottage that do not require any maintenance. Despite the presence of automation, equipment for heating the coolant requires attention. It needs to be monitored and controlled. Plus, every wood-fired boiler must be regularly cleaned from ash and soot accumulating inside. In this, it is much inferior to competitors on gas and electricity.

Features of the operation of a wood-burning boiler

If a wood-burning boiler has a fan for forced air supply, then it is volatile. It needs constant electrical power. If there are power outages in the village, then it is better to choose a simpler, albeit slightly less productive model. Or you will have to take care of the presence of a small diesel generator.

The heat exchanger of a heating wood-burning boiler is made of steel or cast iron. The steel version is lighter, but more prone to corrosion and less durable. It is better to give preference to a cast-iron counterpart. It will definitely last longer. He is only afraid of sudden changes in temperature, from which the heat exchanger made of cast iron can crack.

By itself, a long-burning solid fuel boiler can weigh up to 400–500 kilograms. Plus, the weight of firewood and water in the heat exchanger is added to this mass. For the installation of such a furnace, a specially equipped base is required. It is impossible to put such a heating boiler on an ordinary wooden floor.

In some cases, it will be necessary to fill in a special foundation for the heater. Moreover, it is simply unacceptable to use bricks or foam concrete blocks for the construction of this foundation. Only concrete is suitable here. Otherwise, the technique in question is a good option for heating the coolant. Such equipment is suitable for heating both cottages and cottages, garages and outbuildings.

When choosing heating devices for supplying the house with hot water and heating, the homeowner is guided, first of all, by considerations of the appropriateness of the device in a particular case. It is necessary to calculate the economic issue - how much the equipment, its installation, maintenance will cost. It is important and technically justified to choose a boiler so that its performance is sufficient to solve the main task, and at the same time, you do not have to overpay for unnecessary options and excess power. In some cases, it is convenient to use a system where the energy carrier is natural wood. Especially in those areas where there is no gas supply line or there are power outages.

Source anatomycharty.com

Types of wood boilers

Do not confuse the device with the oven: it has a different principle of operation. If the stove heats the air, then wood-burning boilers for the home are designed to operate a water heating system. Hence a different approach to the design of equipment. The heat exchanger is located in the zone of air overheating. The natural or forced movement of water in the system carries it through the pipes to the heating appliances in the home. Having given up part of the energy, the chilled water returns to the boiler, where it is brought to the desired temperature. The fluid circulation scheme is designed based on the design of the heating device. For this reason, it is recommended to purchase a wood-burning boiler for heating a private house with batteries before installing the heating wiring.

The most important indicator of the operation of the boiler is its efficiency, which largely depends on the design of the combustion chamber and heat exchanger. It is customary to divide equipment intended for firewood into the following types:

1. Classical.
2. Boiler with top ignition for long burning.
3. Pyrolysis.
4. Long-burning boiler with an extended firebox.

Source msk-kamin.ru

In addition to differences in design due to the principle of operation, devices can be equipped with additional parts. For example, pellet boilers are often equipped with automatic fuel supply. Some models have sensors that inform about current processes, helping to mount a remote control system. Today, wood-burning boilers for home heating are efficient, modern devices that successfully compete in performance with the best examples of gas and electrical equipment.

Traditional design, reminiscent of an oven. The main metal container or a separate device connected to a separate storage tank is used as a heat exchanger. Efficiency depends on the correct arrangement of structural elements, their dimensions, the system of regulation and control over the combustion process. The draft damper is installed in a position where the exhaust air flow is sufficient to prevent combustion products from entering the room. Excessive speed of movement of convection flows is undesirable, since thermal energy will not have time to give the heat exchanger the required amount of heat. Strong draft will blow hot air outside. System efficiency is reduced and fuel consumption is greatly increased.

Source gorodvitebsk.by

This design refers to long-burning devices. A characteristic feature of the boiler with top ignition is a fairly large volume of firewood and a controlled combustion process from top to bottom. The flame spreads more slowly. The metered air supply does not allow the rapid spread of open fire, it is enough to maintain a certain level of combustion. As the top layer is consumed, the firewood located below begins to be included in the process. A high-quality top-burning boiler can operate on one tab for up to two days.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer home insulation services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Source tr.skopelitissa.com

Modern productive system based on the double combustion principle. When wood is burned, gas is formed, which in a conventional firebox is discharged into the chimney. At the same time, it has the ability, under certain conditions, to also give off energy during combustion. The design of the pyrolysis boiler consists of two compartments. In the first, wood burns, in the second, the gas it releases. This design is often called a gas generator. Provides more complete combustion of fuel. The efficiency of the device is higher than that of a traditional boiler. A more complex design will cost a little more, but will quickly pay off with lower fuel consumption. Such a boiler for heating a private house on wood is considered the most productive and economical.

Source project.ru

The principle of operation is similar to the device with top ignition. The special design of the firebox allows you to place firewood in such a way that the spread of an open flame horizontally is difficult. This also contributes to the minimum air supply. The fire gradually moves from one edge of the firebox to the other. In contrast to the traditional design, the time of return of the potential energy of one tab is much longer. The simplicity of the boiler and high efficiency make it attractive for those who do not want or are not able to constantly control the combustion process. Manufacturers are trying to offer models with a single daily load, which is very convenient for both a country lady of permanent residence and temporary housing, for example, a summer residence.

Source aquatools.com.ua

How to choose the right model

When buying, you should be guided by all the data about the features of the models that will be important during operation. From the ability to install in a prepared room to the quality of the wood burned. The choice of a particular model is determined by the following economic and technical characteristics:

1. Price. The cheapest are classic designs. They are 2-4 times cheaper than pyrolysis counterparts.
2. Boiler weight. Steel construction is lighter than cast iron. The heaviest models are some types of pyrolysis boilers. Weight can reach 500 kg. This factor should be taken into account when buying. The floor in the boiler room must be adequately reinforced.
3. Power. It is generally accepted that 1 kilowatt is needed per 10 m 2 of area with an average energy efficiency of housing. In regions with a harsh climate, a correction factor is applied. Sometimes it can be up to 2 units. A high level of thermal protection, on the contrary, will reduce the average value. For a "smart home" you can apply a coefficient of 0.5-0.7.
4. Manufacturing material. Steel boilers are noticeably cheaper. The metal burns out faster, and the service life of such a device is about 20 years. Cast iron is more resistant to high temperatures and will withstand 35 years of regular use, besides it is more inertial. It warms up more slowly, but cools down longer, which in some cases is very beneficial.

Source cryptopia.ru

The market is widely represented by universal models that can work on both ordinary wood and pellets. Pressed granules are energy intensive and take up less space during storage. In terms of cost, with the same amount of energy produced, the costs are comparable if firewood is purchased at market prices. The range of offered products is extremely wide. Wood-burning boilers are also produced by domestic manufacturers, in particular, one of the oldest enterprises in Russia, OJSC Kirovsky Zavod, and leading foreign companies.

Video description

More information about choosing a wood-burning boiler - in this video:

Wood boiler installation

Fundamentally, the installation of the device does not differ from a similar operation with gas equipment. However, some nuances should be taken into account. The energy carrier for a gas boiler comes through a pipe from the main route and does not require any effort from the user. During combustion, combustion products are not collected. Firewood, on the other hand, requires a separate storage place with recommended conditions. It is best to keep them in a dry place. High humidity reduces the efficiency of work, since part of the energy is spent on drying the wood. The laying of fuel in the boiler, the removal of ash is done, strictly observing the fire safety technique.

Particular attention is paid to the ventilation system and the design of the chimney. When burning, a large amount of substances harmful to health is released. They are not allowed to enter residential premises. Modern boilers from leading manufacturers are equipped with reliable protection systems and sensors. However, wood-burning devices are not recommended for installation in rooms combined with living space. A steel sheet is laid out under the boiler within a radius of at least 1 meter. When communicating with a standard heating system, conflicts do not arise.

Source maltavista.ru

Maintenance and care of the wood boiler

The main problem in the operation of equipment is the timely removal of combustion products. Ash is removed regularly. The high content of organic matter in natural wood leads to rapid contamination of pipelines. The chimney becomes clogged several times faster than when using a gas boiler. With certain skills and the available tool, this operation can be carried out independently. If this is not possible, then specialists are called. If the chimney is operated with a gas boiler running, then the successful configuration of the pipeline allows the operation to be carried out every few years. Wood burning devices require more frequent intervention. Depending on the design, the chimney is cleaned 1-2 times a year. If, with such a schedule, a significant decrease in the efficiency of the system is noticed, you should contact the professionals in order to modify the route, improve the performance of the removal of combustion products.

For a year, 10-15 m 3 of wood is spent on heating a house. Prepare it in advance. Care should be taken that the fuel is stored in a place protected from precipitation. The canopy will suffice. Good ventilation during installation also contributes to effective drying. The type of tree is of great importance. Softwoods such as pine, spruce, cedar are not among the best fuels, but they are inexpensive. Deciduous species - birch, beech, oak, ash give a large return of heat. These rocks are considered valuable, and only waste and non-commercial materials are used as fuel.

Source vsaunu777.ru

Economic benefits when using a wood-burning boiler

It is no coincidence that many reputable manufacturers have launched the production of equipment in this category. Demand for it is high not only in Russia and the CIS countries. Today, wood-fired boilers for a home with water heating are successfully operated in many regions of Europe, America and Asia. The secret is simple - the high prices for gas and electricity have led to the fact that the maintenance of the corresponding equipment is expensive. In many countries, the production of pellets from the waste of the woodworking and furniture industry has been established. The pellets take up little space and are highly energy efficient. Moderate prices make their application extremely attractive. The cost of heating a house of 100-150 m 2 with firewood at an average market price is 10,000 -15,000 rubles. This is even lower than when using gas, although it is considered to be the most cost-effective energy carrier. In practice, it turns out that using a high-performance wood-burning boiler of the latest generation is more profitable than connecting gas equipment. Electricity will cost even more.

Source stroi-archive.ru

In regions where cheap timber is available, these figures are even more impressive. In some areas, a quota for self-procurement of fuel is provided. There are many woodworking enterprises operating throughout the country, for which a constant problem is the presence of a large amount of waste. Not all enterprises in the industry have established complete processing lines. If there is such a production in the neighborhood, then installing a wood-burning boiler will significantly save the family budget.

Conclusion

Some inconvenience is the need to regularly harvest fuel for the future, lay wood in the boiler. However, in reality this is not a big problem. Housekeeping in a private house, in a country house, involves permanent work, in contrast to living in a city apartment. It will not be difficult to allocate a few minutes to maintain heat, especially if it turns out to be cost-effective.