More recently, an accessible house project could only be found in standard drawing albums. All these structures were of the same type and faceless. Not every person could build according to such projects, because for this it was necessary to have at least some construction education and be able to understand the drawings and technical terms.

We want to revolutionize the world of design and construction. Now, almost anyone who wants to build a house with their own hands can get a complete project of such a structure with a detailed description of all stages of construction. We will describe each stage in such detail and fully that even a person who is not very well versed in construction will be able to realize the house of his dreams.

General information about the house

The affordable project of the house is presented in the form of a one-story house with two side verandas. The foundations are made in the form of a continuous reinforced concrete monolithic tape. The outer walls of the house are designed from porous blocks POROTHERM 51, and the walls of the veranda are made of wooden beams with additional insulation using rigid mineral wool boards. All internal walls are built of solid clay bricks. The roof of the house is designed as a simple gable roof with a supporting frame made of a wooden truss structure.

As for the exterior finish, the project of the house provides for the use of decorative plaster as wall cladding, followed by its painting with facade paints. Plinth finishing - decorative plinth tiles. Sheathing of the verandas and the gable of the house can be made of siding or clapboard for outdoor use. The choice of roofing depends on your preference. It can be a metal tile, and a professional flooring, and a flexible bituminous tile. However, it is worth remembering that in the case of using flexible roofing materials, it is necessary to arrange a continuous crate along the rafters.

The design of the project is carried out according to certain rules. Separately, it is necessary to pay attention to the title page, since it, by right, can be considered any creative or design work. How is the design of the title page of the project? Let's try to find the answer to the question.

Front page requirements

First you need to choose a font size. Depending on the purpose of the project, its type, there may be some differences in the font size. The font used is Times New Roman, size 16. The main text is centered on the page. The project design rules require the placement of the full name of the educational institution (organization). An important point is setting the margins on the page. Depending on the requirements for a particular project, the size of the fields can be selected automatically, as well as manually configured.

Criteria

The classic option is considered the upper and lower parameters of twenty mm, the indentation on the right side is fifteen millimeters, on the left - thirty mm. The magnification on the left is necessary so that the submitted work can be attached to the binder.

Next, the cursor is placed in the middle of the page, the font size changes from 16 to 24. The author indicates creative, scientific, abstract. The next line indicates the title of the work without quotation marks and a dot, 28 font size is used.

Stepping back about six lines to the bottom of the page, you need to enter information about the author of the work, as well as about his supervisor.

The last line of the title page is given to indicate the year of the work. This is a classic project design. A sample title page is shown in the photo.

Depending on the rules established by the educational institution or the organizer of the conference (competition), some nuances are allowed in the design of the title page.

Titles in the project

Project design requirements require headings to be written in bold. It is printed with a capital letter; a period is not put at the end of the sentence. Note that word wrapping is not allowed in the headings of individual chapters of the project work. Between the main text and the title of the section, you need to make an indent of two intervals.

Making a creative project involves writing each chapter on a new page. Chapters are numbered in Arabic numerals, and paragraphs are indicated by double numbering. If they contain additional items, triple numbering in Arabic numerals is used.

Using abbreviations in design

The design of the project involves the use of abbreviations only in exceptional cases. For example, you can use them when specifying the literary source that the author refers to in his project. When using information about co-authors, first indicate their initials, then write the person's last name.

The design of the project allows the use of economic and mathematical formulas, but they must have a decoding of each character.

Application design specifics

The rules developed for creative projects allow the use of sketches, diagrams, graphs, photographs, drawings at the end of the project. First, the literature list is indicated, after it, applications are placed on separate sheets. Each of them must have a name. In the upper right corner indicate the number (for example, application 1), then its name.

Pagination

Accompanied by an indication of the number of each sheet. It is not put on the first sheet, so the numbering comes from the table of contents. The classic option is the location of the number in the center at the bottom of the page.

There should be no additional decorations: frames, font changes, underlining, different colors when designing a design work. In this requirement, the authors are often mistaken.

School Project Features

We will give an example of project design below, first we will dwell on some features of school creative work. Its structure uses the same requirements that apply to scientific and design adult work. On the main sheet indicate the name of the school, as well as information about the teacher-adviser, under whose leadership the project was made. The main text contains references to literary sources. The project allows the use of five applications, which are indicated at the end of the project, are numbered, have names.

Table of contents example

1. Introduction. Page 3-4

2. Types of engines used in modern vehicles.

2.1 Characteristics of the gasoline engine. Page 4

2.1.1 Composition of exhaust gases. Page 5

2.1.2 The impact of exhaust gases (CO/CH) on the environment and human health. Page 5

2.2. Characteristics of the electric motor. Page 5-6

2.2.1 Advantages of the electric motor. Page 6

2.2.2 Environmental characteristics of the electric motor. Page 6-7

3. Experimental part of the work. Page 7-10

4. Conclusion.

4.1 Conclusions on the research problem. Page 10-11

5. Bibliographic list. Page 12

6. Applications.

Annex 6.1. Appearance of a gasoline engine. Page 13

Appendix 2. Appearance of the electric motor. Page 14

Project abstract example

In addition to the project work itself, it is important to correctly highlight its main content with the help of theses. Depending on the purpose of the project, there are also certain requirements for abstracts. We offer a variant of theses for a school project.

Let's demonstrate a version of the work on the topic: "The influence of temperament on the choice of profession in adolescence." The title must contain all the information about the author:

• surname, name and patronymic, address, position, place of study, electronic contacts;
• the data on the supervisor are specified in the same way;
• do not forget that the organization is published on the main page of the project, where it will be demonstrated or defended.

It is mandatory to demonstrate the relevance of the work. On the example of a given topic, it can be clarified that the problem of professional self-determination is relevant in a modern school. Many guys want to get in-demand specialties, regardless of their interest, inclinations and abilities. Children get the desired profession, but they cannot take place in it, realize their talents. Therefore, an important part of the profile training of students is the timely diagnosis of their inclinations, personal qualities, abilities and interests. It will help the children to make the right choice of future profession.

The final word is also pronounced. Alternatively, it can be arranged in this way: “A study of the relationship between temperament and the choice of a profession among schoolchildren.”

The tasks of the work are prescribed separately:

To study the history of the doctrine of the types of temperament;

To get acquainted with the methods of studying the types of temperament;

To identify and justify the influence of temperament on professional choice;

To study the types of temperament in students;

To establish the relationship between a certain type of temperament of students and the professions they choose, types of professional activity;

Inform the school psychologist, class teacher, teachers and parents about the results.

Theoretical analysis of psychological, methodological and special literature, observation, individual testing of participants in the experiment, statistical and comparative analysis of the data obtained are related to the methods of performing work.

It is mandatory to highlight the main results of the work that will demonstrate its outcome. The formulation may look like a comparative analysis of testing, which showed a single relationship between the type of temperament and the propensity for certain professional areas. This is especially important if the author was able to prove that the type of temperament in adolescence has a significant impact on the choice of a future profession.

Conclusion and possible ways of development are the final part of the whole project. In this section, the result of the experiment is written off. In our example, it sounds like evidence that, having an idea of ​​the sphere of one's inclinations and interests, one can make the right choice of a future specialty in adolescence. This will avoid disappointment in adulthood. The diagnostic options proposed by the author will help teachers and parents to identify the professional areas of schoolchildren, and together make a choice of their future specialty.

Stages of work on the project

In addition to certain requirements for the design of the project, there is an algorithm for the activity itself. First you need to decide on a topic that will be of interest not only to the author himself, but also to reviewers. Further, the main goal of the project is set, its tasks are defined.

The next step is to review the literature on the problem that will be considered in the project. The hardest part of a creative project is the experimental part. The author, having analyzed the existing information on the topic, offers his calculations, drawings, drawings.

An important stage in the preparation of any project is the formulation of conclusions, analysis of the feasibility of implementing the results obtained into practice.

The project is accompanied by a list of references, the rules for registration of which were presented above. For technical work, various drawings and diagrams will act as numbered applications, and for a creative project, you can use colorful photographs, drawings, layouts.

How much does a house project cost?

Or where to start and where to end?

Before perplexing ourselves with the question of how much a house project costs (meaning an architectural project), let's first find out what kind of document this is, why it is needed (and is it needed at all), and what will happen if anyone starts doing it?

What does the project of the house consist of and what does it look like?

So, speaking in a language understandable to everyone and everyone, an architectural project is a graphic representation of how you imagine your home. Or, in other words, the architect's idea embodied in an engineering solution (this is provided that the project will be created for you by a pro).

Actually, the architectural design (AP) is the second stage of architectural design. The first is a sketch project (EP), which will determine the appearance of the house, its dimensions, shape, space-planning solution, the plan of each floor and the internal zones in the building. After completing the EP, it will become clear to everyone and everyone what your home will be like.

But back to the architectural project. This document should comprehensively link your desires, construction conditions and a wagon with a bogie of all kinds of different requirements - from social, economic, engineering, etc. to sanitary, fire, environmental, etc.

What sections are included in the project of the house?

The project of the house should include (provided that the “conscientious office” makes the project for you) the following sections:

SECTION 1. Architectural.

• Summary sheet of drawings
• Explanatory note
• General plan (M 1: 200)
• Floor plans
• Roof truss plan
• Specification of roof truss elements
• Roof plan
• House cuts (minimum 2, but usually at least 10)
• House facades
• Specification of door and window elements

SECTION 2. Structural.

• Foundation sections
• Sections of floor slabs
• Assemblies of structural parts
• Calculations for static and strength

SECTION 3. Engineering.

• Electrical section.
  • Schematic diagram and main switchboard
  • Basement Installation Diagram
  • Ground floor installation diagram
  • Attic floor installation diagram
  • Lightning installation scheme

• Section on water and sewerage.
  • Basement plan
  • Ground floor plan
  • Attic floor plan
  • Scheme of the sewer installation
  • Axonometric diagram of the installation of cold and hot water

• Heating section.
  • Basement plan
  • Ground floor plan
  • Attic floor plan
  • Heating system installation diagram

• Section on gas installation.
  • Basement plan
  • Ground floor plan
  • Attic floor plan
  • Layout of the gas installation

• Smoke ventilation ducts
  • Basement plan
  • Ground floor plan
  • Attic floor plan

SECTION 4 Additional Documentation:

• Technical architectural and structural description.
• Description of the functional solution of the building.
• Technical and economic indicators (area, cubic capacity, etc.).
• Description of engineering solutions and consumption of materials of structural elements.
• Description of the proposed finishing materials.
• estimate

The project of a residential building is an album of A 3 format (297 x 420 mm), consisting of 60-150 sheets of drawings and an explanatory note. The number of sheets depends on the complexity of the design and the size of the structure being designed.

The image, for clarity, shows the design project of the apartment. so, the architectural design of the house is three times thicker

Where can I get a project for a house?

If you don’t know where to order a house project, write in the Google-Yandex search engine: “Buy (order) an architectural project in (name of your city)”. But, unfortunately, you will not always get to decent architects. Alas, this is the scourge of our day - many are called, but few are chosen. Today, many firms, bureaus, companies or just individual entrepreneurs offer mountains of gold. And after a decent payment for services, they can easily give you 5-10 drawings, with the same minimum two cuts.

What to do? Yes, prioritize! When contacting the contractor, the first thing to ask is not how much the house project costs, but find out what is included in the AP. Moreover, the more they explain to you, the more confidence such a company should inspire.

A win-win option for ordering an Architectural project is to go the "beaten path" by finding out from neighbors or acquaintances who have previously bought an AP, whom they would turn to today. If to the previous artist, then feel free to take his contacts. !

As a rule, the development of an architectural project consists of several stages:

• compilation and approval of tasks for the project;
• concluding an agreement with a design organization and making a partial prepayment;
• coordination with the contractor of the concept of the building, choice of style and space-planning solution;
• approval of the project by the customer;
• detailed development of all points of the AP;
• transfer of the finished project to the customer.

Actually, the point “coordination with the contractor of the concept of the building, choice of style and space-planning solution” is the very architectural sketch (AE) or draft design (EP) - whoever calls it ... And its detailed study (after your approval, of course) , and there is an architectural project in question now.

Preliminary design:

By the way, developers often buy a ready-made standard project and, if something does not suit them, they turn to an architectural bureau or a private architect for revision. This option, as a rule, is always cheaper than ordering an individual project (especially when the improvements are not great).

Price and terms of the architectural project.

An exclusive project can be done from 3 to 5 months (depending on the area and how many floors you order a "hut on chicken legs"). But get ready for the fact that the answer to the question: “How much does a house project cost” is unlikely to make you very happy. Alas, the cost of AP is by no means small - it can be 100 and 200 or more thousand of our once full-weighted rubles.

When you get your hands on an album of drawings, you can find out in great detail what the project of the house looks like. This is what needs to be taken to the architectural department of the local self-government body (city executive committee) in order to receive approval of the project after a calendar month.

Generally speaking, the project of a house is a symbiosis of creative abilities and theoretical knowledge of an architect. If these two elements fit in one professional head, consider yourself lucky - such a specialist will make a cool project when a mosquito does not undermine your nose.

We sincerely wish that you find just such a contractor (or a company where Guru architects work). And then you will not get any problems in the form of refusals in the approval. And this is how it should happen!

Do not forget, friends, subscribe to news from my site, we will step by step, build a house together.

The construction of even the smallest house begins with design. A project prepared on paper will allow you to plan the area of ​​\u200b\u200bconstruction, the number of rooms, windows and doors, as well as calculate the cost of work and the amount of materials needed.

If you are going to build a house, you can ask for help from specialized companies to order a project, choose the right one from among the ready-made ones, or independently develop a plan for a new home.

It is more rational to create a house project with your own hands when all construction work is planned to be carried out without outside help.

The first stage is planning

The first stage of project development involves the general planning of the future house, its size, purpose, the presence of a garage or other additional buildings, as well as the geographical features of the site, the presence or absence of a sewerage and water supply system.

The second stage - sketches

At the second step, all conditions and desires are taken into account and assembled into a certain model of a house with a certain number of floors and rooms.

The draft design has the character of a sketch and depicts the future of the building from different sides: facade, side, rear and in section (transverse and longitudinal).

Here is a list of the materials used, as well as the design features of the house: the type of roof, the thickness of the walls and ceilings.

Before you start your own project at home, it is better to carefully study the photos of finished plans in order to draw ideas and experience.

Third stage - work plan

The working version of the project serves as a guide for the construction team and involves a complete description of all the envisaged works for the construction of the house: architectural, structural, engineering and design.

In an architectural type project, the location of all rooms, their area, the presence of balconies or terraces, the dimensions of windows and doors, the slope of the roof, and the thickness of the walls are outlined and drawn.

Important! Glazing and decoration of balconies can be ordered at low prices on the website viploggias.ru. "Modern Balcony" is a company with many years of experience.

The constructive type of the project involves a detailed consideration of each element of the house from the foundation, walls and ceilings to the chimney, stairs and rafters. For example, a complete decoding of the characteristics is applied to the windows, where the profile width, the type of lining, the number of layers of double-glazed windows, the presence of a window sill are noted.

Engineering and technical design is aimed at drawing up a detailed plan for the implementation of work on the establishment of sewerage, water supply, ventilation, heating, electrical wiring, grounding and security systems.

The design project makes final adjustments to the construction of the house. At this stage, they finally determine the color scheme of the facade, walls, roof and interior decoration of the room.

Timber house project

Most often, economical, strong and durable wood is chosen as the main material for construction.

However, the project of a private house made of timber requires certain conditions to be met:

• If the construction requires beams of more than 6 m, then additional insulation of the joints of the logs will be required;
• Joints are placed in a checkerboard pattern;
• The number of corners must be even;
• Particular attention must be paid to the proper distribution of the load;
• Log partitions are placed only above load-bearing walls or on additional pillars.

brick house project

The project of a brick house must necessarily include an assessment of financial capabilities, since this type of construction is expensive and the need to create a strong and costly foundation.

Note!

When building brick houses, other features of the material should also be taken into account: the use of clay bricks on the lower floors, double waterproofing in the bathroom, reinforcing the wall for greater strength, strict adherence to horizontal masonry, laying out window and door openings with a quarter.

Terrace project

A correct and competent extension to the terrace house also requires a separate project. When compiling it, it is necessary to take into account its structure, location, degree of openness, shape and the presence of steps.

Most often, the terrace is located near one of the walls of the house or rings the entire building, less often it is installed separately from the residential building or adjacent to the pool.

As in the project of the house, the area, dimensions, materials, mass of the structure and type of foundation must be indicated in the terrace plan.

How to make a project at home with your own hands?

You need to stock up on paper, a ruler and a pencil and try to depict your future home in detail.

Reference points and assistants will be ready-made standard projects posted on the Internet, supplementing and expanding which you can get the perfect plan for a new building.

Note!

DIY house project photo

Note!

A section of a frame house on the example of the KD-29 project, a diagram and technology for the construction of a frame house are given. Almost all projects have this design. This scheme has established itself as reliable, but simple and easy to assemble. The entire weight of the roof is borne by the central and side non-frontal walls, which stand on the foundation. The second floor is assembled from the floor of the second floor. Visually, you can familiarize yourself with the stages of construction by downloading frame building instructions.

Brief plan of the foundation parts

A set of working diagrams and assemblies for the project, contains: the dimensions of the installation sites for anchors, vents and reinforcement, the technology and method for economically assembling the formwork for its subsequent use for frame racks and strapping.

Frame house wall

A set of working diagrams and components for the project, includes: dimensions before the start of the posts on both sides in cm, including verification dimensions between the posts, installation locations for braces, dimensions of the window / door opening and its reinforcement, sequence plans and installation locations for OSB sheets (OSB) outside, also all plans, where necessary, contain a picking list, comments and technology for connecting racks in the corners, according to the warm corner technology, and a diagram of the junction of internal walls. Please note that we specifically abandoned the Gost design of the drawings in order to remove unnecessary headers and captions, and make the drawings full page. Also, they are made in color and in centimeters, for the convenience of work during construction.

Front of a frame house

A set of working diagrams and components for the project, includes: dimensions before the start of the posts in cm and roof battens, the height of the posts, including the verification dimensions between them, window installation locations, window dimensions and its reinforcement, sequence plans and installation locations for OSB sheets (OSB) outside, also, all plans contain comments and technology for laying out the Ondulin fastening, lathing, overhangs and steam-wind-protection devices (roofing cake).

Comparison: Conventional drawing and our drawings

For the convenience and speed of work, we did not, as everyone else does, make a separate picking list for the whole house, since it is extremely inconvenient to work on it. Imagine how to assemble a house, if in order to assemble a partition only a meter or two long, you have to look for its completeness in a book of almost a hundred! sheets. So that you don’t have such problems, we, all the necessary materials and their exact dimensions, indicated directly on the page where the object that you will collect at the moment is drawn, you don’t have to spend a lot of time to find and calculate what you you need, everything is indicated on the diagram - simple and convenient. In any case, there is an additional estimate for the project.

Knots: Schemes of fastening and marking

Each of our projects comes not only with drawings and diagrams, descriptions and explanations, but of course also nodes, this greatly facilitates and speeds up the process of proper construction. Below, the first page of nodes and layout scheme from the cd-1 project. Since this is a small house project, the nodes fit on two pages. First, these are the main nodes and the wall assembly scheme with an explanation of the markup. The second page in the project is the nodes of the internal partitions, the scheme and method of sawing the jibs, the scheme and the method of quick marking. And also, the second page shows the method and method of insulating the ceiling between floors, the floor of the first floor, etc.

All our projects have many advantages:

1. Projects are designed to the size of materials from the store, so that you have to cut as little as possible and there are no scraps left.

2. Also, even at the stage of the draft design, OSB boards were selected, taking into account the most popular sizes, which are most often in the base building warehouse.

3. The roof is the simplest in execution - gable. And this means that you do not have to cut Ondulin or metal tiles to form valleys. There are no additional roofing elements that will increase the cost of the roof, and also, there are no potentially dangerous places that could leak.

4. All projects are made according to zoning: Zone 2, St. Petersburg and Leningrad Region, which is suitable for their construction in terms of snow and wind load in most of Russia.

5. Usually a rectangular house. It is the most energy efficient and comfortable form of the house.

6. All houses are quite simple in construction, due to the absence of unnecessary protrusions of the walls.

7. All dimensions are in centimeters and have the original design of drawings and diagrams.

8. In the projects of houses there is not a single expensive glued or I-beam.

9. Dimensions of the house are selected for maximum savings in building materials.

10. Risers are usually assembled in one place with ventilation.

11. Comfortable stairs.

Since we cannot place all the drawings and plans on one page, then by going to the section, Our offer we can offer you free of charge all estimates for calculating how much a house will cost you at the prices of your region, all plans, drawings and technologies with what and how is done and for what. A total of more than 100 pages of color drawings, descriptions and comments for convenience, speed and quality of work.

A ready-made working project of a house is a complete set of documents that allows you to build a turnkey residential building. This includes detailed information about the technical and architectural features, and a list of required materials, and cost estimates.

You can buy a finished project or order an individual architectural design on the website: http://www.dom2000.ru/.

How is the design of the house

The initial stage is to find out the preferences and wishes of the customer, to familiarize him with the available ready-made house projects and fix the main points. After that, work begins on the creation of a draft design of the house.

A draft design is the development of a general concept for the future building: its style solution, functional layout, convenient placement of all necessary equipment. At this stage, the customer is provided with a 3D visualization of the house:

• possible color schemes of the facade;
• floor plans;
• roofing options;
• location of window and door openings, stairs, balconies.

The preliminary design outlines the procedure for further actions and the main technical characteristics and indicators.

When the draft design is ready, it's time to start a geodetic study of the site and soil analysis. The subsequent creation of a working draft is based on the data received from surveyors.

A working draft is created taking into account the characteristics of the soil of this site and specific types of building materials agreed with the owners of the future house. Their number is calculated without taking into account the error or the so-called "human factor". Real expenditures are increased by 12-15 percent as a result.

How to choose the most suitable project

• When choosing a project, be based on personal preferences and your own convenience. The “fashion” of design is far from being the main selection criterion.
• Do not forget that the presence of additional architectural elements: bay windows, balconies, complex facade solutions, will significantly increase construction costs.
• The number of rooms needed in the house and their functional load are determined taking into account the lifestyle and preferences of all family members. It is also important to try to predict your plans for the next 10-15 years and take into account all possible nuances at the design stage.

As a result of the right approach to the creation of the project and construction, you will get the house of your dreams, which will serve not only you, but also your children and grandchildren.