Modern intelligent systems provide comfort and reliably protect against unforeseen situations. One of the elements of such systems are smart sockets.

In this article, we will consider only important and interesting questions:

• What are the features of the smart home concept?
• What is a smart plug, how is it useful, and how does it work?
• How to manage the device, and what elements does it consist of?
• What types of smart sockets are there, and what are their features?
• How to choose and connect their various types?

What is meant by the concept of a smart home?

The intelligent system "Smart Home" is not a novelty in the market of modern technologies for a long time. Its peculiarity lies in the automation of processes inside an apartment or house. Of course, there are still many discoveries ahead, but much of what was planned has been implemented and is successfully working today.

The "Smart Home" system integrates all the electrics of the home, which allows the owner to control various equipment, be it air conditioning, TV, security system devices and much more.

A constituent element of a modern home is a smart socket - a device designed in one of the scientific institutes in Germany.

The electrical equipment of a house or apartment connected to it becomes controlled by the owner. The user can control the device while sitting in his favorite chair or being thousands of miles away from home.

But in Italy they developed their own solution on the platform. The system has an open source, which means it is more flexible in terms of designing electronic devices.

Partially, this concept of a smart home includes and.

How smart plugs work

The first smart sockets were controlled only by sending SMS messages or making a call from a mobile phone. A GPS module was installed inside the product, as well as a SIM card.

In addition, to control the device on a smartphone, a special application was installed that allows you to interact with smart sockets and electrical equipment connected to them.

Now more modern devices are controlled via the Internet, and some models additionally provide a USB adapter that connects to the router and monitors commands given from a computer or phone. The signals are fed into the hardware of the device, after which they are transmitted to the technology.

The average distance at which external commands are received is about 30 meters. Each product has an individual IP address, which ensures the security and encryption of transmitted information.

Thus, a smart socket consists of two main elements:

• A controller that receives external signals, and then transmits them to an electromagnetic relay.
• Relay - a device that, after receiving a signal from the controller, closes or opens the circuit.

Applying a signal to a smart socket is done in one of the following ways:

• Through the Internet;
• On call;
• By sending SMS.

What is the use of a smart socket, its functions

Initially, smart sockets were developed for private houses, where there is a local area that needs regular maintenance. It's easy to explain.

Home owners need to turn on watering plants, additional lighting or electrical equipment from time to time. It is not always possible to come home to solve the tasks. What can we say about the need to open the gate in cold weather.

In such cases, "smart" equipment is actively used to provide additional comfort.

In relation to our everyday life, the benefits of smart sockets are indispensable:

• The ability to remotely turn on the kettle or coffee maker while lying in bed in the morning. The freed few minutes can be used for other tasks.
• Programming sockets to turn on an electrical appliance at a certain time.
• Turning on heaters shortly before the owner arrives from work, if during this period the housing remains empty. This approach saves energy.

Smart sockets are reliable helpers for scattered people who constantly forget to turn off one or another device.

Now there is no need to return home to make sure the iron is turned off. It is enough to go to a special application on your phone or send an SMS message to a specific number.

Special sockets allow you to automate the operation of home equipment - computers, routers, TVs, security systems. In addition, the use of such products is an opportunity to protect a house or apartment from the penetration of strangers.

By sending a short message or pressing a button in the application, you can turn on the light in the apartment, the music center or other electrical devices that will indicate the presence of a person in the apartment.

Thus, the functions of a smart socket include:

• Obtaining remote access to control (turn on and off) household appliances - air conditioners, convectors, ovens and other appliances.
• Control of temperature, gas pollution, humidity and other important parameters in the apartment.
• Notifying the owner of a power outage, as well as a power outage of electrical equipment. Thanks to this feature, it is possible to quickly identify and eliminate the breakdown.
• Reboot office equipment as needed or scheduled. The possibilities of a smart socket allow you to program the device for various modes.
• Measurement of consumed energy.

Control

The control process is simple and accessible even to a novice user. All that is required is the presence of a connected network or mobile connection.

The principle of controlling a GSM socket is as follows:

• Removal of the product from the box, installation of a SIM card of any of the operators.
• Connecting the device to household voltage of 220 Volts at home.
• Installing the plug of one or more controlled devices into a smart socket.

To control the device via a smartphone, you need to enter the number of the smart device in the book with phone numbers. It is advisable to save basic SMS commands in a mobile phone and use them if necessary.

They can be sent not only by SMS, but also using a special application on Android or iOS.

The smart socket accepts commands at a distance of up to five numbers, which is additional protection against outside interference or malfunctions. In addition, only those telephones from which you plan to control the device can be added to the list of numbers.

If an outlet capable of operating via the Internet is installed in an apartment or house, the management principles here are even simpler.

To issue a command, it is enough to install a special application or go to a web page from a computer and see the real state of the device - disabled or enabled.

In addition, parameters such as a graph of changes in temperature and humidity are stored in the user's personal account.

Device Features

The main feature of smart sockets is the fact that they fit the connectors of most modern technology. It is worth considering that the power limit is 3 kW. This is usually enough to connect a powerful receiver, such as a heating radiator, boiler or.

There are many options for smart plugs. The simplest include products with a single connector, and more advanced ones - several sockets (up to 3-4), made in the form of a surge protector.

In addition, it is possible to combine a group of sockets into one network for interaction between them via radio communication.

A power outage does not cause the smart plug to malfunction, because it has a spare power supply inside. It is enough to send an SMS message and warn the owner about a decrease or a power outage.

If the device is capable of operating over the Internet, an "alarm" letter is sent to the owner's mailbox with information about the loss of power.

If a security system is provided in the apartment or house, it also continues to work for a certain time.

The new versions of smart sockets have a timer that allows you to set the operating time of a particular device or program it to turn on or off.

As an additional function, a special thermometer can be provided to control the temperature regime.

Device types

With the growing popularity of smart sockets, the number of offers that are available to customers has also increased.

It is difficult for a novice user to decide on a suitable design, because they all differ in the installation method and control option. Consider the main types of products in detail.

According to the type of installation, smart sockets are:

According to the control method, smart sockets are:

• With SMS control;
• radio-controlled;
• With the possibility of submitting commands via the Internet.

By design features are divided into types:

• Single devices - with remote control.
• One outlet with multiple control outputs. Each of them is capable of receiving commands to turn the device on or off.
• Several sockets, where one of them acts as the main one, while the others depend on it, while the main one can control a group of other sockets.
• Extension cord (mains filter). The peculiarity of the product is that commands are given simultaneously to all outputs or for each separately.

Overhead - pros and cons

The advantages of smart wall-mounted sockets include:

• Wide range of models. You can choose a device that suits the design and type of control. Modern models are controlled via telephone or the Internet.
• Ease of installation without complex installation work.
• Ease of setup that even a novice user can handle.

Flaws:

• During operation, interruptions in communication are possible due to the poor quality of the GSM signal. Within the city, problems rarely arise, but outside the territory of the settlement there may be interruptions in communication. This is confirmed by the reviews of people who use such products in everyday life.
• The ability to control the smart plug is subject to availability of phone and/or Internet charges. These points are important to take into account.
• Bulkyness is not always a plus for the appearance of the interior.

Embedded smart sockets

Embedded products are mounted in the wall according to the same principle as conventional sockets. When choosing, the buyer has two ways - to redo the wiring or leave everything as it was.

In the first case, the specialist plans the placement of devices that are installed in certain parts of the house or apartment, after which the wiring is done, and further control takes place using the SMS controller.

The second option is to leave the wiring unchanged. In this case, the SMS controller is mounted on an electrical panel, which eliminates the possibility of controlling only one outlet.

For example, the user will not be able to turn off the router and not turn off the table lamp installed in the same room. This is due to the fact that several sockets, as a rule, are included in one group.

SMS, GSM sockets without and with temperature sensor

Smart GSM sockets are special products that can be controlled using a mobile phone. For their full operation, several components are required - a phone with a working SIM card, a smart socket itself, as well as another card for SMS messages.

On the back of the device there is a special slot into which a SIM card is installed.

On the other hand, a connector is provided, which includes electrical appliances. The presence of power can be judged by a special indicator.

GSM sockets can be controlled remotely, the main condition is the presence of a stable cellular network in the place where it is installed.

Some models send a message to the owner when there is a power outage or power outage. These sockets can be controlled using a special application. It must be downloaded and put on a smartphone or tablet.

Depending on the model, the list of functions and features of the device may vary. For example, in some models, a temperature sensor, a door opening indicator or humidity indicator are mounted.

In more modern devices, it is possible to program - turn the device on and off at a certain time (day, week).

The control is made using a customizable timer and an external microphone.

Advanced GSM sockets have their own battery, which ensures operation for 12 hours even when the electricity is turned off, informing the owner about what happened.

Let's highlight the most interesting models.

SIMPAL-T4 GSM SOCKET

It has a temperature sensor, has the ability to remote control from your phone. It is used to connect devices with a power of up to 3.5 kW.

The features of the model include the presence of a function for measuring air temperature, the ability to control according to a schedule and according to information from a temperature sensor, and the presence of manual control.

For ease of use, you can install the application on your smartphone and control the product by pressing the necessary buttons.

The measured temperature range is from -10 to +50 degrees Celsius, the presence of a built-in battery and small overall dimensions - 11 * 5.5 * 3.3 cm.

SAPSAN PRO 10

Device with the ability to control by sending SMS commands. Supports the installation of SIM-cards of various operators.

A smart socket is capable of performing the functions of a thermostat, thanks to the presence of a temperature sensor. Switching on / off takes place taking into account the specified settings.

Of the main functions, it is worth highlighting a remote reboot or turning the device on / off, as well as notification of a power loss. Control is possible by timer, by SMS, by call or manually.

The maximum connected load is 3.5 kW, there are alarm outputs. Overall dimensions - 8.4 * 132 * 71 cm.

SENSEIT GS1

Model with the possibility of remote control using a mobile phone. Designed to connect devices with a total load of up to 3 kW.

The device can work automatically according to the schedule and temperature sensor. The SMS message contains information on the temperature in degrees Celsius.

The features include the presence of mobile software, a wide temperature range (from 0 to 40 degrees), the presence of alarm outputs and small dimensions - 8.4 * 13.2 * 7.1 cm. The kit includes instructions that describe in detail the principle of operation and model settings.

SENSEIT GS2 M

Smart socket with a SIM card, which is controlled by SMS. The functions of the device allow you to turn on and off electrical equipment in a house or apartment, as well as control the outlet itself.

This model is suitable for connecting the air conditioning system, power supply, water supply, computer, charger and other equipment. The maximum load is 3.5 kW.

Distinctive features - the presence of a temperature sensor, a large range, the ability to work through the application for Android and iOS.

The possibility of scheduling work according to the schedule and by manual activation is available. The maximum distance for optimal device operation is up to 100 meters.

T4 TELEMETRIC

A device that allows you to control various equipment in a house or apartment via SMS.

The product comes with a temperature sensor that allows you to set the function to turn on and off when a certain temperature is reached.

A smart socket is able to turn on and off according to a schedule, by SMS command and when a certain temperature is reached.

In addition, the model notifies the owner about the temperature regime exceeding the established limits, about a decrease in voltage or deterioration of the GSM signal.

The maximum power of connected devices is 3.5 kW. In addition to this smart socket model, there are other options - T20 and T40.

How to connect and set up

A feature of smart GSM sockets is the ease of connection and subsequent configuration. This can be easily handled by a person who does not have experience in electrical work or does not know the rules for using a special tool.

The algorithm is this:

• Ensure the availability and stability of mobile communications where Smart Home technology will be applied.
• Buy a SIM card from Megafon, MTS, Beeline or another operator and a suitable GSM socket model.
• Check that according to the tariff plan it is possible to send and receive SMS messages.
• Top up the account of the purchased card and turn off the PIN-code (password) request during login.
• Carefully read the instructions that come with the smart plug with remote control.
• Install the SIM card in the appropriate slot for this.
• Plug the product into a fixed outlet to which the equipment will be connected.
• This completes the connection.

Now you need to configure the equipment for correct work in the future. Start by checking the functionality of the module, for which pay attention to the special indicator - it should glow.

Now you need to "bind" the SIM card number to the product, following the instructions in the kit.

Programming principles may differ depending on the features of the model. Here, a lot depends on the manufacturer, as well as the type of smart socket.

To correctly set all the parameters, carefully study the instruction manual. Please note that the configuration of products from different manufacturers is different.

When installing and operating smart GSM sockets, the following rules should be taken into account:

• Do not exceed the maximum load rating set by the manufacturer.
• Do not connect sockets of this type outdoors, near a washbasin or stove, high temperature, dust and moisture can adversely affect their operation.
• When programming numbers, remember that their number is individual for different models. Some devices provide protection against mailings or calls from other numbers.
• Consider the minimum and maximum distances between devices during installation.
• Having a good GSM coverage is a prerequisite for the stable operation of the device.

Video on connection and settings on the example of the Telemetric 4 model.

Smart Wi-Fi sockets

Products that work over a wireless network are in great demand. Consider their features and popular models in detail.

How the device works

The popularity of smart Wi-Fi sockets is due to the presence of additional options in many models, namely, a built-in camera, various indicators (temperature, humidity and movement), customizable timers and other features.

Some manufacturers offer smart plugs that have several control options available - via the Internet and SMS.

For example, in the absence of the Internet, you can send a message, and the device will perform its task. An important plus is the ability to control through special applications on iPhones and smartphones (for example, through the Ready for Sky application).

On models with Wi-Fi, there is: an on/off button, a work indicator, a ground connection, and a spare battery (on some models). The presence of the latter ensures that the command is sent to the owner even in the event of a power loss.

The device works on the basis of a Wi-Fi network - 802.11 b/g/n. The frequency is 2.4 GHz. After connecting to the router, the smart plug receives a unique IP address. Management, as noted above, can be performed from any mobile device on which a suitable application is installed.

Up to 50 dependent products can be connected to the control outlet and then combined into a common network. Such installation provides automation of equipment in the office or home.

Model overview

A brief overview of popular Wi-Fi smart sockets that are worthy of attention is given below.

REDMOND SKYPLUG 100S

A unique model that provides the ability to control any equipment in a house or apartment.

Any devices with power up to 2.2 kW are connected to the product. It can be a PC, washing machine, air conditioner, TV or other equipment.

The features of the model include the use of heat-resistant plastic in the basis, protection against electric shock (class 1), the possibility of manual and remote control, switching via Bluetooth v4.0.

The model has surge protection. Dimensions - 4.5 * 4.5 * 7.1 cm. The product itself and instructions for installation and configuration are included in the kit.

REDMOND SKYSOCKET RSP-R2S

Differs in the reliable dust - and moisture-proof case. Thanks to this feature, the model can be installed not only in an apartment or house, but also in a garage, bathroom, country house or warehouse.

The temperature range in which Redmond operates is from 0 to 35 degrees Celsius. The maximum current strength is 16A, which is equivalent to 3.68 kW for a 220V household network.

There is protection against electric shock (class 1) and against voltage drops. Control is carried out remotely or mechanically.

It is possible to connect to other sensors or Ready for Sky Guard equipment.

Works in the temperature range from 0 to 35 degrees Celsius. It has dimensions of 11.5 * 60 * 80 mm.

HS100

A device developed by TP-Link that is capable of scheduling. Provides remote access to control connected electrical equipment, features easy setup and a "away from home" mode that allows you to schedule power at a specific time.

The model works according to the standard protocol IEEE - 802.11 b/g/n. The temperature operating range is from 0 to 40 degrees Celsius.

The product is made of polycarbonate, has dimensions of 10.03 * 6.63 * 7.7 cm. The maximum load is 16A, and the power is 3.68 kW.

HS110

Smart socket from TP-Link. It has the same functions as the model discussed above. Its features include the presence of power consumption monitoring - a function that allows you to view the statistics of energy consumption for past periods online.

Data transfer is carried out according to the protocol IEEE - 802.11 b/g/n. The operating temperature and humidity are 0-40 degrees Celsius and 5-90% respectively. Device dimensions - 10.03 * 6.63 * 7.7 cm.

There are two buttons on the case - for settings and power. The maximum load current is 3.68 kW, and the operating voltage is from 100 to 240 V.

BROADLINK SP CONTROS (SP CC)

With provided timer for remote control of electrical appliances.

The features of the model include the ability to set a specific scenario, configuration via a smartphone or tablet using a special application, the presence of 32 programs for settings and six types of timers.

Structurally, the model is equipped with a small flashlight, supports the eco-charging function to protect the power source and is made in a compact body.

The upper limit of the load power is 3 kW. The product is made of plastic, in white color and has an IP44 protection class.

Overall dimensions of the model are 10 * 6 * 7.5 cm. Operating humidity - up to 85%, and the optimal temperature regime - from 0 to +50 degrees Celsius.

How to connect TP-Link HS110 and HS100?

The main manipulations with the smart socket are carried out using a special KASA utility that works with Android 4.1 and higher operating systems, as well as iOS.

To set up the control, just follow the step-by-step instructions that are flashed directly in the utility.

When adding new equipment, KASA offers a choice. Next, you need to name the outlet to make it easier to navigate in the future. For example, if a heater is connected to a smart device, you can write or take a photo like that.

With the help of the program, it is easy to set the time of work, as well as the period of activity (set on the calendar).

A timer option is also provided - the ability to turn the device on or off after a certain time period.

A feature of the HS110 model is the presence of a consumption indicator and analytical information. It shows the consumption from the outlet for various time periods.

This completes the connection and you can use the device. Management is carried out through the program on the phone (remotely) or manually.

For detailed connection instructions, see the video.

How to connect Redmond?

To use a product model from Redmond, you need to synchronize it with a smartphone using the Ready for Sky application.

Remote control of Redmond smart sockets is carried out via Bluetooth, via Wi-Fi or via the Internet.

See the video for detailed instructions.

radio controlled sockets

Another interesting type of smart sockets are radio-controlled, which are controlled using a remote control.

How the device works

Radio-controlled smart sockets consist of two elements - the device itself and the control panel. The kit also comes with instructions for setting up and application features.

Some manufacturers add batteries for the remote control. The device is installed in a fixed socket, after which ordinary electrical equipment can be connected to it.

An indicator button is provided on the body of the radio-controlled analog, by which you can determine the fact that the product is responding to a command from the remote control.

There is also a physical impact button that allows you to find the remote control if it is lost.

The operating frequency of the device is from 433 to 315 MHz. Detailed information is indicated in the instructions or on the device itself.

High quality plastic is used in the manufacture, which ensures a long service life of the product.

The features of radio-controlled models include the ability to receive a signal even through a wall, and the total control range reaches 30-40 meters. In the absence of an obstacle, this distance will be higher - up to 100 meters. If you plan to use the device in conditions of high humidity, you need to take models with IP44 protection.

Model overview

Consider a few offers on the market.

APA3-1500R CoCo/Trust

A set of smart radio-controlled sockets with a remote control. The kit comes with three radio adapters, as well as a control device.

The power of connected devices should be up to 1.5 kW per receiver. Auxiliary sensors are allowed.

The distance at which the remote control operates is up to 30 m indoors and up to 70 m in the absence of obstacles. The product is made in white color from high-quality plastic. The outlet size is 9*5.3*3 cm.

AGDR2-3500R CoCo/Trust

Smart sockets with two radio adapters and a remote control. Designed to control equipment at a distance. Maximum power up to 3.5 kW.

The range of action indoors and outdoors is 30 and 70 meters, respectively. Signals are received by sockets from six different transmitters. In this case, the remote control can be used for 16 different receivers.

The features of the model include IP44 waterproof housing, light weight (0.6 kg) and compact dimensions - 6 * 12.3 * 3.7 cm.

How to connect?

To begin with, a smart socket must be combined with a control remote control, for which you need to press a special button on the remote control and the case itself.

This is enough for both devices to “find” each other and connect via an available radio channel.

If the job is completed successfully, this can be seen by the lighting of the indicator light (located on the case). Then you can use the device.

How to choose a smart socket?

The issue of choosing smart sockets deserves special attention. Here it is worth paying attention to the following aspects:

1. Management methods;
2. Supported maximum power;
3. Plug standard;
4. connection type;
5. Functionality.

Control method

Smart sockets can be controlled via:

• Remote control;
• Application for Android
• Application on iOS.
• Remote access.

Smart plugs with a remote control are suitable for use within the home, but they cannot be controlled from a long distance. In this case, it is better to buy an analogue in which a special GSM module with an operator's SIM card is installed.

In such devices, remote control using a telephone is possible. The main condition for the stable operation of GSM sockets is the presence of a strong signal.

Recently, several more types of devices are gaining popularity - with control over Wi-Fi (turning on and off using a special application) and Z-Wave sockets.

The latter are based on special chips that are compatible with each other and provide the ability to remotely control the device.

Buying smart Z-Wave sockets is relevant when you need to install a lot of devices, because in combination with these devices you will have to buy a controller, which increases costs.

It is worth noting the smart sockets made using Zigbee technology. They operate at 2.4 GHz and are very similar to Z-Wave systems.

Such models are distinguished by the versatility and complexity of the technology, so it is not advisable to buy a separate device without plans for further expansion of the smart home system.

Max Power

This is one of the main parameters that you should pay attention to when choosing. The principle is simple - the total power of the connected devices should not exceed the limit set by the manufacturer.

Connection type

Here the principle is the same for everyone. The difference is that some models have a universal connector with the ability to connect any equipment.

Functionality

Smart sockets can have many additional features that you need to pay attention to when choosing them. Here are just a few of them:

Special attention should be paid to the features of the application. If necessary, it is better to choose models with moisture and dust protection. In such devices, special curtains are provided, which are useful from a safety standpoint for children.

Main manufacturers

Smart sockets are manufactured by companies such as Belkin, Everspring, Nodon, TP-Link, Fibaro, Broadlink, Lifesos, Tecsar Alert. Manufacturers such as Redmond and Xiaomi are no less popular in our country.

It is worth noting that most models come from China, but this does not affect the quality. Modern devices are reliable, easy to use and have a long service life.

What to look for when choosing a GSM socket?

When choosing a GSM socket, it is worth deciding where the device will be used, and devices with what load will be connected to it.

If you plan to install the product in a room without insulation, it is better to buy Russian-made models that can perform their functions even in the cold. As for the load, almost all models have a limit of 3.5 kW. It is forbidden to exceed this parameter.

When choosing, it is worth considering the presence of additional options, such as the ability to measure temperature, turn on / off by timer, control via phone (using an application), and so on.

The more options provided by the manufacturer, the higher the cost of the product. So it is recommended to immediately decide which functions are necessary, and which you can do without.

By the way, the ability to measure temperature is very useful. In addition, installing a separate temperature sensor will cost more.

Z-wave technology

Smart sockets with Z-Wave technology provide remote control of any appliances in the house. Such devices can be turned on and off, change the brightness and volume of connected devices, and perform other tasks.

Z-Wave is based on a special mesh technology in which devices can act as signal transmitters and receivers.

It turns out a network with routing and the possibility of automatic reconfiguration, taking into account external operating conditions. If there is an obstacle on the way, the signal overcomes it and finds the shortest path to the device.

The features of Z-Wave smart sockets include economical power consumption and the absence of radio frequency interference.

By the way, the frequency range of the devices is up to 1 GHz. Z-Wave products are based on special chips that are well compatible with each other.

The main models of such devices include NodOn Z-Wave Plus, Fibaro Wall Plug FGWPF-101, Everspring EVR_AN1572 and LifeSOS XSW-01.

Zigbee technology

Smart Zigbee sockets, which are based on a new technology, deserve special attention. In principle, it is similar to the Z-Wave described above.

The technology implies the use of a mesh structure, scalability and the ability to expand the network with new devices.

Devices made using Zigbee technology operate, like a Wi-Fi network, at a frequency of 2.4 GHz. But there is a difference - the possibility of using different channels.

The features include the versatility and complexity of construction, so it makes no sense to use any one device in the house that works according to this principle.

Today, such a socket on Zigbee Xiaomi Mi Smart is popular. Its feature is the ability to control the boiler, which gives additional convenience.

How to assemble a smart socket with your own hands?

It is interesting that it is real to assemble a smart socket with your own hands. To do this, you must have minimal skills, tools and a certain amount to purchase components.

Knowledge of the basics of programming and electrical parts is also required.

To make a smart socket with your own hands, you will need an external socket, a Wi-Fi module, a power supply unit with a stabilizer (U-3.3 V), a soldering iron and a “solid state” relay.

It is worth noting that in the absence of skills for such work, it is better to buy a new device.

One of the ways to implement the idea, see the video.

Smart sockets and switches, as well as other devices that are the constituent elements of a smart home, bring additional comfort to our lives and increase the safety of using various electrical appliances.

They can be installed at work and at home, they are easy to connect and configure, have an affordable price and are presented in a wide range.

The main thing is to carefully approach the choice of such devices. It is important to remember that the quality and reliability of their work largely depends on the stability of the GSM or Wi-Fi network (depending on the model).

The purpose of a smart Wi-Fi socket (or as it is also called smart sockets) is the ability to control electrical appliances via the Internet from anywhere. Such an outlet receives access to the network through a Wi-Fi connection, hence the name. The idea of ​​​​inventing unique gadgets with smart connectors that can be controlled remotely came to the mind of German engineers from Frauhofer.

Now you can not worry about network devices in the house

Outwardly, the simplest Wi-Fi outlet is quite such a pretty, modern-style, single-plug adapter.

Mandatory elements of a smart socket:

• led indicator;
• physical on/off button;
• spare power supply, in case of a power outage;
• grounding.

Additional elements for some more complex models:

• USB port;
• Motion Sensor;
• thermometer;
• humidity sensor;
• light sensor;
• smoke detector;
• camcorder;
• timers, etc.

Also on the market there are options made in the form of a surge protector, where there can be several connectors for connecting electrical appliances, usually up to 4. Connectors are usually standard and do not require additional adapters.

Plastic and glass are actively used as materials for the production of smart socket panels.

Smart socket usage, functions

Automated sockets are great for use in private homes, apartments and offices. These small-sized devices become indispensable assistants in organizing a comfortable and safe life (or work).

Built-in sensors will be able to warn you in time about a gas leak or other important incident, take care of the safety of your belongings and even meet you literally with warmth and incendiary illumination!

It is very convenient to use smart sockets to control heating appliances and air conditioners, ventilation, air humidification, various pumps, surveillance cameras, lighting, etc.

It also makes sense to connect “dangerous” devices to them, for example, an iron, and not be tormented by doubts whether you turned it off or not when leaving home.

With the help of a smart socket, you can use the music center as an alarm clock, turn off the night light in the nursery without disturbing the baby, save yourself from having to get to bed in the dark, turn on the kettle when you arrive, easily use sockets located in uncomfortable places, ensure timely watering of plants without your presence, in general, find many interesting and useful uses.

The main functions of the smart socket:

• remote control of various household appliances;
• ensuring security and fire safety;
• saving electricity;
• rebooting servers, routers and other office equipment;
• notification of a power outage, with the ability to emergency de-energize devices to prevent the failure of important and expensive equipment.

Principle of operation, management and capabilities

When connected to a router, each smart socket receives its own unique IP address, which allows you to establish access to it and send commands in encrypted form over the Internet (encryption does not allow anyone to control your electronics). Naturally, the more stable the connection, the easier and more correct the control will be.

Settings can be stored both on the server and on the device itself. In the latter case, a situation may arise when, after the loss of the Network, all settings will have to be reinstalled. If a server is used to save settings, then information, including statistics, can be stored for years. Depending on the model, you may have access to various graphs based on the results of the information recorded by the sensors.

To get a detailed remote control interface, just install special software on your smartphone, tablet, laptop or computer. The necessary software is freely available for download and installation. Of course, if you have programming skills and you are not satisfied with the interface of the programs offered, you can write your own with your own hands.

The program allows you not only to remotely turn devices on and off, but also set up timers, that is, set a specific time (of course, Wi-Fi must also work to work on a schedule). With this function, you can significantly save energy and also prevent the risk of dangerous situations.

Timer features:

• random on and off times (a very useful feature for creating the effect of the presence of someone in the house);
• countdown (turning on and off the electronics after a certain period of time);
• scheduled specific time (turning devices on and off at a strictly specified time, once, every day, every certain day, etc.).

Some smart sockets can be remotely blocked so that when you press the physical button, you can neither turn on nor turn off the device, while disabling schedules and timers. It may also be possible to set the "I'm at home" mode, which allows you to turn off all smart sockets at once.

In the event of a power outage, the smart gadget uses a built-in backup power supply to notify you immediately. The same power supply will allow the connected security system and fire alarm to function for some time.

Smart sockets can be combined into a network (the number of sockets can reach 50), assign main and controlled sockets according to the principle of hard drives (Master and Slave), in a word, subordinate and automate almost all equipment in a home or office.

Characteristics

As a rule, the vast majority of smart plug models work with an input voltage of 100–240 V (that is, they can be used in conventional electrical networks).

The value of the output voltage usually ranges from 2 to 4 kW, which is quite enough to connect even rather voracious appliances (for example, oil heaters).

The Wi-Fi network standard used is 802.11 b/g/n at 2.4 Hz.

Safety in use

Note! Before connecting any electrical device to a smart socket, you must make sure that its power does not exceed that specified in the technical documentation for the socket itself.

Is it possible to make a smart socket with your own hands?

If you wish and have the necessary skills, tools and materials, it is indeed quite possible to build a Wi-Fi outlet with your own hands.

To make the most budgetary smart socket you will need:

• Wi-Fi module;
• solid state relay;
• small-sized power supply (it is optimal that the voltage regulator is 3.3 V);
• external socket (for the convenience of flashing, you can use an external socket or filter with a USB port).

True, if you are not an avid electrician and programmer, you have never held a soldering iron in your hands, then it is better not to risk it, because if something goes wrong, you can get an electric shock and burn down the apartment. Is it worth it?

It is much safer to purchase such a useful gadget in a store and make your life more comfortable without any extra effort, risk and unexpected consequences, especially since the prices for smart sockets are quite reasonable, so it is unlikely that you will be able to save a decent amount by assembling a device with your own hands.

If you nevertheless firmly decided to construct a smart socket with your own hands, then we determine the purpose, design and functionality of a home-made gadget, prepare the necessary tools, materials and get down to business.

Not a luxury but a necessity

Regardless of whether you bought a Wi-Fi socket or successfully made it yourself, you will surely like the remote control and very soon you will not be able to imagine how you can live without such an amazing, useful and convenient invention.

This project will allow you to independently assemble a "smart" outlet controlled from a computer. The basis of such an outlet is the popular Arduino Uno board and a solid state relay.

First of all, you need to assemble the solid state relay circuit below based on the MOC3041 optocoupler and some additional components. The MOC3041 is a simple low cost optocoupler with an LED and a photodiode. Then connect the Arduino board to J1 of the assembled power switch. To control the relay, we use the I / O line D12. Input connectors J2 will be directly a socket for connecting a high voltage 220 VAC, and a load, in this case a lamp, will be connected to connectors J3. Attention: be extremely careful when working with mains voltage! Contact with bare skin can cause irreparable damage, burns or even death!

Now connect the Arduino Uno board to your computer via the USB port, copy the code below into the Arduino IDE and upload it to the Arduino. This sketch is pretty simple. It reads an ASCII character through the serial port and changes the logical state of the D12 line / When a “1” is received, the D12 line goes high (the relay closes), when “2” it goes low (the relay opens).

int drivePin = 12; // relay control output signal int incomingByte; void setup() ( Serial.begin(9600); // start serial port pinMode(drivePin, OUTPUT); ) void loop() ( if (Serial.available() > 0) ( incomingByte = Serial.read(); Serial .println(incomingByte); ) if (incomingByte == 50) ( digitalWrite(drivePin, LOW); // 50 is the ASCII number 2 on the keyboard ) else if (incomingByte == 49) ( digitalWrite(drivePin, HIGH); // 49 in ASCII is the number 1 on the keyboard) )

Automatic reset

The Arduino Uno board is designed so that the software has the ability to reset the board when connected to a computer. One of the hardware flow control (DTR) lines on the ATmega8U2 is connected to the reset line of the ATmega328 via a 100nF capacitor. When this line goes low, the chip resets. The software uses this feature to allow you to program the Arduino at the touch of a button in the Arduino IDE. But there are some moments that are unpleasant for us - the board is reset every time it is connected programmatically to the computer. Luckily, the Arduino Uno has a RESET-EN track that can be cut to disable auto-restart. To turn it back on, simply solder the contact pads of this track.

As an alternative to a hardware solution to the auto-reset problem, you can use software solutions. For example, install the HTERM terminal or try Google's Chrome Browser Serial Port Monitor.

For more than a year, there has been an active implementation of sockets that can understand their owners at a distance. The cost of such devices is an order of magnitude higher compared to the prices of traditional devices. It is recommended to purchase smart sockets and switches immediately for all residential premises, and not one at a time, due to which maximum comfort will be achieved. Of course, such a pleasure is not cheap, it requires a lot of time and effort to set them up.

What is a device

Remote control sockets are devices that can be controlled using a remote control, smartphone or computer. Such devices can operate according to predetermined parameters. Initially, sockets were developed only for owners of private real estate, where there are flower beds, gardens or kitchen gardens that need to be watered on time, which is not always possible. But now smart sockets are actively used in apartments of high-rise buildings and cottages, where they allow you to remotely control the operation of household appliances, from an iron to a refrigerator.

Types of smart sockets

Depending on the type of control, smart sockets can be divided into the following types:

• radio-controlled;
• control via SMS;
• Wi-Fi control.

Depending on the type of installation, sockets can be:

• overhead or adapter sockets (devices are widespread and in greatest demand);
• mounted in walls (installed during the repair process; power is carefully selected and its main purpose of use is determined).

radio controlled sockets

This type of wireless sockets consists of a control panel and the design of the socket itself. The basic package comes with an instruction manual and batteries. The device is quite easy to use and involves the inclusion of a smart outlet in a stationary one, after which household appliances should already be connected. The sockets are like an adapter and are equipped with a special sensor on the body, which signals to the owner that the device is working and receiving signals. In case of loss of the remote control, the radio-controlled socket has special buttons with which you can control the device. The remote control smart socket operates at a radio frequency of 433-315 MHz, and the perception range is about 30-40 meters. However, devices are already appearing on the market that perceive signals at a distance of about 100 meters, provided that there are no obstacles.

GSM sockets

Devices of this type can be controlled using your own smartphone. To ensure uninterrupted operation, the GSM socket is equipped with a SIM card, to which the SMS function must already be connected. Such a card is mounted on the back of the device, where indicators are also located that signal the presence of power outlets and the receipt of messages (signals). The key to the normal functioning of this device is the uninterrupted operation of the cellular operator in the premises. In the event of an emergency shutdown, many models of smart sockets have time to send messages to the owners about the power outage. Additionally, such a GSM socket is equipped with a microphone or a timer that allows you to set the time to turn on and off certain household electrical appliances. Thanks to such innovations, you can make life much more comfortable.

Wi-Fi controlled sockets

This type of device is controlled by the Network using Wi-Fi. Smart sockets can be additionally equipped with a video camera, various indicators (temperature, humidity level, electrical connection, motion sensor) and a timer. The remote control socket is the most popular in different countries of the world. A smart sms-socket must necessarily have grounding, as well as an additional battery, which may be needed in case of an emergency power outage. When setting up outlets for the first time, you must configure the router. Devices can be controlled using a mobile phone, tablet, laptop or personal computer. Control over the device is also carried out thanks to a special application that is downloaded and configured before operating the devices.

Socket manufacturers

Commonly used smart devices are:

• Smart socket Redmond (designed to connect devices with a power of up to 220-240 V; the remote device is controlled using the Ready for Sky application, which can be downloaded to a smartphone, laptop or personal computer).
• TP-Link Smart Plug socket (long known to consumers from all over the world as reliable network equipment).
• Adaptation of the budget version of Orvibo Wi-Fi Smart Socket (it is considered multifunctional equipment, which includes basic simple equipment: timer, sensors).
• Koogeek Wi-Fi Smart Plug (managed only with the HomeKit application, which is installed on gadgets from Apple).

Benefits of smart sockets

Smart sockets and switches have many advantages, allowing you to be comfortable both at home and away, while knowing that all electrical appliances are turned off. This type of device can:

• monitor the status of electrical household appliances connected to the network;
• turn off faulty electrical appliances in automatic mode;
• turn on and off electrical appliances at the right time (if there is a timer or via SMS);
• control power distribution;
• turn off household appliances during power surges.

Today, smart devices are considered really useful gadgets that allow not only to save money, but also to secure a house or apartment, while being at a distance (on a trip, at work, on a journey). With constant or long business trips, with the help of such devices, you can turn the light on and off, which gives the impression that someone is always at home.

How to choose a smart device

Every year there are more and more advanced smart gadgets that are designed not only to make life easier, but also to make it safer. When choosing smart sockets for your home, it is recommended to pay attention, first of all, to their appearance, technical characteristics and potential capabilities of network equipment offered by the manufacturer. Initially, you need to decide what such a smart device is needed for, for what purposes it will serve. If the socket is designed to turn on or off small household appliances, then you should not opt ​​for expensive equipment with a wide range of technical equipment.

It is imperative to determine the power that household electrical appliances need to consume, that is, smart sockets must be selected according to these values. Network devices with low power (up to 2 kW) should not be purchased at all. The sockets must have an additional battery, so that during power outages, the smart socket will have time to send a signal.

An excellent option would be to purchase devices with several types of control at the same time, which minimizes the risk of force majeure. It is worth remembering that the more functions “placed” in the device, the more expensive it is. Before purchasing this or that socket, it is recommended to study the instruction manual and technical specifications in detail.

How does this socket work?

In fact, a multifunctional outlet is quite simple. The metal or plastic case of the network device contains an electromagnetic relay, the main function of which is to close and open contacts, as well as control the load of the mains passing through the outlet. The outlets are controlled through a special remote control, an Internet application or SMS messages. Depending on the type of control, sockets are equipped with additional details, such as a slot for a SIM card or sensors to capture a Wi-Fi network.

Disadvantages of a smart socket

Despite all the advantages, network adapters also have some disadvantages that should be taken into account before deciding on such an acquisition. Remote sockets, regardless of the manufacturer, are quite large in comparison with traditional devices. Even if the network adapters have a stylish streamlined shape, they will still stand out significantly in the interior.

The second drawback is the high cost, which varies from $20 and up. Not everyone can afford to buy a smart device for that kind of money, and even more so to equip the whole house or apartment with them. Of course, you can find cheaper gadgets, but their quality will be much worse. A smart outlet, which has received extremely positive reviews, is in most cases designed to serve only one household electrical appliance, which reduces overall productivity.

Device Vulnerability

According to the latest research, experts have concluded that smart plugs controlled via an app can be hacked. The device address and its password are quite easily captured by hackers, as a result of which the email address is hacked and the initially set settings and the socket operation schedule are changed. The consequences of such actions can be very diverse, starting with the burning of household appliances, which leads to a fire, and before breaking into apartments, houses and cottages. The software is quite vulnerable and not yet fully developed, which makes it easy for hackers to hack adapters. Owners of smart devices should remember that it is easy to guess socket data without ciphers, login and password.

A smart socket, the instruction of which describes in detail the technical characteristics and functionality, is still considered an innovation that is still at the stage of improvement. Such adapters greatly simplify life, while allowing you to protect your home from power surges. Thanks to such devices, you can turn on the coffee maker, electric fireplace in advance, heat food in a slow cooker or turn off household appliances while on a trip. A frequently used device is the Redmond smart socket, which has established itself as a reliable adapter that allows you to control the status of household appliances that have access to the network.

And so everyone who wants to make a "smart" socket with solitaire and profursets is offered this guide! Features of this product: the socket will be built-in, controlled both via wi-fi and via the Internet. You can also see the status of the outlet. And if you are not too lazy, then with temperature sensors, light, video camera and anything else in the future!

It is necessary to check the functionality of the circuit itself. In fact - the WeMo Switch emulator, the difference is that ours will be built into any outlet, and fit perfectly into the interior.

What do we need to implement our plans:
1. In order to control the operation of the outlet via wi-fi, we will need a controller module with WiFi.
2. Relay for 16A 220V.
3. Power supply for these two modules with a voltage of 5 V
4. Well, of course, the socket box, where without it.
5. And even more so, you can’t do without the outlet itself!
6. It would also be nice to make an LED for indexing on / off.
Here are all the components:

Solder the wires to the structure:

Isolate wires and contacts:

Then we put all this in the socket and attach it to the outlet itself.

As for software, programming skills are required here. If you have those, then it is recommended to use a lightweight web server, the simplest bash scripts, although it is quite possible to put a minimal python assembly for our purposes.
Otherwise, you should look for a solution to the problem on the forums or copy the software of the official version of this outlet. You can find a lot of them both on websites dedicated to programming, and simply in the configuration of online stores.
We check for functionality. And so the relay, LED and socket voltage are normal. Well, the first step on the way to the perfect outlet has been taken. The cost of all components can be estimated at about 1500 rubles.

And most importantly, do not be afraid to experiment, there is nothing complicated here, take a soldering iron with a thin tip and go!

Perhaps your hands will shake, but this is only the first five minutes, as you get used to it initially, you will already be confident and stand like granite.

Important note:
The outlet is usually closer to the floor (from physics lessons you have to remember that hot air goes up, and cold air is heavier down), so the thermostat readings will not be entirely correct - this should be taken into account if you rely on them to regulate heating.