Today, every second gardener dreams of planting a dwarf apple tree. Especially small fruit trees attract those area to the garden, is limited. "Dwarfs" are becoming increasingly popular. It depends on everything from their compactness: they occupy much less space than tall trees with a powerful root system and an empty crown. Extremely fame also acquires a significant level of yields of dwarf apple trees.

The cultivation of this cult has its own characteristics, which you need to know lovers gardeners. What are the dwarf apple trees (varieties, reviews, dignity)? What are the nuances and care for them?

One of the most popular garden crops

Apple tree is one of the most common fruit cultures among Russian gardeners. Its seedlings, the time of flowering of which is the period from May to June (depending on the variety), are widely used while greening parks and gardens as a decorative-flowering plant, but more often to collect harvest.

The beneficial properties of apples (spherical fruits of green, red or yellow, with a diameter of up to 15 cm) known for a long time. It is believed that per day must need to eat at least one apple so that the body is replenished with the necessary dose of iron and other beneficial substances and vitamins.

The hostesses are preparing an excellent jam, jam, compotes and juices from apples. Tasty fruits are used for cooking apple wines, widely popular among lovers.

Classification

Autumnal care for adult apple trees

Autumn period - harvest time. It should be removed around the apple tree all the garbage: fallen leaves, branches and apples - for the purpose of prevention from the appearance of fungus and rot. It is also necessary to make mineral fertilizers, making trimming branches that damaged by insects or have other damage.

It should also be rebiring the soil near the apple trees: to disrupt the thermal insulation of potential winter overnight insects. It is necessary to protect the trunks from rodents, insulated their rubberoid, putting bait for mice.

Dwarf apple trees: varieties, reviews, advantages

• The small size of the trees allows you to put on the site a significant amount of them.
• Much earlier than in the usual garden, the fruiting of dwarf trees is coming: usually for the 3rd year after landing. For example, the "landed" variety users say as an early, novice fruit for the 3rd year after vaccination. The duration of the vegetative period of this variety is about 150 days, yield - up to 130 kg from one tree.
• The yield of dwarf trees is rapidly increasing every year and does not differ from high-pressure apple trees. Thus, the Gardeners of Polesia and even non-black earth relevant about the grades of "Melba", "Northern Sinap", "Antonovka", grown by the vaccination insertion by vaccination. These varieties do not require special care, differ in high yield, and more regular than those nearby high-quality apple trees.
• The yield of ordinary trees breeds: 1 time in 2 years, in dwarf - 1 time per year.
• Due to the low growth of trees with them it is easier to collect a crop, follow the ripening of trees. No need to apply special devices for cutting branches. Gardeners celebrate the compactness of the crown of many dwarf varieties and their low height: "Northern Sinap", "Melba", "Antonovka" and some others have an increase of no more than 2.5 m at the 10th age.
• Little apple trees and relatively minor branches of crown require less nutrition, which causes enhanced nutrition of fruits.
• Placing the root system near the surface of the soil allows the village instantly react to feeding and watering. So, apple trees "Melba", "Northern Sinap", "Antonovka", according to reviews, you can not land into the pit. Gardeners are recommended to pour small hilly, about 30 cm high and up to 100 cm in diameter, make the deepening and planting the treet there, with more than half the dwarf insert. Such a planting method will provide in the first year the revealation from the place of vaccination of its own root system. The authors of feedback noted the lack of the need for frequent watering of dwarf apple trees. Trees of grades "GRASHSOVKA", "Bratchud", "Snowdrop", according to reviews, need regular watering only during the first summer after landing. Adult trees are perfectly bypass without watering.
• Small sizes of trees allow you to use less fertilizer for them, as well as reduce the cost of spraying.
• The small height of the apple tree contributes to an increase in time for their preparation for winter sleep, as a result of which the autumn frosts are not terrible. Users note frost resistance, as well as resistance to diseases of such winter varieties such as the "Snowdrop", No. 57-145, No. 57-233. The last grade belongs to the semi-carillary, its frost resistance exceeds all known varieties: the roots of the tree are transferred to the temperature up to minus 16 degrees Celsius. Also, many feedback authors note that semi-class varieties are more viable compared to the dwarf. A deeper root system allows them with a slight size of the tree to give a greater harvest.

disadvantages

• The life of the dwarf apple tree is twice as shorter than their tall fellow. But this has its own plus - the opportunity to replace varieties every 20 years to more modern.
• Finding roots near the surface is fraught with the threat of their extinction. It is necessary to carefully insulate the root system.
• Surface finding roots requires the presence of fertile soil.
• High yield apple trees sometimes leads to a low quality of their fruits. The depletion of trees leads to irregularity of fruiting. To eliminate it, it is necessary to overturn extra inflorescences.
• Fruit cargo sometimes leads to a breakdown of small trees. To prevent this, install special supports for branches and trunk.

Medium strip varieties

It is known that on fruit trees, the ripening of fruits directly depends on climatic conditions.

Gardeners are well remembered by the words of the investigation of the national selection I.V. Michurin about the need to carry out the zoning of varieties, taking into account the ability of an apple tree to resist the diseases of this or that climatic belt and their frost resistance.

Above, we have already mentioned the best dwarf apple trees for the Moscow region (varieties). Gardening reviews mention both hybrids, as well as about artificially derived trees with different maturation terms.

Moscow region is the area of \u200b\u200bthe middle strip, ideal for growing the growing, middle-air and late varieties.

These include familiar:

• summer grade "Melba", "Candy";
• autumn "Zhigulevskoe", "autumn striped";
• winter "GRASHOSHOSKA", "Bogatyr", "Arbat", "Moscow Necklace", "Lobo" (relatively recent variety with high flavors of fruit taste, as well as preservation, fruiting, winter hardiness of trees).

Growing "Dwarfs" in Tatarstan

Amateur gardeners, based on the results of the experiments, confidently argue that Tatarstan is a suitable climatic area where you can grow dwarf apple trees (varieties). Reviews, Tatarstan in which is mentioned quite often, confirm that it is in this region that you can get a good harvest.

For example, in the most extreme conditions of Tatarstan (Bugulmino-Belebean hill, where frosts in the winter reach minus 40 degrees, the most late spring and the earliest autumn frosts are observed) paradise.

As favorable, gardeners are called two conditions for this:

• good snow cover (saves the soil temperature up to minus 5-10 degrees at a total air temperature up to minus 35 degrees Celsius);
• heavy soil cover (clay and heavy diplomatic), promoting good anchoring of the root system, which keeps the tree from tilt with an abundant harvest.

These same factors have the negative sides with which it is necessary to fight: the spring tree needs to be abandoned from under the snow so that the snow mass does not break the branches.

To protect against rodents due to high snow, the Stak has to be lifted to a height of 1.2 -1.4 m and in the fall to wrap the tale or rubberoid.

Growing dwarf apple trees in the districts of the Middle Volga region and South Urals (Bashkiria)

The low trees on the dwarf-rods are becoming increasingly popular among gardeners not only southern stripes, but also in the regions with a harsh climate, to which the districts of the Middle Volga region and the Southern Urals (Bashkiria) are.

Where else can you grow dwarf apple trees (varieties)? Reviews, Bashkiria is also mentioned in them, they say that in this region many sit down this kind of apple trees.

The most attractive for gardeners are apple trees with a height of up to 3-3,5m, characterized by softening and high level of yield:

• "Spartak", "Kutuzovizer", "Kuibyshevskoe", "Daughter of Papin", "Zhigulevskoye" (Middle Volga);
• "Bashkir Handsome", "Grushovka Moscow", "landed", "Silver Kopytz", "Bratchud" (Bashkiria).

Varieties are well compatible with cloning. The first harvest on semi-darkened flows is collected for 3-4 years after landing, sales - for 4-5 years.

Trees on dwarf inventions are less adapted: for 2-3 years they stop in growth due to loading fruits. At the age of 7-8 years fruit periodically.

In the harsh conditions of the region (the temperature of the arable horizon in the winter - minus 13-15 degrees, in the summer - plus 60-64 degrees Celsius, soil fertility - low) from the best part of themselves:

• semi-classrooms: E-56, 64-143, Ural-11, E-63,54-118, "Ural-5";
• dwarfs: K-2, ATP-7, "ART-18", R-60, Ural-1.

"Dwarfs" in the southern regions

Southern regions, in particular, Rostov is the perfect region for growing dwarf apple trees. And here gardeners plant dwarf apple trees (varieties). Reviews, Rostov region in which are also considered as a region for a favorable apple tree disembarkation, they say that first of all attention should be paid to the soil and climate.

• M1, M3 (average);
• M9, mm106, Budagovsky's paradise (with risk sharing);
• 54-118, 3-3-35, 62-396, 3-5-44. 3-3-72, 3-1-76 (high winter hardiness);
• serdyukov's paradise (extremely high winter hardiness).

Dwarf apple tree - culture popular in view of its indisputable advantages among gardeners of various regions of the country.

The choice of the living trees suitable for the region of living in the region, compliance with the landing and care rules will provide a long time of the high yield of the dwarf garden.